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Latest science: which habitats should we restore first?
Conservation isn’t just about preserving pristine natural habitats. To thoroughly address the climate and extinction crises, we also need to restore ecosystems that have been degraded or converted to other uses. But where to start? BirdLife’s Chief Scientist Dr Stuart Butchart discusses a new study he co‑authored.
Which factors make some locations higher priority than others?
The benefits and costs of restoration vary substantially across the world. The amount of carbon that would be captured by restoring a site differs depending on habitat and location, and the biodiversity value of locations also varies. Added to this, habitat restoration is much cheaper in some locations than others.
How did you explore these trade-offs?
We collaborated with scientists at the International Institute for Sustainability in Brazil – along with other institutions – to use an approach called ‘linear programming’. Through this method, we calculated the optimal distribution of restored sites under three criteria (minimising extinctions, mitigating climate change and minimising costs) under 1,200 different scenarios.
What were the key findings?
Priority areas for restoration varied wildly depending on which of the criteria we focused on. Overall, we found that restoring 15% of converted lands in priority areas could avoid 60% of expected extinctions while capturing 299 gigatonnes of CO2 – 30% of the total CO2 increase in the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution. Importantly, we found that it is much more cost-effective to optimise across multiple criteria simultaneously. This highlights the importance of spatial planning and pursuing climate and biodiversity goals simultaneously rather than separately.
Which kinds of habitat are important for restoration?
All biomes have an important role, but priority areas tended to be concentrated in wetlands and tropical and subtropical forests. These sites typically had high carbon stocks, high species diversity and considerable loss of natural habitat.
What were the limitations of the study?
We focused exclusively on areas that had been converted to other uses, since the costs and benefits of restoring degraded ecosystems are less well known. We also did not consider the way climate change is affecting the distributions of species, biomass and agricultural production. Finally, at local and national scales it is critical to consider socio-economic issues such as social equity and land tenure.
How can we turn information into action?
Governments have made bold commitments to restore ecosystems, including in relation to the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030), Bonn Challenge, New York Declaration on Forests and the Paris Climate Accord. Our methods and results can help nations to develop efficient spatial plans that ensure such restoration delivers maximum benefit for biodiversity and climate change, while minimising costs.
Global priority areas for ecosystem restoration is published in Nature.
“Priority areas tended to be concentrated in wetlands and tropical and subtropical forests. These sites typically had high carbon stocks, high species diversity and considerable loss of natural habitat.”
Stuart Butchart, BirdLife Chief Scientist and co-author of the paper
From new forest corridors to the production of shade-grown commodities, restoration work in the Atlantic Forest of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay is crossing country borders and taking landscape conservation into new realms of ingenuity.
Through our world-leading science, unique local-to-global policy reach and extensive on-ground conservation work around the globe, BirdLife is uniquely placed to guide on why and how we need to restore nature to build back better from COVID-19, tackle the climate and biodiversity crises, and improve health and well-being, as part of wider and long-term efforts to achieve an equitable, carbon-neutral, nature-positive future for all.
Stay up to date
Our monthly newsletter curates the most fascinating articles across the BirdLife Partnership to save birds, nature and people. |
कोनूर: चाय मात्रा कि नीलामी को गुरुवार को आयोजित कीया गया है और शुक्रवार को कोनूर चाय के व्यवसाय कि संस्था कि नीलामी पर १३.२० लाख किलोग्राम की कुल मात्रा अधिक ऊपर चढ़ गई है। पिछले १६ हफ्तों में इसकी मात्रा सबसे अधिक है। अब तक पिछले हफ्ते में १.६३ लाख से अधिक पेशकश की तुलना कि गई। लेकिन, इस प्रस्ताव में इस बार पिछले हफ्ते की तुलना में ४४.००० किलो से अधिक है।
नया आगमन ११.३४ लाख किलोग्राम पर खड़ा था। शेष चाय बेचने का के लिए पिछले नीलामियों में शामिल रहा हैं। इस पेशकश में, ९.३५ लाख किलोग्राम पर १३.२० लाख किलोग्राम की पत्ती ग्रेड और ३.८५ लाख किलोग्राम का ग्रेड है। ११.३8 लाख किलोग्राम कि सीटीसी विविधता और केवल ०.८२ लाख किलो में परंपरावादी किस्म कि व्यवस्था है। |
नई दिल्ली में मंगलवार को एक बेहद ख़ास कार्यक्रम का आयोजन हुआ, जिसका मकसद था समावेशी भारत की कोशिशों को आगे बढ़ाना। इस मौके पर सामाजिक न्याय और अधिकारिता मंत्री थावरचंद गहलोत ने कहा कि दिव्यांगजन कल्याण पर प्रधानमंत्री के सपने को पूरा करने में उनका विभाग तेज़ी से जुटा हुआ है, तो सूचना एवं प्रसारण मंत्री स्मृति ईरानी ने कहा कि दिव्यांगों को हर तरह से सशक्त बनाने की ज़रूरत है।
राष्ट्रीय न्यास की ओर से आयोजित इस सम्मेलन में फिल्म जगत, मीडिया, शिक्षा और दिव्यांगों के लिए काम करने वाली देश भर की संस्थाओं ने भाग लिया। इस मौके पर केंद्रीय मंत्री थावरचंद गहलोत ने प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी के उस सपने का जिक्र किया, जिसमें वे अक्सर कहते हैं कि दिव्यांगों को सशक्त बनाना है। प्रधानमंत्री के इसी सपने को सामाजिक न्याय और अधिकारिता विभाग पूरा करने में तेज़ी से जुटा हुआ है।
सम्मेलन में भाग लेते हुए सूचना एवं प्रसारण मंत्री स्मृति ईरानी ने कहा कि दिव्यांगों को हर तरह से सशक्त बनाने ज़रूरत है। उन्होंने इस मौके पर घोषणा की कि दूरदर्शन और ऑल इंडिया रेडियो के माध्यम से पूरे देश में दिव्यांगों के हितों के लिए चलाई जा रही सरकारी योजनाओं की जानकारी दी जाएगी।
समावेशी भारत कार्यक्रम के तहत सामाजिक न्याय और अधिकारिता मंत्रालय दिव्यांगजनों को सभी क्षेत्रों में अवसर दिलाने के प्रयास करता है। |
COMM 111 — Survey of Mass Communications (3)
Students explore the role of mass communications in history and today’s society. Various theories and past and current practices of the mass media including objectivity, violence, censorship, ethics, and governmental and legal problems associated with each will be investigated.
COMM 115 — Computer Applications for Mass Communications (3)
This course provides an overview of microcomputer applications including a brief introduction to computer concepts, Microsoft Windows, and Microsoft Office software. Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and Expressions will be integrated, along with Adobe creative software. An introduction to library and Internet research, as well as MLA formatting, will also be provided.
COMM 131 — Introduction to Writing for Mass Communications (3)
Students will be introduced to elementary principles, methodology, and terminology used by the print and electronic media, public relations, and advertising.
COMM 212 — Introduction to Digital Photography (3)
The fundamentals of digital photography are explored with an emphasis on the technical aspects: use of the camera; determination of proper exposure; lenses and filters; the aesthetic values of taking pictures.
COMM 223 — Broadcast Newswriting (3)
This course focuses on how to gather information, write, and perform broadcast news copy, produce a newscast, and the art of interviewing for the broadcasting, as well as the terminology used in the electronic media. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 225 — Sports Media (3)
Familiarization with the terminology and peculiarities associated with athletics, the techniques of release and brochure preparation, conducting the press conference, preparation of program and promotional materials, budget preparation, broadcast remotes, creating and producing the sports feature, media-athletic, and school-media relations. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 226 — Principles and Practices of News Writing (3)
Students gain theoretical and practical experience in idea selection, research methods, factual organization, writing, and marketing of non-fiction articles. They will be expected to submit articles for publication. Prerequisites: COMM 111, COMM 131.
COMM 233 — Introduction to Visual Communications (3)
This introductory course covers the history of graphic design, design principles, color theory, and design concepts, and how they apply to effective visual and intellectual communication. Students will understand the theory behind visual perception and how it is applied to graphic design, web design, and multimedia. Prerequisite: COMM 115.
COMM 237 — Mass Communications Law (3)
This course is a study of the legal regulations governing the various media in the United States. A review of the early history establishing freedom of expression is covered with emphasis on the current laws and cases. Emphasis on law of libel, clash of fair trial with free speech and press, invasion of privacy, open records and meetings, obscenity, copyright, advertising, and broadcast regulations. Prerequisite: COMM 111.
COMM 243 — Fundamentals of Image Manipulation (3)
This is an intermediate level image manipulation course. Emphasis is on Adobe Photoshop software and creating visual designs with aesthetic appeal for use in print, electronic, and online media. This course covers basic to intermediate skills of image manipulation, including color correcting, image editing, and formatting. An ethics component focuses on the legal, ethical, and moral implications of digitally altering photos in advertising and photojournalism. Prerequisite: COMM 233.
COMM 251 — Radio and Audio Production (3)
This class explores basic production concepts of audio as a medium of communication with a strong emphasis on the creation and production of a variety of audio production program types. The student will have the opportunity to gain “hands-on” equipment experience in the College’s audio production facilities. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 253 — TV Studio Production (3)
This course allows a student to become familiar with television studio production techniques. In lectures and lab sessions, students will learn basic operations of a television studio including directing, running cameras, floor management, lighting, scene preparation, performance, audio, and operation of diagnostic equipment. Working in a team environment, students will be both in front of and behind the cameras with emphasis on pre-production planning, script writing, production, and minimal post production. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 290 — Media and Communication Campaigns (3)
The course covers various forms of writing, including news releases, public service announcements, and profile and feature stories. Students will also learn media relations—how to successfully build relationships with working professionals in print, television, and radio fields. Special event planning and fundraising activities will also be covered. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 296 — Mass Communications Practicum (3)
This course is designed to help students prepare for internships, as well as careers in the mass communications fields. The course focuses on enhancing students’ professional background and developing the necessary job search skills and strategies. Students will explore their major, careers, and internships in mass communications. They will analyze the necessary skills and develop resumes, cover letters, and e-portfolios appropriate to their career path. Prerequisites: COMM 111, COMM 115.
COMM 311 —Theories and Perspective in Mass Communications (3)
This course provides students with intellectual tools for understanding media that they consume in everyday life, that they might create in their professional lives, and that impact the world all around us. Students will examine the most influential mass communications theories such as agenda setting, cultivation theory, spiral of silence, and critical-cultural studies in order to better understand how we can think about what media are, how we interact with them, and what effects they have on society. Prerequisites: COMM 131, and junior status.
COMM 324 — Electronic News Gathering (ENG) and Field Reporting (3)
This course combines both the electronic skills and writing skills necessary for the components of broadcast journalism. Students will apply classroom knowledge so as to cover news events “in the field.” In doing so, students will develop ethical storytelling skills and sharpen critical thinking skills required for strong news decision making. Prerequisite: COMM 253 or COMM 354.
COMM 334 — Multi-Platform Storytelling (3)
Students experience an in-depth study of how to effectively deliver the news through multiple channels. They will learn how to seamlessly plan and integrate various formats to translate information through print, broadcast, and online outlets to reach varying audiences under tight deadlines. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 335 — Politics and the Media (3)
This course explores the political importance of mass media, the functions of mass media in a democratic society, and the decisions that are made regarding media from the news desk to the corporation. Students explore citizen reaction to the media, examine past campaigns, learn to report on political functions, and study how elections have changed in the age of the Internet. Students will participate in campaign events, news gathering, and reporting and analyze political news coverage.
COMM 336 — Social Media (3)
This course encompasses the theory and practical relevance of social media such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, and texting. Students examine multiple perspectives about social media’s effects on culture, society, and personal identity formation using a variety of theoretical and practical applications.
COMM 344 — Computer Illustration (3)
This course incorporates Adobe Illustrator software, an industry standard, vector-based drawing application used to create images, designs, logos and single-page layouts for print and online applications. The focus will be on basic concepts of illustration, how to create images with depth, perception, and texture and how to unify them with text into a visually appealing layout. Layout and design will be explored for effective communication. Prerequisite: COMM 233.
COMM 345 — Professional Design for Print and Digital Media (3)
This course focuses on the design and layout of print and digital documents with emphasis on effective messaging. Students will examine professional layouts and use industry standard software, such as InDesign, to apply principles of design, typography, visual organization, and color theory to create compelling layouts for print, presentations, web, and mobile applications. Prerequisite: COMM 233.
COMM 346 — Digital Animation (3)
Visual storytelling through motion graphics, visual effects, and interactivity are the basis for this hands-on production oriented class. Students will create motion graphics and visual effects for video, Web, or mobile devices. Students will develop animation concepts and skills through animating, altering, and composting media in 3D space. Professional animation, with personal expression, is emphasized. Prerequisite: COMM 243.
COMM 354 — Video Field Production (3)
Students will learn basic field production skills and digital editing techniques. Working in teams, students will operate portable cameras at various locations to produce a series of short videos which may include a music video, a dramatic scene, a news story, and so forth. Students will refine their skills in directing, lighting, audio, camera performance, camera work, working in teams, and script writing by moving to other locations while also moving further into postproduction via digital editing. Prerequisite: COMM 131.
COMM 355 — Documentary Video Production (3)
This course combines studio and field production as students learn to craft thoughtful documentaries based on professional video and filmmaking aesthetic traditions. Students will refine their skills in writing, editing, camera work, audio, teamwork, directing, and performance. Students will also learn research skills such as interviewing while learning to craft compelling stories that accurately and fairly reflect historical and/or contemporary situations worthy of preservation and public presentation. Final projects should be of a caliber suitable for submission to juried competitions. Prerequisites: COMM 253, COMM 354.
COMM 356 — Film Narrative (3)
Students will explore different ways that stories are told in film. Beginning with the traditional three-act, Hollywood style, we move on to examine variations on that style as well as revolutionary approaches to filmmaking. Among the approaches that we examine include expressionist, postmodern, and poststructural filmmaking as we view the work of such directors as Alfred Hitchcock, Stanley Kubrick, and David Lynch.
COMM 360 — Storytelling and Reporting (3)
Students will explore the craft of on-camera talent through audio and video storytelling for television and the web, including television studio and field news reporting, sports play-by-play and color commentary, talk show hosting, and more. Social responsibility and ethics for on-camera talent is emphasized. Prerequisites: COMM 253.
COMM 365 — Media Management (3)
Administrative principles and procedures as they apply to the radio and television industry will be explored in this course. Practical problems of management: staffing, sales, ratings, government regulation, license renewal, and engineering requirements will be considered. Prerequisite: COMM 111.
COMM 369 — Web Design and Visual Communications (3)
This web design course focuses on visual communication and information architecture. Students are introduced to design methodologies that enable them to develop effective web sites. Students will explore theories and apply to the web design process, using industry standard software. Topics include site structure development, page organization and design, content design, usability and accessibility, and the use of audio and video in web page design. Prerequisite: COMM 233.
COMM 392 — Copywriting and Ad Design for Traditional Media (3)
Students will learn the fundamentals of creative ideation and strategic ad development by writing and designing consistent messages for traditional media. Students will work to develop professional portfolio pieces for a company of their choice. Prerequisites: COMM 131, COMM 233.
COMM 393 —Copywriting and Ad Design for Electronic Media (3)
This advanced course challenges students interested in copywriting and/or ad design to develop multi-platform, strategically consistent campaigns using electronic media. Students work in a team environment to develop professional portfolio pieces for an assigned Northeastern Pennsylvania company. Prerequisites: COMM 131, COMM 233.
COMM 394 — Media Planning and Buying (3)
The highly specialized task of media planning and buying is examined from a realistic experience as students learn the basics of planning and purchasing media for a specific business within a targeted broadcast market. Working as an advertising agency, students prepare a multimedia marketing presentation and plan for a specific retail business (chosen by the students) within the Northeastern PA marketplace. Prerequisite: COMM 111.
COMM 396 — Branding Technique and Creative Design (3)
This course focuses on creating strong brand identities for companies. Students will analyze successful and failing brands. They will apply theories of consumer behavior and the attraction economy to develop brand strategies and create attractive, unique brand identities, using industry-standard software such as the Adobe Creative Suite. Students will explore various communication techniques such as basic public relations campaigns, viral advertising, social networking, and forums to create innovative forms of branding. Topics also include logo design, packaging, and color. Prerequisites: COMM 131, COMM 233.
COMM 490 — ePortfolio for Mass Communications (1)
Students in this course will expand the ePortfolio developed in COMM 296 to include examples of upper-level work completed in the Mass Communications core and track classes. Students will be evaluated holistically to ensure that competencies within the Mass Communications core and track classes have been achieved. This class is to be taken in the spring semester of the senior year. Prerequisite: Senior status.
COMM 493 — Research Methods in Mass Communications (3)
For this senior-level assessment course in Mass Communications, students work in a team environment with a concentration on the various themes that comprise a general study of mass media’s impact on the quality of human society. Majorswill be required to show superior performance in 1) researching a topic beyond its current level of understanding; 2) presenting said topic within the seminar format; 3) applying communication theory and published research, and 4) writing a final paper including a literature review, methodology, findings, conclusions, implications, and references. Prerequisite: COMM 311.
COMM 497 — Independent Study for Mass Communications (3)
Students develop an advanced, independent research project under the supervision of a full-time faculty member. Senior status is required; open to juniors with permission of the department chair. Students wishing to enroll must submit a brief written proposal with a description of the final project and a timeline to the supervising faculty member and the Department Chair for approval.
COMM 499 — Mass Communications Internship (3)
This requirement of third- and fourth-year majors ensures that they gain practical experience in their area of interest while working with professionals either on- or off-campus. Daily field work with a site supervisor, as well as weekly journals and other written assignments, and conferences with a faculty coordinator to monitor the achievement of learning objectives are required. Students must have a G.P.A. of 2.5 to secure an internship off-campus. Students may take a maximum of six internship credits toward their Mass Communication requirements. Prerequisite: COMM 296. |
If you have done any kind of work with an html editor, than you have probably run into this term.
I actually first heard about it back in the mid 1980's when computers were still quite basic - mainly a storage system or a spreadsheet program that would make users cry today.
WYSIWYG is an acronym.
It stands for: What You See Is What You Get.
What it means is pretty much this:
When using an editor and choosing the font, colors, alignment, text types, etc - usually from a bar across the top of the editor, all of these choices will be shown as you type along.
Your finished product will look like it does as you prepare it.
No surprises - what you see is what you get.
Without this feature, you better know some basic html and the different names for fonts and colors so you can code the webpage and have it look correct.
WYSIWYG makes our life so much easier, and many computer users today don't know what it is like to not have this feature on an editor. |
Sortify is an original BrainPOP game in which students categorize and sort information from BrainPOP movies into bins representing key concepts. With the Musical Instruments data set, students can practice sorting instrument tiles into bin categories such as brass, string, valved, and rhythm. Students earn more points when sorting tiles into bins labeled with more complex concepts, such as the instrument's continent of origin. Students may also earn bonus points for accurately sorting all tiles into only four bins. Scores for Sortify will vary based on the combination and difficulty of the selected bins. Accruing the highest possible score indicates that a student has understood the topic enough to strategically group and categorize key concepts and ideas.
This page provides lesson ideas for BrainPOP's Sortify game. The ideas are adaptable for any subject area and any grade level (K-12.) Learn how the Sortify game can be used as a playful assessment tool or practice activity that requires students to categorize topic-specific tiles into the bins where they belong. See more »
In this lesson plan which is adaptable for grades K-5, students will use BrainPOP resources to become familiar with percussion instruments. They will also practice playing the instruments on a given cue. This lesson plan is aligned to Common Core State Standards. See more »
In this lesson plan, which is adaptable for grades K-3, students use BrainPOP Jr. resources to identify characteristics of woodwind instruments. Students then create and play their own original woodwind instrument. This lesson plan is aligned to Common Core State Standards. See more »
In this lesson plan, which is adaptable for grades K-3, students use BrainPOP Jr. resources to identify and explore characteristics of percussion instruments. Students then create and play their own percussion instrument. This lesson plan is aligned to Common Core State Standards. See more »
In this musical genres lesson plan, which is adaptable for grades K-8, students use BrainPOP resources to conduct independent and/or collaborative research on a selected musical topic. Students will share their research about a musical genre, instrument, musician, or aspect of learning music with the class using web 2.0 tools or other presentation methods. This lesson plan is aligned to Common Core State Standards. See more »
In this set of activities adaptable for grades K-3, parents and educators will find ideas for teaching about musical instruments. These activities are designed to complement the BrainPOP Jr. Musical Instruments topic page, which includes a movie, quizzes, online games, printable activities, and more. See more » |
लोकसभा चुनाव २०१४ में अगर भाजपा २८२ के जबर्दस्त आंकड़े तक पहुंची तो उसमें सबसे बड़ा योगदान उत्तर प्रदेश की उन ७१ सीटों का था जो उसने अपने दम पर जीती थीं। अपना दल की दो सीटों को मिलाकर उत्तर प्रदेश में एनडीए का आंकड़ा ७३ सीट पर जाकर ठहरा।
लेकिन अब हालात २०१४ जैसे नहीं हैं। इन पांच सालों में गंगा, यमुना और गोमती में काफी पानी बह चुका है। इस बार सबकी निगाहें होंगी योगी आदित्यनाथ पर। उत्तर प्रदेश में उनके नेतृत्व में पहला लोकसभा चुनाव है।
२०१७ में मुख्यमंत्री बनने के बाद से अब तक योगी आदित्यनाथ, पार्टी में प्रधानमंत्री नरेंद्र मोदी के बाद सबसे बड़े प्रचारक के तौर पर उभरे हैं। उनकी अपनी खास छवि है। एक फायरब्रांड हिंदुत्ववादी नेता की पहचान, पार्टी को उत्तर प्रदेश में फायदा पहुंचा सकती है।
वो एक सख्त प्रशासक के तौर पर देखे जाते हैं। हालांकि, २०१८ में गोरखपुर, फूलपुर और कैराना में हुए लोकसभा उपचुनाव में योगी को मुंह की खानी पड़ी थी जब सपा-बसपा गठबंधन और राष्ट्रीय लोकदल ने करारी मात दी। वो अपना गढ़ गोरखपुर तक बचाने में असफल रहे। |
KLOO MFL Language Resources for school at
This video looks at KLOO as French and Spanish MFL resources for schools. We look at what language content is contained in a game of KLOO including:
– what word types are learned
– how grammatically correct sentences are made
– how you can learn foreign words as you play through Discovery Learning
– the word themes of each deck.
– how much foreign language knowledge you need to be able to play
00:10 What language do you learn when playing KLOO?
00:17 Deal 7 cards
00:28 To start a sentence play a red card first
00:32 Play with Pronouns and Verbs
00:36 How to built a foreign sentence by following coloured arrows
00:46 Using Nouns and articles
00:53 Using adjectives
00:59 Connectives and conjunctions
01:09 Gender Agreement
01:14 Expressions and Phrases
01:18 Clues to translate foreign words and build vocabulary
01:22 Using Discovery Learning to build vocabulary
01:35 How much language do you need to know to play KLOO?
01:48 What foreign vocabulary will you learn?
01:55 Learn French, Spanish and Italian vocabulary about People
01:58 Learn French, Spanish and Italian vocabulary about Places
02:00 Learn French, Spanish and Italian vocabulary about Clothes
02:02 French, Spanish and Italian vocabulary about Everyday Objects
02:05 French, Spanish and Italian vocabulary about Everyday Eating & Drinking
VIDEO TRANSCRIPT KLOO MFL Resource for Schools
What do you learn when playing KLOO? Let’s take a look.
In most games of KLOO, you are dealt seven cards. To score points, you need to make a foreign sentence. The longer the sentence, the more you score. But it’s really easy.
To start your sentence, you play a red card. With red cards, we get to play with pronouns and verbs.
To build your sentence, you just need to follow the colojured arrows. So we are learning grammar too.
So we play a blue card next. That’s a noun with its article in agreement. We can play yellow or green card next.
We’re going to play yellow. That’s an adjective.
Now, a greed card. Green cards are connected to make our sentence longer.
We can now play another blue card now, and another yellow. There’s more gender agreement here.
We can also play a purple card here. So we learn great expressions too.
We also get clues to translate words we don’t know. In this way, we use discovery learning to build vocabulary as we play. You would score a lot of points for this sentence, and learned a lot of language too. And this is just one hand.
How much language do you need in order to start playing KLOO? None. You can play and learn as an absolute beginner, or even if you’re more advanced. Just be ready for how fast you learn.
What about vocabulary? What sort of words will you learn? Each deck covers particular language themes such as people, places, clothes, everyday objects and eating and drinking. And with every deck, you can make three million sentences. That’s a lot of language and a lot of fun.
KLOO, the multi-award winning MFL game that packs a lot of language.
Find out more
To browse games visit
About KLOO as an MFL Resource
KLOO provides fun language resources and games for schools. In the UK KLOO games are ideal for key stage 2 and key stage 3 French and Spanish. KLOO language Games are available in French, Spanish and Italian.
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By Casey Bukro
Fake news might have proved more interesting to readers than the factual stuff.
This sobering thought has churned angst over whether social-media falsehoods contributed to Donald Trump’s presidential victory, not to mention whether the upset win could have been foreseen.
News consumers tend to believe reports that support their personal beliefs — an effect that psychologists call confirmation bias. People like to believe they’re right. In the election run-up, they clicked their way across the internet to prove it.
As President-elect Trump selects the people who’ll help him govern, observers are picking through the rubble trying to understand the forces behind a Republican victory. Here our concern is news-media accuracy and ethics.
Let’s start with something basic. What is fake news?
“Pure fiction,” says Jackie Spinner, assistant professor of journalism at Columbia College Chicago, appearing on WTTW-Channel 11 in Chicago in a “Chicago Tonight” program devoted to separating fact from fiction in internet news feeds.
“It’s something made up,” adds Spinner. “It’s fake.”
But as the WTTW program points out, “fake news is on the rise, and it’s real news.” Some false reports, such as campaign endorsements from Pope Francis, survived many a news cycle.
People like to believe they’re right. In the election run-up, they clicked their way across the internet to prove it.
A sophisticated consumer carefully examines the veracity of news reports and the reliability of their sources. But how much can a reader or viewer verify? Sharing the news on social networks heightens the concern.
“People want to feel good about what they think about the world,” explains Spinner. This might seem benign, but it brings impact to specious reports.
“Confirmation bias confirms what you think, and you look for information that confirms what you think about the world,” says Spinner.
Don’t expect the younger generation to act any better. According to a Stanford study, preteens and teenagers don’t know when news is fake. “They’re often clueless about evaluating the accuracy and trustworthiness of what they find” on social media, writes Sue Shellenbarger in the Wall Street Journal. They absorb social media reports without considering the source.
Craig Silverman, who covers hoaxes and online misinformation for Buzzfeed, reports that the top fake election news stories generated more reactions or comments on Facebook than top election stories from mainstream media.
Silverman compared the top 20 legitimate news stories with the top 20 fake news stories in three three-month periods, beginning in February 2016 and ending on election day. In the beginning, mainstream news beat the fake news. But by election day, fake news got more attention and reaction. Of the 20 fake news stories, he writes, “all but three were overtly pro-Donald Trump or anti-Hillary Clinton.”
Facebook, Google and Twitter were criticized for influencing the outcome of the election by giving a platform to fake and misleading news stories, and by profiting from paid advertising associated with those stories. Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said it’s “crazy” to say fake news determined the election, but vowed to make changes.
Responsibility for correcting or controlling false reports lies with media and internet companies, says Edward Lee, professor of law at Chicago-Kent College of Law, appearing on the “Chicago Tonight” broadcast.
A sophisticated consumer carefully examines the veracity of news reports and the reliability of their sources. But how much can a reader or viewer verify?
On National Public Radio’s “On the Media” program, Silverman admits that his analysis is based on data from Facebook.
Moderator Brooke Gladstone notes that Facebook last summer tweaked its algorithm to make it more responsive to people’s personal networks and their personal interests, and that heightened engagement with fake news. So is that a media problem, a Facebook problem or a human problem? she asks.
“Maybe it’ll sound like a copout but I’m gonna check all three boxes,” answers Silverman, but adds that he sees no evidence that fake news gave Trump the election.
Facebook and Google are taking steps to stop ads from appearing on fake news sites. A CNN online story by Ivana Kottasova reports the two tech giants no longer will allow fake news sites to use their ad-selling services.
The Washington Post suggests that fake news stories were a problem throughout the presidential campaign. “We’re not talking about reports that are merely flawed or thinly sourced,” wrote Callum Borchers. “We’re talking about stuff that is completely made up.”
Bochers cites examples of bogus stories: Donald Trump is dead, Hillary Clinton will be indicted, a postal worker in Ohio is destroying absentee ballots cast for Trump, President Obama is thinking about fleeing the country if Trump wins and an FBI agent investigating Clinton died under suspicious circumstances.
As for sources, Borchers describes one, a fake news site named WorldPoliticus. It’s one of more than 100 pro-Trump websites originating from one town in Macedonia.
Taking an anti-establishment stance with fake news and innuendo can make you rich, according to another Washington Post article by Terrence McCoy. He describes how two former unemployed restaurant workers created LibertyWritersNews, a website that got 300,000 Facebook followers in October alone.
“We’re the new yellow journalists,” says one of them, Paris Wade. He caters to an audience that “does not trust mainstream media,” hooking it with short messages of violence, chaos and aggressive wording, “what people are attracted to.”
The New York Times describes “How Fake News Goes Viral: A Case Study.” It traces how a false report about protesters being bused to demonstrations against president-elect Trump fueled a nationwide conspiracy theory.
Another Times article reposts “a barrage of false articles on social media and fake news sites” saying a Washington pizzaria was a front for a child-trafficking ring led by Hillary Clinton and her campaign chief, John Podesta.
The Columbia Journalism Review gave an election postmortem citing reporting as the root of “journalism’s fundamental failure.” Later it produced a massive oral history of campaign coverage in partnership with The Guardian US. The Trump election, says the report, “upended much of America — not least the establishment press.”
Finally there’s this comment from Margaret Sullivan, Washington Post media columnist: “The worst of the media is on full display, as if someone had set out to show just how terrible we hacks could look in these last moments before Election Day.
“To be sure, some great journalism has been published over the course of the campaign. But it largely had been drowned out by the unsavory.”
A Chicago writer recently told me that the staff of his newspaper was gathered together to talk about how to cover the Trump presidency. There was a sense of a new beginning and a need for reassessment of strategy, by going back to the basics of fairness, accuracy, objectivity and neutrality. It is a time for soul-searching.
This sense of a new beginning also is reflected in an open letter to Trump from the National Press Club, co-signed by 28 other American media organizations.
“We, a group of diverse journalism associations representing thousands of journalists from the nation’s capital to every corner of the country, begin this letter on a hopeful note,” said the letter written by Thomas Burr, National Press Club president. “Your administration is a blank slate and we are eager to work with you to perpetuate one of this nation’s great strengths: our freedom of the press.”
The letter calls for continuation of presidential press pools covering “all of the president’s movements,” regular press conferences and open access to key decision-makers “for the sake of transparency.” Rapid response to Freedom of Information requests also was mentioned, “as a way to show the American people, and the world, that the republic belongs to the people.”
“A great America depends on having sunlight on its leaders,” the letter concluded.
It sets a conciliatory and hopeful tone. Possibly Trump will respond in kind. In a meeting with the New York Times, he called the newspaper a “great American jewel,” adding, “I hope we can all get alone.”
This is a step back from his media-bashing statements during the election campaign. All involved appear to be willing to hit the reset button.
It’s a good time to be a journalist. There’s more than enough real news to go around.
Edited by Stephen Rynkiewicz. Comment below in the “Leave a Reply” box. For advice from our ethics advisers, submit a question. |
होम पंचायतीराज पंचायतिराज प्रदेश में जिला पंचायतों द्वारा किसी भी प्रकार के शुल्क, राजस्व, कर, रायल्टी आदि की वसूली हेतु लगाये गये बैैरियर को प्रतिबंधित किये जाने संबंधी दिशा-निर्देश के अनुपालन के संबंध में,शासनादेश देखें,
प्रदेश में जिला पंचायतों द्वारा किसी भी प्रकार के शुल्क, राजस्व, कर, रायल्टी आदि की वसूली हेतु लगाये गये बैैरियर को प्रतिबंधित किये जाने संबंधी दिशा-निर्देश के अनुपालन के संबंध में,शासनादेश देखें,
प्रदेश में जिला पंचायतों द्वारा किसी भी प्रकार के शुल्क, राजस्व, कर, रायल्टी आदि की वसूली हेतु लगाये गये बैैरियर को प्रतिबंधित किये जाने संबंधी दिशा-निर्देश के अनुपालन के संबंध में,शासनादेश देखें, |
राम और सीता को एक आदर्श जोड़े के रूप में चित्रित किया जाता है, किसी तरह मानव असफलताओं से ऊपर, लेकिन उनके रिश्ते का भी एक मानवीय पहलू है।
संयोग नहीं है। यह संस्कारी फिल्म निर्माता जो महान भारतीय पारिवारिक परंपरा को कायम रखना पसंद करता है, वह हमेशा सूरज बड़जात्या की लगभग सभी फिल्मों में रामायण का रूपक होना कोई अपनी प्रमुख जोड़ी को सच्चरित्र पात्रों के रूप में चित्रित करता है। वे आत्मबलिदानी होते हैं, कभी कोई गलती नहीं करते और सिर्फ १०० प्रतिशत एक्स्ट्रा वर्जिन प्यार करते हैं जिसके सामने सबसे महंगा ऑलिव ऑइल भी कुछ नहीं। वे ऐसा व्यवहार इसलिए करते हैं क्योंकि वे राम और सीता के आदर्श जोड़े की नकल करने की कोशिश कर रहे होते हैं। दरअसल, हर भारतीय जोड़े से इसी तरह का व्यवहार करने की उम्मीद की जाती है।
ध्यान दीजिए कि कैसे घरों में सिर्फ रामायण पढ़ी जाती है महाभारत नहीं क्योंकि हम चाहते हैं कि हमारी औरतें पापहीन सीता जैसा बर्ताव करे ना की उत्साही पांचाली जैसा। |
Editor’s Note: The following is the winning essay in the 2021 American Heritage Scholarship Series essay contest. It was written by Oakdale High student Emma Lowe, who wrote on this year’s topic: Mandatory vaccine mandates.
In the 1700s, a deadly epidemic hit the United States, killing 3 out of every 10 people infected and leaving the survivors with painful sores and large scars. This virus was smallpox, a disease that was seemingly unpreventable at the time; that was until a British doctor named Edward Jenner created the first vaccine in 1796 (CDC, “History of Smallpox”). Using material from the similar, but much less deadly virus, cowpox, Jenner inoculated his patients with the first ever vaccine. The shot effectively immunized them against the fatal smallpox. After successful vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, the World Health Assembly declared that the disease had been eradicated globally in December 1980 (“Smallpox”). The use of vaccines has expanded greatly, with commonly used vaccines for chickenpox, influenza, measles, and polio saving countless lives every year. Such childhood immunizations are even required at most public and private schools before students can attend.
In January of 2020, a new virus hit the nation, called COVID-19; a respiratory illness that would spread like wildfire across 50 states and the rest of the world, shutting down businesses and trapping millions of citizens in their houses for months. But, because of the modern day widespread use and study of vaccines, pharmaceutical and virology research companies were able to produce a vaccine in record time, less than a year after the initial outbreak. Millions of Americans rushed to get vaccinated in order to stop the spread of this virus and to protect themselves. However, even now, with over 181 million Americans fully vaccinated against COVID 19, the virus continues to spread throughout our country.
So what is the problem? An anti-vaccine movement led to only 55.2% of the nation being fully vaccinated, allowing the virus to continue spreading and mutating among the other 44.8% of unvaccinated Americans (Mayo Clinic, “U.S. COVID-19 Vaccine Tracker”). The question then becomes: Does the government have the constitutional right to mandate vaccines, and if they do, should they? Vaccine mandates can be simplified to the questions of why, what, and who. Or in other words: Why should the COVID-19 vaccine be mandated? In addition, what level of government should be the one to issue the mandate, federal or state? And who, if anyone, should receive exemptions? Current science, as well as historic precedent regarding the U.S. Constitution, has shown the answers to these questions: in order to prevent the spread of the Coronavirus, vaccines should be mandated on the state level with little to no religious or philosophical exemptions.
The question of why there should be a vaccine mandate in the first place can be answered by looking at the evolution of the COVID virus throughout the past year and a half. According to the Associated Press, unvaccinated individuals accounted for about 99.9% of current COVID-19 hospitalizations (Johnson, “Nearly All COVID Deaths in US Are Now Among Unvaccinated”). So, the need for a vaccine mandate is clear when looking at these numbers, as the virus will never be under control with so many hospitalization-level cases. As well as preventing hospitalizations, the vaccines have been proven to be 95% effective in protecting against the virus in those who are vaccinated; as stated by Erwin Chemerinsky, the Dean of University of California Berkeley School of Law, in the video lecture, “If there are one hundred people who are unvaccinated who get COVID, five who are vaccinated would get COVID” Meaning that, in addition to greatly lowering the chances of contracting the virus, the COVID vaccine also makes breakthrough cases far less severe.
So if vaccines are really this effective, why do people refuse to get them? One possible explanation was the concern surrounding the Food and Drug Administration’s Emergency Use Authorization, rather than full approval, of the first COVID vaccines. Some individuals claimed to not trust what they viewed as a “rushed” approval process. But with the full FDA approval of the Pfizer vaccine issued in August of 2021, there are still many holdouts. It has become more obvious than ever that the main reason for being unvaccinated is not health or safety related, but rather it is political.
Regardless of the reason for a person’s vaccine hesitation, the necessity and constitutionality of a vaccine mandate is clear. Making the next question: Should mandates be enforced at the federal level, or if it is best left to each state to decide? Although many people have called for a federal mandate, as it would provide one unified national response to the problem, the US Constitution, and precedent better support mandates at the state level. Obviously the Constitution, a document created in 1776, doesn’t explicitly mention the government’s power to mandate vaccines, so we instead must apply constitutional principles to modern problems. One part of the Constitution that points towards mandates at the state versus the federal level is the Tenth Amendment, which states that, “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people” (U.S. Constitution, amend. 10).
Often cited in states’ rights arguments, this amendment gives individual states the power to make decisions about problems not specifically mentioned in the Constitution based on what is best for their residents. Then the argument becomes: are vaccine mandates within the power of the state governments, or do they infringe on personal liberties? The Supreme Court Case Jacobson v. Massachusetts sets the precedent for this issue, declaring that, “It is within the police power of a state to enact a compulsory vaccination law”(1905). This integral case limits the power of the individual when their actions can have a negative effect on those around them. This essentially means citizens must sacrifice some of their individual liberty in the name of the “common good”.
Despite many workplaces already requiring employees to be vaccinated for COVID, some companies have gotten around these requirements by allowing religious or medical exemptions. These kinds of exemptions have existed long before the COVID-19 vaccine though. In some states, schools allow students to remain unvaccinated for different reasons: all fifty states allow medical exemptions, forty-five states allow religious exemptions, and nineteen allow philosophical or personal belief exemptions (Findlaw, “School Vaccine Exemption Laws by State). But, key Supreme Court cases like Oregon v Smith cement the idea that states do not legally have to provide vaccine exemptions to their residents. The Smith case stated that a law does not violate an individual’s First Amendment rights, “If the law is not specifically directed to religious practice and is otherwise constitutional as applied to those who engage in the specified act for nonreligious reasons” (1990). So, a state government could legally issue a vaccine mandate without allowing for religious or philosophical exemptions, as long as the mandate is not specifically targeting any individuals based on their religious beliefs.
Although there is a great deal of legal backing for states’ rights to mandate the COVID vaccine, many people still oppose that plan. Some believe that it would be infringing on their personal freedom and bodily autonomy. But there are already laws in place that effectively place public safety over the rights of individuals, including the aforementioned immunization mandates for children in schools and seatbelt laws. Mandating seatbelts may seem very different from mandating vaccines, but there are similarities between the two. There was a similar pushback to the 1986 seat belt laws, including some of the same arguments used against COVID vaccines about personal liberty and individual rights. In the Iowa Supreme Court case of State v Hartog, Hartog claimed that requiring seat belts violated his Fourteenth Amendment right to privacy, and exceeded the police power of a state. But the court ruled against him, stating that the law was constitutional (1989). This further contributed to precedent declaring that public health and wellness mandates are, in fact, constitutional.
One argument against leaving the power to mandate vaccines with individual states is that many would choose not to enact vaccine requirements or a state could create very weak rules. This is supported by the fact that as of September 16, 2021, only 10 states in the union have reimposed mask mandates, even though COVID cases are back on the rise, with a current weekly average of 146,182 cases, even though mask-wearing has been proven to help prevent the spread of the virus (CDC, “Vaccinations > Variants”). However, the Spending Power clause of the Constitution gives the federal government the ability to promote states vaccine mandates by providing grants to those states that create COVID vaccine mandates (“The Federal Spending Power”). In this way, the federal government plays its role in eradicating the virus by incentivizing the creation of mandates at the state level.
Vaccine mandates are effective in preventing illness and protecting public health. They also have strong legal backing in both federal and state courts. Furthermore, the Constitution illustrates that these vaccines should be mandated at the state, rather than the federal, level without religious or philosophical exemptions; mandates are supported by the Tenth Amendment as well as Supreme Court cases like Jacobson v Massachusetts and Smith v Oregon. As Thomas Jefferson once said, “In questions of power, let no more be heard of confidence in man, but bind him down from mischief by the chains of the constitution” (Fair Copy of the Kentucky Resolutions of 1798). Whenever there is a dispute about power with regards to people versus the government, individual opinions should not guide decisions. Instead, citizens should trust the Constitution to lead them on the path towards the greater good. |
Rise of the Carolingians
Lecture no. 13 from the course: The Early Middle Ages
Taught by Professor Philip Daileader | 30 min | Categories: The Great Courses Plus Online History Courses
The Carolingians finally depose the last Merovingian king in 751 A.D., bring all of Francia under their control, and even begin to intervene in Italy, reversing the power balance established during the Roman Empire. |
मैक्स मोबाइल ने ड्युल सिम के साथ वॉयस कॉल सपोर्ट टैब ७२२ टैबलेट लांच किया है वो भी सिर्फ ८,००० रुपए में, टैब ७२२ में ७ इंच की डब्लूवीजिए स्क्रीन दी गई है जो 4८0क्स८00 रेज्यूलूशन सपोर्ट करती है मैक्स ७२२ टैब में पॉवर के लिए १ गीगाहर्ट का मीडिया टेक म्त65७5 प्रोसेसर और 5१2 एमबी रैम दी गई है। यूजर टैबलेट में एक साथ दो नेटर्वक का प्रयोग कर सकता है।
४ जीबी की इंटरनल मैमोरी को माइक्रोएसडी कार्ड की मदद से ३२ जीबी तक एक्पेंड कर सकते हैं। कैमरा फीचरों पर नजर डालें तो टैब ७२२ में ३ मेगापिक्सल का रियर और १.३ मेगापिक्सल फ्रंट कैमरा दिया गया है। एंड्रायड ४.०.४ आईस्क्रीम सैंडविच ओएस दिया गया है। कनेक्टीवीटी के लिए यूजर टैब में ब्लूटूथ, वाईफाई, जीपीएस, माइक्रोयूएसबी और ३जी सपोर्ट दिया गया है।
८,००० रुपए की वाजिब कीमत को देखते हुए टैब ७२२ में दिए गए फीचर को वैल्यू फॅार मनी कहा जा सकता है। मैक्स मोबाइल इससे पहले भी कई बजट स्मार्टफोन लांच कर चुका है। |
जनप्रतिनिधि : ये वो शब्द है जिसके बिना लोकतन्त्र कुछ भी नहीं हो सकता। एक नागरिक अपना काम मस्त होकर करे खुशी खुशी भयरहित, भेदभाव रहित, उसको वो तमाम सुविधाएं मिले, सुरक्षा मिले, भय रहित उसका ईलाका, प्रांत, और देश मिले जो उसने अपने वोट के अधिकार के तहत एक उस व्यक्ति को साझा रूप से सभी नागरिकों ने सौंप दी है। इस प्रोसेस का नाम है चुनाव इसी चुनाव से आया है और आता है लोकतन्त्र ये ही है लोकतन्त्र का दंगल। और हम इसी सिस्टम से गवर्न हो रहे हैं हम सब। इन सभी का आधार है हमारा कानून और संविधान जो हम सभी नागरिकों की पसंद से है। जो हम सभी के लिए है। कानून और संविधान की नजरों में हम सभी नागरिक समान हैं।
हम द्वारा चुने हुये प्रतिनधि जिनकों हम पार्षद, विधायक और एम. पी. यानि लोकसभा सदस्य कहते हैं। इस सिस्टम को चलाते हैं। सिस्टम को चलाने के लिए एक बॉडी होती है जिसका नाम है सरकार ये सरकार इसी कानून और संविधान के तहत चलती है।
इसको चलाने के लिए हजारों लाखों कर्मचारी होते हैं और अलग अलग सिविल सेवाओं के तहत अधिकारी चुने जाते हैं। इसका धन आता है जनता द्वारा चुकाए टैक्स से। यानि जनता के धन से ही चलती है सरकार। सरकार खुद भी आय के साधन जुटाती है।
इस तरह से नेता, अधिकारी और कर्मचारी मिलकर सरकार नाम के सिस्टम सयुंक्त रूप से चलाते हैं। जो की उस देश और प्रांत के नागरिकों के लिए काम करती है। ये लोग कोई गलत काम नहीं करे, सभी को न्याय मिले कोई किसी का हक नहीं छीने इसके लिए अलग से न्यायपालिका की स्थापना की गई है। इसमें न्याय करने वाले व्यक्ति को जज या न्यायाधीश नाम दिया गया है। जज या न्यायाधीश जहां बैठता है उसको कहते हैं कोर्ट न्यायल्य।
ऐसे ही जैसे हम जनता में किसान, मजदूर, डाक्टर आदी अनेक वर्ग होते हैं।
इस तरह से जनता और सरकार है। जनता ने सरकार को बनाया। और सरकार जनता के लिए है।
वो जन कल्याण और जनता की बेहतरी के लिए काम करती है।
पर आज क्या हो रहा है। म्प & म्ला & पार्षद कौन है, कौन जीतता है। सब का सब धन बल, भुज बल, साम दाम दंड भेद का खेल हो गया है। हम जनता को इन्हीं लोगों को अपना काम करने के लिए रिश्वत देनी पड़ती है ऐसा इन लोगों ने सिस्टम बना दिया है। ईमानदारी से काम करने वाले की पूछ कम होती जा रही है चाहे वो जनता से हो या शासन प्रशासन पर समाज टिका इन्हीं लोगों पर है। हालत ये हैं की ९०% संसाधन और धन इन्हीं १०% लोगों के पास है। हम ९०% इनकी नजर में गुलाम और कीड़े हैं। ऐसा क्यूँ। बदल दो सिस्टम एक वोट से। एक वोट के अलावा हमारे पास कोई विकल्प नहीं हैं। जयपुर से हम इसकी शुरुआत करते हैं। जयपुर को विश्व सबसे बेस्ट लोकतान्त्रिक पोलिटिकल डेस्टीनेशन बनाते हैं।
जनता को जगाना और अपनी पसंद को चुनने पर फिर से सोच विचार की जरूरत है। जनता के दिमाग और सोच को मार्केट के तहत दिग्भ्रमित किया जा रहा है। सपने दिखाकर हकीकत से दूर किया जा रहा है।
जो सिस्टम केवल और केवल जनता की वजह से और जनता के लिए है। वो क्यूँ और कैसे चंद लोगों की आँख मिचोली बना दिया गया है। |
The Great Lakes Poets
World famous for its stunning landscapes, rugged fells and beautiful lakes, it is little wonder the Lake District, Cumbria inspired some of England’s most famous poets to write some of their best works.
William Wordsworth, the Lake District´s best known son, and Samuel Taylor Coleridge penned some of their most famous works while living in the Lakes at the end of the 18th Century.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge had already written ´The Rhyme of the Ancient Mariner´ and ´Kubla Khan´ by the time he was persuaded by Wordsworth to move to the Lake District.
Wordsworth was born in Cockermouth in 1770 and was educated at Hawkshead Grammar School, along with brother. The school is still open to the public, and the poet´s initials can be seen carved on his original desk. Wordsworth went on to complete his education at Cambridge University, before travelling widely with Coleridge who became a great friend of the poet.
Both poets decided to return to the Lake District to live, and found great inspiration from the countryside, and the landscapes to write some of their most famous poems.
Wordsworth was much more political than many people realised, and he had firm ideas about the conservation of the Lake District and of the damage a direct rail link to Windermere may bring to his beloved home. He feared that mass tourism would change the Lakes forever and his romantic poetry was an answer to the industrial revolution.
He campaigned to keep the railways from destroying the region, and much of his poetry reflected his love for the Lakes. His best known poem is ´Daffodils´ – often referred to as ´I wandered Lonely as a Cloud´ which he was inspired to write while out walking with his sister, Dorothy in Ullswater.
Wordsworth turned down the position of Poet Laureate several times as he did not want to write to order, but eventually accepted the post when he was in his seventies. The poet stuck to his principles however, and never wrote a piece of official poetry. Wordsworth died in 1850, aged 80.
Coleridge´s life went from bad to worse in the Lake District after his marriage failed and he turned to opium. He left the area in 1803 and never fully recovered. He had co-written ´Lyrical Ballads´ during his time in the Lakes, but Coleridge suffered from mental health problems later in life associated with his opium use.
Robert Southey was the brother-in-law of Coleridge and a well-known poet in his own right. He was Poet Laureate from 1813 until his death in 1843 when Wordsworth took the post. Southey was very close to Coleridge´s children, and he wrote the children´s story, ´The Three Bears´ for them.
Wordsworth´s house, Dove Cottage is still open to the public in Grasmere, and is now a museum, which celebrates the lives of the Lakeland poets. Visitors can see manuscripts by Matthew Arnold and Thomas de Quincey who later lived in the cottage. Quincey was famous for his ´Confessions of an English Opium Eater´ which is ironic, as he later succumbed to this addiction.
The inspiration for many of Beatrix Potter´s tales, Hill Top Farm is the 17th Century farmhouse where the author bought in 1905. It was initially used as a holiday home and later a permanent residence. Many of her ´treasures´ are still on display, and Hill Top Farm was the model for Samuel Whiskers illustrations and many others included in her books.
If you are planning to explore the Lake District and walk in the footsteps of the region´s former famous poets and writers, check out the incredible choice of romantic cottages and spa hotels in Windermere. |
One of the first way to reduce food waste is making sure you’re storing food the right way to reduce it going bad too soon. So here are tips for how to reduce food waste by keeping produce fresh.
First of all, certain fruits and veggies should not be stored in the fridge at all, including tomatoes, bananas, avocados, onions, garlic, eggplants, peppers, potatoes, cucumbers, winter squash and most summer melons. That should free up some space in your crisper already!
- Moisture and freezing are your enemies.
- Your greens need a certain amount of airflow.
- Whole heads of lettuce will last far longer than loose-leaf salad greens.
- Keep your greens dry with paper towels. This is one of the few times when paper towels are invaluable, so use them without guilt — don’t substitute tea towels because they’re too heavy. Replacing ruined fresh greens is more expensive than a couple of paper towels, and they’re compostable, anyway.
- Always store your greens in the vegetable crisper drawer of your fridge, where temps are a bit warmer and humidity is a bit higher. Avoid the back of the fridge proper because that’s the spot where accidental freezing is most likely to happen. Frozen lettuce = liquified lettuce. Gross.
Storing Loose-Leaf Greens
Wash the greens in a bowl full of cold water (even if they’re “pre-washed”) and pick out any rotten leaves. Dry the greens thoroughly, preferably in a salad spinner, which removes excess water without bruising the greens.
If you don’t have a salad spinner, spread the washed greens out on paper towels, loosely roll them up in a cylinder, and gently pat them dry. Discard, reuse or compost the damp towels.
Then line the bottom of a perforated storage container (best) or plastic produce bag with one dry paper towel. Loosely tumble your greens into the container, and cover them with a second dry paper towel. Close and store it in the vegetable crisper bin of your fridge. Replace the paper towels when they become damp or stained, about once every two or three days.
Also search out and discard any leaves that are going rotten. This will keep the rest of the greens from following suit. We’ve all heard the saying about one bad apple in the barrel: unless it’s removed, it’ll infect all the healthy ones.
Properly stored, you can expect loose-leaf greens to last approximately seven to ten days.
Storing Whole Heads of Lettuce
Don’t wash until ready to use. Leave the head intact and wrap in dry paper towels, which will absorb excess moisture. Place in a perforated storage container or plastic produce bag and store in the vegetable crisper bin in your fridge. Once every two or three days, replace any dampened or stained paper towels with dry ones.
Properly stored, and depending on the type of lettuce, you can expect whole heads of lettuce to last approximately one to three weeks. Those with dense, tight heads, like Iceberg, last the longest.
- Slightly wilted greens can be revived to crispness by soaking them in an ice water bath for a few minutes.
- Another advantage to whole heads of lettuce: if the outer leaves start to go bad, simply peel those leaves off and compost them. The inner leaves should still be perfectly edible.
- Since greens can bruise so easily, a perforated storage container is preferable to a bag, which can get squashed against other items.
- If you do use a bag, blow some air into it before loosely twisting off the opening, and give the greens inside a shake so they’re nice and loose. The air will keep the bag inflated, allowing for better airflow and protection from squishing.
- Trust your instincts: if it smells gross or looks slimy, replace it or compost it.
- The longest-lasting lettuce varieties are Romaine and Iceberg. They tend to stay fresh longer than any other.
Grow Your Own and Avoid Storage Altogether
If you eat salads every day, consider growing your own salad greens. They’re super easy (even in the winter) and, trust me, there’s nothing like eating a salad of freshly harvested greens still warm from the sun. Then you can avoid messing around with storage altogether! Take a few moments to select just the mature outer leaves to harvest instead of cutting out an entire head. Leave the crown intact, and it’ll grow back indefinitely.
You can also extend the life of certain grocery store veggies by regrowing them from their bases. Romaine lettuce, celery, green onions, leeks, lemongrass and fennel can be magically regrown from their roots in a glass of water.
More information how to keep produce fresh longer check out this article |
मुंबई ३० मार्च(वार्ता) अपने दमदार और संजीदा अभिनय से सिने प्रेमियों के दिलों पर छा जाने वाली ट्रेजडी क्वीन मीना कुमारी को उनके पिता अनाथालय छोड़ आये थे।
एक अगस्त १९३२ का दिन था।
मुंबई में एक क्लीनिक के बाहर मास्टर अली बक्श नाम के शख्स बड़ी बेसब्री से अपनी तीसरी औलाद के जन्म का इंतजार कर रहे थे।
दो बेटियों के जन्म लेने के बाद वह इस बात की दुआ कर रहे थे कि अल्लाह इस बार बेटे का मुंह दिखा दे।
तभी अंदर से बेटी होने की खबर आयी तो वह माथा पकड़ कर बैठ गये।
मास्टर अली बख्श ने तय किया कि वह बच्ची को घर नहीं ले जायेंगे और वह बच्ची को अनाथालय छोड़ आये लेकिन बाद में उनकी पत्नी के आंसुओं ने बच्ची को अनाथालय से घर लाने के लिये उन्हें मजबूर कर दिया।
बच्ची का चांद सा माथा देखकर उसकी मां ने उसका नाम रखा माहजबीं।
बाद में यही माहजबीं फिल्म इंडस्ट्री में मीना कुमारी के नाम से मशहूर हुयीं।
वर्ष १९३९ मे बतौर बाल कलाकार मीना कुमारी को विजय भटृ की लेदरफेस में काम करने का मौका मिला।
वर्ष १९५२ मे मीना कुमारी को विजय भटृ के निर्देशन में ही बैजू बावरा में काम करने का मौका मिला।
फिल्म की सफलता के बाद मीना कुमारी बतौर अभिनेत्री फिल्म इंडस्ट्री में अपनी पहचान बनाने में सफल हो गयीं।
वर्ष १९५२ में मीना कुमारी ने फिल्म निर्देशक कमाल अमरोही के साथ शादी कर ली।
वर्ष १९६२ मीना कुमारी के सिने कैरियर का अहम पड़ाव साबित हुआ।
इस वर्ष उनकी आरती, मैं चुप रहूंगी तथा साहिब बीबी और गुलाम जैसी फिल्में प्रदर्शित हुयीं।
इसके साथ ही इन फिल्मों के लिये वह सर्वश्रेष्ठ अभिनेत्री के फिल्म फेयर पुरस्कार के लिये नामित की गयी।
यह फिल्म फेयर के इतिहास मे पहला ऐसा मौका था जहां एक अभिनेत्री को फिल्म फेयर के तीन नोमिनेशन मिले थे।
वर्ष १९६४ में मीना कुमारी और कमाल अमरोही की विवाहित जिंदगी में दरार आ गयी।
इसके बाद मीना कुमारी और कमाल अमरोही अलग-अलग रहने लगे।
कमाल अमरोही की फिल्म पाकीजा के निर्माण में लगभग चौदह वर्ष लग गये।
कमाल अमरोही से अलग होने के बावजूद मीना कुमारी ने शूटिंग जारी रखी क्योंकि उनका मानना था कि पाकीजा जैसी फिल्मों में काम करने का मौका बार-बार नहीं मिल पाता है ।
मीना कुमारी के करियर में उनकी जोड़ी अशोक कुमार के साथ काफी पसंद की गयी।
मीना कुमारी को उनके बेहतरीन अभिनय के लिये चार बार फिल्म फेयर के सर्वश्रेष्ठ अभिनेत्री के पुरस्कार से नवाजा गया है।
इनमें बैजू बावरा, परिणीता, साहिब बीबी और गुलाम तथा काजल शामिल है।
मीना कुमारी यदि अभिनेत्री नहीं होती तो शायर के रूप में अपनी पहचान बनातीं।
हिंदी फिल्मों के जाने माने गीतकार और शायर गुलजार से एक बार मीना कुमारी ने कहा,ये जो एक्टिंग मैं करती हूं उसमें एक कमी है।
ये फन, ये आर्ट मुझसे नहीं जन्मा है।
ख्याल दूसरे का, किरदार किसी का और निर्देशन किसी का।
मेरे अंदर से जो जन्मा है, वह लिखती हूं जो मैं कहना चाहती हूं वह लिखती हूं।
मीना कुमारी ने अपनी वसीयत में अपनी कविताएं छपवाने का जिम्मा गुलजार को दिया जिसे उन्होंने नाज उपनाम से छपवाया।
लगभग तीन दशक तक अपने संजीदा अभिनय से दर्शकों के दिल पर राज करने वाली हिन्दी सिने जगत की महान अभिनेत्री मीना कुमारी ३१ मार्च १९७२ को सदा के लिये अलविदा कह गयीं। |
As school begins for most students over the next few weeks, I am reminding myself of those common errors many students make on their homework. So here are a few, not in any particular order. They all make me twitch madly.
Lead/led. Did you know that “led” is the past tense of the verb “lead”? Neither do many of your fellow students. Some of them might include the following phrase in their homework: “He felt lead to talk to the judge.” Well, I get stumped. He felt lead? Does it mean he felt like lead, thus making it hard to walk? Or perhaps he reached out and rubbed some lead, which then inspired him to go talk to a judge (who probably should have tossed him out of court for going around feeling lead).
Him/her, he/she. I know many college professors will contradict what I say here. When referring to a generic person in their writing, students may feel led (!) to say “him/her” instead of just “him.” This caves in to that politically correct rubbish that wants to give equal treatment to men and women in all forms of communication. First, please remember that as a woman, NOT politically correct, I will never take offense at someone who uses “he” instead of “he/she.” Second, remember that the generic person about whom we write is a human, part of the human race, and “he” used in place of “he/she” suffices to cover all of humanity. So does “she,” if you must. I do, however, warn my students that when they get to university, they will have to follow the directions of their (usually politically correct) professors. But when writing for me, use one pronoun: either he or she, but not both.
Very, really. Boring, unspecific writing can cause even the most dedicated reader’s mind to wander. Don’t just tell me that the man was very mad or really mad. Tell me HOW mad; tell me how that looked or sounded. In very cold weather, tell me how cold. What does that feel like, look like? If you really, really want to communicate degree of pain or cold or desire, then leave off the very and the really and use more descriptive words. Really.
Be-verbs–also known as the joy-killer. Once told that they cannot use more than one be-verb per paragraph, they begin longing for it, begging for it, using it more often, losing major points for it. Be-verbs (am, is, was, were, are, be, been, sometimes being) are more passive than others. Can you figure out a way to say it without using those be-verbs? “He was running for President” could change to simply “He ran for President.” Easy!
I had a student once who had the formula figured out. He would replace every be-verb with maintain, exist as, subsist as, and a few others. Trouble was, those verbs then became his crutch, and he overused them. The poor guy was banned from using those replacement verbs for the duration of the school year, on top of only one be-verb per paragraph. He thought he might die, but he graduated and even went on to do well in college. He became an engineer, figuring out formulas for doing things easily and well. And people can understand his writing, too. |
Exogenously added phytase in feed has already been in practice for more than 25 years. It is used to liberate phosphorus (P), bound to phytate present in raw materials, lowering the feed cost by reducing the amount of added inorganic P. At the same time, environmental sustainability is improved, as P excretion to the environment is reduced.
Causes of P deficiency
There are two major reasons for P deficiency when using a phytase in feed: low heat stability of the phytase and an overestimation of its P matrix values. In the first case, this leads to lower than expected phytase levels in the final feed, reducing the P release from phytate. In the case of overestimating the P matrix values, too much inorganic P is removed from the feed, which is not compensated by sufficient P release from phytate. Both reasons will result in a P deficient diet, causing skeletal problems and reduced animal performance.
A heat stable phytase
To avoid the breakdown of the added phytase during pelleting, it is required that the phytase demonstrates a high thermostability until at least 85oC. An overview of the average recovery of a novel intrinsically heat stable phytase (OptiPhos Plus), determined in over 10 pelleting studies conducted in the EU and in the USA, is shown in Figure 1.
As the universal definition of stability stipulates that "stability is achieved when recovery of the active substance is above 80% of the original value", it can be seen that OptiPhos Plus can claim an intrinsic heat stability at 85oC when applied in the granular form (G). When a coated version (CT) is used, a stability up to 90oC, and even 95oC with acceptable losses of activity is observed.
Requiring reliable P matrix values
P matrix values provide information to a nutritionist about how much inorganic P can be replaced by the incorporation of the phytase into the feed. To provide reliable matrix values, multiple trials need to be conducted. With OptiPhos Plus, 12 trials based on digestibility and bone ash responses have already been carried out to determine the average available P (aP) improvement for different inclusion levels (Figure 2).
In this graph, the average of the six trials giving the highest aP response is also indicated. The response at 1,000 FTU/kg, for example, provides an aP matrix value of 1.76 g aP/kg of feed when considering all trials, but 1.96 g aP/kg of feed when considering the six trials giving the highest aP response. This difference might trigger phytase suppliers to use only the best trials for establishing the P matrix values. However, this increases the risk for a nutritionist that P deficiency issues might occur, leading to lower animal performance. Therefore, it is better to rely on average P matrix values of all conducted trials, and to not just rely on the best ones.
Huvepharma received EU authorization for the use of OptiPhos Plus in all pig and poultry species on December 17th 2020 at a minimum inclusion level of 250 FTU/kg. This EU registration demonstrates that OptiPhos Plus is shown to be efficient and safe for use. Launched in March 2019 outside the EU, OptiPhos Plus has already proven itself in the field. With this EU approval, the EU market can now also be served, and the further worldwide rollout will be continued in 2021.
Excellent recovery of phytase in pelleted feed needs to be guaranteed combined with reliable and safe P matrix values originating from multiple trials, in order to avoid any risk of P deficiency at farm level.
For more information about OptiPhos Plus, click here. |
पुलवामा आतंकी हमले में शहीद हुए जवान कुलविंदर सिंह के माता-पिता से १.५ लाख रुपए की ठगी का मामला सामने आया है।
बताया जा रहा है कि पीड़ित पंजाब के रोपड़ जिले में रहते हैं, जहां एक शख्स सीआरपीएफ की वर्दी में पहुंचा था। उसने दिल्ली सीआरपीएफ की ९२ बटालियन के एएस मीणा की नेमप्लेट लगा रखी थी।
आरोपी ने पीड़ित परिजनों को सरकार से २९ लाख रुपए की आर्थिक मदद और एक पेट्रोल पंप दिलाने का झांसा देकर ठगी को अंजाम दिया।
कुलविंदर सिंह पंजाब के रोपड़ जिले के राउली गांव में रहते थे। वह अपने माता-पिता की इकलौती संतान थे। कुलविंदर ने २०१४ में ९२वीं बटालियन सीआरपीएफ ज्वॉइन की थी।
वह १४ फरवरी को जम्मू-कश्मीर के पुलवामा में सीआरपीएफ के काफिले पर हुए आतंकी हमले में शहीद हो गए थे। २ मई को एक शख्स नकली सीआरपीएफ अधिकारी बनकर कुलविंदर के घर पहुंचा और उनके परिजनों को सरकार से आर्थिक मदद दिलाने का झांसा दिया।
आरोपी ने दावा किया कि वह राजस्थान का रहने वाला है। बातचीत के बाद वह शहीद के पिता दर्शन सिंह की मोटर साइकिल व मोबाइल फोन लेकर फरार हो गया। पंजाब पुलिस ने एफआईआर दर्ज करके जांच शुरू कर दी है।
पुलिस के मुताबिक, आरोपी शख्स २ मई को सुबह करीब ७:३० बजे शहीद के घर पहुंचा था। कुलविंदर सिंह के पिता दर्शन सिंह ने बताया, आरोपी ने सीआरपीएफ की ड्रेस पहन रखी थी। उसके कंधे पर एक स्टार लगा हुआ था। उसने खुद को सीआरपीएफ की 9२वीं बटालियन का एएसआई एएल मीणा बताया था।
दर्शन सिंह के मुताबिक, वह इसके लिए राजी हो गए। वह कुलविंदर की मां अमरजीत कौर और आरोपी के साथ नूरपुर बेदी स्थित एसबीआई की ब्रांच पहुंचे। वहां आरोपी ने २० लाख रुपए का वाउचर भरा, जिसे बैंक अधिकारियों ने कोड ऑफ कंडक्ट बताते हुए रिजेक्ट कर दिया।
इसके बाद उसने ५ लाख रुपए का वाउचर तैयार किया, लेकिन उसे भी खारिज कर दिया गया। ऐसे में आरोपी ने ५0-५0 हजार रुपए के ३ वाउचर बनाए और खाते से १.५ लाख रुपए निकाल लिए। |
In Hamlet’s most famous soliloquy — the one that stars with “To be or not to be…” — the overthinking prince lists a number of problems that make life hard to bear. Most of these are things to which we can relate quite easily: oppression, love that is not returned, the wheels of justice turning too slowly, and people being rude to you.
Most people, though, would read the speech and get to the phrase ‘the proud man’s contumely’ and be completely stumped. It’s not a word one comes across terribly often. In all honesty, it’s probably only literature scholars and high school students studying ‘Hamlet’ that are likely to come across the word, and only one of those groups are likely to know right away what it means.
Contumely is a very old word that means disrespectful, offensive or abusive speech or behaviour.
Contumely is interesting in that most English words that end in -ly are adverbs, which describe verbs, but this is a noun. It doesn’t follow the grammatical pattern of English because it is not originally an English word.
It came into English in the late 14th century from the Old French word contumelie,. That came from the Latin word contumelia, which meant’ reproach’ or insult’, and is related to ‘contumax’ with means ‘haughty’ or ‘insolent’.
These days, we’re far more likely to use terms like ‘insolence’, ‘disrespect’ ‘scorn’ or ‘abuse’ instead.
Still, it could be fun to respond to someone’s arrogance with ‘I do not have to tolerate your contumely’. Hopefully, it would leave them as perplexed as those high school students reading Hamlet’s soliloquy for the first time.
It could also be useful to know that someone behaving with contumely would be described as contumelious.
This word evolved in the 15th century, so it follows the common pattern of the noun form being used first and the adjective coming afterwards. Mr Darcy’s haughty dismissal of Elizabeth Bennet at their first meeting, a lawyer strutting and posturing in the courtroom, or one’s mother-in-law’s disdain for their general existence could all be described as contumelious.
The Proud Man’s Contumely.Tweet
#words #Shakespeare #language |
Based on the constructivist Jean Piaget's theories on how children develop logico-mathematical thinking, this text describes and develops a programme for teaching arithmetic to young primary school children. The authors provide a theoretical foundation and an explanation of goals and objectives.
Young Children Reinvent Arithmetic
Teachers College Press, Teachers College, Columbia University
Implications of Piaget's Theory
Early Childhood Education (Teacher's College Pr)
Education & Reference |
The word sustainable gets bandied about a lot. But some things that are considered sustainable can be done in an unsustainable way, and vice versa.
Take wood. We often talk about the sustainability of wood over steel. But if one were to reuse steel from a local recycler instead of import exotic woods from a rainforest in Brazil, well that’s an entirely different thing.
The part of the equation that we need to bring in here is known as “embodied energy”. The dictionary definition is “the energy that was used in the work of making a product. Embodied energy attempts to measure the total of all the energy necessary for an entire product”. And might I add, “throughout it’s entire life cycle”.
Yes this does change everything. So when considering a product we don’t only consider how long we will be able to use it but how far was it transported, how much mining was involved, how many different parts are there and where did they come from. In a global economy transport is key. And all these steps take energy.
Take your lowly pencil. It’s pretty simple right? Wood, graphite, paint, eraser, metal thingy to hold the eraser. But look closer and consider how it was made and that all of those parts could not possibly have come from one factory. The rubber is from some far away forest, the graphite was mined, the metal thingy was also processed somewhere before it even went to a factory. And from that factory moved to still another factory where it was assembled. And then shipped to a very very large warehouse where it sat for several weeks or months when it was finally shipped to your local Dollarama.
So the embodied energy in that simple pencil is fairly large given what it does and the cost. Now think about your average cell phone. Or car. Or house. And the equation for embodied energy becomes very very complex. And comparing two things also becomes a rather convoluted process. But it is important because as we make decisions about the products we use while walking on this planet it becomes more and more important to consider using things that are made locally, created with our own two hands if we can and avoid reliance on complex energy intensive items. Because given the state of the planet, Gaia is in stress (in case you’ve been asleep) and we need to seriously rethink how we walk on this planet.
I gotta be honest I haven’t attended the Home & Garden show religiously. In fact the last one I went to was no less than 3 years ago. It’s not that I purposely avoid going to check out the newest trends and the latest technologies in building. I prefer to save the admission fee, the cost of parking and the crowds while using google and youtube for my education. But this time was different. I had a mission.
So I wandered past the landscapers, the roofing companies, the kitchen renovators and made a beeline for the most interesting (to me) exhibit. I wanted to check out Lethbridge’s latest in tiny house building, Teacup Tiny Homes.
While I know this is not Lethbridge’s first tiny house per se, it is probably the first one that is available for sale to a commercial market that is heretofore untested. I know a friend who built one independently on a 20’ trailer complete with tiny wood stove, highly insulated 2x6 walls and very much geared to off-grid living. She still owns it and like many tiny homes that are being built today in the US and Canada, has to deal with finding a safe (and legal) place to park it.
I spoke with the owner of Teacup Tiny Homes, Jenny. Her views are optimistic and her vision is clear - establish a tiny house community in Lethbridge and meet a growing need for what people really really want. The means by which she is doing this are by working the system - amend the existing rules and bylaws.
Those rules are many and varied - from zoning regulations to city bylaws to architectural controls to building codes to infrastructure. To be fair, there are presently no Lethbridge bylaws that state a minimum for house size, so that’s one less hurdle. It’s also good to know that most people are fundamentally in favour of these changes but to sit down and enact them will take time.
Still, examples are popping up. In Alberta the town council in Big Valley is creating a whole subdivision especially for “tiny homes”. Now of course, one needs to define the term, tiny house. Anyone who has looked deeply into this will see there are still some misunderstandings as to what constitutes a tiny house, a micro house or even a mini house. Like any movement in its early stages coming to terms with defining what’s what can take some time. Big Valley is defining a tiny house as being under 700 sq ft. Here’s one story about the Big Valley development
So at the core of it all, this movement towards smaller, easier to manage and more sustainable is part of a larger picture that is being drawn by visionaries and freedom lovers everywhere. And it won’t be stopped any time soon as people seek to downsize, free themselves from mortgage payments and have more freedom. And that’s a good thing.
Last week I facilitated a meeting in a tiny hamlet 75 kms from here (Lethbridge). It was with regards to creating two “event days” in the community that would give residents a chance to trade items, sell crafts, listen to some music and eat locally prepared food. I started the meeting by asking each attendee what their number one reason was for being there. No less than 75% responded with a similar answer; to meet people, to be part of a gathering, to join with others in the village, etc…
In all the years I’ve attended and lead meetings of various groups I have consistently come across this. The theme of just “doing things together” is the biggest draw for most of us. And it’s no surprise that as more members of our society experience isolation from each other, the more this need comes to the foreground.
I think we can agree that people are social animals. We’ve gathered in tribes, clans and villages forever. The importance of community is intrinsically tied to our survival instincts. The desire to connect and the pleasure of simply working side-by-side can be seen all around us in many ways. Check any local event in which volunteers are asked to step forward. When those people come up to do the work needed there is little fuss about how important their respective tasks are, no quibbling over how much harder one works than another, no concern about hours spent to do the task at hand. What is of utmost importance is the chance to work with others in a situation that is “more like fun, less like work.”
And now the scientific evidence is mounting in favour of this idea. We are discovering that our brains are hard-wired for social engagement. From a baby’s earliest recognition of smiling faces to the neurological chemistry when witnessing someone experiencing stage fright to the amount of chemicals in our brains secreted when doing work that is cooperative rather than competitive. This research even moves into the animal kingdom and how cooperation is a superior model of survival. Check this fascinating vid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYOPcHRO3tc (The video goes far beyond the theme of this blog after the 5 minute mark. It goes on to provide a wonderful alternate view to competition as we know it.)
Today we see that “creative competition” has resulted in huge swathes of humanity being left behind. Sadly, most residents on this planet are locked out from receiving the benefits of the collective efforts of humankind. This is about to change.
In the next few years we will witness the movement away from top down hierarchical systems that have been responsible for this iniquity. On a more direct and local level we will see changes in land use, building technologies and work environments to create a world that is attendant to our individual needs and is more focused on solutions than on regulations. Truly these are interesting times.
I’m going beyond the GeoStudio today. I’d like to address the 2nd most important element in creating a truly off-grid house. Not only due to an interest in tiny houses (a growing phenomenon in the US and Canada), but because it is front and centre for this company’s plan to upgrade the GeoStudio to the status of tiny house in the next 12 months.
To paraphrase a saying, “He who controls hot water controls the world”. In simpler terms, generating hot water allows for not only personal hygiene but is potentially an ingredient to heat one's home, to generate electricity and to help prepare food. So you can see it is fundamental to making a space liveable. And if you can control its creation without fossil fuels you can therefore create all of these options.
Some examples of fossil free hot water generation technology are solar tube collectors, a large magnifying glass and a parabolic reflector - there are others but this sample tells us solar truly is coming of age.
The large magnifying glass idea can be created with a large transparent plastic sheet suspended on a rack of 4x4’s, in which the water acts as a ‘magnifying glass’. Check out this very cool idea: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eeSyHgO5fmQ
There are solar tube collectors now on the market that are being refined. And they needn’t look too large or awkward and would make addition to any tiny living space.
My favourite however is the parabolic reflector. This is an umbrella shaped device that you invert and point to the sun, like a satellite dish. Only it has a mirror-like surface that will reflect the sun's rays to a centre focal point. (On a satellite dish this is the piece that sticks out and concentrates the signal.) At this focal point the heat is intense enough to boil water - under sunny skies of course. The Lethbridge Sustainable Living Association has used such a device in solar cooking demonstrations. It is very effective, you can put a pot of water suspended on a grill at the exact focal point and boil water in minutes. My plan is to use one of these to run some metal pipe up into that focal point and back down into a tank or boiler system in order to store hot water. After that the water can used domestically to help heat one's space on the coldest days of the year.
So at this point I’m soliciting my readers. I’m looking for someone with solid plumbing knowledge to create such a system. This would bring us all one step closer to being able to create an off grid tiny house. And off grid living I believe, is the “Rosetta stone” of small footprint sustainable living.
So if you know a plumber or engineer or just all around “inventor guy” who would be interested in participating in this challenge - please message me!
Gilles Leclair is the founder of GeoStudios. Somewhat eccentric, fairly environmentalist, politically aware, he believes the world should have more off-grid communities... many more. |
Gongylonema ingluvicola is a type of nematode (roundworm) that, as adults, are slender-shaped, yellow, brown to red in color, between 6-14cm (2.4-5.5in) in length. Once they embed themselves into the wall of the esophagus they resemble a zigzag like shape.
G. ingluvicola is an internal parasite of chickens. It invades the crop, esophagus and/or proventriculus of the chicken and feeds on the tissues and fluids of the organs.
Life cycle: G. ingluvicola have an indirect life cycle and use beetles and cockroaches as intermediate hosts, which can also serve as transport hosts of the parasite to chickens, if they are ingested.
- Lance Wheeler. Gongylonema sp. The Monster Hunter's Guide to Veterinary Parasitology (2019)
- Saif, Y. M Diseases of poultry. John Wiley & Sons (2009) |
रविवार से देश के मल्टीप्लेक्सेज़ में फिल्म संजू की एडवांस बुकिंग भी शुरू कर दी गई है।
मुंबई। सलमान खान की रेस ३ ने जब बॉक्स ऑफिस पर तीन दिन में १०० करोड़ से अधिक की कमाई कर ली तो सबको लगा कि दबंग खान एक बार फिर से कमाई का नया रिकॉर्ड बना देंगे। लेकिन ऐसा हो न सका। और अब ये आलम है कि दूसरे शनिवार को भी ये फिल्म सिर्फ़ साढ़े पांच करोड़ रूपये ही जोड़ पाई है।
रेमो डिसूज़ा के निर्देशन में बनी फिल्म रेस ३ ने घरेलू बॉक्स ऑफ़िस पर अपने दूसरे शनिवार यानि नवे दिन करीब साढ़े पांच करोड़ रुपये का कलेक्शन किया है। फिल्म को अब तक १४९ करोड़ ५४ लाख रूपये का कलेक्शन मिला है। दूसरे शुक्रवार को इस फिल्म ने सिर्फ़ तीन करोड़ रूपये की कमाई की थी। वीकेंड में सलमान की फिल्म की ग्रोथ न दिखना साफ़ संकेत देता है कि इस बार सलमान खान का वो जादू नहीं चला है, जो अक्सर ईद रिलीज़ के दौरान दिखता है। वैसे शनिवार के कलेक्शन के साथ सलमान खान ने अपनी फिल्म बॉडीगार्ड के १४९ करोड़ के लाइफ टाइम कलेक्शन को पार पर लिया है जबकि रविवार के कलेक्शन के साथ वो दबंग २ के १५६ करोड़ ५० लाख रूपये की कमाई को पीछे छोड़ सकते हैं ।
फिल्म रेस ३ ने २९ करोड़ १७ लाख से ओपनिंग ली थी। इस साल अपने पहले वीकेंड में सबसे अधिक कमाई करने वाली फिल्मों में रेस ३ दूसरे नंबर पर रही । पहले वीकेंड में रेस ३ को १०६ करोड़ ४७ लाख रूपये का कलेक्शन मिला और ये फिल्म टाइगर जिंदा है के बाद सबसे अधिक कमाई करने वाली फिल्म बनी। लेकिन सलमान खान पहले हफ़्ते में १५० करोड़ रूपये हासिल नहीं कर पाए। अगर सलमान खान की पिछले साल आई फिल्म ट्यूबलाइट को छोड़ दिया जाय तो रेस ३ पहले हफ़्ते में सबसे ख़राब कमाई वाली फिल्म है। सलमान खान की फैन फालोइंग और बॉक्स ऑफ़िस का रिकॉर्ड देखते हुए रेस ३ ने बड़ा नुकसान करवा दिया है। सलमान खान के लिए दूसरे वीकेंड में तगड़ी कमाई करने की चुनौती थी लेकिन दो दिनों में सिर्फ़ साढ़े आठ करोड़ रूपये मिले हैं। ऐसे में रेस ३ का १७5 रूपये के आगे जाना मुश्किल लगता है।
अगले हफ़्ते रणबीर कपूर की संजू रिलीज़ है, जिसका बज़ बहुत हाई है। राजकुमार हिरानी के निर्देशन में बनी ये संजू की बायोपिक फिल्म बड़े पैमाने पर रिलीज़ की जा रही है और रविवार से देश के मल्टीप्लेक्सेज़ में इस फिल्म की एडवांस बुकिंग भी शुरू कर दी गई है। ऐसे में रेस के लिए नए हफ्ते में पांच दिनों में ही कमाई बढ़ाने का अवसर है। |
"Lec 11 - Personal identity, Part II: The body theory and the personality theory" Death (PHIL 176) Two more views regarding the metaphysical key to personal identity are discussed: the body view and the personality view. According to the body view, an individual is identified in terms of his or her physical body. According to the personality view, an individual is identified by his or her unique set of beliefs, desires, memories, goals, and so on. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Review of Soul Theory 03:07 - Chapter 2. The Body Theory of Personal Identity 25:47 - Chapter 3. Equating the Brain with the Identity -- Implications of the Body Theory 32:35 - Chapter 4. Physicalists: Personality as the Key to Personal Identity 46:39 - Chapter 5. Soul, Body, and Personality -- Is There a Correct View? Assessment by Torture Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses This course was recorded in Spring 2007.
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This video is a part of a lecture series from of Yale |
Late in November Charles Khumalo organised a PACE Quiz competition for children from schools in the Mola area, Kariba, in northern Zimbabwe. Charles is a head game scout, a local man, and passionate about helping his communities to develop, while living peacefully alongside the wildlife around them. He was introduced to PACE in 2017 and quickly appreciated the potential of it’s problem-solving approach. He has started running interschool quizzes to encourage children and their teachers to learn about and find solutions to the environmental challenges they are facing.
Five primary schools participated in his first round quiz: Mola, Mangwara, Ume crocodile farm, Kalundu and Chalala. Grades 5-7 (11-13 year olds) were involved, teams of three students from each school. They covered three topics, selected as the most relevant to communities in the area – Living with Wildlife, Soils and Forests, winning points for each correct answer. They all enjoyed themselves, with eager competition between teams.
Mola were the winners, and their prize, was for the children and three accompanying teachers, to visit the local safari camp. They were hosted for a day and a night.
They went on wildlife drives and guided walks, had picnics and even visited an ancestral cave. They saw impala, waterbuck, hippopotamus, crocodiles and lots of bird species. A most valuable aspect of the visit was giving the children and teachers an opportunity to gain a new understanding of some of the locally feared wildlife, to realise that they can appreciate and respect their wildlife heritage in a less fearful and confrontational manner than they are normally used to. They all enjoyed themselves immensely, including learning from the guides about the importance of the natural forest and need to protect it. It is wonderful to see people coming to appreciate and enjoy their natural heritage, and excited about the process. There is no doubt that the next round of quizzes will be even more competitive. Thanks to Charles, and Palloma, for creative and impactful use of PACE materials. |
Sabbath Day Thoughts — “Envy” Genesis 4:1-12
This is the second message in a Lenten series on the Seven Deadly Sins.
Aristotle described envy as the pain we experience when we learn of the good fortune of others. We see the ability, resources, or excellence of our neighbor, and we want that for ourselves. Thirteenth century scholastic theologian Thomas Aquinas characterized envy as an active, escalating resentment. Seeing our neighbor’s good fortune, we first seek to lower their reputation, perhaps through tale telling or criticism. Next, we feel joy at the other’s misfortune, or we feel grief at our neighbor’s continuing prosperity. Finally, over-focused on their success or well-being, we feel hatred. Augustine taught that envy is a truly diabolical sin because it seeks to minimize, end, or destroy what is good in our neighbor, and we, consequently, rob our community and world of that God-given goodness. Last week, I shared that C.S. Lewis characterized pride as the anti-God sin. Well, envy is the anti-neighbor sin. Envy stands in bitter opposition to that second half of Jesus’ Great Commandment, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
The root of envy is the Latin word invidia, which means unseeing or blind. When we are envious, we don’t see things as they truly are. We waste our time in over-focusing on the lives of others, and we fail to see and pursue our own unique God-given gifts and purpose. The Medieval poet and philosopher Dante Alighieri depicted the sin of envy in his Divine Comedy. The envious are second only to the prideful in their fall from grace. In Hell, they plod eternally under grey cloaks made of lead. In an act of poetic justice, their eyes are sewn eternally shut with metal wire, unable to see their neighbor or themselves.
That most essential biblical paradigm of envy is the story of Cain and Abel (Genesis 4). Cain, the farmer, brings a portion of his harvest as an offering to the Lord. Abel, the herdsman, presents to God the best of his flock—the firstborn with the choicest and fattiest portions. Abel gave God the best while Cain did what was adequate. Instead of learning that God deserves our first-fruits, Cain was filled with envy at his brother’s acceptance. Even after God cautioned Cain about the destructive power of envy, Cain met his brother in the field and murdered him. The world was robbed of Abel’s gifts and Cain was cut off from his family and even the land.
In the New Testament, Matthew’s gospel tells us that the Chief Priests and elders of the Temple handed Jesus over to Pilate for execution out of envy (Matt. 25:18-20). Then, they ensured that Pilate could not extend mercy by persuading the crowd to call for the release Barabbas instead of Jesus. Influence and money changed hands to ensure Jesus’ death. Envious of Jesus’ wisdom, gifts, and God-given authority, those Temple-insiders conspired to discredit him and rob him of his life.
We know envy when we see it. The legendary voting rights activist Fannie Lou Hamer described the experience of her family. They lived as sharecroppers on the plantation where they had once been enslaved. Thanks to the hard work of her father and mother and their twenty children, the family prospered. Her father was able to save enough to buy a team of mules to work more land. Their dreams crumbled when an envious white sharecropper poisoned the mules.
Envy is manifest in the realm of athletics. On January 6, 1994, U.S. Figure Skating Champion Nancy Kerrigan was brutally attacked as she prepared to defend her national title. Badly bruised, Kerrigan withdrew from the competition, and her rival Tonya Harding took the title. An FBI investigation ultimately determined that the attack on Kerrigan was prompted by envy. Harding with her husband and bodyguard conspired to take Kerrigan out of the competition and ensure Harding’s own bid for the Olympics.
Social theorists say that we live in an Age of Envy, which is fueled by social media, like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat. Professor Ethan Kross of the University of Michigan says that envy is at an extreme today because we are constantly bombarded by photo-shopped lives. Barraged by images of the achievement and joy of others—the spectacular vacations, the joyful families, the workplace accomplishments—we feel envy. We resent others, and we feel bad about ourselves.
Envy manifests in our lives when we gossip. We defame the character of our imagined rival and undermine their standing in the community. We criticize and belittle their accomplishments. We refuse to acknowledge their gifts and abilities. We undermine their efforts to get ahead. We attack their expertise and sabotage their work. When I was an undergrad at Colgate, a top student in the pre-med program was caught spitting in the test tubes of his rivals to ruin their research. Our envious actions don’t make us feel any better. Instead, we are left dissatisfied with who we are and what we have, resentful about our lot in life, and unhappy with the world as we know it.
The remedy for envy is found in the virtues of gratitude and kindness. Gratitude is the feeling of appreciation for what we have been given and thankfulness for the generosity of others. Martin Luther taught that gratitude is “the basic Christian attitude” because God is the selfless giver of all good things, and we are all immeasurably blessed. Gratitude doesn’t forget or ignore the negative aspects of our lives, but it sees the good even amid the hardship. The 18th century prophet of the Great Awakening Jonathan Edwards believed that our gratitude is the clearest measure of our spiritual health, because gratitude reveals our awareness of the presence and goodness of God in our every day. Gratitude is the enemy of envy because we see and savor the goodness of God in our own lives, and we acknowledge that God is at work in others in ways that bless them and bless the world around them. Gratitude restores our right relationship with God—we become like that Samaritan Leper, who returned to give thanks to Jesus, falling down at his feet and praising the Lord (Luke 17:11-19).
Professor Robert Emmons of University of California Davis has been the preeminent scholar of gratitude for more than twenty years. His research has found that when we cultivate gratitude, it is good for us and others. People who keep a weekly gratitude journal by recording the ways they have been blessed feel better about their lives and are more optimistic. Folks who maintain a gratitude list—a master list of their blessings—were more likely to make progress toward important goals in school, work, relationships, and health. A daily time of focusing on gratitude increases our alertness, enthusiasm, determination, attentiveness, and energy. The daily discipline of gratitude also makes us more likely to help others and offer our support.
That leads us to our second weapon in battling the sin of envy: kindness. Aristotle described kindness as helpfulness toward someone in need, not in return for anything, but to simply benefit the person whom we are helping. Kindness is the exercise of charity, compassion, friendship, and sympathy simply for its own sake. Studies at Yale University have suggested that kindness is inherent in human beings. Babies have the impulse to be kind, and we can all testify to the natural sympathy of children, to their innate desire to show concern for a peer who is in distress. Mark Twain reminds us that kindness is active. He said, “Kindness is a language which the deaf can hear and the blind can see,” because we are out there doing it. One of the amazing dimensions of kindness is that in practicing it we often find that we are blessed. My seminary professors called this mission-in-reverse. Even as we reach out to help someone else, we find that our interaction touches our heart, expands our understanding, or makes a new friend. We often get so much more out of our kind impulses than we put in.
The biblical paradigm of kindness is, of course, The Good Samaritan (Luke 10). The Samaritan rises above prejudice to come to the aid of his wounded, vulnerable Jewish neighbor when no one else will. He cleans wounds, takes the man to shelter, and pays his way, all out of kindness. According to Jesus, kindness like this is what truly makes us neighbors. Gratitude and kindness are the antithesis of envy because they make us mindful of God’s incredible goodness to us and turn us to our neighbors with open hearts and willing hands. Thanks be to God.
I suspect that as we go forth into the Lenten season, we will experience envy. We’ll be scrolling through our Facebook feed and feel envy’s gut-punch as we read of our neighbor’s epic vacation. We’ll wear a forced smile when our friend tells us they are putting in a new kitchen. Our neighbor will retire early, and we’ll resent their leisure. Envy will rear its ugly head. But we can get the better of it. Count your blessings. Give thanks to the one who fills our lives with goodness beyond measure. Pay it forward. Reach out to the world with kindness. The world will be blessed—and so will we. Amen.
Becky Little. “How the 7 Deadly Sins Began as the ‘8 Evil Thoughts’” in History, March 29, 2021. Accessed online at history.com.
WJS Martin. “The Seven Deadly Sins: Envy” in Anglican Way Magazine, Feb. 14, 2016. Accessed online at anglicanway.org.
Charles Pope. “The Seven Deadly Sins: Envy” in Community in Mission, April 5, 2019. Accessed online at blog.adw.org.
Moya Sarner. “The Age of Envy” in The Guardian, October 9, 2018. Accessed online at theguardian.com.
Walter Brueggemann. Genesis. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1982.
Robert A. Emmons. “Highlights from the Research Project on Gratitude and Thankfulness” in Dimensions and Perspectives of Gratitude. Los Angeles: UC Davis, 2010.
1 Now Adam knew his wife Eve, and she conceived and bore Cain, saying, “I have produced a man with the help of the Lord.” 2 Next she bore his brother Abel. Now Abel was a keeper of sheep, and Cain a tiller of the ground. 3 In the course of time Cain brought to the Lord an offering of the fruit of the ground, 4 and Abel for his part brought of the firstlings of his flock, their fat portions. And the Lord had regard for Abel and his offering, 5 but for Cain and his offering he had no regard. So Cain was very angry, and his countenance fell. 6 The Lord said to Cain, “Why are you angry, and why has your countenance fallen? 7 If you do well, will you not be accepted? And if you do not do well, sin is lurking at the door; its desire is for you, but you must master it.”
8 Cain said to his brother Abel, “Let us go out to the field.” And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel, and killed him. 9 Then the Lord said to Cain, “Where is your brother Abel?” He said, “I do not know; am I my brother’s keeper?” 10 And the Lord said, “What have you done? Listen; your brother’s blood is crying out to me from the ground! 11 And now you are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand. 12 When you till the ground, it will no longer yield to you its strength; you will be a fugitive and a wanderer on the earth.” |
The fourth edition of CDI Lier is just around the corner. From February 26 to March 1, the top of the dressage can be found in Belgian Lier to participate in this highly appreciated competition. Partly due to the fine accommodation and the sporty atmosphere, CDI Lier is not only loved by Belgian dressage riders, but also by riders from neighboring countries.
What CDI Lier makes, according to the participants, a nice event to compete is the fact that different classes are offered. Participants can register with the Children, Ponies, Juniors, Young Riders, U25 and the 4 * Small and Big Tour. Great prizes can be won at all categories where cash prizes can be as high as € 9,000 with a total prize pool of € 40,000.
In addition to the inviting program for the participants, CDI Lier is also particularly attractive for visitors to come and watch. There are several stands from Kingsley Saddles, Rosa Collection, Semper Fi, Jolly Lodger and Lydia DeHertoge where various equestrian items are offered. On February 29 Tineke Bartels gives a clinic where dressage enthusiasts can indulge themselves.
View the full program here. |
An expert witness explains complex issues to judges and juries.
Stillwater, Ok May, 1 (The Oklahoma Post) –
Expert witnesses help courts understand the complexities of domestic abuse, including why victim-survivors and offenders do what they do.
Expert witnesses can testify based on their general knowledge of the subject and/or on the specifics of a given case.
Testimony of someone trained in psychology is vital to domestic abuse cases.
The R. Kelly case of alleged sexual exploitation, violence, and coercive control raises complex questions for most of us—as well as the judge and jury. People may wonder how R. Kelly managed to persuade his alleged victims to stay in his home, in some cases for years. Both sides are likely to bring in expert witnesses. Let’s look at what expert witnesses do in cases of domestic abuse and coercive control.
Expert witnesses educate judges and juries in both criminal and civil courts. They base their opinions on scientific, technical, or specialized knowledge. Expert witnesses can help the courts understand that domestic abuse is not caused by anger, jealousy, mental illness, substance abuse, or by the victim’s actions.
Expert witnesses also help the courts understand what victim-survivors do to survive. This protects victims from being pathologized or blamed for the consequences of the abuse.
The judge reviews the expert’s credentials and agrees to admit their testimony before allowing them to speak. The lawyer who engaged the expert questions them first; then the lawyer from the other side cross-examines the expert.
Expert witnesses testify in two different ways:
General Expertise: This is when an expert knows little to nothing about the specific case and testifies about domestic abuse in general. The lawyers can still ask hypothetical or “what if” questions that demonstrate how the information might pertain to a specific case.
Case-Specific: Here, expert witnesses write reports and often testify to the facts specific to a case. They review associated materials which might include police or medical reports, psychological evaluations, guardian ad litem reports, court documents, and relevant photographs or records of texts. The expert may also conduct a domestic violence/coercive control interview and assessment with the alleged victim.
General Expertise Testimony
Expert witnesses are likely to teach the court about:
Research on coercive control and domestic violence
Definitions of the issue and explanations as to why it occurs
Explanations as to why a victim might recant, lie, comply with, defend, or stay with the abuser
The characteristics, beliefs, tactics, motivations, and behaviors of offenders
The consequences victims face when they try to protect themselves or their children
The impact of trauma on adult and child victims and witnesses
Changes in abuse frequency and severity over time
Additionally, if the expert is familiar with the case, the expert could discuss:
The “natural history” of the couple from the time they met until the present day
Ways the survivor tried to moderate the abuse for self-protection or to protect others
The psychological, medical, and financial impact of the abuse on the victim-survivor
The impact of the abuse on children or other family members
The findings of a domestic violence/coercive control assessment the expert completed with the victim/survivor
Recommendations for custody/visitation
The validity of previous assessments and evaluations by other professionals
Here are some examples of civil cases where an expert witness may prove key:
Pre- or post-nuptial agreements or other contracts: An expert witness can evaluate whether a pre- or post-nuptial agreement or other contract was coerced, and therefore should be set aside.
Immigration: Often, a domestic abuse victim’s immigration status is tied to her spouse or sponsor. Or, an asylum seeker seeks relief from deportation because she faces domestic homicide or severe violence in her home country.
Benefits: During divorce proceedings, a domestic abuse survivor may have been too afraid to raise the issue of abuse or demand her rightful half of the abuser’s assets or retirement pay. A domestic violence expert may be able to help a survivor recover these benefits, even after a great deal of time has passed.
Divorce: An expert witness can help the court understand the need to protect victim-survivors from divorce or custody agreements that would put them at risk or enable further abusive control.
Custody/visitation: In family court, an expert can describe the evidence of domestic abuse and explain the victim’s survival behaviors. Where relevant, the expert can offer an opinion of any potential danger to the children if the abuser is granted custody or unsupervised visitation. The expert can counter claims of “parental alienation syndrome” which abusers’ attorneys sometimes use to wrest custody from a protective parent
Vexatious litigation or litigation abuse: The expert can educate the court about the ways an abuser may file frequent court petitions to control, harass, or impoverish the victim.
Here are some examples of criminal cases where an expert witness may prove key:
Felonies: Domestic abuse experts educate the courts in cases involving stalking, assault, murder, attempted murder, sexual assault, and other felonies. They may be especially important where abusers try to defend themselves by saying the sexual activities were consensual, or that the violence resulted from a fight rather than abuse, or that the victims had freely given away their assets.
Mitigating circumstances: Experts teach the courts about the pressures on domestic abuse victims in cases where the abuse victim assaulted or killed the abuser, or where the abuser pushed the victim into committing another crime.
Child abuse or neglect: Sometimes a domestic abuse victim faces charges related to the injury or death of a child. The expert witness can provide important contextual information.
Whenever the courts need to understand domestic abuse, an expert can provide testimony, including in grand jury hearings, plea negotiations, trials, sentencing, and clemency or parole hearings.
When I testify as an expert witness, I remind whoever hires me that I am not “on” either side. I am hired to educate the courts based on my expertise.
Authored by Lisa A. Fontes
Lisa A Fontes Ph.D., Senior Lecturer in Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, and author of Invisible Chains: Overcoming Coercive Control in Your Intimate Relationship.
Posted with Permission from Author. Story Originally Published Posted August 25, 2021, in Psychology Today
Copyright 2022 Lisa A. Fontes Ph.D.
Copyright 2022 Non-Exclusive Reprint- The Oklahoma Post
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The Next Human Century Began on This Day
On this day in economic and financial history...
The scientific field of genetics can trace its origin to Feb. 8, 1865, the date friar Gregor Mendel first presented his Experiments on Plant Hybridizationto the scientific public. The paper outlined what has since become the commonly accepted theory of genetic inheritance, which Mendel explored through the pea plants in his monastery. Mendel's discoveries were too far ahead of his time, and it was not until the start of the 20th century that his ideas became widely accepted.
Genetics eventually led to the discovery and manipulation of DNA, which has since given way to genomics, which in our time relies on sophisticated technology to sequence and analyze the structure of an organism's entire set of hereditary information. Genomics is an exciting field, with plummeting sequencing costs suggesting that routine use will soon be possible. Illumina and Life Technologies are presently seen as industry leaders, but the rapid pace of technological progress in genome sequencing may not allow them to hold that position for long. Both have been the target of buyout interest recently, and the deep pockets of a major biotech company might accelerate the progress of sequencing advances to the point where you'll have your genome sequenced at the doctor's office with every physical before the decade is out.
New kid on the stock market
For many years, the New York Stock Exchange was the only real game in town for serious investors. On Feb. 8, 1971, that finally changed when the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation, or Nasdaq went live for the first time, offering quotes on 2,500 over-the-counter securities. Its electronic trading system has since become the standard, greatly easing and enhancing the flow of shares around the investing world. Nasdaq became the first exchange to facilitate online trading, and it also formed the first intercontinental link of securities markets with the London Stock Exchange in 1992. Allowing online trades gives Nasdaq a legitimate right to call itself "the stock market for the next hundred years."
The Nasdaq's life began with its signature Nasdaq Composite index in action. Over the years, this index has become known as the tech-heavy alternative to the more conservative Dow Jones Industrial Average , particularly during and after the dot-com bubble.
The Nasdaq began at 100 points on that Feb. 8, and the Dow was at 882 points. From then until the day before 1987's Black Monday, the Nasdaq grew 300% -- twice the rate of the Dow. From the day of the crash to the peak of the Nasdaq in March 2000, the Nasdaq index gained 1,300%, well more than double the Dow's 470% gain. Despite the huge decline that followed its dot-com peak, the Nasdaq remains firmly in the lead of this race. From the Nasdaq's opening to its 40-year anniversary in 2007, the index grew 2,700% to the Dow's 1,300%. Maybe investing in the future is a better option than playing it safe, after all.
The dawn of the modern airline
The first modern passenger airliner took off on its maiden flight on Feb. 8, 1933. That was the day Boeing set passenger airline service on the path to ubiquity. The Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum (where you can glimpse the first D-model 247 Boeing ever built) states that this airliner revolutionized air transportation when it entered service. At a top speed of 200 miles per hour, the 247 was 50% faster than its competitors. Its basic design -- all-metal body, an engine on each wing, retractable landing gear, and autopilot -- is still familiar to modern jet airliner passengers today.
The 247 was less capable than it might have been, because Boeing's early design collaboration with United Air Lines, its first customer, showed that pilots were afraid of the original concept's extreme capabilities relative to the aviation infrastructure and skill sets then in place. The pilots also objected to the use of Pratt & Whitney Hornet engines, which were not commonly used at the time and were more powerful than P&W's popular Wasp engines. The slimmed-down, power-limited 247 thus had its weight reduced from eight tons to slightly less than seven tons, which reduced the number of passengers it could carry from 14 to 10. Despite these limitations, it still far exceeded the abilities of other passenger aircraft and could make a 20-hour, seven-stop trip from New York to Los Angeles, cutting nearly eight hours off the time needed by other airliners.
Boeing didn't get to enjoy its dominance for long. Less than three years later, Douglas Aircraft launched the hugely successful DC-3, which continues to fly in parts of the world to this day. Boeing eventually got the last word when it merged with McDonnell-Douglas in 1997.
The fall of an auto pioneer
On Feb. 8, 1936, William C. Durant, the founder of General Motors, filed for bankruptcy. Like many others, he had lived large before and during the Roaring Twenties, but the Great Crash of 1929 had devastated him along with the rest of the country. Reporting nearly $1 million in debt, Durant listed his assets as worth a total of $250.
Durant was the son of a successful investor and the grandson of a railroad magnate who became mayor of Flint, Mich. Born already on third base, Durant stole home when he used family money to create a horse-drawn wagon company in 1884. His innate business acumen was superlative, and the Flint Road Cart Company, as it was called, eventually became the world's biggest wagon company. Durant leveraged this success into ownership of Buick in 1904, which was a brilliant move into an upstart industry that would have otherwise destroyed him. In 1908 he cobbled together a number of smaller auto companies to form General Motors. Three years later, he was overextended and lost control of the company. He founded Chevrolet that year, took control of it in 1914, and a year later had engineered a buyout that brought him back to GM with enough of a stake to regain his leadership of the company.
By 1920, Durant was ousted by DuPont, which had by then taken a substantial stake in the automaker. He left with a fortune of $90 million, which he lost in the 1920 crash. GM went on to become the world's largest automaker in 1931, making him perhaps the only known entrepreneur to create corporate category-leaders not only in one product, but also the product that replaced the first. He went on to found Durant Motors, which never got very far, but he later became "probably the most powerful individual force in the market," with the combined assets of his investing consortium totaling nearly $1.3 billion, according to The New York Times. He lost his grip on that massive pile of money in the Crash of 1929, which proved far worse than the crash in 1920. Durant Motors failed in 1933. After his bankruptcy, Durant spent the rest of his life managing a bowling alley.
Where do we go now?
Google Maps, one of Google's most important and widely used products, launched on Feb. 8, 2005. It went live with little fanfare, entering beta with an announcement posted to the company's official blog by product manager Bret Taylor. After six months, it was available for all users.
Originally the product of two Danish brothers that Google "acqui-hired" in 2004, Google Maps has grown to become the de facto mapping standard for millions of people around the globe. A 2012 feature in The Atlantic highlights the depth of Google's commitment to making better maps. Google's Street View cars, which help flesh out the ground-level data on Maps, have driven more than 5 million miles, and they now generate more image data every two weeks than Google had in the two years after the service launched. A team corrects and enhances everything by hand, ensuring that every frame of map data has the maximum possible utility for its users.
Google's Maps could eventually become as important for the company as its core search product, especially if those self-driving cars wind up taking the highways by storm. Its value was evident in 2012 when a furor broke out over Apple's attempt to replace Google Maps in the iPhone with its own mapping app, which drew much derision for its inaccuracies. When Google finally relaunched a downloadable Maps app, it became an instant hit, with more than 10 million downloads in its first two days in the App Store. There would have been more downloads, but a number of Apple Maps users were probably stuck in Guadalajara after trying to find their favorite Mexican restaurant.
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In the scientific community, there is great debate between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Despite the criticism that qualitative methods are interpretive and invalid as scientific evidence, the real discrepancy lies within the types of data that each method produces. Quantitative data measures quantifiable terms, such as "how much," "how long" and "how many," while qualitative data measures the reasons behind behavior, such as the "how" and "why." While neither method is "better" than the other, there are advantages and disadvantages to both.
Qualitative research allows one to explore topics in more depth and detail than quantitative research. Also, qualitative research is often less expensive than quantitative research, because you don’t need to recruit as many participants or use extensive methods. Another pro of qualitative research is that it offers flexibility as far as locations and timing because you don’t need to interview a large number of people at once.
One major disadvantage of qualitative research is that it cannot quantify how many of your audience answer one way or another. This makes it extremely difficult to create any type of solid statistic. Another con is that you cannot generalize your findings. As opposed to quantitative surveys, qualitative research does not allow you to use your findings as a basis for a broader audience or the public in general.
One of the pros to quantitative research involves the fast speed that data can be collected. This data can also be analyzed fairly quickly. In addition, using statistically valid random samples, a survey can quickly be generalized to the entire population. Another advantage involves the planning process for programs and messages. With the reliable, repeatable information that quantitative surveys can provide, a trusted set of statistics can give confidence when making future plans. Quantitative research can also be anonymous, which is useful when dealing with sensitive topics. Another major pro of quantitative research is that it allows you to generalize your findings beyond the participant group.
One con of quantitative research is the limited ability to probe answers. Also, people who are willing to respond may share characteristics that don’t apply to the audience as a whole, creating a potential bias in the study. In addition, quantitative research experiments can be costly. |
यह लौटना कोई इत्तेफाक नहीं था। दिल्ली जैसे अजनबी शहर से पूरे ३६ साल बाद अपनी कर्मभूमि रांची वापसी। उस शहर से, जिससे कोई नाता नहीं, कोई संबंध नहीं, कोई सरोकार नहीं। कोई लगाव और रचाव भी नहीं। नाता यही कि इसी अजनबी शहर में फादर कामिल बुल्के ने १७ अगस्त, १९८२ को एम्स में अंतिम सांस ली। ईसाई धर्मबंधुओं ने बुल्के को दिल्ली में ही दफनाने का निर्णय लिया। उनके अंतिम दिनों के साथी फा. पास्कल तोपनो, ये.सं. लिखते हैं, 'एक महत्वपूर्ण निर्णय मुझको लेना था-फादर बुल्के को कहां दफनाया जाए, दिल्ली में या रांची में। रांची की जनता निश्चय ही बुल्के के अंतिम दिन दर्शन के लिए तरसेगी और अंतिम संस्कार में सम्मिलित होना चाहेगी-इसका अनुमान मुझे था। फिर भी मैंने हाल की घटनाओं ने मेरी यह धारणा पक्की कर दी थी कि फादर बुल्के के पार्थिव अवशेष को रांची तक सही सलामत पहुंचा पाना कोई सहज काम नहीं। लालफीताशाही से डरा हुआ था। फादर के ये शब्द पीड़ा से उपजे थे। वह भी नहीं चाहते थे कि उन्हें दिल्ली में दफनाया जाए, लेकिन जिस व्यक्तिको पद्मविभूषण मिला हो, उसके इलाज के लिए भी सरकारी अस्पताल में परेशान होना हो तो आखिर उस अगस्त की गर्मी में वे क्या कर सकते थे?
आखिरकार, फादर बुल्के को वहीं, उसी बेगाने दिल्ली के हवाले कर दिया गया, लेकिन फादर की आत्मा तो रांची आने के लिए बेचैन थी।
बेशक, १९८२ का १७ अगस्त रांची के लिए बहुत भारी साबित हुआ होगा और तब तो और, जब उन्हें पता लगा होगा कि फादर का अंतिम दर्शन भी नहीं कर सकते!
पर, रांची को एक लंबा इंतजार करना पड़ा। ३६ साल। दिल्ली से रांची उनके पवित्र अवशेषों को ले आने में सोसाइटी ऑफ जीसस रांची प्रोविंस के प्रोविंशियल फादर जोसेफ मरियानुस कुजूर की अहम भूमिका रही। दो सालों से इस अभियान में लगे थे। उनके कारण ही यह संभव हो पाया और फादर अपनी कर्मभूमि लौट पाए। इसी १३ मार्च को उनका अवशेष रांची ले आया गया और फिर १४ मार्च को उसी जेवियर कॉलेज के प्रांगण में उन्हें पूरे सम्मान व उत्सव के साथ दफनाया गया। यहीं वे पढ़ाते थे। इस आंगन के चप्पे-चप्पे से वाकिफ थे। ईंट की दीवारें, परिसर की मिट्टी, पेड़-पौधे, लता-द्रुम, हवा-पानी सचमुच इस दिन इन्हें भी एक भरपूर तृप्ति का एहसास हुआ होगा और उस लंबी प्रतीक्षा के पूर्ण होने पर एक ठंडी सांस भरी होगी।
सचमुच, फादर की आत्मा को भी अब असीम शांति मिली होगी। जो उस समय दर्शन नहीं कर पाए थे, उन्होंने अब किया और पूरी श्रद्धा के साथ उन्हें याद किया। कॉलेज के युवा पीढ़ी के लिए यह किसी कौतूहल से कम नहीं था। हजारों छात्रा-छात्राएं और सैकड़ों गणमान्य और फादर को चाहने वाले उनके इस दुबारा अंतिम क्रिया में शामिल होने आए थे। नई पीढ़ी पहली बार जानी कि जिस शहर से कभी रांची की पहचान हुआ करती थी, वह कोई सामान्य आदमी नहीं था। उसका विराट व्यक्तित्व था और जो बाबा तुलसी के भक्तथे। ऐसी भक्ति अब दुर्लभ होती जा रही है!
फादर के जाने के बाद रामकथा पर उनके अंग्रेजी निबंधों को संपादित कर डॉ दिनेश्वर प्रसाद ने छपवाई। यह पांडुलिपि भी प्रकाशक के यहां दस सालों तक धूल फांकती रही। तब, दिनेश्वर बाबू भी अपने अंतिम दिनों में चल रहे था। उनके साथ उठना-बैठना होता था तब वे इसकी चिंता करते थे। हालांकि फादर की कुछ और सामग्री भी उनके यहां थी, लेकिन अब क्या हुई पता नहीं। उनके जीवित रहते अंग्रेजी का वह निबंध संग्रह छप कर आ गया। उनकी आंखें तृप्त हो गईं। उस किताब को देखकर उनकी धुंधली आंखों में एक गजब सी चमक दिखी। अब दिनेश्वर बाबू भी नहीं रहे।
नई पीढ़ी को तो पता ही नहीं था कि फादर बुल्के की कब्र रांची में नहीं, दिल्ली में थी। उनके नाम से जरूर पुरुलिया रोड का नाम बदलकर फादर कामिल बुल्के पथ कर दिया गया। मनरेसा हाउस, जहां वे रहते थे, एक आदमकद उनकी प्रतिमा लगी हुई है। उनकी निजी किताबें, उनके नाम से बने पुस्तकालय में थीं। अब यह पुस्तकालय भी जेवियर कॉलेज का हिस्सा बन गया, जहां फादर संस्कृत विभाग के अध्यक्ष और यहीं से अवकाश ग्रहण लिया। अब उसी प्रांगण में उन्हें फिर से दफ ना दिया गया।
फादर पैदा तो बेलजियम के फ्लैंडर्स प्रांत के रम्सकपैले गांव में एक सितंबर, १९०९ को हुए थे, लेकिन उन्हें तुलसी के प्रति ऐसी भक्ति जागी कि वे भारत चले आए और फिर सालों तुलसी को गुनते रहे। इसके लिए संस्कृत भी सीखी और हिंदी भी पढ़ी। इलाहाबाद विवि से धीरेंद्र वर्मा के निर्देशन में रामकथा पर काम किया। देश-दुनिया में प्रचलित रामकथा का अध्ययन आज तक हिंदीवाले भी नहीं कर पाए। हम तो राम के अस्तित्व पर ही सवाल उठाते रहे....। यह भी इत्तेफाक नहीं था कि उनके लिए अभिनंदन ग्रंथ तैयार हो रहा था, तब फादर ने कहा, इसे ७५ साल पूरे होने पर समर्पित करना, लेकिन ७५ साल आया नहीं और अभिनंदन ग्रंथ, स्मृति ग्रंथ के रूप में प्रकाशित करना पड़ा। बाइबल भी १९८६ में पूरा होकर छप गई...। ऐसे तुलसी भक्त को शत-शत प्रणाम। |
Onion skins and greens are not the only vegetables the pioneer children used to dye eggs. They probably used beets for pink and red, blackberries or Concord grapes for purple, chestnuts for blue, dandelion flowers or crocuses for yellow, rhubarb leaves for green, and sassafras root bark for orange (available at health food stores).
Gently boil one of the above-mentioned items in a large pan of water until the water is colored, remove the item (if desired), then add vinegar to the colored water (about 1 tablespoon per 2 cups of liquid). Gently lower raw eggs into the colored water and simmer to a hard boil (10–15 minutes). After the eggs have cooled, rub a dab of cooking oil on them to make them shine. |
The population of New Zealand in 2022 is 5,124,100.
This figure comes from stats.gov.nz and is based on the 2018 census, which reported a population of 4,699,755.
New Zealand is the 123rd largest country in the world by population and the third largest in Oceania (after Australia and Papua New Guinea).
New Zealand’s North Island has a population of 3,519,800 people, and its South Island has a population of 1,076,300. Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand, with a population of 1,454,300 people.
How many people live in New Zealand today
The latest official figures show that the population of New Zealand is 5,124,100 in June 2022.
Statistics New Zealand, the government statistical office who produced this estimate, also publishes a New Zealand population clock which shows up to the minute predictions of how many people live in New Zealand.
New Zealand’s population is growing at a rate of 0.8% per annum. Or, put another way, this means that there is one birth in New Zealand every nine minutes and one death every fifteen minutes. In addition net migration (immigration minus migration) produces a new resident every six and a half minutes.
For a developed nation, New Zealand has a relatively high population growth rate. This is partly because of high levels of immigration (estimated at 60,000 per year) and partly because it has a higher birth rate than most developed countries.
Although growth is expected to slow slightly in coming years, New Zealand’s population is likely to reach 5 million by 2026.
Largest cities in New Zealand
Auckland is the largest city in New Zealand. The capital city is home to 1,454,300 people (June 2015 estimate). It is the only city in New Zealand with a population of more than one million people. Auckland’s people are younger and more ethnically diverse than the national average.
Other cities in New Zealand with a population of more than 200,000 people are Wellington (398,300), Christchurch (381,800) and Hamilton (224,000).
Auckland is the largest city on New Zealand’s North Island and Christchurch is the largest city on South Island.
|Tauranga||130,800||Bay of Plenty|
|Rotorua||56,800||Bay of Plenty|
New Zealand census
New Zealand holds a census every five years.
The most recent census was scheduled to take place in 2011, but it was postponed because of the February 2011 earthquake in Christchurch. Instead, the most recent New Zealand census was held in 2013. The next census will take place in 2018.
Much of the information in this article is derived from the 2013 census results.
Ethnic groups and immigration
There are four major ethnic groups in New Zealand – Maori, Europeans, Pacific Islanders, and Asian.
Source. Note: totals add up to more than 100% because people were able to select more than one ethnicity in the 2013 census.
The Maori were the first group to arrive in New Zealand. No one is sure of the exact date of their arrival but recent scientific evidence, including radiocarbon dating, indicates that they arrived from East Polynesia somewhere between 1250 and 1300 AD.
Europeans first ’discovered’ New Zealand in the 15th century, but it wasn’t until the 18th century that the first permanent settlers arrived. While European settlers prospered, a combination of disease and war between Europeans and Maori led to a dramatic decline in the Maori population – from around 86,000 at the time of the first European settlement to just 42,000 in 1896. Life expectancy at birth fell from over 30 years before European arrival to an estimated 25 years for Maori men and 23 for women.
In the years that followed, immigration from Europe (mainly Great Britain) and Australia saw the overall population of New Zealand increase to almost 1 million people at the end of the 19th century. Restrictions on immigration were imposed – first in the 19th century to restrict the number of immigrants arriving from China and, later, in the 1920s and 1930s to restrict immigration from anywhere but Great Britain.
New Zealand’s close ties with its Pacific Island colonies led to increasing immigration from the 1940s onwards. Although increasingly independent, many Pacific islands (for example the Cook Islands) have a constitutional relationship with New Zealand and their citizens are New Zealand citizens able to settle freely anywhere in the country. Today, around 300,000 (7.4%) of New Zealand’s population is counted as Pacific islander.
In recent years New Zealand’s immigration policy has undergone a dramatic shift and is now based on a points system. As a result, immigration from Asia has increased significantly – to the extend that 471,708 (11.8%) of New Zealanders reported in the last census that their ethnicity was Asian.
In total, more than 25% of New Zealanders reported in the 2013 census that they were born outside of New Zealand.
Christianity is the largest religion in New Zealand, although it is in decline. The percentage of Christians has fallen from 58.9% in 2001 to 47.6% in 2013.
This corresponds with a rise in the number of people who report that they have no religion – up from 29.6% in 2001 to 41.9% in 2013.
Other religious groups of significant size are Hindu (2.11%), Maori Christian (1.4%), Buddhist (1.5%) and Islam (1.2%).
|Object to answering||4.44%||6.90%|
Catholics are the largest group of Christians in New Zealand, with 12.6%, followed by Anglican (11.8%) and Presbyterian (8.5%).
English is the most common language in New Zealand – it is spoken by 96.1% of people. This is followed by Maori (3.7%), Samoan (2.2%) and Hindi (1.7%).
For many years, the use of Maori was discouraged in New Zealand and the number of speakers declined dramatically.
However, the Maori language has undergone a resurgence in recent years. In 1987, Maori was declared an official language of New Zealand and a number of Maori language TV channels are now broadcast.
Samoan is the most prominent non-official language, followed by a number of other languages spoken by immigrants to New Zealand – for example, Hindi, Mandarin Chinese, French and German.
Literacy rate and Education
New Zealand’s literacy rate (reported by UNESCO) is 99% for both men and women.
Education in New Zealand is compulsory for children aged 6-16. Most are taught in free state funded schools but there is also a number of private schools and home schooling is allowed.
New Zealand invests heavily in tertiary (university) education. There are 469,107 students in tertiary education in New Zealand (2009 data) and more than 50% of New Zealanders hold a tertiary qualification.
New Zealand spends 6.2% of GDP on education.
New Zealand’s territory is 268,021km2 (or 103,483 m2).
This gives a population density (based on the New Zealand 2016 population) of 17.2 people per km2 or 44.4 people per km2.
New Zealand is one of the least densely populated countries in the world and is roughly as densely populated as Zambia or Sudan.
Other New Zealand demographics
Latest data (2012-14) shows that life expectancy for females in New Zealand is 83.2 years. Life expectancy for males in New Zealand is slightly lower, at 79.5 years.
Non-Maori females have the highest life expectancy – at birth they can expect to live to 83.9 years. Non-Maori males can expect to live until 80.3 years.
Life expectancy for Maori in New Zealand is lower than for non-Maori, although the gap is narrowing. In 2012-14, the average life expectancy at birth is 77.1 years for a Maori female and 73.0 years for a Maori man.
Pacific Islanders also have a lower than average life expectancy, although slightly higher than the Maori life expectancy. Pacific Islander life expectancy at birth (2012-14) is 78.7 years for a female and 74.5 years for a male.
Statistics New Zealand have a handy calculator that you can use to estimate your life expectancy.
Median age in New Zealand is 38.0 years. Female median age is 38.9 years and male median age is 36.9 years.
Birth rate and death rate
New Zealand’s birth rate is 13.27 births per 1,000 people.
This compares with a lower death rate of 6.87 deaths per 1,000 people.
New Zealand’s fertility rate is 1.99 births per woman.
New Zealand population pyramid
Here is a New Zealand population pyramid (2016).
We also recommend taking a look at this interactive New Zealand population pyramid.
New Zealand population growth table
|Year||Population||% change +/-|
In parts, this work is based on/includes Statistics New Zealand’s data which are licensed by Statistics New Zealand for re-use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. We would like to thank them for providing such a detailed resource. They have a comprehensive and easy to understand series of articles on their site that contain data and information about the population of New Zealand and we recommend visiting. |
Scientists Pull a Fast One:
Let's Change the Meaning
of the Word "Nutritious."
It's the Pesticides, Dorks!
A study published last week by two Stanford researchers, Crystal Smith-Spangler, MD and Margaret Brandeau, Ph.D. in the Sep. 4 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine1 claims that organic produce is no more nutritious than conventional food.
But this sensational claim ignores a primary concern consumers have about the safety of today's industrialized food supply and what it serves up: unhealthy doses of pesticides.
The Stanford study acknowledges that organic food comes with substantially lower pesticide residues. But it claims organic food is not more nutritious because both organic and conventional produce meet EPA standards for pesticide residues most of the time. It does confirm that organic produce is less contaminated with detectable levels of pesticide.
Yet millions of Americans vote with their dollars at Whole Foods every day. The 40-year success of the organic foods industry shows that substantial segments of the public question the very concept of “safe” levels of pesticide residues below which measurable effects allegedly don’t occur.
The Chicago Tribune reports2 that the EPA has placed a chemical industry lobbyist in charge of the program that decides whether household chemicals are safe. This lobbyist has a long history of claiming that fire retardants and other chemicals added to household products are safe in concentrations hundreds of times above current standards. Practices like these feed the public’s concerns.
There’s also a substantial body of research suggesting that pesticides and the crops genetically modified to tolerate them may be affecting the public in ways that may not be reflected in current safety standards.3-6
Pesticides are often tested by exposing lab animals to relatively high doses for relatively short periods of time, compared to the exposures humans get in real life,7 in part for economic reasons.8 Pesticides are usually tested one at a time, and analysts often assume that the effects of pesticide combinations can be arrived at by addition9 instead of multiplication (aka: synergistic effects.) This practice can underestimate the effects of combinations of pesticides, the kind of complex randomized exposures humans receive from the food supply.10
UK researchers recently tested three widely used toxins in combination for their effects on human brain cells. They observed significant damage to the cells’ ability to generate energy and protect themselves from inflammation.11
The kind of inflammation observed, along with the falloff in energy production the inflammation creates,12 has been shown to have adverse effects on human moods,13-15 on childrens’ ability to learn,16 autism17,18 and appears to invite the onset of neurodegenerative diseases19,20 including dementia21,22 and Alzheimer’s Disease.23
The conventional agriculture community is aware that combining many pesticides appears to enhance their effects beyond what one would expect by simply totaling their separate actions. A growing body of evidence suggests that old models underlying the EPA’s safety standards may be flawed, and that current standards are far too relaxed if the goal is to protect the most vulnerable members of society: children.24-26
For decades the only long-term issue screened for by pesticide testing was cancer. More recently it’s been determined that endocrine disruptors, chemicals that interfere with or enhance the action of hormones, may also be a major risk.
Children are more vulnerable than adults27,28 and especially the developing fetus. Damage can occur at exposure levels encountered commonly today.29,30
By accepting EPA "safe" levels for pesticide exposure at face value and subsituting a highly-technical definition of "nutritious" for the one in common usage, Smith-Spangler and Brandeau ignore a principal reason some consumers prefer organic food and consider it more "nutritious" than conventionally-produced food.
Researchers may decide, for technical reasons, that the presence of pesticides in our food supply doesn't matter. For the rest of us ... there's plenty of hard evidence supporting the idea that organic food is more "nutritious."
1. Smith-Spangler C, Brandeau ML,. Are organic foods safer or healthier than conventional alternatives?: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Sep 4;157(5):348-66.
2. Hawthorne, M. Chemical firm's champion now EPA expert. Chicago Tribue Sep. 20, 2012.
3. Relevant research indexed here.
4. Verma, C., Nanda, S. A Review on Impacts of Genetically Modified Food on Human Health. The Open Nutraceuticals Journal, 2011. (4):3-11.
5. de Vendômois JS., Roullier F., A comparison of the effects of three GM corn varieties on mammalian health. Int J Biol Sci. 2009 Dec 10;5(7):706-26.
6. Vandenberg LN, Colborn T, Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses. Endocr Rev. 2012 Jun;33(3):378-455.
7. Alink G., Barlow S., et al. Safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants and derived food and feed: the role of animal feeding trials. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Mar;46 Suppl 1:S2-70.
8. Boobis AR, Ossendorp BC., Studying toxicants as single chemicals: does this strategy adequately identify neurotoxic risk? Neurotoxicology. 2005 Aug;26(4):491-510.
9. Gennings C., Carter, WH. Jr., A Unifying Concept for Assessing Toxicological Interactions: Changes in Slope. Toxicological Sciences 2005 88(2): 287-297.
10. Cory-Slechta DA. Studying toxicants as single chemicals: does this strategy adequately identify neurotoxic risk? Cory-Slechta DA. Neurotoxicology. 2005 Aug;26(4):491-510.
11. Coleman, MD., JO'Neil, JD., et al. A Preliminary Investigation into the Impact of a Pesticide Combination on Human Neuronal and Glial Cell Lines In Vitro. PLoS One. 2012; 7(8):e42768.
12. Sas K., Robotka H., Mitochondria, metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress and the kynurenine system, with focus on neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurol Sci. 2007 Jun 15;257(1-2):221-39.
13. Kodydková J, Vávrová L,Antioxidative enzymes and increased oxidative stress in depressive women. Clin Biochem. 2009 Sep;42(13-14):1368-74
14. Behr, GA., Moreira, JCF., Preclinical and Clinical Evidence of Antioxidant Effects of Antidepressant Agents: Implications for the Pathophysiology of Major Depressive Disorder. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 22012:609421.
15. Vaccarino, V., Brennan, ML., et al. Association of Major Depressive Disorder with Serum Myeloperoxidase and other Markers of Inflammation: A Twin Study. Biol Psychiatry. 2008 64(6):476–483.
16. Marks, AR>, Harley, K. Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Attention in Young Mexican-American Children: The CHAMACOS Study. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 118(12):1768–1774.
17. Rossignol1, DA., Frye, RE., A review of research trends in physiological abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders: immune dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and environmental toxicant exposures. Mol Psychiatry. 2012 17(4):389–401.
18. Adams, JD., Audhya, t., Nutritional and metabolic status of children with autism vs. neurotypical children, and the association with autism severity. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2011 8:34.
19. Rao AV, Balachandran B. Role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in neurodegenerative diseases. Nutr Neurosci. 2002 Oct;5(5):291-309.
20. Deschamps V., Barberger-Gateau P., et al. Nutritional factors in cerebral aging and dementia: epidemiological arguments for a role of oxidative stress. Neuroepidemiology. 2001 Feb;20(1):7-15
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मुंबई: पॉर्न स्टार से बॉलीवुड स्टार बनीं युवा दिलों की धड़कन सनी लियोनी अब अपने फैंस के लिए एक और गुड न्यूज देने जा रही हैं। खबर है कि यह सेक्सी अभिनेत्री ने मां बनने का फैसला किया है।
डीएनए की रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, सनी लियोनी और उसके हस्बैंड डेनियल वेबर कुछ समय से मां-बाप का सुख प्राप्त करने का विचार करता आ रहा है। वे दोनों बेबी के लिए प्लान करने का उचित समय का इंतजार कर रहे हैं।
लियोनी की सासु मां भी दादी बनने के लिए लालायित है। इसलिए यह दंपत्ति जल्द बच्चे पैदा करना चाहते हैं।
डीएनए ने लियोनी के हवाले से लिखा, हम दोनों बच्चे चाहते हैं। इसके लिए सही समय का इंतजार कर रहे हैं। मेरी मदर इन लॉ ने लास्ट वीक इसको लेकर बोली थीं। उन्हें पोता-पोती चाहिए। हम बहुत देर कर चुके हैं।
सनी लियोनी रियलिटी शो 'बिग बॉस' से सुर्खियों में आईँ। उसके बाद बॉलीवुड में कदम रखा और सबके दिलों पर छा गई। हम सनी और उसके पति को इसके लिए शुभकामानाएं देते हैं। |
हम विशेष हैं ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन निर्माताओं और आपूर्तिकर्ताओं / कारखाने चीन से। कम कीमत / सस्ते के रूप में उच्च गुणवत्ता के साथ थोक ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन, चीन से अग्रणी ब्रांडों में से एक ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन में से एक, शानदोंग ज़िशंग केमिकल को.लैड।
थोक चीन से ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन , लेकिन कम कीमत के अग्रणी निर्माताओं के रूप में सस्ते ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन खोजने की आवश्यकता है। बस ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन पर उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले ब्रांडों पा कारखाना उत्पादन, आप आप क्या चाहते हैं, बचत शुरू करते हैं और हमारे ९८ मिन एन एन डायथिलिनिलिनेबरेन का पता लगाने के बारे में भी राय, आप में सबसे तेजी से उत्तर हम करूँगा कर सकते हैं। |
अंगद देव या गुरू अंगद देव सिखो के एक गुरू थे। गुरू अंगद देव महाराज जी का सृजनात्मक व्यक्तित्व था। उनमें ऐसी अध्यात्मिक क्रियाशीलता थी जिससे पहले वे एक सच्चे सिख बनें और फिर एक महान गुरु। गुरू अंगद साहिब जी (भाई लहना जी) का जन्म हरीके नामक गांव में, जो कि फिरोजपुर, पंजाब में आता है, वैसाख वदी १, (पंचम् वैसाख) सम्वत १५६१ (१० अप्रैल १५०४) को हुआ था। गुरुजी एक व्यापारी श्री फेरू जी के पुत्र थे। उनकी माता जी का नाम माता रामो देवी जी था। बाबा नारायण दास त्रेहन उनके दादा जी थे, जिनका पैतृक निवास मत्ते-दी-सराय, जो मुख्तसर के समीप है, में था। फेरू जी बाद में इसी स्थान पर आकर निवास करने लगे।
एक बार भाई लहना जी ने भाई जोधा जी (सतगुर नानक साहिब के अनुयायी एक सिख) के मुख से गुरू नानक साहिब जी के शबद सुने और शब्द में कहे गए गुरमत के फलसफे से वो बहुत प्रभावित हुए। लहना जी निर्णय लिया कि वो सतगुर नानक साहिब के दर्शन के लिए करतारपुर जायेंगे। उनकी सतगुर नानक साहिब जी से पहली भेंट ने उनके जीवन में क्रांति ला दी। सतगुर नानक ने उन्हें आदि शक्ति या हुक्म का भेद समझाया और बताया की परमेशर की शक्ति कोई औरत या मूर्ती नहीं है बल्कि वोह वो रूप हीन है और उसकी प्राप्ति सिर्फ अपने अंदर से ही की जा सकती है। सतगुरु नानक से भाई लहने ने आत्म ज्ञान लिया जिसने उन्हें पूर्ण रूप से बदल दिया।
२ अक्टूबर १५३९ को गुरू नानक साहिब जी की ज्योति जोत समाने के पश्चात गुरू अंगद साहिब करतारपुर छोड़ कर खडूर साहिब गांव (गोइन्दवाल के समीप) चले गये। उन्होने गुरू नानक साहिब जी के विचारों को दोनों ही रूप में, लिखित एवं भावनात्मक, प्रचारित किया। विभिन्न मतावलम्बियों, मतों, पंथों, सम्प्रदायों के योगी एवं संतों से उन्होंने आध्यात्म के विषय में गहन वार्तालाप किया।
गुरू अंगद साहिब ने गुरु नानकदेव प्रदत्त पंजाबी लिपि के वर्णों में फेरबदल कर गुरूमुखी लिपि की एक वर्णमाला को प्रस्तुत किया। वह लिपि बहुत जल्द लोगों में लोकप्रिय हो गयी। उन्होने बच्चों की शिक्षा में विशेष रूचि ली। उन्होंने विद्यालय व साहित्य केन्द्रों की स्थापना की। नवयुवकों के लिए उन्होंने मल्ल-अखाड़ा की प्रथा शुरू की। जहां पर शारीरिक ही नहीं, अपितु आध्यात्मिक नैपुण्यता प्राप्त होती थी। उन्होने भाई बाला जी से गुरू नानक साहिब जी के जीवन के तथ्यों के बारे में जाना एवं गुरू नानक साहिब जी की जीवनी लिखी। उन्होने ६३ श्लोकों की रचना की, जो कि गुरू ग्रन्थ साहिब जी में अंकित हैं। उन्होने गुरू नानक साहिब जी द्वारा चलायी गयी 'गुरू का लंगर' की प्रथा को सशक्त तथा प्रभावी बनाया। गुरू अंगद साहिब जी ने गुरू नानक साहिब जी द्वारा स्थापित सभी महत्वपूर्ण स्थानों एवं केन्द्रों का दौरा किया एवं सिख धर्म के प्रवचन सुनाये। उन्होने सैकड़ों नयी संगतों को स्थापित किया और इस प्रकार सिख धर्म के आधार को बल दिया। क्योंकि सिख धर्म का शैशवकाल था, इसलिए सिख धर्म को बहुत सी कठिनाइयों का सामना करना पड़ा। सिख पंथ ने अपनी एक धार्मिक पहचान स्थापित की। गुरू अंगद साहिब ने गुरू नानक साहिब द्वारा स्थापित परम्परा के अनुरूप अपनी मृत्यु से पहले अमर दास साहिब को गुरुपद प्रदान किया। उन्होंने गुरमत विचार-गुरु शबद् रचनाओं को गुरू अमर दास साहिब जी को सौंप दिया। ४८ वर्ष की आयु में ८ अप्रैल १५५२ को वे ज्योति जोत समा गए। उन्होंने खडूर साहिब के निकट गोइन्दवाल में एक नये शहर का निर्माण कार्य शुरू किया था एवं गुरू अमर दास जी को इस निर्माण कार्य की देख रेख का जिम्मा सौंपा था।
अन्तिम परिवर्तन ११:०२, १७ जून 2०२0। |
मध्यप्रदेश ( मध्य प्रदेश ) के बुरहानपुर ( बुरहानपुर ) में आदिवासियों पर हुए गोलीकांड ( फ़िरिंग ऑन ट्राइबल ) के बाद राजनीति गर्मा गई है। पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री एवं कांग्रेस के दिग्गज नेता ( कांग्रेस लीडर ) दिग्विजय सिंह ( दिग्विजय सिंह ) ने इस मुद्दे पर अपनी ही सरकार को घेरा है।
भोपाल। मध्यप्रदेश ( मध्य प्रदेश ) के बुरहानपुर ( बुरहानपुर ) में आदिवासियों पर हुए गोलीकांड ( फ़िरिंग ऑन ट्राइबल ) के बाद राजनीति गर्मा गई है। पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री एवं कांग्रेस के दिग्गज नेता ( कांग्रेस लीडर ) दिग्विजय सिंह ( दिग्विजय सिंह ) ने इस मुद्दे पर अपनी ही सरकार को घेरा है। इनके अलावा कांग्रेस नेता ज्योतिरादित्य सिंधिया ने भी ट्वीट कर दोषी अधिकारियों पर कार्रवाई की मांग की है।
मध्यप्रदेश के पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री दिग्विजय सिंह ने शनिवार को ट्वीट कर इस मामले की निंदा कर दोषियों पर कार्यवाही की मांग की है। दिग्विजय सिंह ने लिखा है कि कमलनाथजी के नेतृत्व में कांग्रेस की सरकार की प्राथमिकता आदिवासी विकास और उनके अधिकारों का संरक्षण है। जो घटना हुई है, वह मौजूदा शासन की घोषित नीति के विरुद्ध है, अत: निंदनीय है। उन्होंने कहा कि तत्काल शासन को दोषी अधिकारियों पर कार्यवाही करना चाहिए।
इधर, कांग्रेस नेता ज्योतिरादित्य सिंधिया ने भी ट्वीट कर बुरहानपुर घटना की निंदा की है। उन्होंने कहा कि आदिवासी जनजातियों की प्रगति व कल्याण, मध्यप्रदेश सरकार की प्राथमिकता है। बेहरामपुर में हुई दुर्भाग्यपूर्ण घटना निंदनीय है। मुखयमंत्री से निवेदन करता हूं कि मामले की पारदर्शी और निष्पक्ष रूप से जांच हो और दोषी अधिकारियों पर कड़ी कार्यवाही की जाए।
मनावर से कांग्रेस विधायक डॉ. हीरा अलावा ने भी एक पत्र मुख्यमंत्री कमलनाथ को लिखा है। उन्होंने फायरिंग में घायल चार आदिवासियों को मुआवजा देने की मांग की है, साथ ही आदिवासियों पर लगाए गए केस भी वापस लेने की मांग की है। उन्होंने कहा है कि ९ जुलाई 201९ को बुरहानपुर जिले के ग्राम सिवल में पुलिस और रेवेन्यू अधिकारी सहित वन विभाग का अमला पहुंचा और जेसीबी से खेतों में गड्ढे खोदकर फसल उखाड़ने लगे। जब सिवल के रहने वाले बारेला आदिवासी फसल उखाड़ने का विरोध करने लगे तो वन विभाग के अमले ने फायरिंग कर दी। जिससे निकले छर्रे से चार आदिवासी घायल हो गए।
-गोखरिया पिता गाटला बडोले के गर्दन और छाती में छर्रे लगे, जिसके छर्रे अब तक नहीं निकाले जा सके, इसलिए उन्हें डाक्टरों ने इंदौर रेफर किया है।
-भूरालाल पिता मांग्स्या अचाले को सीने एवं पैर पर छर्रों के कारण चोटें आई हैं।
-राकेश पिता रमा अचाले के हाथ और पैर पर चोटें आई हैं।
-वकील पिता भक्ला को घुटे के नीचे चोट लगी है।
गौरतलब है कि ९ जुलाई 201९ मंगलवार सुबह बदनापुर वन परिक्षेत्र के बीट क्रमांक २४६ में पौधरोपण के लिए खंती खोदने गए वन अमले को स्थानीय लोगों ने विरोध किया। ३०० अफसरों की टीम को १०० अतिक्रमणकारियों ने भागने पर मजबूर कर दिया। भगदड़ में एसडीओ भूपेशकुमार शुक्ला भी घायल हो गए। दोपहर में वन अमला दोबारा गया तो आदिवासियों ने उन्हें घेर लिया बाद में वे किसी तरह समझाइश के बाद छह जेसीबी मशीन के कांच टूट गए। मामले में पुलिस ने शासकीय कार्य में बाधा, बलवा का प्रकरण दर्ज किया था। कलेक्टर राजेश कुमार कौल और एसपी अजयसिंह नेपानगर पहुंचे और दोनों अधिकारी रात १२ बजे तक यहां डटे रहे। इसके बाद मंगलवार रात एक बजे खरगोन रेंज डीआइजी भी पहुंचे और सुबह पांच बजे अफसरों ने घटनास्थल जाकर जांच की। इस दौरान आदिवासियों ने अतिक्रमण हटाने की कार्रवाई में गोली चलाकर घायल करने की शिकायत की। |
|Description:||North, south, east, and west are insufficient terms for referring to directions within the galaxy. Instead, the following conventions have achieved widespread acceptance when referring to direction: Toward the galactic core (toward Capital from Terra) is coreward; away from it, in the direction of the rim, is rimward. In the direction in which the galaxy is rotating (toward the Spinward Marches from Vland) is spinward, and the other direction is trailing.|
These directions are in widespread use in describing Imperial features and businesses. For example, the Spinward Marches is a sector at the extreme spinward fringe of the Imperium; Rimward Lines is an important interstellar transport company. Finally, within the Imperium, the term coreward is also used to indicate the direction of Capital, the Imperial core. There is some potential for confusion if the term is accepted out of context. |
Virginia Oldoini Verasis, countess di Castiglione, (born March 22, 1835, Florence, duchy of Tuscany [Italy]—died Nov. 28, 1899, Paris, France), Tuscan noblewoman who occupied a predominant position in the courts of both Turin and Paris and influenced Franco-Italian political relations.
Married in 1854 to Count Francesco Verasis di Castiglione, who was attached to the court of King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia-Piedmont (later of Italy), she possessed a charm that, along with her sharp wit, gained her an influential position in the society of Turin, which called her “la divina contessa.” The Italian prime minister Count di Cavour, understanding the political possibilities of such a captivating woman, sent her to Paris in February 1856.
The countess quickly won the heart of the French court of Napoleon III, upon whom she exercised considerable influence. She is said to have contributed to the Franco-Sardinian alliance, although her precise political impact remains obscure. Her diplomatic correspondence is believed to have been destroyed by the Italian government.
Having fallen into disfavour in 1860, for unclear reasons, she withdrew from Paris. She returned a year later but had lost much of her influence. The Parisian society she had known fell in 1870 along with the French Empire, and the countess lived in retreat in Paris until her death.
During the last four decades of her life, the countess commissioned photographic portraits of herself from photographer Pierre-Louis Pierson of the fashionable Paris studio Mayer & Pierson. The photographs were later collected in La Divine Comtesse: Photographs of the Countess de Castiglione (2000). |
यदि हम शासन की व्युत्पत्ति के मूल व्युत्पत्ति की स्थापना करते थे जो अब हमारे पास है, तो हमें स्पष्ट होना पड़ेगा कि यह लैटिन में है। इस प्रकार, हम यह निर्धारित कर सकते हैं कि क्रिया रॉबर्ट से निकलती है, जिसका अनुवाद "एक नाव का संचालन" के रूप में किया जा सकता है।
शासन प्रशासन की गुणवत्ता है (जिसे नियंत्रित किया जा सकता है)। अवधारणा का उपयोग शासन के लिए एक पर्याय के रूप में भी किया जाता है ( शासन करने का तरीका)। उदाहरण के लिए: "विपक्ष अपने असहिष्णु रवैये के साथ देश की शासन क्षमता को दांव पर लगाता है", "यह ऋण हमें शासन को मजबूत करने और संकट से बचने की अनुमति देता है", "हम शासन को गारंटी देने के लिए रेत के हमारे अनाज का योगदान करेंगे" ।
शासन की धारणा की कोई सटीक परिभाषा नहीं है, लेकिन अवधारणा अलग-अलग है और जो इसे बनाती है, उसके आधार पर विभिन्न बारीकियों को दर्शाती है। शासन एक सरकार की शैली से जुड़ा हुआ है जो गैर-राज्य अभिनेताओं के साथ सहयोग और समझ चाहता है।
एक राष्ट्रवादी सरकार या जो राज्य के महत्व का समर्थन करती है, दूसरी ओर, पुष्टि करेगी कि शासन स्वतंत्रता पर निर्भर करता है कि अधिकारियों को सामाजिक व्यवस्था का निर्माण करना पड़ सकता है।
कई ऐसे विद्वान हैं जिन्होंने पूरे इतिहास में बहुत भिन्न दृष्टिकोणों से शासन का विश्लेषण किया है। इस मामले में, हमें यह उजागर करना होगा कि अकादमिक लुसियानो टोमासिनी द्वारा सबसे दिलचस्प अध्ययनों में से एक किया गया था, जो मुख्य रूप से उन तत्वों को निर्धारित करने पर ध्यान केंद्रित करता था जो उस सुविधा को बाधित या बाधा देते थे।
इस तरह, यह समझा गया कि सबसे महत्वपूर्ण कारकों में देश की अर्थव्यवस्था का व्यवहार और निर्देशन, नागरिक समाज द्वारा हर समय दिखाए जाने वाले सुदृढ़ीकरण का स्तर था, कि समाज के सभी क्षेत्र हैं उत्पादक प्रणाली में शामिल और सहभागी होगा और नीति और दिशानिर्देश जो हर समय नीति ले रहे हैं।
उसी तरह, यह उन सिद्धांतों पर जोर देने के लायक भी है जो अन्य विचारकों, शिक्षाविदों और विशेषज्ञों ने इसी अर्थ में विकसित किए हैं जैसा कि आर्बोस और ग्रेनर का मामला होगा। किए गए अध्ययनों के सेट से, यह स्थापित किया जाता है कि किसी राष्ट्र की शासन क्षमता को प्रभावित करने वाले कारक निर्विवाद रूप से विकास और तकनीकी विकास हैं जो सत्ताधारी सरकार की प्रभावशीलता को प्रस्तुत करते हैं और उक्त समाज की संरचना और अनुकूलन को प्रभावित करते हैं। दीवानी और सरकार द्वारा घिरे बाकी एजेंटों द्वारा किए गए दबाव को भी।
एक सामान्य स्तर पर, यह कहा जा सकता है कि शासन की विभिन्न परिभाषाओं में आम तौर पर बिंदु को सरकारी कार्रवाई के लिए अनुकूल परिस्थितियों के साथ करना है। एक ऐसी सरकार जिसके पास सुशासन की स्थिति है, इसलिए, वह अपनी नीतियों को विकसित करने और लागू करने में सक्षम होगी।
ऐसे कई कारक हैं जो शासन को जोखिम में डाल सकते हैं। विपक्षी दल जो सरकारी उपायों में बाधा डालने के लिए जिम्मेदार हैं, सेना संवैधानिक व्यवस्था को बदलने के लिए तैयार है और अर्थव्यवस्था को अस्थिर करने वाले बाजार बल उनमें से कुछ हैं। हालाँकि, यह एक सरकार के लिए विपक्ष पर आलोचना करने का आरोप है कि वह शासन को बाधित करने का आरोप लगाती है, तब भी जब ये दल अपने स्वयं के पदों का बचाव करने के लिए खुद को सीमित करते हैं। |
Great Lakes Athletic Club is an excellent option for athletic-minded travelers staying in the Auburn Hills area. Located 5 miles from three of our recommended hotels, this private fitness club allows guests to access the facility for $20/day and $39/week. If you plan on working out more than once, we suggest getting the week pass, especially if you're a swimmer. GLAC has a newly-converted 6-lane 25 yard saltwater lap pool, as well as a similarly-sized outdoor pool when weather permits.
Additional amenities include an indoor track (3 lanes; 1/10 mile per lap), an outdoor track, two racquetball courts, two basketball courts, sauna and steam room, towels, over 100 group fitness classes, machine and free weight equipment, over 100 pieces of cardio equipment, and a circuit training studio. There's also a rock wall with three climbing surfaces and measures over 25 feet high.
If you're hungry post-workout, GLAC has the Vitality Cafe that can top off the fuel tank. |
What They Are & How To Prepare ThemNigerian foods are diverse and exciting. They are often unrefined natural foods, rich in dietary fibers, low GI carbohydrates and a wide range of highly nutritious and vitamin rich combination.
When people talk about foods eaten in Africa in general, and Nigeria in particular, they tend to forget that items highly sought after in Western countries like cassava, yams, plantain, palm oil, coconut and coconut oils, Nigerian brown beans, and rice do not grow in the West.
|This is Fried Ripe Plantain, the Nigerian way, also called dodo. It is a common accompaniment to a dish of rice.||This is a dish of jollof rice, served with mio mio and salad, as well as king prawn shrimps and fresh fish. Hmm.||A Plate of egusi soup and assorted meat and fresh fish. Another great Nigerian soup.|
Most of these items come in from Africa, Asia and South America, yet they make up the bulk of Nigerian and African foods. What about those tropical fruits like oranges, tangerines, mangoes, pawpaw, African bread fruit, banana, African bush mango, carrots, to name but a few, these are everyday food items that make up the Nigerian food dish.
The list of foods eaten in Nigeria is literally inexhaustible. Being the most populous country in Africa, with about 160,000,000 inhabitants (population of 160 million) and over 500 totally different ethnic groups and languages (according to Wikipedia), all reflecting different cultures, cutting across different natural geographic zones including the Sahara desert, the Green Savanna, the thick Tropical Rain Forest, with different soil tendencies and properties, it is easy to see how diverse the staple food across the vast region called Nigeria could be.
A list of common Nigerian foods that cuts across most of the above lines, covering the major ethnic groups in nigeria, including Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo, Ijaw, Urhobo, Efik, Ibibios, Itsekiris, Binis, Ishans, Idomas, and many others, include:
- Nigerian Stew
- Afang Soup
- Banga Soup or Palm Fruit Soup
- Bitter Leaf Soup
- Egusi Soup also called Melon Soup
- Edikang Ikong Soup
- Okro Soup
- Ogbono Soup
- Gbegiri Soup
- Melon Peppersoup
- Atama Soup
- Groundnut soup
- Ofe Nsala
- Ofe Onubu (Bitter leaf soup)
- Ofe Oha
- Ewedu soup
- vegetable sauce
- Owo soup
- Green leaf Sauce
- Miyan kuka
- Miyan kabewa
- Miya yakwa
- Miya taushe
- Yam porridge
- Plantain Porridge
- Potato porridge
- Beans porridge
- Asa Iwa
- Ekpang Nkokwo
- Pepper Soups fish, goat meat, chicken
- Isi ewu
- Moi Moi
- Jellof rice
- White Rice
- Fried Rice
- vegetable rice
- Pounded Yam
- Tuowo Masara
- Egun Obobo
- Fried Plantain or Dodo
- Lafun or Cassava fufu
- Cassava Fufu
- Asa Ibibot (Corn kernel Porridge)
- Akara Mboro (Banana balls)
- Akara Cake (bean fritters)
- Akamu, Ogi or Pap
- Abacha Ugba (African Salad)
The above list is not exhaustive as mentioned earlier. If you have a Nigerian food recipe item you are looking for or you want to show up here, you can submit it using the discussion box below.
Why Nigerian Foods
For Nigerians in Nigeria, it is obvious that they will continue to enjoy the delicacies of their inheritance, with it's attendant health benefits. They need to be confident that well prepared African food, be it Nigerian or Ghanaian, or Zimbabwean, is rich in nutrients and constitutes a very balanced source of carbohydrates, proteins, fat, minerals, and essential vitamins.
For the Nigerian in diaspora, and even more so for their offspring born abroad and living in the West, it is important that they do not relegate their Nigerian food dishes to the background, in favour of Western diets. This is strictly for health and nutritional reasons. Medical evidence abounds that the unrefined African food is superior in helping to maintain good health.
Below are evidence based scientific reasons why you should regularly include Nigerian food items in your menu if you can. We shall discuss a few of the African food items that make up a typical Nigerian food dish.
Plantain is a component of many Nigerian food recipe, like plantain porridge, dodo and rice, plantain fufu, epuoruo, boiled plantain and pepper soup serving, and more. This is eaten regularly across Southern, Eastern and Western Nigeria.
It has been shown to be rich in low GI carbohydrate (good for weight loss diet, and for diabetic patients) that helps in ensuring a slow release of energy over extended period of time. More recently, it has been demonstrated in many studies to be rich in soluble plant fibres that helps protects the gut against many infections, and even against Crohn's disease (Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology Journal, 2010 - nature.com).
If you suffer with Crohns disease, try plantain in your diet for six months and see how it will help.
Cassava is almost "ominipresent" in Africa and certainly in Nigeria. From it comes a vast range of Nigerian food recipes like gari, eba, lafun, tapioca, cassava dough, cassava fufu, boiled cassava meal, starch served with banga soup, cassava chips, cassava based bread, ...
Cassava is world acclaimed to be gluten free. It is a good substitution for bread, and wheat products, in the diet of those who suffer with coeliac disease, and other related gluten "enteropathies".
It is also very rich in dietary fibre, and it is again a low GI carbohydrate. It is superior to potatoes, wheat, and rice in this regard.
Bitter leaf is simply the leaf of the plant called Vernonia amygdaline. It is proven to be very rich in phytochemicals that protects the body against various cancers and help in the treatment of liver cancer in particular. A few years ago, a UK journal carried the following heading, "A diet Rich In Phytochemicals Offers Best Anticancer Effects", showing that this often ignored Nigerian vegetable has yet untapped potentials (Journal - Oncology Times: 25 September 2005 - Volume 27 - Issue 18 - p 36-37).
Time and space will fail us if we were to list other components of Nigerian food items like Ogbono that is shown to be very good weight loss agent, as well as a good aphrodisiac (sexual enhancing agent). Palm oil, that is now recognized to offer protect from heart attacks, Nigerian honey beans, yam, cocoyam that are now finding place in many western diets.
Nigerian honey beans for example is a uniquely sweet beans, that if you taste it once, you will never touch baked beans again or any type of beans.
Where To Buy Nigerian Foods Online
Are you looking for where to buy Nigerian food online? Thankfully, you do not need to take a cheap flight off to Lagos or anywhere in Nigeria to get your food again.
You can buy common Nigerian and African foods including garri, egusi, amala, rice, yam, plantain, indomie, pounded yam, banga soup paste, gbegiri, edikaekio, owo and pepper soup ingredients, online from The African food Shop Online.
Nigerian Foods: Have Your Say
Do you have a great story, idea, or fantastic Nigerian food recipe to share with visitors to this site? Whatever are your thoughts about Nigerian food recipes and comments, have your say here? Share it!
Please feel free to comment on postings submitted by other users below. |
What is Aesthetic Education?
Aesthetic education is an approach to teaching and learning that engages students in learning about works of art through hands-on inquiry, questioning, writing, and art making. In the words of the philosopher Maxine Greene (2001), it “requires that learners must break with the taken-for-granted, what some call the ‘natural attitude,' and look through the lenses of various ways of knowing, seeing and feeling in a conscious endeavor to impose different orders upon experience.” (p. 5)
Why is this important?
When we talk about aesthetic education in schools we see the potential to develop ways of seeing and knowing that influence the ways in which all disciplines are taught. This technique teaches us to become keen observers of the world around us. Beginning with studies of works of art, we develop habits of mind that influence the way we approach all learning.
How can we expose children to a range of art forms in deep and thoughtful ways?
In these difficult economic times, arts programs are often the first casualties of school budget cuts. When students are immersed in prolonged encounters with works of art and have the opportunity to make and study art, they develop profound understandings of human culture as well as poise, skill, confidence, and the ability to express themselves that will serve them well for the rest of their lives. When schools do not include the arts in their curriculum, or when there are only isolated experiences with no meaningful study to accompany them, young people miss out on an essential part of a well-rounded education. Teachers may try to compensate for these gaps in the curriculum, but they can only do so effectively if they themselves have a background that is rich in the study of at least one, preferably multiple art forms. This is why is it so important for teachers across all disciplines to have their own experiences of being immersed in the study of art as part of their teacher education. The Bronx Arts Education Network provides ongoing support for teachers who seek to develop their practices of incorporating meaningful inquiries into the arts across the curriculum.
Preparing students for encounters with the arts
City school children grow up learning to become astute readers of their urban environment, but they sometimes express a sense of dislocation and disorientation when asked to step outside their familiar neighborhoods and experiences. This dislocation can lead to disengagement, which is why so many well-intentioned field trips and cultural experiences fail to have the impact on student learning that we might have hoped for.
Students in Lehman College’s teacher education program plan and experience trips to museums and live performances. This preparation includes hands-on workshops, background contextual information, study in leading open inquiry-based discussions including questioning techniques, and studies that examine the alignment of an aesthetic education curriculum with NY State Common Core Standards.
The impact of aesthetic education on students’ literacy
When we adopt an aesthetic education approach to learning, reading becomes not just a skill that allows us to comprehend written text, but a mode of action that shapes our approach to the world. To see patterns and to contemplate the choices made by a painter, a sculptor, or a dancer, to look more deeply into a math problem, to empathize with a person whose point of view differs from yours, to do the hard work of understanding complex ideas; all of these become natural approaches for the person who has learned to look, listen, and question deeply as we do when aesthetic education is practiced. |
How to Take Smart Notes teaches that clearly defined tasks reduce friction and anxiety. When the word ‘writing’ is invoked, we subconsciously attach many connotations to it. The word carries weight, and therefore there is this factor of intimidation that stems from something so amorphous. So I ask you, what does writing mean for you?
I advise you first to form a clear picture of what writing is for you, and to address your fears on the topic. How can you find time? What application are you going to open? What are you going to write? What if it isn’t good? These are some of the questions this article will help you answer ,thereby allowing you to start the process with minimal friction and maximum benefit.
Building a daily habit
This is mostly up to you, but I recommend you do your writing in the mornings. Writing sets the tone for my day, and I find it encourages a more thoughtful, creative mindset throughout. Following are some short tips on building habits:
Start small. Create a habit so small it is almost embarrassing to not stick to. Ten minutes of journaling is sufficient, the most important thing is to get started.
Grow the habit, little by little. Every week increase the time you write by one minute. This allows your habit to progress at a maintainable pace.
Consistency is key. Don’t worry about the quantity of your output initially. Focus on consistency, all else will follow. If you cannot maintain the habit, downscale.
Establish strong triggers. Build strong cues — whether it be a certain place, music that sets the right tone, a time or a specific preparation routine. Your brain will start to associate these with writing.
Reward yourself. The process must be fulfilling, or you will stop. Make sure you find ways to make the process itself enjoyable.
Make the habit easy. Alter your environment to make writing as easy and obvious as possible. Remove initial friction.
You can see my blog post on building habits for more great advice.
Making it enjoyable
The process itself must be fulfilling, if we fabricate an artificial reward, we are creating an unsustainable feedback loop. In my mind there are two good ways of doing this.
1. Enjoying the act of writing. This means either buying a nice pen, or improving your typing speed. I would like to focus on the latter. I find that the higher my typing speed gets, the more effortless and enjoyable writing becomes. Before I felt constrained by typing, now there is this sense of freedom, of being able to explore my thoughts. A faster typing speed has genuinely worked wonders on my enjoyment of writing.
2. Enjoying the content of writing. You need to write about something meaningful and interesting, that you care about. I believe everyone will enjoy writing if they find the write thing to write about (see what I did there).
What if my writing is not good enough?
It doesn’t matter. Especially if you take my advice and begin by writing for yourself. Don’t begin by writing for someone else, as this places a lot of pressure on you. Write for yourself. The only way you are going to improve your writing and get a good product is by starting.
I advise you to not even consider the product. Don’t even look at it. The only thing you need to consider in the beginning is whether you are writing or not.
Additionally, your life will be much easier if you accept that your initial product is not going to be good, in fact it might even be downright bad. But that doesn’t matter. Just realize that your writing is always going to be improving, and can always be better. So, if the quality prevents you from starting now, then you’re never going to start.
I don’t have enough time
This is probably the most commonly cited excuse. I don’t buy it. I believe that if writing is really important to someone that they will make time for it. I can assure you that writing is more important than at least one thing on your schedule, and provides many more benefits. So identify something you do that is less important than writing, and scrap it, even if this comes with minor detriments.
“Develop the habit of letting small bad things happen. If you don’t, you’ll never find time for the life-changing big things.” — Tim Ferriss
What worked for me is waking up forty minutes earlier. This resulted in me having to sleep earlier, and be more efficient in my morning preparation. However the activities that were ended up being cut were predominantly low impact. And of course I now got an hour of extra writing in, which is invaluable.
Additionally the benefits of writing only develop as you go on. As you develop a routine, you will find that the process becomes easier, allowing you to get in a state of flow, where ideas arise effortlessly. The writing process is only going to become more valuable.
What should you be writing?
You don’t have to be working on some great novel, or crafting articles, when you sit down to write. What I recommend is that you keep a ‘journal’ of sorts, whether it be of your feelings, thoughts, or ideas.
You can write about what you are thinking currently, or how something made you feel. This is great for eliminating stress, self-reflection and getting your thoughts in order. It doesn’t need to be good, as long as you’re writing. Your habit will naturally start to develop as you reach a ‘mental squeeze point’, where you just need to start doing more.
If you want to do something more practical, that can be transferred into articles and perhaps a book later on, I recommend you take notes. What I mean by this is that you keep a record of the ideas you encounter while reading or have thought up yourself. If you start stockpiling your ideas now, it will be significantly easier to transfer them to something concrete and useful later on (like an article or book).
Where should I write?
With your journal, it doesn’t matter that much, as your current feelings have very little to your future self, past the initial act of writing them down and sorting through them.
With note taking, however, I do have some strong suggestions. I highly recommend an application called Obsidian. It provides a simple and satisfying experience, which also offers scalability and much room for improvement of your system (all free of course). You simply download it and select new note.
There are two things I would like you to bear in mind when you start recording your ideas. First, your notes should be atomic, meaning independent, able to stand alone without context. Each note contains a single idea. Secondly, you can link these single ideas by typing in a double bracket and then searching for the name of the note you want to link. Both these features are better utilised now than later. The linking of individual ideas means you will start building a latticework of your personal knowledge, a web of your interconnected ideas. The graph below represents the current latticework of my knowledge, with each dot representing an idea, and each line a stated link between them (this is auto-generated by Obsidian, the platform I use for recording my ideas).
Writing every day is truly a life changing habit, one that is at the core of most of my current projects, and has proved invaluable in progressing my thoughts and ideas. My greatest advice is to just start writing, not as part of some grand plan, but just recording your feelings and ideas. It doesn’t have to be good, as long as you are doing something (in fact one common system is just to write two pages of ‘crap’ a day). Actually starting and being consistent is the hardest part, everything else will follow in time.
This is part 2/2 in a series about starting the writing process. The previous entry, How a Writing Habit Can Change Your Life, can be found here. |
Be part of the geenerWP project and help building a more climate-friendly web 🙂
There are many ways to help the project. You may give feedback and report issues, help with translating the user interfaces, contribute code if you are a developer, write guides and documentation, help promoting the project, or donate to the project.
greenerWP wants to build a friendly and welcoming community where everyone feels comfortable. That’s why we ask you to abide our Code of Conduct when interacting with the greenerWP community.
Where to start? Get in contact with other members of the community!
We welcome your feedback! What do you think about greenerWP, its goals, the guides and tools? Do you have an idea that you want to propose or discuss? Get in contact with the project!
You may report issues using our contact form or other communication channels, but preferably you use our issue tracker.
If you are a developer, you can help by fixing issues or adding new features. All code is in our repositories at GitLab.
Design User Interfaces
You have design skills and want to make greenerWP’s user interfaces more user friendly and visually more pleasing? Get in touch with the team!
Promote the project
Help us spread the message and find users for greenerWP. It doesn’t matter if you have prior experience in doing this or not, every help is appreciated! Get in touch with the team! You could also start right now by telling others about the project 🙂
Funding allows us to do even more. If you prefer to support us with money instead of other contributions, you are also very welcome! Get in touch with the team! |
Wed, 14 Feb|
The Lemon Stand
The NUS Valetine's Comedy Show
This Valentine's Day, treat your sweetheart to laughter. Thank me later.
Time & Location
14 Feb 2024, 8:00 pm – 10:30 pm
The Lemon Stand, 12 Queen St, #01-02, Singapore 188553
About the event
NUS has started their very own Stand-Up comedy group and they are great! (Shouldn't they be studying?) Not on Valentine's Day! Get your favourite guy or gal and come and see the show!
The Lemon Stand provides a full bar of drinks, free popcorn for each table and a food menu of bits and bites which you can find on our website.
At The Lemon Stand we do our best to bring together the comedic arts and the community with an entire venue created just for Comedy in Singapore so we hope you come out and enjoy your night with lots of laughs and entertainment!
Tickets are non refundable or exchangeable 24 hours before shows and Eventbrite's fee is nonrefundable.
The minimum age to attend shows at The Lemon Stand Comedy Club is 18+ years and content is considered for a mature audience only. Thank you for your understanding.
The Lemon Stand Comedy Club is committed to creating an inclusive and accessible event for all. If you need reasonable accommodation and are wheelchair-bound, please contact Liam McDonald at +65 9106 4920.
All requests must be made before booking of tickets. We will attempt to implement late requests but cannot guarantee they will be met. In the event of a sold out show, seating will be assigned by date or purchase. |
Medical researchers began using laser biostimulation in the late 1960’s with low-powered laser beams that produced non-thermal effects on human tissue. The first reported cases involved slow-healing ulcers. The efficacy of this low-level laser therapy, or “LLLT,” is substantiated by objective research that continues. Experimenting clinicians found that an 830 nm laser is optimal for treating chronic pain. An example of how LLLT works involves soft tissue trauma. These types of injuries consist of damage to the deep, sensitive layers of tissue beneath the epidermis, including muscular, neural, lymphatic, and vascular tissue
The human body normally reacts to this soft tissue trauma by “splinting” the injury with edema, a thin or watery fluid in tissue spaces or cell interstices. However, excess edema causes swelling that inhibits movement of the damaged tissue. These injuries result in two types of pain. The first is actual traumatic pain from the injury itself, and the second pain is from the swelling that results. LLLT focuses first on the lymphatic system which maintains the body’s fluid balance, while the laser light also helps absorb the excess edema. LLLT thus provides relief in two ways.
MicroLight has FDA clearance for devices under both the “NHN” and “ILY” classifications.The MicroLight ML830® was cleared by the FDA for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. (See “About Us”). This clearance followed a double-blind study on CTS that was conducted at General Motors.
Laser wavelengths between 820 nanometers (nm) and 840 nm have an extremely low absorption rates in human tissue. This means that laser light penetrates deeply at those frequencies.
The ML830® is a GaAlA Laser that has wavelength of 830 nm with a power output of 90 mw. At this wavelength and power the ML830® Laser has a penetration of approximately 5 cm with a 3 cm lateral spread.
It is not an accident that the Microlight Corporation of America chose & patented the 830nm technology for its ML830®. There are 30+ years of clinical studies that proved the 830nm range is the optimal wave-length.
|Diodes||Three gallium aluminum arsenide laser diodes|
|Coherent||Beam travels in a straight line|
|Monochromatic||Form a single wavelength|
|Polarized||Beam is concentrated in one location or spot|
|Power||30 milliwatts per diode|
|Energy||Delivers 3 joules of energy per 33 second treatment cycle|
GENERAL MOTORS DOUBLE BLIND STUDY
As further background, General Motors had serious problems with CTS among its workers. GM responded by conducting a 36-week double-blind study, using the ML830® to see if non-invasive conjunctive therapy would help. Among the 166 afflicted GM workers who entered the program, those treated with the ML830® laser showed significant improvement in grip strength and range of motion when compared to other GM workers who were treated with placebo lasers. A prominent medical school in Houston conducted a similar double-blind study on CTS in 1998 that showed a 70% improvement after conjunctive therapy using the ML830® among those patients in the active group. SOURCE
Our goal is to help you reach a Higher Level of Health and get better, faster. Reach out to us with one of the options below to experience Low Level Laser Therapy and other Revolutionary Treatment Techniques!
- Call us at 832-431-9908 to talk with us about Low Level Laser Therapy and any other solutions you might need.
- Purchase a single session of Low Level Laser Therapy by clicking HERE – (Don’t forget to call to schedule to come in!)
- Email email@example.com with questions!
We look forward to serving you!
-Your Valeo Family |
मेरा बेटा अपनी पढ़ार्इ पर पूरा ध्यान नहीं लगा पा रहा था। उसके ग्रेड्स मुझे परेशान कर रहे थे। किसी ने उसको रुद्राक्ष पहनने की सलाह दी, ताकि उसका पढ़ाइर् में मन लग सके। जब उसने रुद्राक्ष पहनना शुरू किया तो मैंने पाया कि उसके कमजोर पक्ष में सकारात्मक हलचल होने लगी। उसके नतीजे बेहतर आए। मैं उसकी एकग्रता में जोरदार बदलाव देखा।
मैं अपने पहले रिश्ते के टूटने के ग़म से बाहर ही नही निकल पा रही थी, पुनर्विवाह के बारे में तो मैं सोच ही नही सकती थी। दूध का जला छास भी फ़ूंक फ़ूंक कर पीता है, पुनर्विवाह का वोचार भी दूर दूर तक मेरे मन में नही था। लेकिन मेरे माता-पिता मेरे पीछे पड गए थे इसलिए मैने ज्योतिष की मदद लेने के बारे में सोचा। मैं इन बातों पर बहुत विश्वास करती हूं खास कर विवाह के मामले में - इस में भाग्य का बहुत बडा हाथ होता है, वरना क्यों मेरी परफ़ेक्ट शादीशुदा ज़िंदगी ने ऐसा मोड लिया होता? मैने यह रिपोर्ट खरीदी और मेरा आत्मविश्वास भी बढ गया। भय की जगह निश्चिंतता ने ले ली। धन्यवाद।
मेरे वैवाहिक जीवन में चिंता व कलह बहुत था। मेरा जीवन बहुत दयनीय स्थिति में पहुंच गया था, इसके कारण मेरा पेशेवर जीवन बहुत प्रभावित हुआ है। मेरी स्थिति को देखने के बाद मुझे मेरे दोस्तों ने सलाह दी कि मुझे एक बार गणेशास्पीक्स से एक बार सलाह लेकर देखनी चाहिए। गणेशास्पीक्स के ज्योतिषियों ने मेरी कुंडली का अध्ययन करने के बाद मुझे कुछ उपचारात्मक उपाय बताए। मैंने उनकी सलाह को गंभीरता से लिया एवं मेरे जीवन में बहुत सारे सकारात्मक बदलाव होने लगे। अब मेरा वैवाहिक जीवन बेहद खुशनुमा है। शुक्रिया गणेशास्पीक्स। |
Arson, or the act of intentionally setting a fire, is a criminal offense that can often lead to large fines and significant prison time. The National Fire Protection Association collected statistics from 2010-2014 to gain a better understanding the frequency of intentional fires as well as their outcomes. The numbers are staggering.
According to a report from the National Fire Protections Association (NFPA), on average, fire departments across the United States responded to over 250,000 fires that were intentionally set per year. Structure fires were reported as 19% of the total intentional fires but accounted for 87% of the civilian deaths and 86% of the civilian injuries. With those statistics, it is important we quickly bring arsonists to justice. The newest way to combat an arsonist is to catch them on video.
The vast majority of the population is permanently connected to their mobile devices; posting images and videos of the world around them. Whether they are posting on their favorite social media platform or checking their fantasy sports teams, cell phones are the common denominator, where users have the power to create a large volume of web content. With the emergence of web investigations, we now have the opportunity to put all of this content to good use.
How Can Social Media Investigations Impact the Outcome of Arson Cases?
In 2017, the Milwaukee Fire Department was alerted to a residential structure fire. After arriving on scene, the firefighters conducted a search of the structure and found an elderly male, badly burned, and carried him out of the house. The gentleman was later pronounced dead on the scene. The investigation was already underway when fire investigators were made aware of a cell phone video that had been circulating social media sites. The video showed a female subject dumping the contents of a red gas can into the first-floor windows that she had broken.
The fire not only endangered the man and also the emergency services personnel that responded to the scene. After investigators were able to view the cell phone video, they made quick work of finding the suspect. Through social media, investigators were able to not only see the video, but gather witnesses and reports. Open source intelligence gathering can be a vital method in solving crimes, including arson. Social media intelligence experts have the tools and the knowledge to locate crucial evidence in specific regions and gather intel that can aid law enforcement agencies. The proper contact and information can lead to less deaths from arson and a faster response to the crime. When conducting an important investigation, SMI Aware can be your leader in web and social media investigations.
SMI Aware’s team of experts conduct in-depth web & social media investigations and deliver key findings that can solve a case. |
Leonardo da Vinci Sketches the Design for the "Aerial Screw"
The first studies on helicopters were well in advance of the first airplanes.
Leonardo da Vinci is credited with having first thought of a machine for vertical flight, the "airscrew," the design for which, dated 1493, was only discovered in the 19th century. It consisted of a platform surmounted by a helical screw driven by a somewhat rudimentary system, not unlike that of rubber-powered model aircraft. The great Tuscan genius wrote that if this instrument in the form of a screw were well made of linen, the pores of which had been stopped with starch, it should, upon being turned sharply, rise into the air in a spiral. However his design was never put to any practical use.
An object offers as much resistance to the air as the air does to the object. You may see that the beating of its wings against the air supports a heavy eagle in the highest and rarest atmosphere, close to the sphere of elemental fire. Again you may see the air in motion over the sea, fill the swelling sails and drive heavily laden ships. From these instances, and the reasons given, a man with wings large enough and duly connected might learn to overcome the resistance of the air, and by conquering it, succeed in subjugating it and rising above it.”— Leonardo |
बुखारेस्ट राजधानी क्षेत्र, सामाजिक, यांत्रिक, और धन से संबंधित है रोमानिया। यह सबसे बड़ा शहर है रोमानिया और एक रहनुमा शहर४४ २५न५७ क्स न २६ ०६१४ को ए निर्देशांक पर राष्ट्र के दक्षिण-पूर्व में रखा गया है: डंबोविआ नदी, ७० किमी (४३.५ मील) के उत्तर में क्या है डानुबे नदी.बुखारेस्ट शुरू में 14५9 में रिकॉर्ड में निर्दिष्ट किया गया था। यह १८६२ में रोमानिया की राजधानी में बदल गया और इसका मूल है रोमानियाई मीडिया, समाज और शिल्प कौशल। इसकी संरचनात्मक योजना एक मिक्सोफ क्रॉस्ड (नव-पारंपरिक), इंटरबेलम (बाउहॉस और कारीगरी डेको), समाजवादी अवधि और उन्नत है। दो विश्व युद्धों के बीच की अवधि में, शहर की उत्तम संरचनात्मक योजना और इसके शीर्ष शीर्ष की उन्नति ने बुखारेस्ट को "धन का मोहरा" अर्जित किया।लिटिल पेरिस("मिकुल पेरिस)। यद्यपि उल्लेखनीय शहर क्षेत्र की संरचनाएं और क्षेत्र युद्ध, झटके, या अधिक सभी द्वारा तीव्रता से नुकसान या बर्बाद किए गए थे निकोलाय सीऔस्कुप्रणालीगतकरण की परियोजना, कई जीवित रहे। देर से, शहर एक मौद्रिक और सामाजिक उछाल का सामना कर रहा है।
२०११ मूल्यांकन के अनुसार, १,८८३,४२५ किरायेदार शहर की सीमा के अंदर रहते हैं, २००२ की जनगणना में दर्ज किए गए आंकड़े से कम। शहरी इस क्षेत्र में बुखारेस्ट वैध के ब्रेकिंग पॉइंट विकसित होते हैं और लगभग १.९ मिलियन लोगों की आबादी है। शहरी क्षेत्र के आसपास उपग्रह शहरों को जोड़ने पर, बुखारेस्ट के प्रस्तावित महानगरीय क्षेत्र में २.२7 मिलियन लोगों की आबादी होगी। यूरोस्टेट के अनुसार, बुखारेस्ट के पास २,१5१,८८० निवासियों का एक बड़ा शहरी क्षेत्र है। अनौपचारिक जानकारी के अनुसार, आबादी ३ मिलियन से अधिक है। बुखारेस्ट में छठा सबसे बड़ा शहर है यूरोपीय संघ लंदन, बर्लिन, मैड्रिड के बाद शहर की सीमा के अंदर आबादी द्वारा, रोमऔर पेरिस।
मोनेटेटल्य, बुखारेस्ट रोमानिया में सबसे समृद्ध शहर है और प्राथमिक आधुनिक फ़ोकस और परिवहन केंद्र बिंदुओं में से एक है पूर्वी यूरोप। शहर में विशाल परंपरा कार्यालय, शिक्षाप्रद स्थापनाएँ, सामाजिक स्थल, प्रथागत "शॉपिंग आर्केड" और मनोरंजन क्षेत्र हैं। |
जनसंघ के संस्थापक डा. श्यामा प्रसाद मुखर्जी के बलिदान दिवस के अवसर पर गजरौला में श्रद्धांजलि सभा का आयोजन किया गया। इस असवर पर भाजपा के कार्यकर्ताओं ने उन्हें याद किया।
भाजपा के मंडल प्रभारी और जिला पंचायत सदस्य राजीव तरारा ने कहा कि डा. श्यामा प्रसाद मुखर्जी ने अपना पूरा जीवन देश सेवा में लगा दिया। उन्होंने देश के लिए अपना जीवन तक दांव पर लगा दिया। उनका बलिदान हर भारतवासी के लिए प्रेरणा बना हुआ है।
राजीव तरारा ने वहां मौजूद कार्यकर्ताओं से डा. मुखर्जी के सिद्धांतों पर चलने का आहवान किया।
कार्यक्रम में रामकृष्ण चौहान, सुरेन्द्र सिंह औलख, सूरजभान गोयल, राहुल बंसल, विजयपाल, जसवंत चौहान, राजेन्द्र सिंह, प्रमोद शर्मा, तेजपाल सैनी, रामरतन, रामवीर गुर्जर, आदि मौजूद रहे।
वारसाबाद में पूर्व विधायक तोताराम ने कहा कि डा. श्यामा प्रसाद मुखर्जी ने आजीवन अपने उसूलों की लड़ाई लड़ी। उनसे प्रेरणा लेते हुए भाजपा के हर कार्यकर्ता को देशहित में जुटकर काम करना चाहिए। पूर्व विधायक ने आहवान किया कि आने वाले विधानसभा चुनाव में हर कार्यकर्ता पूरी लगन और मेहनत से पार्टी की नीतियों का प्रचार करे। केन्द्र सरकार के कार्याें का बखान करते हुए तोताराम बोले कि मोदी सरकार ने देश को विकास के पथ पर अग्रसर किया है।
इस दौरान नरेन्द्र सिंह, गुरबचन सिद्धू, सतवीर सिंह, तेजपाल सिंह, रोहित चौहान, काविन्द्र सिंह, आदि मौजूद रहे। |
Even before the break of dawn, some passengers were on the observation deck. J.J. and I noted that some had already staked out their place with table and chairs. Munching their Danishes and drinking their coffee, pointing cameras or mobile devices, it was a long waiting game.
Bridge of Americas signaled the beginning of the Panama Canal, approximately 51 miles of waterway that connects the Pacific Ocean with the Atlantic, dividing North and South America.
The Panama Canal reduced the time for ships to travel while avoiding the hazardous Cape Horn around the tip of South America.
Before the United States, Columbia and France controlled the territories surrounding areas of the Canal. Due to problems with engineering and mortality from malaria, France terminated involvement and in 1904 the USA took over the project. The canal opened in 1914 and controlled the Canal zone until the Torrijos-Carter treaties.
Today the Canal is operated by the Panamanian government, surrounding land owned by Columbia and the dock is operated by China.
The American Society of Civil Engineers has ranked the Canal as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World.
David McCullough’s “The Path Between the Seas is recommended by Chris Roberts as the most reliable and historically accurate reading. |
Girevoy (kettlebell) sport
(“GS”) as practised in Russia encompasses various tests of strength endurance . Depending upon age , sex and ability
, competitors participate in various weight divisions to achieve the highest number of repetitions in a 10 minute time
limit. Furthermore , the spirit of competition is enhanced by special feats such as "odd" lifts and kettlebell "relay races"
after the main program is completed.
During the 20th century
, kettlebells were used by strength athletes e.g weightlifters and "strongmen" to compliment more traditional barbell lifts.
In 1948 Russians commenced kettlebell sport , whereby a man performed as many legal repetitions as possible
in his chosen event(s), the snatch (weight swung with one arm straight above head ) , the clean & jerk ( 2 bells swung
to chest once , and then put overhead as many times as possible) and the one armed push press.
Such was the conditioning developed
by competitive gireviks that eventaully a 10 minute time limit was imposed to allow the meeting to be completed in a
reasonable time frame!
The competition press was deleted
from the program for the same reason it was turfed from Olympic weightlifting : simply the event was too difficult to fairly
The sport evolved from military circles to the
wider population and in 1985 the first official Russian national championship was held. Since then many other nations have
entered international competitions. Finally it is becoming a world sport!
The GS novice
Whilst the individual lifts
may not seem that taxing , or indeed technically challenging for a few reps , once the lifter starts to build an element of
endurance into the session he/she will find the degree of difficulty rapidly escalates. At this point the natural tendency
is to think “this is impossibly hard - not for me!”. To succeed in competition requires the rhythm and efficiency
of a rower , the tenacity of an high altitude mountaineer (with no supplemental oxygen!) and the technical skills of
an Olympic weightlifter. Only with an iron will and dedication to mastering efficient technique will the aspiring lifter be
able to achieve a competitive score. Having said that , the sport requires tremendous patience to gradually increase both
strength and stamina over years , at the same time ensuring he/she is able to complete high volume and high intensity of
training without overtraining and burnout. So new is this sport outside Russia and the Baltic states that it will
probably be several years before Western athletes are able to significantly challenge the majority of the experienced
(and in many cases professional) athletes.
Ranking systems have been developed to
track progress of skills , manifest in improved repetition totals over months and years (see "GS rankings"
So it is clear that competitive
Girevoy Sport attracts those with the discipline to endure often repetitive training and a grim determination to
build ever increasing power endurance, tempered with the patience and commonsense to enable continued progress.
Though many who sample GS are
unable to stomach the type of training required , for those who persist the mental & physical rewards are high. The athlete
will develop truly exceptional conditioning , flexibility , strength and power. Indeed , one’s overall work capacity
may greatly exceed that of even highly trained athletes in other disciplines.
Whilst the training is largely
based on repetitive lifting , a variety of assistance exercises and modalities used to complement the competition lifts
are help prevent staleness or boredom. The challenge is to maintain progress on several fronts.
Activities such as running
, swimming , cycling , rowing, rollerblading , skiing and ball sports are encouraged to develop and maintain all round sports
skills . The solid base of GS training will ensure that at any age the athlete
will have qualities enabling him to excel at these activities. It is obvious to all that use them that kettlebells used to
their full capability build tremendous injury resistance whilst maintaining joint
flexibility and stability.
What kind of person
might be suited to Girevoy Sport?
Given the wide range of body
types exhibited at GS events , clearly no specific physical attribute is required. Clearly , tall athletes have to move
the bell farther, whilst a stocky athlete with short arms and powerful lower body might be well suited to the
jerk event. Fundamentally though, all athletes have weak points which when addressed
through mindful training , enable all to compete on a relatively even keel.
It is unlikely that complete
athletic novices will be attracted to this type of training. Otherwise anyone who enjoys a physical challenge ,
the thrill of practise & learning as well as the will to persist under duress may be attracted to this sport. Obviously
, weightlifters and those from power sports such as throwers (shotput , javelin , discus , ball sports) are at an advantage
in that they will be possess the knowledge of applying controlled power in a tightly honed groove. Endurance athletes understand
well the skill of energy efficiency. However , any sportsman with a strong will to succeed may find the sport irresistible.
Over time , many older athletes find the rigours of certain sports excessive (impact sports , throwers have a use-by date ,competitive weightlifting requires
ongoing coaching and often close to maximal loads...with attendant injury risk). GS offers the challenge of a constant load
performed in a safe fashion with the ultimate result dependent upon mental fortitude ("guts") , efficient technique and
Though to the uninitiated the
weights used seem rather heavy , and the movements rather “dangerous” , in fact the weight is primarily moved
by the large muscles of the body whilst the smaller muscles merely provide control.
Safety , longevity
The injury rate even amongst
elite gireviks is low compared to most sports.
As long as the athlete is aware
of signs of overtraining (e.g. persistent tightness/soreness , lack of energy , poor sleep , performance plateau etc) he/she
can recover quickly between training sessions. On competition day when maximal
performance is called for , the volume of preceding training will ensure the tendons , ligaments and muscles are well accustomed
to an heavy workload.
is well accepted that weight training is highly beneficial in maintaining muscle mass , promoting stability and control of
joints and reducing the risk of osteoporosis in men and women. Furthermore , the nature of kettlebell exercises emphasize power
endurance and flexibility of the back muscles as well as delivering superb conditioning of the often troublesome shoulder
rotator cuff muscles. The cardiorespiratory benefits are immense , and unlike heavy lifting sports the risk of
a "lift gone wrong" is negligible. |
महोबा: एक तरफ उत्तर प्रदेश में निकाय चुनाव की तैयारी जोरों से चल रही है वहीँ दूसरी तरह यूपी पुलिस ने जंगल में बने एक कच्चे घर में छापा मारकर अवैध असलहों की फैक्ट्री का खुलासा किया है। पुलिस ने कारोबार में लगे हुए दो लोगों को गिरफ्तार भी किया है। पुलिस अधीक्षक एनत्र कोंचाली के अनुसार, खरेला थाना क्षेत्र के कुड़ार गांव से दूर जंगल में बने एक कच्चे घर में अवैध रूप से असलहा फैक्ट्री का संचालन किया जा रहा था।
सोमवार की रात खरेला पुलिस को मुखबिर से सुचना मिली और पुलिस ने छापेमारी की। छापेमारी में कैलाश राजपूत और शिवराम को गिरफ्तार कर एक दर्जन से अधिक अर्ध निर्मित असलहे, ३१५ बोर के चार तमंचे और एक बंदूक के अलावा असलहा बनाने के उपकरण व जिंदा कारतूस बरामद किए गए हैं। उन्होंने यह भी बताया कि यह काम काफी समय से चल रहा था। आस-पास के जिलों में वह अवैध हथियार भी बेच रहे थे।
वहीँ दूसरी तरफ आजमगढ़ के सरायमीर थाना क्षेत्र में पुलिस और स्वाट के संयुक्त रूप से एक अभियान में मुठभेड़ के बाद भारी मात्र में अवैध हथियारों के साथ चार तस्करों को गिरफ्तार किया गया है। तस्कर हथियारों की सप्लाई की फ़िराक में थे, उससे पहले ही पुलिस ने उन्हें दबोच लिया। पुलिस अभी तस्करों से पूछताछ कर रही है। उनसे हथियार मंगाने वालों में एक ग्राम प्रधान का भी नाम सामने आ रहा है।
मुखबिर की सूचना के बाद पुलिस और स्वाट टीम ने मिलकर घेराबंदी की। असलहा तस्करों और पुलिस के बीच इस दौरान जमकर मुठभेड़ हुई। हालांकि मुठभेड़ में तस्करों की हार हुई और पुलिस ने मौके से भारी मात्रा में अवैध असलहों और चार तस्करों को भी गिरफ्तार किया। तस्करों के पास से ०३ पिस्टल ९एमएम, १३ पिस्टल ३२ बोर, १ रिवाल्वर ३२ बोर, ७ जिंदा कारतूस और १ खोखा कारतूस बरामद हुए। पूछताछ में तस्करों ने बताया कि उनसे नगर निकाय चुनाव 20१७ में अशांति फैलाने के लिए हथियारों को मंगाया गया था। |
गर्भधारण के लिए ओव्यूलेशन का ध्यान रखें।
मेंस्ट्रूअल साइकिल के दौरान आता है यह पीरियड।
ओवेरियन सिस्ट की समस्या का भी ध्यान रखें।
खानपान का ध्यान रखें और नियमित जांच करायें।
मां बनना किसी भी महिला के लिए सबसे खूबसूरत एहसास होता है। यह ऐसा एहसास है जो महिला ही नहीं बल्कि उससे जुड़े सभी लोगों को रोमांचित कर देता है। बच्चे की किलकारी से घर का माहौल खुशनुमा और सकारात्मक हो जाता है। लेकिन गर्भवती होना इतना आसान भी नहीं है। इसके लिए उपयुक्त समय के साथ सही समय पर यौन संबंध बनाना भी बहुत जरूरी है। इस लेख में विस्तार से जानिये महिलाओं के लिए प्रेगनेंट होने का सही वक्त क्या है।
यह मासिक धर्म से जुड़ा पीरियड होता है, इस वक्त यौन संबंध बनाने से गर्भधारण की संभावना शत-प्रतिशत होती है। मेंस्ट्रूएल पीरियड्स के सात दिन बाद ओव्यूलेशन साइकिल शुरू होती है और यह पीरियड्स के शुरू होने से सात दिन पहले तक रहती है। ओव्यूलेशन पीरियड ही वह समय होता है, जिसमें महिला गर्भधारण कर सकती है। इस स्थिति को फर्टाइल स्टेज भी कहते हैं। गर्भधारण के लिए, जब भी यौन संबंध बनायें तो ओव्यूलेशन पीरियड का ध्यान रखें।
वर्तमान में लोगों की अवधारण बदल गई है और अब सामान्यतया लोग शादी के लिए ३० की उम्र को यथोचित मानने लगे हैं। लेकिन गर्भवती होने की सही उम्र २२ से २९ वर्ष होती है और इसमें भी सबसे उपयुक्त उम्र २५ की है। क्योंकि, इस समय एक युवती शारीरिक व मानसिक रूप से गर्भवती होने के लिए तैयार रहती है।
वर्तमान में सबसे अधिक समस्या जो दिख रही है वह है पॉलीसिस्टिक ओवेरियन सिस्ट। इसका प्रमुख कारण है वजन का अधिक बढ़ जाना। आजकल पांच में से एक महिला को ओवेरियन सिस्ट की संभावना हो रही है। औरत के शरीर में एक बच्चेदानी होती है। उसका ऊपरी सिरा दो ट्यूबों से जुड़ा होता है, जिन्हें फेलोपियन ट्यूब कहते हैं। इन्हीं फेलोपियन ट्यूब से जुड़ी दोनों तरफ एक-एक अंडेदानी होती है। अंडेदानी में बहुत सारे फोलिकिल्स होते हैं, जिनमें अंडे बनते हैं। ये अंडे पीरियड्स शुरू होने के बाद बनते हैं।
मेच्योर फोलिकिल्स में से एक अंडा बनना शुरू होता है, जो माहवारी के साथ फूटता है। इसी फोलिकिल्स के अंदर सिस्ट बनती है। यह सिस्ट छाले के रूप में भी हो सकती है, जिसमें पानी भरा होता है और ट्यूमर के रूप में भी हो सकता है। प्रजनन अंग जब पूरी तरह से विकसित हो जाते हैं तब सिस्ट बनने की संभावना सबसे अधिक होती है।
गर्भवती होने के लिए ऑर्गज्म का खयाल रखना बहुत जरूरी है। हालांकि ऐसा माना जाता है कि पुरुष सिर्फ अपनी संतुष्टि का खयाल रखते हैं और अपने पार्टनर की कामोत्तेजना को तवज्जो नहीं देते। ऐसे में गर्भधारण में समस्या होती है। अगर स्त्री सहवास के वक्त ऑर्गज्म प्राप्त कर लेती है तो गर्भधारण की संभावना काफी हद तक बढ़ जाती है। क्योंकि, तब शुक्राणु को सही जगह जाने का समय और माहौल मिलता है तथा शुक्राणु ज्यादा समय तक जीवित रहते हैं।
इसके अलावा नियमित जांच करायें, गर्भधारण से पहले फोलिक एसिड की गोलियां भी खायें और चिकित्सक से हमेशा परामर्श लें। |
Interactions between a driver and a screen must be simple, non-distracting, and easily interrupted, so the driver’s attention can quickly return to the road.
This section describes how you can:
- Keep information current and glanceable
- Encourage hands-on driving
- Prioritize driving tasks
- Discourage distraction
Keep information current and glanceable
To minimize the time drivers spend looking away from the road, onscreen information needs to be up-to-date and easy to understand at a glance:
Convey tasks & states at a glance
Drivers need to quickly understand tasks or system states by glancing at the screen. They should be able to read the content within 2 seconds and return their focus to the road.
Provide quick responses
Make sure that system response times after user input – for example, the time between a tap and the resulting ripple animation – do not exceed 0.25 seconds. If content takes more than 2 seconds to load, a spinner or similar interface change should indicate that the device is responding.
Provide timely, accurate driving information
Show relevant driving-task information immediately and accurately under normal driving conditions. Display any malfunction or safety status in real time.
Encourage hands-on driving
Safe driving requires that drivers keep their hands on the wheel as much as possible:
Use one-handed gestures
No operation should require removal of both hands from the steering wheel. Gestures (such as waving to interact with the system) should require only one hand and should not require any maneuvers that could negatively impact operation of the vehicle.
Allow hands-free speech interface
Speech-based communication systems should permit hands-free speaking and listening. Starting, ending, or interrupting a spoken dialog, however, can be done manually.
Simplify voice interactions
Design multistep voice interactions carefully to minimize driver distraction.
Prioritize driving tasks
The most important tasks a driver performs are those related to driving – everything else must be secondary:
Allow driver to control pace
Interaction sequences should be interruptible and resumable at logical points. The driver should control pacing.
Prioritize driving-related tasks
Information needed for driving and safe vehicle control (such as navigation directions) should be prioritized over information unrelated to driving (such as media titles).
Consider non-driving content carefully
Information unrelated to driving (such as ads, social media content, web page content, books, periodicals, email, and subscription alerts) should be carefully considered to minimize driver distraction.
Prioritize sound & adjust volume for driving tasks
The interface should give priority to audio information that is critical to driving. For example, when navigation directions are being relayed, media volume should be lowered or ducked. In addition, users should always be able to fully adjust the volume down to a muted level.
Avoid pulling the driver’s attention away from the road for non-essential reasons:
Avoid hazardous or distracting activities
The system should not allow unnecessary and potentially hazardous activities, such as playing most games, manually surfing the internet, or participating in fitness activities involving unsafe hand or foot maneuvers while driving.
Avoid irrelevant movement
Avoid displaying dynamic visual information unrelated to driving, such as videos and auto-scrolling text. Carefully consider the use of animations to ensure they aid the driver’s situational understanding. |
Since the year 2000, the number of Americans on food stamps has almost tripled from 17.2M to 44.7M, while the spending has nearly quadrupled from around $20 billion to $78 billion. But that’s just one piece of our welfare system. There are 79 total welfare programs that cost the taxpayer almost one trillion last year. And the big concern? These programs are only expect to continue to grow over the next few years:
HERITAGE – The number of Americans on food stamps (or, as it is now called, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP) is higher than ever before, according to a new Congressional Budget Office report. Since 2007, rolls have grown by 70 percent. And participation rates are expected to increase over the next two years.
While some of the growth can be attributed to the recession, participation rates were steadily climbing prior to the recession. Since 2000, the number of Americans on food stamps has jumped by roughly 260 percent, from 17.2 million to 44.7 million in 2011.
The growth in participation rates seems to be part of the federal government’s goal, as a report from the U.S. Department of Agriculture released just this month explains.
The food stamps program is just one part of an ever-expanding government welfare system that includes not only 12 food assistance welfare programs but a total of 79 federal welfare programs. These programs provide not only food assistance but cash, housing, energy and utility assistance, education services, child care, medical care, and so forth.
The total cost of these programs reached $927 billion last year. Welfare is now the fastest growing part of government spending, and despite welfare costs increasing 16-fold since the War on Poverty began in the 1960s—and total spending on cash, food, and housing assistance now twice the amount necessary to pull all Americans out of poverty—President Obama wants to spend more. Aggregate welfare costs are projected to reach over $1.5 trillion in 2022. |
हमारे देश के अधिकतर युवा पढ़ लिखकर गवर्नमेंट जॉब पाने का लक्ष्य लेकर चलते हैं और उनमें बहुत से आईएएस (इयास), आईपीएस (इप्स) या आईएफएस (इफ्स) बनने का सपना देखते है। इस मंज़िल को पाने के लिए संघ लोक सेवा आयोग (यूनियन पब्लिक सर्विस कमिश्न) द्वारा आयोजित सिविल सेवा परीक्षा (सिविल सर्विस एक्समिनेशन) में सफल होना पड़ता है। इस परीक्षा के माध्यम से प्रतिवर्ष निकलने वाले कुछ पदों के लिए लाखों परीक्षार्थियों में से श्रेष्ठ लोगों का चयन किया जाता है। इसलिए यह नौकरी पाने के इच्छुक उम्मीदवारों के लिए सबसे कठिन परीक्षाओ में से एक मानी जाती है।
इसके बावजूद युवा इसमें सफलता पाने के लिए जीतोड़ प्रयास करते हैं क्योंकि यहां सफलता का अर्थ है -पद प्रतिष्ठा के साथ मिलने वाला बढ़िया वेतन और देश के लिए कुछ करने का एक अवसर। परन्तु उपस्क में सफलता इतनी आसानी से नहीं मिलती। क्योंकि युवावस्था के शौक मौज़ एवं अन्य आकर्षण, परीक्षार्थी का ध्यान अपनी ओर खींचने का प्रयास करते हैं, जिससे वह उतनी मेहनत नहीं कर पाता जितनी उपस्क में सफल होने के लिए अपेक्षित होती है।
अंततः सफलता की देवी उन्हीं का वरण करती है जो पूरी एकाग्रता के साथ अपने लक्ष्य को पाने के लिए समर्पित होते हैं और युवावस्था के अन्य आकर्षण से बचकर इसकी कीमत चुकाने को तैयार होते हैं।
इस परीक्षा में अच्छी रैंकिंग लाने में वही सफल होता है जिसमें शैक्षणिक योग्यता के साथ बहुत अच्छा समसामयिक और सामान्य ज्ञान भी हो। परीक्षार्थी में देर तक बैठकर क्वालिटी पढ़ाई करने का अनुशासन और धैर्य होना चाहिए। सिविल सेवा में सफलता पाने के लिए एक सटीक रणनीति होना जरूरी है। आपको उपस्क के परीक्षा पैटर्न की सही जानकारी होनी चाहिए इसके बाद ही इस परीक्षा के लिए सही ढंग से तैयारी कर सकते है।
२. इयास (उपस्क) एक्सम के लिए किसी भी विषय में स्नातक (ब.आ.,ब.कॉम.,ब.स्क.आदि) की परीक्षा उत्तीर्ण होना चाहिए। यदि आपने ग्रेजुएशन किसी टेक्निकल या व्यवसायिक कोर्स से पूरा किया है तो भी उपस्क एक्सम के लिए अप्लाई कर सकते हैं।
३. जिस यूनिवर्सिटी से आप स्नातक हों वह विश्वविद्यालय अनुदान आयोग (उ.ग.च.), किसी राज्य या केंद्र द्वारा मान्यता प्राप्त यूनिवर्सिटी होना चाहिए।
४. यदि ग्रेजुएशन के फाइनल ईयर में है तो भी इयास एक्सम के लिए आप्प्ली किया जा सकता है लेकिन मुख्य परीक्षा (में एक्सम) के समय मार्कशीट लगाना अनिवार्य होंगा।
सामान्य वर्ग के अभ्यर्थियों के लिए आयु सीमा २१ वर्ष से अधिकतम ३२ वर्ष तक निर्धारित की गयी है। ये लोग इस परीक्षा में अधिकतम ६ बार प्रयास कर सकते हैं।
पिछड़े वर्ग के लोग अपनी जाति प्रमाण पत्र के आधार पर ३ वर्ष की अतिरिक्त छूट पा सकते हैं। इस प्रकार पिछड़ा वर्ग २१ वर्ष से ३5 तक अधिकतम आयु सीमा में परीक्षा दे सकते है और परीक्षा के लिए अधिकतम प्रयास (अट्टेम्प्ट) ९ बार कर सकते हैं।
इस केटेगरी वाले अपनी जाति प्रमाण पत्र के आधार पर ५ वर्ष की अतिरिक्त छूट पा सकते हैं। इस प्रकार ये वर्ग २१ से ३७ वर्ष की उम्र तक परीक्षा दे सकते है और इस वर्ग के लिए अधिकतम प्रयास (अट्टेम्प्ट) की कोई सीमा (लीमित) नहीं है। यानि वे इस आयु के दौरान चाहे जितनी बार परीक्षा दे सकते हैं।
उपस्क के प्री एग्जाम का उद्देश्य, मुख्य परीक्षा के लिए परीक्षार्थियों की छटनी करना होता है जिससे योग्य कैंडिडेट आगे की परीक्षा में जा सके। प्री एग्जाम के नंबर फाइनल रिजल्ट में नहीं जोड़े जाते परन्तु मुख्य परीक्षा में शामिल होने के लिए इसे अच्छे अंको से उत्तीर्ण करना आवश्यक है।ये परीक्षा मई - जून महीने में आयोजित की जाती है। प्रारंभिक परीक्षा में २ पेपर देने होते है जिनमें प्रत्येक पेपर २00 अंक का होता है।
पहला पेपर सामान्य अध्ययन (जनरल स्टडी), भारतीय इतिहास एवं राजनीति, भूगोल, विज्ञानं और प्रौद्योगिकी, अर्थशास्त्र पर्यावरण एवं जैव विविधतता के साथ समसामयिक जानकारी (करेंट अफयर) अर्थात राष्ट्रीय एवं अंतर्राष्ट्रीय घटनाक्रम पर आधारित होता है।
दूसरा पेपर क्सत (सिविल सर्विस आप्टीट्यूड टेस्ट) होता है जिसमें कैंडिडेट के मानसिक बोधगम्यता की जांच की जाती है। इसमें उसकी लॉजिक रीजनिंग, तर्क शक्ति, गणितीय योग्यता एवं दिए गए डाटा के आधार पर उत्तर देना होता है। अब इस पेपर के अंक रिजल्ट में नहीं जोड़े जाते, केवल ३३% अंक लाना अनिवार्य होता है। इस पेपर में ८० प्रश्न पूछे जाते हैं।
दोनों ही पेपर में माइनस मार्किंग भी होती है। इस परीक्षा के लगभग २ महीने बाद इसका रिजल्ट आता है और उस वर्ष जितनी वैकेंसी होती है उसके 1२ से १५ गुना कैंडिडेट को मुख्य परीक्षा में शामिल होने का अवसर दिया जाता है।
प्रारम्भिक परीक्षा पास करने के बाद कैंडिडेट को एक डफ (देतेलेड आप्लिकेशन फॉर्म) भरना पड़ता है जिसमे उसे अपनी पर्सनल डिटेल के साथ मुख्य परीक्षा के लिए चुने गए ऑप्शनल विषय और अपनी पसंद का सेवा क्रम भरना पड़ता है, जैसे उसकी वरीयता इप्स, इयास, इर्स, इफ्स वगैरह में से क्या होगी, यह दर्शाना पड़ता है। यह परीक्षा १७५० अंकों की होती है और इसमें ९ पेपर होते हैं। प्रतिदिन २ पेपर होते हैं और यह क्रम ५ -६ दिनों तक चलता है।
प्रायः सितम्बर अक्टूबर महीने में इस परीक्षा का आयोजन होता है। इसमें पहला पेपर इंग्लिश विषय का होता है जो अनिवार्य होता है। दूसरा पेपर किसी भारतीय भाषा का होता है, इन दोनों पेपर्स में न्यूनतम क्वालीफाइंग मार्क लाना अनिवार्य होता है । तीसरा पेपर एस्साय या निबंध का होता है जिसमें २ निबंध लिखने होते हैं। यह पेपर २50 नंबर का होता है और बहुत महत्वपूर्ण होता है, इसमें कैंडिडेट की लेखन क्षमता को परखा जाता है।
सामान्य अध्ययन (जनरल स्टडी) के ४ पेपर होते हैं, इन्हें ग्स-१, ग्स-२, ग्स-३ और ग्स-४ के नाम से जाना जाता है। इनमें से प्रत्येक २50 मार्क्स का होता है। सिलेबस के अनुसार इसमें स्टडी का दायरा बहुत विस्तृत होता है और बहुत अधिक तैयारी करनी पड़ती है। इसके अलावा कैंडिडेट को ऑप्शनल विषय के २ पेपर देने होते हैं, जिनका चुनाव उसने फॉर्म भरते समय किया होता है। कैंडिडेट को ऑप्शनल विषय के चयन में बहुत सावधानी रखना चाहिए क्योंकि दोनों पेपर मिलाकर यह ५०० अंकों का होता है।
सिविल सेवा परीक्षा का अंतिम चरण साक्षात्कार या इंटरव्यू होता है जिसमें बोर्ड के सम्मुख उपस्थित होना पड़ता है, जहां कैंडिडेट के व्यक्तित्व को परखने के अलावा कठिन परिस्थिति में उसके निर्णय लेने की क्षमता और आत्मबल को जांचा जाता है।
उच्च पद में काम करने के लिए सेवा भावना के अलावा उसकी नैतिकता और ईमानदारी के भाव को देखा जाता है। यह इंटरव्यू २७५ मार्क्स का होता है। इस तरह लिखित परीक्षा और इंटरव्यू के मार्क्स जोड़कर २०२५ होते हैं। इसमें से क्रमानुसार सर्वाधिक अंक पाने वाले परीक्षार्थियों का चयन मेरिट के आधार पर उस वर्ष घोषित पदों के लिए किया जाता है।
सिविल सेवा परीक्षा का सिलेबस काफी विस्तृत होता है और गहन अध्धयन की मांग करता है। इसके लिए अपनी पढ़ाई की प्लानिंग इस प्रकार से करें जिससे सभी पेपर के विषय को पर्याप्त समय दिया जा सके। किसी भी परीक्षा में सफलता के लिए सबसे पहले उस परीक्षा के विषय वस्तु की जानकारी होनी चाहिए और उसी आधार पर आपको विषय की तैयारी करनी चाहिए।
इस परीक्षा में एक विषय ऑप्शनल के रूप में लेना पड़ता है, वह यदि आपके ग्रेजुएशन के कोर्स में शामिल हो तो आपको बहुत मदद मिलेगी। इसके लिए स्नातक की पढ़ाई में उस विषय को शामिल करें जिसे बाद में सिविल सेवा परीक्षा के ऑप्शनल विषय के रूप में सेलेक्ट करना है। इस तरह की योजना बनाकर आप उस विषय की पढ़ाई गहनता से कर सकेंगे।
अगर इयास बनना है तो इसकी तैयारी स्नातक स्तर पर ही शुरू कर दें।उपस्क के डेटा के अनुसार सिविल सर्विस एग्जाम क्लियर करने वाले ज्यादातर कैंडिडेट्स २३ से २८ साल के होते हैं। आमतौर पर जब आप ग्रैजुएशन के फाइनल ईयर में होते हैं तो इस परीक्षा में शामिल होने की तैयारी शुरू कर देना चाहिए।
तैयारी के लिए सही किताबों का चुनाव बहुत ही जरूरी है। आपको उन किताबों का अध्ययन करना चाहिए जो सिविल सेवा परीक्षा में सफल होने वाले लोगों द्वारा सुझाई जाए। आपको इन किताबों को पूरी एकाग्रता के साथ पढ़ना चाहिए। आपको जनरल स्टडी (ग.स.) पर ज्यादा ध्यान देना चाहिए।
सिविल सर्विसेज के एग्जाम में करंट अफेयर्स और जनरल अवेयरनेस काफी मायने रखता है। समसामयिक विषयों की तैयारी करने के लिए आप नियमित रूप से मैगजीन और समाचार पत्रों का अध्ययन करें। इसमें हिंदी और अंग्रेजी के प्रसिद्ध अखबार पढ़ सकते हैं। इसके अलावा आप समसामयिक मुद्दों के लिए किताबों का भी सहारा लें सकते है।
इसके लिए आप चाहे तो न्सर्ट (नेशनल काउंसिल ऑफ एडउकेशनल रिसर्च एंड ट्रेनिंग) की किताबों को पढ़ सकते है ये किताबें आनलाईन नि:शुल्क उपलब्ध है। साप्ताहिक या पाक्षिक प्रकाशित होने वाली अच्छी पत्रिकाओं (मैगजीन) को पढ़ने की आदत बनाएं। इस परीक्षा में सफल होने वालों के इंटरव्यू पढ़ें जिससे आपको मोटिवेशन प्राप्त होगा साथ ही तैयारी कैसे करनी चाहिए यह भी समझ सकेंगे।
आप इंटरनेट का उपयोग अपने टॉपिक को समझने के लिए अवश्य करें परन्तु सोशल साइट्स में अपना समय बर्बाद करने से बचें। सोशल साइट्स में पता ही नहीं चलता और आपका उपयोगी समय बर्बाद हो जाता है, यह समय आप अपने विषय के तैयारी में लगाएं। लास्ट इयर्स के प्रश्न पत्रों को गहराई से देखें और उसे अपनी तैयारी का आधार बनाकर अपनी पढ़ाई करें।
सिविल सेवा परीक्षा में सफलता के लिए अपने लक्ष्य के प्रति एकाग्रता आवश्यक है। आपको नियमित अध्ययन करना पड़ेगा, आपकी प्राथमिकता में पढ़ाई होना चाहिए न कि आराम या मौज मस्ती। क्योंकि सिविल सेवा परीक्षा में सफल होने पर एक उज्ज्वल भविष्य आपका इंतज़ार कर रहा होता है, इसलिए इसकी तैयारी के लिए आपको त्याग तो करना ही पड़ेगा।
अपने स्वास्थ्य का ध्यान रखते हुए अपनी पूरी ऊर्जा अध्ययन में लगाए बिना आप इस परीक्षा में कुछ नही कर सकते। अपने जीवन के कुछ वर्षों का यह त्याग आपके शेष जीवन को सफल बनाने की बुनियाद बन सकता है।
इयास जैसी देश की सबसे कठिन परीक्षा में सफल होने के लिए कैंडिडेट में आत्म विश्वास का स्तर बहुत ऊँचा होना चाहिए। आधे अधूरे मन से किया गया प्रयास यहां सफलता नहीं दिला सकता। देश में छोटे से छोटे सरकारी जॉब को पाने के लिए लोगों की लम्बी लाइन लगती है फिर यह तो नौकरशाही के टॉप पदों को पाने की परीक्षा है इसलिए यहां लाखों की भीड़ में खुद को श्रेष्ठ साबित करना जरुरी होता है।
यह मजबूत आत्मविश्वास के बिना सम्भव नही है। इसके लिए प्रेरणादायक किताबे पढने और मोटिवेशनल विडियो देखने का क्रम बनाए रखें, जिससे आपको एक ताकत मिलेगी। आप परीक्षा के परिणाम के बारे में अधिक सोचने की जगह केवल अपनी तैयारी पर ध्यान दें और अनावश्यक स्ट्रेस से बचकर रहें। अधिक सोचने से स्ट्रेस (टेंशन) होता है जिसकी वजह से एकाग्रता नष्ट होकर पढ़ाई में मन नहीं लगता।
समय समय पर अपनी तैयारी का आकलन करते रहें। इससे पता चलेगा कि आपकी तैयारी किस दिशा में जा रही है। आपको मॉक टेस्ट देकर अपनी तैयारी जांचना चाहिए। जिससे जरूरत के हिसाब से आप अपनी रणनीति में बदलाव कर सकेंगे।
आशा है इस आर्टिकल "इयास (उपस्क) की तैयारी कैसे करे -इयास कैसे बने" के माध्यम से आपको सिविल सेवा परीक्षा की पूरी जानकारी मिल गई होगी। इसे अपने मित्रों तक शेयर कर सकते हैं। अपने सवाल एवं सुझाव कमेंट बॉक्स में लिखें साथ ही ऐसी और भी उपयोगी जानकारी के लिए इस वेबसाइट पर विज़िट करते रहें। |
कांग्रेस श्रमिक प्रकोष्ठ के महामंत्री हंस राज धानक ने कहा कि भाजपा सरकार जनता से झूठे वायदे कर सत्ता में आई है। भाजपा सरकार ने सत्ता में आने से पहले बेरोजगारी दूर करने का वायदा किया था। लेकिन यह सरकार सत्ता में आने के बाद बेरोजगारों को ही खत्म करने में लगी है। उन्होंने कहा कि भाजपा सरकार में हर वर्ग दुखी व परेशान है। देश में बेरोजगारी बढ़ी है और युवा वर्ग उच्च शिक्षा ग्रहण करने के बावजूद भी रोजगार के लिए भटक रहा है। सरकार की ओर से देशभर में लागू की गई जीएसटी और नोटबंदी जैसी दमनकारी नीतियों ने देश को तरक्की की बजाय पीछे धकेल दिया है। उन्होंने बताया कि इस सरकार ने बेरोजगारों के हक में आवाज उठाने वाले एनएसयूआई के प्रदेशाध्यक्ष हिमाशुं बुद्धिराजा के खिलाफ मामले दर्ज कर उन्हें गिरफ्तार कर लिया है। |
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WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW:
Epistaxis is a nosebleed. A nosebleed occurs when the blood vessels near the surface of the nasal cavity are injured or damaged.
CARE AGREEMENT:You have the right to help plan your care. Learn about your health condition and how it may be treated. Discuss treatment options with your caregivers to decide what care you want to receive. You always have the right to refuse treatment.
Cautery treatment may cause an opening in your nasal septum. The septum is the thin wall in the middle of your nose that separates your nostrils. Nasal packs may cause discomfort or damage to nasal tissues. They may increase bleeding, make it difficult to breath, or lead to a serious infection. Without treatment, your nose may continue to bleed. You may have trouble breathing or you could lose a lot of blood. This can be life-threatening.
WHILE YOU ARE HERE:
- Vasoconstrictor: Caregivers may apply this medicine into the inside of your nose or to the nasal packing. A vasoconstrictor helps make the blood vessels narrower to control the bleeding. This also decreases the swelling inside your nose and helps you breathe easier.
- Sedation: You may need sedation if you have nasal packing or other treatments that are uncomfortable.
- Antibiotics: This medicine is given to help treat or prevent an infection caused by bacteria.
- Blood pressure medicine: This is given to lower your blood pressure. A controlled blood pressure helps protect your organs, such as your heart, lungs, brain, and kidneys. Take your blood pressure medicine exactly as directed.
- Blood tests: You may need blood taken to give caregivers information about how your body is working. The blood may be taken from your hand, arm, or IV.
- A CT , or CAT scan, takes pictures of your skull and brain. You may be given contrast liquid before the scan. Tell a healthcare provider if you have ever had an allergic reaction to contrast liquid.
- An MRI of the head takes pictures of your brain, blood vessels, and skull. You may be given contrast liquid to help the pictures show up better. Tell a healthcare provider if you have ever had an allergic reaction to contrast liquid. Do not enter the MRI room with anything metal. Metal can cause serious injury. Tell a healthcare provider if you have any metal in or on your body.
- Nasal packing: Your caregiver may pack your nose with a cotton plug, tampon, or gauze bandage to control bleeding.
- Cautery: Your caregiver uses an electrical device or a chemical to seal the injured blood vessels. This may be done to stop bleeding or to prevent more bleeding.
- Balloon device: A balloon device may be placed at the back of your nose to stop the bleeding.
- Embolization: A blocking agent is injected into the bleeding vessel to stop the blood flow.
- Surgery: You may need surgery to tie an artery if the bleeding does not stop. Surgery may also be needed to correct a deformity or fix damaged tissues in the nose. Blood clots in the nose may also be removed to prevent infection. Injury to the other parts of the nose, nerves, or blood vessels may also be treated with surgery.
© 2015 Truven Health Analytics Inc. Information is for End User's use only and may not be sold, redistributed or otherwise used for commercial purposes. All illustrations and images included in CareNotes® are the copyrighted property of A.D.A.M., Inc. or Truven Health Analytics.
The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you. |
अचानक कंप्यूटर या लैपटॉप का कीबोर्ड खराब हो जाता है मगर कुछ जरूरी काम या फिर कोई ऑनलाइन फॉर्म भरना है तो कंप्यूटर में पहले से मौजूद यानी प्रीलोडेड ऑन्स्क्रीन कीबोर्ड का प्रयोग कर सकते हैं। इस कीबोर्ड को माउस की मदद से चलाया जाता है। इसके अलावा किसी आर्टियल को जल्दी लिखना या टाइप करना है तो कुछ एक्सटेंशन की मदद ले सकते हैं जो वॉयस को टेक्स्ट में बदल देते हैं।
ऑनस्क्रीन कीबोर्ड में दाईं ओर नीचे की तरफ दिए गए ऑप्शन पर क्लिक करें। इसके बाद वहां नई विंडो स्क्रीन खुलेगी। इसमें चौथे नंबर हॉवर ओवर कीज का विकल्प होगा,उस पर क्लिक करें। इसके बाद इसमें समय चुनने का विकल्प मिलेगा। वह समय है जिसमें माउस को किसी अक्षर पर रखने से वह खुद ब-खुद टाइप हो जाएगा। इसे कम और ज्यादा कर सकते हैं। इसके बाद नीचे दिए गए ओके पर क्लिक कर दें। सेटिंग में बदलाव करते वक्त माउस का क्लिक बटन ठीक हो।
ऑनस्क्रीन कीबोर्ड की अपनी एक सीमा है कि इससे तेजी से टाइपिंग नहीं की जा सकती है। इसके लिए क्रोम एक्सटेंशन वाइसनोट ई - स्पीच तो टेक्स्ट की मदद ले सकते हैं। इस एक्सटेंशन से बोलकर किसी भी लेख को लिपी किया जा सकता है। इसे क्रोम वेबस्टोर से ब्राउजर में शामिल कर लें। इसका प्रयोग करने के लिए क्रोम ब्राउजर खोलें। इसके बाद बाईं ओर दिए गए आप्प के विकल्प पर क्लिक करें। इसके बाद वॉयस नोट सामने आ जाएगा, जिस पर क्लिक करके उसका प्रयोग करें। |
(एनएलएन मीडिया न्यूज़ लाइव नाऊ) : शिमला। कानून हट जाना भारत के धर्मपरायण और परिवार के एकीकरण को चाहने वाले लोगों गले से नहीं उतर रहा था। इस कानून के तहत ऐसा डर था जिसमे एक विवाहित जोड़ा एक दूसरे से किसी भी रुप में जुड़ा रहना चाहता था जो कई बार परिवार को टूटने से बचाता था लेकिन अचानक ही सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने इस कानून को खत्म कर के भारत की संस्कृति की दिशा ही मोड़ दी है। हैरानी की बात ये रही कि इस पर किसी बड़े नेता ने प्रतिक्रिया नहीं दी जो ये साबित करती है की वो सभी सहमत हैं और खुश हैं लेकिन कम से कम महिला आयोग से प्रतीक्षा थी एक सकारात्मक प्रतिउत्तर की। वो महिला आयोग जो रेखा शर्मा जी के नेतृत्व में चल रहा है .. उनका बयान आया भी इस मुद्दे पर लेकिन जो आया वो किसी को भी चौंकाने वाला था।
राष्ट्रीय महिला आयोग की अध्यक्षा रेखा शर्मा ने मीडिया को दिए गये इन्टरव्यू में संवाददाताओं से कहा, मैं धारा ४९७ को निरस्त करने के उच्चतम न्यायालय के फैसले का स्वागत करती हूं। यह ब्रिटिशकालीन कानून था। अंग्रेजों ने इससे बहुत पहले ही मुक्ति पा ली थी, लेकिन हम इसे लेकर चल रहे थे। इसे बहुत पहले ही खत्म कर देना चाहिए था। इतना ही नहीं आगे उन्होंने इस फैसले पर कहा, महिलाएं अपने पतियों की संपत्ति नहीं हैं। यह फैसला न सिर्फ सभी महिलाओं के हित में है, बल्कि लैंगिक तटस्थता वाला फैसला भी है। उन्होंने बाकायदा अपने बयान को अपने ट्विटर पर शेयर भी किया है।
यहां बच्चे पतीले में बैठकर नदी के रास्ते स्कूल जाने को मजबूर! |
Reset Your Calculator – Get Ready For The Exam
This video shows you how to reset your calculator and clear the memory of all stored data. The video also shows you how to clear the memory without altering your settings, including linear display. It also helps if you've got stuck in the wrong mode or setting and your calculator is doing something weird. Fix your calculator now and get it to display what you need it to display.
One of The Calculator Guide's most popular videos, this procedure is a great way to get your calculator back into the main display and calculation mode if it's note displaying things the way you want.
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Programming 301 - Course Overview
A fast-paced introduction to block programming for beginners in middle school where they create simple interactive programs with a focus on game design.
- GRADES 7-8
An advanced introduction to programming for middle school. Introduce programming fundamentals to your class as they build two arcade-inspired games from start to finish. The Adventure Game features a knight who has to defeat enemies to reach treasure. Students program arrow keys, fluid motion, hero and enemy behavior, and winning conditions. In Dragon Attack, they define multiple levels and lives, and program a boss enemy, while learning about variables and cloning.
- Keyboard and mouse interaction
- Conditional loops
- Nested loops
- Sending and receiving messages
- Fluid motion
- Parallax scrolling
- Local and global variables
- Object cloning
What Students Learn
- Build complex multi-level games
- Use variables to keep score
- Use cloning to create actors programmatically
- Build algorithms using complex conditional logic
- Understand parallelism with multiple scripts
- Program different behaviors for different actors
- Publish projects to the Web
- Troubleshoot and debug programs
* Online courses require a modern desktop computer, laptop computer, Chromebook, or Netbook with Internet access and a Chrome (29+), Firefox (30+), Safari (7+), or Edge (20+) browser. No downloads required. |
-by Krista Taylor
“Scientific observation then has established that education is not what the teacher gives; education is a natural process spontaneously carried out by the human individual, and is acquired not by listening to words but by experiences upon the environment.”(Maria Montessori)
Imagine, if you will, forty-five 8th graders waiting for a plane to depart. A woman asked if we were all “taking a vacation.”
“It’s not a vacation,” exclaimed Sabelle, “it’s an EXPERIENCE!”
She couldn’t have said it better. The trip we take with our 8th graders each May to Pigeon Key, Florida is an experience. This year I had the opportunity to go on the trip for the first time, and I can only describe it as life-changing . . . for my students . . . and for me.
I have been on powerful multi-day field experiences with my students many times before, but nothing compares to this one.
It is so much more than a field trip. What is it exactly? It seems impossible to properly capture the magnitude of this trip – the awe and wonder, the beauty, the precious time. So what is it? Here’s my best answer.
It is an immersive marine biology study.
It is a hands-on exploration of human impact and the critical importance of conservation of our natural world.
It is a time for students to face personal challenges and to reflect on their growth.
It is an opportunity for students to develop and demonstrate leadership skills.
It is a rite of passage marking the conclusion of junior high and the readiness to move on to high school.
Perhaps Qualey’s words, taken from her journal, best capture what it is that students are seeking from this experience.
“Hopefully I change on this trip to be a better person. I’m really trying to think positive, so I can come home with a new attitude and learn how to love myself.”
Over and over again, the most powerful moments for me were the opportunities to view the experiences on this trip through my students’ eyes and to witness their transformative power. The only way I can properly capture that is by sharing students’ written journal reflections and their spoken comments.
(Note: Although, there were 45 students on this trip, the majority of the student comments in this post were written by those in my “grading group.” I believe that they are an accurate reflection of the thoughts and feelings of all the students. While we generally use pseudonyms to protect students’ privacy, in order to be able to give them credit for their written work, names in this post have not been changed.)
For many of our students, this was their first experience on a plane. During the days leading up to the trip, they shared their fears about what could happen on the flight. As we settled into the aircraft on the morning of the trip, I could see the anxiety on their faces, even though most of them were trying to conceal it. Our group was split up, so many students were sitting with strangers. How I wished that I could be seated next to each of them – to provide reassurance and to watch their eyes grow wide as they went above the clouds for the first time.
The poem that Hadiyah wrote in her journal that evening best captures the worry, wonder, and exhilaration that so many of them experienced.
“Her hand was steady and safe
Replacing my mom and dad at the same time for small moments.
Rising turned the clouds into grass and the people into ants.
Laughter crowded the aisle way;
Familiar voices taunted my ears.
I awed as the sky never seemed to end.
Imagination flooding my mind —
It was impossible to pull my eyes away,
Ground like a hot wheel track beneath me,
Clouds casting giant shadows that I never noticed before.
The higher we went the more of a map I saw,
While voids of clouds all over
Making me feel like a drawing on a piece of paper.
The sky never seeming to end,
Glancing at my peers seeing their excitement and glee.
Time seemed to go slow
Stretching out every moment
The pain in my ears traveling to my head
What a lovely flight of mine
What a lovely time of mine”
It is easy to minimize the level of challenge of a first flight, and the sense of pride that comes with conquering this fear. This is what Michael wrote about that experience, “When I got off the plane I felt a sense of accomplishment because it was my first time being on an airplane, and I conducted myself in a professional manner.”
Every time I looked at them on this first day, I felt as if my heart would simply burst with love. They were so open and vulnerable and tender. Such joy written on each of their faces. And finally, after 2 flights, a long bus ride, and a ferry trip, we arrived on Pigeon Key
On Pigeon Key http://pigeonkey.net/contact/
Pigeon Key is a five-acre island accessible only by boat, which is dedicated to marine research, education, and the preservation of the history of the island.
The island truly feels remote — like getting away from it all. It is, figuratively and literally, “off the grid,” getting its water from a pipe that runs along 7-mile Bridge (Henry Flagler’s extension of the old Florida East Coast Railway) — and 95% of its electricity from a solar array, with the remaining 5% coming from on-island generators.
Without the distractions of traffic, commercialism, and electronic devices, students were able to experience the natural world in a way that they had never done before.
Sam wrote, “The United Leaders group went out to the dock and did morning meeting. It was so peaceful on the dock. When I felt peaceful I finally got the feeling of where I was. I saw the sun rise over the water and the palm trees making gentle waveing motions, I felt so excited to be in the place I am.”
Practicing “solo time” is a regular component of our Montessori philosophy. It requires students to spend a period of time in silence. While they are generally in proximity to one another during this time, they are not permitted to interact. They may draw, read, journal, reflect, etc., but they may not do work or sleep. While we typically conduct solo time in the classroom, being on Pigeon Key allowed the experience to be so much richer. Students who often grumble about disliking solo time were begging to be able to do it longer. Many of them recorded their experience in their journals.
Nasiha: “I loved solo time because I got to look at the bright sky going down by the horizon. It was so beautiful. It made me feel so peaceful and calm. Usually I don’t like solo time because I never see the point, but now I like it because of the outside feel and the view.”
Cornell: “The solo time was literally the best solo time I’ve ever had. Like at first I was worried but then something helped me out, and I could really focus. It’s like you never notice how beautiful everything is with all the negativity around America and humanity. During the solo time I got to see nautical beauty and worry about nothing. It was like the first time I have been able to fully not worry about anything. It was pretty cool too, like I wanted there to be more time.”
“It was like the first time I have been able to fully not worry about anything.”
This was our classroom.
We had presentations on squid and shark – followed by dissections of each.
My favorite lesson, however, was on species commonly found in tide pool areas of the Florida Keys. We then went tide-pooling and had close encounters at the touch tanks with the creatures we found. The students utterly transformed during this. They were so full of joy and delight. I loved seeing them this way.
Within minutes of wading in the water, all the students were eagerly engaged in turning over rocks, investigating, identifying, and handling what they found . . . and just having fun together. The air was full of cries of: “Oooh look what I found.”
“Wait, what’s this?!”
“Look, that’s a big one!”
“Oh my God what’s that?”
The kids were far more successful at finding things than I was, but Arianna helped me out.
“Hey Ms. Taylor, these are those anemones that grab onto you when you touch them!”
“Look, touch them. They grab onto your finger!”
“Whoa! How did you know they would do that?”
“We learned about it in our lesson yesterday!”
At the touch tank: Michael didn’t want to handle anything. When I insisted, and held his hands while placing first a sea urchin and then a brittle sea star into them, he exclaimed, “I’m not even scared. . . Oh, yes, I am!”
While nocturnal tide-pooling, I overheard this priceless exchange between Destiny and Jermiah:
“I found a sea star!”
“No, WE found a sea star!”
“Well, I found it!”
“Well, I picked it up!”
Hadiyah described the impact of this lesson in her journal, “One thing that was a surprise for me was how fun the touch tank was. All the organisms were so cool. I wish I could have stayed with them forever.”
The Coral Reef
But snorkeling at Looe Key and Sombrero Reef were perhaps the most intense experiences of the entire trip. We had been preparing for this for months, but our work began in earnest with snorkeling practice on our first day on Pigeon Key. Although a few students were ready and willing to jump right in and use their snorkel gear, many others were not. We had a few non-swimmers, and some who had never been to the ocean before.
Cornell was initially fearful just walking in the shallows – he held my hand, and we had to countdown from 10 and go underwater together in order to get him to get his head wet. The PK staff worked intensely with him and within 30 minutes we heard, “I’m doing it! I’m swimming!”
Next, it was time to jump off the dock with snorkel, mask, and fins – demonstrate being horizontal with face in the water, and dive and clear a snorkel pipe. Cornell didn’t wait until the end of the group this time, and only needed a countdown from three. Off the dock he went. Thirty minutes earlier, he couldn’t swim and was nervous to wade!
But snorkeling at the reefs brought another level of challenge. We took a boat out to the site, which is in the middle of the ocean – no land anywhere to be seen. The water was deeper, and even in the shallow areas, in order to protect the coral, we were not allowed to stand. However, once we put out faces in, we were immediately immersed in an underwater world of colorful life.
All but one of our 45 students made it into the water. While snorkeling at Looe Key, we saw several fairly large reef sharks. As a result, a number of students didn’t stay in the water for very long on that first day.
They were disappointed in themselves, and most of them set a goal to spend more time in the water the next day at Sombrero Reef. Almost all of them did this, and experienced the pride that comes with meeting a challenge you’ve set for yourself.
Michael: “Another very powerful part of this trip was when we went snorkeling because I was very scared to even get into the water. This really changed my view on deep waters and swimming near dangerous animals because I didn’t want to stay in the water for one second on the first day, but on the second day, I was aggravated I even had to get out!”
Alvin: “At Pigeon Key I overcame my fear of snorkeling with sharks. I am most proud of myself for being gritty in everything I did down in Pigeon Key. It made me realize that I have to be gritty in everything I do in my life.”
Cornell: “The trip also helped me understand the beauty of the world. Like seeing all those fish and coral. I got so much salt water in my mouth from laughing/smiling when I saw how amazing everything was. It was amazing to just look at it for minutes and sort of just see natural beauty. It’s so beautiful, you know? The world where it’s natural and protected.”
Hadiyah’s Snorkeling Poem once again manages to express the many thoughts and feelings that snorkeling at the reef elicited.
“Fear crept up my spine
The water like a Gatorade blue
Acting like it had secrets to hide
The deepness threatening me
But under me, something filled with wonder
Jumping so quick I almost missed it
Switching snorkles as fast as people end relationships.
Drawing in excitement
Wanting to see everything I ever learned
Curiosity like a small child and a TV
Pain in my eyes and throat couldn’t stop me.
Not then, not ever
The type of beauty that could make a grown man cry
It gave a sense of courage.
A sense of passion.
Together one minute
Alone the next.
The thank yous
It felt like days under there.
Permanently burned in my brain
Fragments never to be forgotten
Having new friends
And cherishing them, all in three hours.”
Maria Montessori was right. True education “is acquired not by listening to words but by experiences upon the environment.” These lessons can’t be learned in the classroom.
On this trip, the students learned as much about themselves, and each other, as they did about the world around them. They had opportunities to view themselves, and each other, in a new light. They had fun together, and as they did so, they saw themselves changing and growing, and they saw strengths in one another.
Zakeerah’s journal noted a typical adolescent concern, and the tender way her peers took care of her.
“I was worried that no one would want to sit next to me on the bus, and then Dorey took my face in her hands and said, ‘You are a smart and beautiful person.’ If I could have blushed I would have. Then Takko sat next to me on the bus.”
Hadiyah: “I got to know Sam a lot more today. He is really chill and smart. I like that we are closer now. I already knew he was funny, just not THAT funny.”
Michael: “I was really skeptical about how I would fit in with the other 8th graders I didn’t really know. I think this experience really changed my outlook on a lot of things . . . This trip also helped me bond with a lot of my classmates, who I usually don’t talk to or haven’t really got a chance to know. I didn’t really take to heart not judging a book by its cover, but once I got to meet and bond with a lot of the other 8th graders in Pigeon Key, I felt like I had been lost because I could have found these people and talked to them earlier.”
And Qualey, who noted at the beginning of the trip that she hoped to learn to love herself, later wrote: “I don’t know, but today, I see myself changing in a good way, and I’m so proud of myself for growing up and trying to be a positive young lady.”
On this trip, I had the privilege of watching them grow up right before our eyes.
We hold a rite of passage ceremony on our final night on the island. (This ceremony is a well-kept secret at Gamble. Older students, even older siblings, don’t share the details of this ritual with younger students.) As a part of this closing celebration, students receive packets of letter from teachers and family members – each letter acknowledging the student for the gifts the writer sees in them. They read these letters during their final solo time. It is incredibly powerful for them.
Michael: “It was very impactful for me when I read my letters from the teachers and my family because it showed how much others appreciate me, and I never really knew that so many people actually cared about me. That really lit up my day because I was already a bit mad because I didn’t want to go home.”
Closing Ceremony Poem Excerpts
“I cried harder at each letter that filled my mind.
Before we were all blinded teenagers.
Thinking nobody cared,
Nobody could come close to understanding.
When everybody tried to.
Teachers crying, students crying
Everyone crying because
They really care for
Each other. Some tears
Of joy, other tears of
Disappointment or sorrow.
We’re being set free
Like baby birds finally
Learning to fly. Uncomfortable
At first, but later confident
Because we have the tools
We need to succeed in life.”
And There is Magic
The Pigeon Key trip is an intense week full of many, many powerful experiences. Each of these moments swirled together spark sheer and absolute magic.
One evening as we were preparing for bed, Qualey looked up at me and asked, seemingly out of nowhere “Ms. Taylor, Do you think I’m going to be ready for high school next year?”
And my response: “Oh, Qualey, I know you’re going to be ready for high school next year,”
There were so many vulnerable and tender moments like this. It was an absolute honor to get to participate in and witness students’ transformation. It is experiences like these that make teaching worth all the challenges. It is why teachers do what we do. We get to stand beside children, and to serve as their guides.
The school year ended mere days after returning to Cincinnati, and our two-year time together came to an end. These students will move on to our high school program next year. I will miss them.
This is Hadiyah’s response to what she would tell future students.
I feel the same way.
**This trip is a monumental opportunity for our students, but as you can imagine, it is quite expensive. The cost per student is $1,700. With 70% of our students eligible for the Federal Free Lunch Program, this amount is a significant hardship for many of our families. This year, we were able to provide upwards of $12,000 in scholarships through contributions made to the Gamble Montessori Foundation; however, even with that support, only about half of our 8th graders were able to go on the trip. My dream is that someday they will all get to go. If you are interested in helping with this, I am more than happy to provide further information about how to donate, and about how financial aid decisions are made. Feel free to contact me at firstname.lastname@example.org |
Almonds are a popular food consumed on their own or as an ingredient in many sweet and savory foods around the world. L-lysine is an essential amino acid found in many foods, including almonds. In the September 2005 edition of “Plant Foods in Human Nutrition,” a team of researchers led by Florida State University professor Shrihdar K. Sathe, Ph.D., reviewed the l-lysine content and other nutritional characteristics of several varieties of almonds popular in the United States.
Sathe and colleagues report that there are three popular varieties of American almonds, commonly known as Carmel, nonpareil and Mission, based on their shape or area of origin. All three store their protein in the form of amandin, a storage protein unique to almonds that contains relatively little l-lysine. The l-lysine content varies slightly -- less than 3 percent -- between varieties of almonds.
MDConsult.com says that l-lysine plays an important role in growth, wound healing, calcium absorption and the conversion of dietary fats into energy. L-lysine is “essential,” which means that the body must obtain it from foods because it cannot make it on its own. A diet low in l-lysine leads to muscle breakdown in order to free l-lysine for essential activities. Sathe and colleagues say that almonds are a poor source of l-lysine.
The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine says that the estimated average requirement for l-lysine varies by age and body size. Infants need the most, proportionately, about 40 milligrams per pound of body weight. Children between 1 and 3 need about 26 milligrams per pound of body weight per day, and children between 4 and 12 need about 20 milligrams. L-lysine requirements stabilize around the age of 13. Both adults and children 13 and older require about 16 milligrams per pound of body weight. A single serving of almonds contains about 145 milligrams of lysine.
Vegans who rely heavily on almonds for protein might become deficient in l-lysine. Symptoms of l-lysine deficiency, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center, include fatigue, nausea, dizziness, loss of appetite, agitation, bloodshot eyes, poor growth, anemia and reproductive problems. A doctor can diagnose l-lysine deficiency with blood tests or dietary history. Treatment consists of increasing consumption of foods rich in l-lysine, such as soy products and legumes for vegans and poultry, fish and dairy products for all others.
The l-lysine content of almonds has attracted attention because of a purported relationship between nut consumption and herpes outbreaks. While almonds contain little lysine, they are rich in another amino acid, l-arginine, which is thought to trigger activation of the herpes simplex virus. L-lysine also appears to enhance calcium absorption, a potentially important application for people who suffer from osteoporosis. However, compared to cow’s milk and soy milk, almond milk contains very little l-lysine and calcium, making it a poor choice for people attempting to treat osteoporosis through diet. |
दिल्ली के दफ्तरों में महिलाएं सबसे ज्यादा असुरक्षित बताई गई हैं।
नई दिल्ली. रेप की राजधानी कही जाने वाली दिल्ली के दफ्तरों में भी महिलाएं सुरक्षित नहीं हैं। देश की राजधानी दिल्ली में महिलाएं सड़कों पर ही नहीं बल्कि काम करने की जगहों पर भी असुरक्षित हैं। दरअसल, इंडियन नेशनल बार एसोसिएशन की लेटेस्ट रिपोर्ट में बताया गया है कि दिल्ली के अॉफिसों में महिलाओं को सबसे ज्यादा यौन उत्पीड़न और भद्दे कमेंटस का सामना करना पड़ता है।
इंडियन नेशनल बार एसोसिएशन की रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक दिल्ली के दफ्तरों में महिलाएं सबसे ज्यादा असुरक्षित बताई गई हैं। कार्यस्थल पर होने वाले यौन उत्पीड़न, छेड़छाड़ और भद्दे कमेंट्स के मामले में राजधानी पहले स्थान पर है।
डेली मेल रिपोर्ट के मुताबिक हालांकि दफ्तर में यौन उत्पीड़न को लेकर सरकार सख्त हो गई हैं। इसके लिए अलग से नए नियम भी जारी कर दिए गए हैं। गौरतलब है कि ६०९२ केस स्टडीज पर आधारित इंडियन नेशनल बार एसोसिएशन के इस सर्वेक्षण के दौरान दिल्ली में कार्यस्थल पर होने वाले यौन उत्पीड़न के मामले सबसे ज्यादा पाए गए हैं। यह मामले ६३ प्रतिशत बताए गए हैं। दिल्ली के हाद मुंबई और बंगलुरु आदि शहरों के नाम शामिल हैं।
सर्वेक्षण से यह भी पता चला है कि आईटी सेक्टर में यौन उत्पीड़न की घटनाएं ज्यादा होती हैं। इसके बाद शिक्षा, मीडिया और लीगल सेक्टर में सबसे ज्यादा यौन उत्पीड़न के मामले होते हैं।
दिल्ली वुमेन कमिशन की प्रमुख ने बताया, 'मैं इस बात से हैरान नहीं हूं। दिल्ली में महिलाओं के खिलाफ होने वाले अपराध की औसत दर, अन्य महानगरों की तुलना में कहीं अधिक है।' यह कोई चौंकाने वाली बात नहीं हैं। सरकार को इस पर ध्यान देने की जरुरत है। |
जनसत्ता ब्यूरो, नई दिल्ली। कांग्रेस ने राहुल गांधी को प्रधानमंत्री पद का दावेदार घोषित किए जाने की संभावना से इनकार नहीं किया है। कांग्रेस ने यह संकेत दिग्जिवय सिंह सहित पार्टी नेताओं के विरोधाभासी बयानों की पृष्ठभूमि में दिया है।
अगले लोकसभा चुनाव के पहले राहुल को प्रधानमंत्री पद का दावेदार घोषित किए जाने के संबंध में पार्टी की आधिकारिक स्थिति के सवाल पर पार्टी महासचिव अजय माकन ने सोमवार को कहा कि इसका अभी तक फैसला नहीं किया गया है। जब इसका फैसला हो जाएगा, आपको जानकारी हो जाएगी। वहीं सूचना और प्रसारण मंत्री मनीष तिवारी ने इस संबंध में अलग राय व्यक्त करते हुए कहा कि प्रधानमंत्री मनमोहन सिंह, कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष सोनिया गांधी और राहुल गांधी की त्रिमूर्ति २०१४ में पार्टी का नेतृत्व करेगी। तिवारी ने कहा कि मनमोहन सिंह प्रधानमंत्री हैं, सोनिया गांधी यूपीए की अध्यक्ष हैं। हमारे पास राहुल गांधी के रूप में युवा नेता हैं, जिनसे युवा अपना जुड़ाव महसूस करते हैं। यह त्रिमूर्ति २०१४ में कांग्रेस का नेतृत्व करेगी। तिवारी ने कहा कि कुछ ऐसे खास लोग हैं जो एजंडा को आगे बढ़ाने में दिलचस्पी रखते हैं। वे कांग्रेस पार्टी के कामकाज के तरीके की मूलभूत बातों को नहीं समझते।
माकन और तिवारी जवाब दे रहे थे।
दिग्विजय सिंह ने संकेत दिया था कि चुनाव के पहले राहुल को प्रधानमंत्री पद का दावेदार बनाने की संभावना नहीं है। लेकिन द्विवेदी ने शनिवार को दिग्विजय सिंह की टिप्पणी को उनकी निजी राय बताया था।
दिग्विजय सिंह ने एक साक्षात्कार में कहा था,हमारे यहां राष्ट्रपति शासन प्रणाली नहीं है। कांग्रेस पार्टी चुनाव के पहले प्रधानमंत्री या मुख्यमंत्री पद के लिए दावेदार नहीं घोषित करती। कर्नाटक विधानसभा चुनाव में भी हमने मुख्यमंत्री पद का दावेदार नहीं घोषित किया था। उनसे पूछा गया था कि राहुल गांधी को प्रधानमंत्री पद का दावेदार घोषित करने में कांग्रेस को संकोच क्यों है? क्यों उन्हें दावेदार के तौर पेश नहीं किया जाना चाहिए? पार्टी की ओर से प्रधानमंत्री का दावेदार कौन है?
इसके बाद जर्नादन द्विवेदी ने शनिवार को कहा था कि लोगों की निजी राय हो सकती है। लेकिन ऐसे मुद्दों पर अंतिम फैसला पार्टी को ही करना है। द्विवेदी ने कहा कि पार्टी ने जयपुर में जब राहुल गांधी को उपाध्यक्ष नियुक्त करने की घोषणा की थी तो कहा था कि चुनाव प्रचार अभियान और नेतृत्व का फैसला बाद में किया जाएगा। उस समय कोई समय सीमा नहीं घोषित की गई थी। |
ATLA Religion Database + ATLAS: A comprehensive database that includes articles from hundreds of journals and magazines and covers such topics as world religions, Biblical Studies, Church history, and religious perspectives on social issues. Includes articles, essays, books, conference proceedings, and book reviews.
Philosopher's Index: A comprehensive citation-based database, covering journal articles, books, encyclopedias, anthologies, and book reviews.
PhilPapers: Philosophical Research Online: A comprehensive, multilingual database, covering journals, books, open access archives, and personal pages maintained by scholars. The content is arranged by topics in a structured bibliography. The database is maintained and operated by the Center for Digital Philosophy and the Philosophy Documentation Center.
PAIS Index: For research on the intersection of religion and politics.
PsycINFO: Covers the research literature in all areas of psychology and related disciplines in the social and behavioral sciences, as well as religion.
Specific Religious Traditions
Bibliography of Native North Americans (1500+): Covers the history, life and culture of native North Americans. Indexes monographs, essays, journal articles, government documents, historical and ethnographic books, and dissertations.
Digital South Asia Library: Reference works, images, maps, statistics, and other materials on South Asia. This is a part of Center for Research Libraries (CRL) and the University of Chicago.
Index Islamicus (1906+): Indexes literature on Islam, the Middle East, and the Muslim world published in journals, conference proceedings, monographs, multi-authored works, and book reviews. Produced by the Islamic Bibliography Unit at Cambridge University Library.
Index to Jewish Periodicals (1988+): Indexes English-language articles, book reviews, and feature stories in journals devoted to Jewish affairs. Covers Jewish history, activity and thought. Some full-text.
Jewish Studies Source (EBSCO; full-text): Covers several hundred full-text journals, monographs, and newspapers, as well as biographies of leading historical and contemporary Jews.
Web of Knowledge: A research platform that includes a number of databases, including Web of Science (including Arts & Humanities Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index), Journal Citation Reports, and more. |
There were a great many brave men during the Civil War, but I think it is a safe wager that none were braver than Father John B. Bannon. Born on January 29, 1829 in Dublin, Ireland, after he was ordained a priest he was sent in 1853 to Missouri to minister to the large Irish population in Saint Louis. In 1858 he was appointed pastor of St. John’s parish on the west side of the city. Always energetic and determined, he was instrumental in the construction Saint John the Apostle and Evangelist church. Out of his hectic schedule he somehow found time to become a chaplain in the Missouri Volunteer Militia and became friends with many soldiers who, unbeknownst to them all, would soon be called on for something other than peaceful militia drills. In November 1860 he marched with the Washington Blues under the command of Captain Joseph Kelly to defend the state from Jayhawkers from “Bleeding Kansas”.
With the outbreak of the Civil War, most of the Saint Louis Irish were strongly Confederate in their sympathies and Father Bannon was of their number. The Irish viewed the conflict in light of their experiences in Ireland with the English invaders, with the Southerners in the role of the Irish and the Northerners as the English. Confederate militia gathered at Camp Jackson after the firing on Fort Sumter, and Father Bannon went there as chaplain of the Washington Blues. Camp Jackson eventually surrendered to Union forces, and Father Bannon was held in Union custody until May 11, 1861. He resumed his parish duties, although he made no secret from the pulpit where his personal sympathies lay. Targeted for arrest by the Union military in Saint Louis, on December 15, 1861, he slipped out of the back door of his rectory, in disguise and wearing a fake beard, as Union troops entered the front door.
He made his way to Springfield, Missouri where Confederate forces were gathering, and enlisted in the Patriot Army of Missouri under the colorful General Sterling Price, who would say after the War that Father Bannon was the greatest soldier he ever met.
He became a chaplain in the First Missouri Confederate Brigade, and would serve in that capacity until the unit surrendered at Vicksburg on July 4, 1863. He quickly became a legend not only in his brigade, but in the entire army to which it was attached and an inspiration to the soldiers, Catholic and Protestant alike. At the three day battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6-8, 1862, he disobeyed orders for chaplains to remain in the rear and joined the soldiers on the firing line, giving human assistance to the wounded, and divine assistance for those beyond human aid. For Catholic soldiers he would give them the Last Rites, and Protestant soldiers, if they wished, he would baptize.
At Pea Ridge he first established his reputation for utter fearlessness. He joined a cannon crew after most of the crew had been killed by Union fire. Father Bannon thought that chaplains who obeyed orders and remained out of harm’s way became “frequently objects of derision, always disappearing on the eve of an action, when they would stay behind in some farm house till all was quiet.” In order to do his job of bringing Christ to the men facing death, he reasoned that he had to be with them, and he was quite willing to risk his life doing so. “I am doing God’s work, and He has no use for cowards or skulkers. A Catholic priest must do his duty and never consider the time or place. If I am killed, I am not afraid to meet my fate. I am in God’s keeping. His holy will be done.” Towards the end of the battle he encountered General Earl Van Dorn who ordered him to the rear. He flatly refused to do so, even under threat of arrest, saying that he could not serve at the field hospitals in the rear the men who could not be moved from the battlefield, and that he would not leave, until he had attended them. In the face of such determination, the General retreated.
Father Bannon rendered such service in many battles in the West: Iuka, Corinth, Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, Champion Hill and the siege of Vicksburg. Nights before a battle were always busy for Father Bannon when he, “Would go up to a watch-fire, and waking one of the men, called him aside, hear his confession, and send him to summon another. The whole night would be spent thus in going from campfire to campfire. The men were always willing to come, generally too glad of the opportunity; some would even be watching for me.” As the troops would go into battle, Father Bannon would routinely give them mass absolution: “When the time came for advancing, I made a sigh for them all to kneel, and gave them absolution (and) I then went to the second line, or the reserve, till it was their turn also to advance.”
At the siege of Vicksburg he was either in the trenches with the troops or at the hospital helping the wounded. Frequent Union bombardments made life in Vicksburg precarious for all, and Father Bannon had many close calls. He had high praise for the Sister of Mercy nuns who acted as volunteer nurses, for the kindness and skill with which they cared for the wounded soldiers, and their lack of fear while being subjected to bombardments.
With the surrender of Vicksburg, Father Bannon’s service as a chaplain came to an end. Although never formally exchanged, Father Bannon, was released by the Union Army, along with most of the Confederate troops captured, after the troops promised not to bear arms until they were exchanged for captured Union troops.
Father Bannon traveled to Richmond to report to Bishop John McGill, the Bishop of Richmond. While at Richmond he preached in the cathedral and came to the attention of President Jefferson Davis. On August 30, 1863, Father Bannon was astonished to receive a message asking him to meet with Davis. At the subsequent meeting, Davis asked Father Bannon to undertake a diplomatic mission to Ireland to discourage Union recruiting in that country. At the suggestion of Father Bannon the mission was broadened to include Rome, in hopes that Father Bannon could aid in convincing Pio Nono, Pope Pius IX, to recognize the Confederacy.
On October 3, 1863 he slipped through the Union blockade aboard the blockade runner Robert E. Lee, sailing from Wilmington, North Carolina. Father Bannon was first, last and always a priest, and he talked to a sailor, John Bannister Tabb about the Faith during the voyage. Tabb later converted and eventually became a priest.
The Robert E. Lee got Father Bannon to Bermuda, and from there he traveled to London, England via Halifax aboard British ships. In London he reported to Henry Hotze, the mastermind behind the Confederate diplomatic effort in Europe during the War. After conferring with Hotze, Father Bannon went to Dublin and went to work writing circulars and drafting posters to be distributed among emigrants sailing to America to dissuade them from enlisting. He painted a dark picture of the North as a land of infidelity and anti-Catholicism and portrayed the South as being invaded by the North just as Ireland had been invaded by England. He also quoted the Pope’s letter to Jefferson Davis in which he prayed for peace in America. There is some evidence that Father Bannon succeeded in convincing some of the Irish emigrants not to enlist, although by this time in the War enthusiasm for enlistment in a bloody conflict that seemed to go on and on was on the wane North and South in any case. That of course does not diminish the incredible amount of hard work and energy that Father Bannon brought to his efforts.
In June of 1864 Bishop Lynch of Richmond arrived in Ireland on a diplomatic mission to Rome and, at his request, Father Bannon accompanied him. Father Bannon made a good impression on the Pope, but by this time in the War official recognition was simply not going to happen. In any case, I think no amount of diplomatic recognition, unless followed by military intervention on a huge scale, could have altered the course of the war.
While in Rome, Father Bannon decided to entered the Jesuit order. Unwilling to return to the United States after the defeat of the Confederacy, Father Bannon went on to a new life and an illustrious career as a well loved Jesuit priest in Ireland. He died on July 14, 1913. We will end this post with a song which I suspect was a favorite of Father Bannon. |
The importance of vet checks for looking at dogs holistically
"Behavioural problems and physiological medical problems have been treated separately for years, but behaviour depends on an animal's health and vice versa. Some behaviour problems are caused totally or partially due to medical problems. But this comes with its own diagnostic challenges for vets as apart from behavioural changes there are no other indications of illness. Camps. T, Amat. M, et al (2019)
Something that has encouraged and conversely put some clients off on initial contact is the recommendation of a Veterinary check to establish whether sudden behaviour changes or rescue dogs could be suffering with pain or ill health which has caused the change in behaviour.
When a dog presents with a new behaviour we have to explore all of the changes within yours and your dogs life, whether you have moved home, someone has moved in or out, any surgery, any attacks or incidents, a new dog in the home, sudden periods of separation and much more which could influence behaviour or if there's anything medically happening.
Dogs are very good at hiding pain and illness, we have to be mindful that no two dogs will show the same behaviours of expression of pain, especially dependent on their pain threshold as some injuries or pain may be slow in developing to big gestures of limping or vocalisations. There can be more subtle signs such as changes in pupil dilation, restlessness, changes in appetite or behaviour, increased or reduced physical activity and even a bite from a normally friendly dog.
Some people also think that when we say this that we mean a booster appointment for a vaccination.
Within another research study researchers found that veterinarians were criticised for not discussing or investigating behavioural problems with dog owners, so the researchers set up on a fly on the wall approach. 17 consultations were set up with 6 veterinarians, the dog owners were asked to share their concerns about behaviour which resulted in 58 behaviours of concern across the total and found that only 10 of the consultations out of 58 had been discussed. With the dog owners having to bring up the topic of behavioural concerns that they had. Roshier, A. L. (2013)
A previous study five years earlier observed wellness appointments and health problem appointments and found that 90% of the conversation focused on the health problem focusing on the biomedical data whereas in wellness appointments, 50% of the conversation is based on gathering information and 27% based on owner education and that due to dogs only going to the vets when unwell or for boosters is the only opportunity to discuss welfare. Shaw.J, et al (2008).
Which as a form of confusion that we find when discussing vet checks with dog owners makes sense as to why when we ask or recommend a Vet check that dog owners (guardians) typically tell us that nothing was wrong and or discussed at the booster appointment.
There were also two main barriers found in the question of: "Do you have any concerns?" in that dog owners felt embarrassed or that the behaviour was trivial and that dog owners need a flow of conversation to be able to open up. Robinson. J. D, (2001)
This second part is really important because when we use a client centred approach with dog owners (guardians) and help them to feel empowered, more people do talk at ease and even though emotions come up, there is no sense of embarrassment. When we actively listen this helps people to talk, and empowers the dog owner to speak up about how you feel, how behaviour might be affecting you and then we come full circle to how we can help. Because both ends of the leads are equally important.
This study goes onto discuss welfare in dogs and dog owners (guardians) legal duties under the Animal Welfare Act (2006) which I have discussed before. The study finishes with the conclusion of understanding animal and owner needs for best welfare practice aimed at vets. Short, C. E. (1998)
But all professionals who work with dogs have an ethical duty of care to best inform dog owners (guardians) education on why vet checks are vital and why doing particular things with dogs and meeting their biological needs is so important. This is why we also share a welfare responsibility for dogs who we work with because we need to best support the primary caregiver and families of their dog.
So if your dog is showing changes in behaviour or you have a new dog and you're worried about some of the behaviours, please don't be worried about reaching out for help and discussing these worries. Either with your vet or reach out to a behaviourist. You should always be made to feel empowered, valid and supported.
There are no silly questions or concerns, if you are worried about something it's much better to ask and if you aren't happy with the answer you can absolutely get another opinion. This doesn't make you a "Karen or a Kevin" as many people do worry they will quickly become a social media slur and considering people's feelings and worries as much as we might chuckle at these expressions of names to label someone difficult, the truth is more people dare not speak up when something is bothering them because of silly social media quips.
Always speak up, always ask questions, your feelings are valid and there is nothing to be embarrassed about and even if you cannot pinpoint how your dog could be ill or in pain, remember they hide pain and unwellness well, circling back to journals yesterday this is where journals come in handy paired with your vet and behaviourist.
Camps T, Amat M, Manteca X. A Review of Medical Conditions and Behavioral Problems in Dogs and Cats. Animals (Basel). 2019 Dec 12;9(12):1133. doi: 10.3390/ani9121133. PMID: 31842492; PMCID: PMC6941081.
Roshier AL, Foster N, Jones MA. Veterinary students' usage and perception of video teaching resources. BMC Med Educ. 2011 Jan 10;11:1. doi: 10.1186/1472-6920-11-1. PMID: 21219639; PMCID: PMC3025976.
Shaw J. R., Adams C. L., Bonnett B. N., Larson S., Roter D. L. (2008) Veterinarian-client-patient communication during wellness appointments versus appointments related to a health problem in companion animal practice. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 233, 1576–1586
Robinson J. D. (2001) Closing medical encounters: two physician practices and their implications for the expression of patients' unstated concerns. Social Science and Medicine 53, 639–656
Short, C.E. (1998) “Fundamentals of pain perception in Animals,” Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 59(1-3), pp. 125–133. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-1591(98)00127-0.
Image description: a mint green background with a shaded green category circle. Within the categories are sleep, with a grey wolf dog sleeping on a pink bed.
A Wheelchair user with their back to the screen playing the chair game with a cream and grey wolfdog with the category title of "Time to train new protocols."
A category called "diet" with the sodapup honeycomb slow feeder with raw food in the centre with vegetables, fish, liver and eggs in the outer of the bowl.
A Vet with blonde short hair, white medical coat and green scrubs stood with a dark grey and tan Wolfdog with the category "vet check".
A category called opportunities for mental enrichment with a dark grey and tan Wolfdog behind an xpen fence, within a Doggy Enrichment Land. A green wall with the bottom of a picture frame and a music speaker. There is a destruction box filled with balls, a Kong, a lickimat, a snuffle mat, an orange bed, a bone, an ostrich twist and a loose ball.
The last category is "Keep a journal" with a lined journal with green edges and rainbow dividers.
For Miyagis Dog Training |
भाजपा की जीत पर भरोसा जताते हुए सिंह ने कहा कि राज्य के चुनावों का अगले साल के लोकसभा चुनाव पर थोड़ा असर पड़ सकता है। साथ ही उन्होंने कहा कि राज्य के चुनावों को मोदी सरकार के जनमत संग्रह के तौर पर नहीं देखना जाना चाहिए। नक्सल हिंसा को लेकर विपक्षी नेता अपनी चुनावी रैलियों में रमन सिंह सरकार पर सुरक्षा के मोर्चे पर विफल रहने का आरोप लगा रहे हैं। सिंह ने कहा कि बस्तर क्षेत्र में नक्सलियों के लिए गुस्सा अब भी है और अगर वह फिर से सत्ता में आते हैं तो क्षेत्र में शांति सुनिश्चित करना उनकी प्राथमिकता होगी।
बता दें कि छत्तीसगढ़ में दो चरणों में मतदान होगा। १२ नवंबर को पहले चरण में छत्तीसगढ़ विधानसभा की १८ सीटों पर मतदान होगा जिनमें सिंह का राजनंदगांव निर्वाचन क्षेत्र भी शामिल है जबकि राज्य में शेष ७२ सीटों पर २० नवंबर को दूसरे चरण का मतदान होगा। सभी ९० सीटों पर मतगणना ११ दिसंबर को होगी। उसी दिन चार अन्य राज्यों मध्य प्रदेश, तेलंगाना, राजस्थान और मिजोरम में मतगणना होगी।
छत्तीसगढ़ विधानसभा चुनाव २०१८ जीतकर चौथी बार मुख्यमंत्री बनने की उम्मीदें संजोए डॉ. रमन सिंह का कहना है कि अगले साल होने वाले लोकसभा चुनावों पर इन नतीजों का कुछ असर पड़ सकता है। साथ ही सिंह ने कहा कि इसे नरेंद्र मोदी सरकार के लिए किसी जनमत संग्रह के तौर पर नहीं देखा जाना चाहिए। विपक्षी पार्टियों का कहना है कि लगातार तीसरा कार्यकाल पूरा कर रहे सिंह के खिलाफ जोरदार सत्ता विरोधी लहर है।
पिछले १५ साल से छत्तीसगढ़ की कुर्सी पर काबिज सिंह ने इन संभावनाओं को खारिज किया कि राज्य में कृषि कर्ज माफी के कांग्रेस अध्यक्ष राहुल गांधी के वादे का आगामी विधानसभा चुनावों पर कोई असर पड़ेगा। उन्होंने कहा कि यहां किसानों को पहले ही शून्य ब्याज दर पर कर्ज दिया गया है। ६६ वर्षीय सिंह ने कहा कि उनकी सरकार ने कृषि के क्षेत्र में जो काम किया है उसके और सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली के प्रभावी क्रियान्वयन के चलते राज्य में सत्ता के पक्ष में लहर है। |
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