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| title
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| abstract
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| embedding
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https://openalex.org/W4298100979
|
Volt-Ampere characteristic of "black box" with a negative resistance
|
This problem was given at Third Experimental Physics Olympiad "The day of the resistor", 31 October 2015, Kumanovo, organized by the Regional Society of Physicists of Strumica, Macedonia and the Sofia Branch of the Union of Physicists in Bulgaria.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298102863
|
The invasive zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) literature review and density reduction synthesis
|
In this study, the impacts of zebra mussels on aquatic communities (biology, ecology, natural enemies of zebra mussel, effects on the ecosystems etc.) were evaluated based on the international scientific literature. In the last 30 years, zebra mussel studies have been focused on their distribution, environmental interactions and harms in different aquatic ecosystems. With this review study, a synthesis was made from studies on zebra mussels that cause damage to many aquatic ecosystems around the world, and the hypothesis for their reduction in the ecosystem was put forward. As a result of this hypothesis, suggestions such as joining the pieces of a puzzle are presented in the last part of the review. With the implementation of the suggestions given as a result of the study, it will be possible to make a great contribution to the economies of the countries by reducing the zebra mussel, which causes a billion dollars of economic damage in aquatic ecosystems. In this context, freshwater lake, which is the most intense in America and freshwater lake in similar ecosystem which is rarely seen in Anatolia in Eurasia, should be studied simultaneously. As a result, by preventing the reproduction of the species causing problems in many aquatic ecosystems in the world, a great distance will be covered in terms of protecting water resources for the coming years.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298108876
|
Differential expression of aqueous humor microRNAs in central retinal vein occlusion and its association with matrix metalloproteinases: a pilot study
|
The aim of this study is to investigate the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), and their association with AH matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Eighteen subjects, including 10 treatment naïve patients with CRVO and 8 control subjects, scheduled for intravitreal injection and cataract surgery, respectively, were included. AH samples were collected at the beginning of the procedure. A microarray composed of 84 miRNAs was performed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in CRVO AH, which were further analyzed using bioinformatic tools to identify directly related cytokines/proteins. Eight miRNAs (hsa-mir-16-5p, hsa-mir-142-3p, hsa-mir-19a-3p, hsa-mir-144-3p, hsa-mir-195-5p, hsa-mir-17-5p, hsa-mir-93-5p, and hsa-mir-20a-5p) were significantly downregulated in the CRVO group. Bioinformatic analysis revealed a direct relationship among downregulated miRNAs, CRVO, and the following proteins: MMP-2, MMP-9, tumor necrosis factor, transforming growth factor beta-1, caspase-3, interleukin-6, interferon gamma, and interleukin-1-beta. Activities of MMP-2 and -9 in AH were detected using gelatin zymography, showing significant increase in the CRVO group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). This pilot study first revealed that MMP-2 and -9 were directly related to downregulated miRNAs and showed significant increase in activity in AH of patients with CRVO. Therefore, the relevant miRNAs and MMPs in AH could serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRVO.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298110335
|
Evaluation of the Gas Drainage Effect in Deep Loose Coal Seams Based on the Cloud Model
|
The gas drainage effect is one of the important elements in the study of gas drainage in coal mines. It is critical to establish an effective evaluation model of the gas drainage effect for coal mines because the result of gas drainage is directly related to the safety of the coal mines. Through the research related to the safety evaluation in the existing coal mining process, we discovered that there are few studies on the evaluation of the impact of deep and soft gas drainage, and the evaluation methods are not sufficiently effective to resolve the complex problems arising in the process of gas drainage. This paper took “three soft” coal seams in the Lugou Coal Mine as the research object and constructed the evaluation index system on the basis of thoroughly analyzing the factors of coal seam drainage. We then employed a combination weighting method to attain the optimal weight by organically integrating the Analysis Hierarchical Process subjective weighting method and the Criteria Importance Through Interaction Correlation objective weighting method and utilized the cloud model to compute the numerical characteristic value of the evaluation index. In the end, this method obtained an evaluation result of the gas drainage effect evaluation. The evaluation result grade is good. Additional analysis was performed according to the evaluation factors, and corresponding improvement measures were proposed. This is of great importance in promoting safe production and improving the efficiency of gas drainage.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298110625
|
The mediating role of meaning at work in promoting teacher commitment and reducing burnout
|
The influence of teachers’ commitment and burnout on student learning outcomes and their performance requires astute research to identify the antecedent factors of these two variables. Commitment and burnout are peremptorily related to the positive and negative aspects of performance, respectively. Most of the previous research showed inconsistency; therefore, a new assay is needed to produce more convincing findings. This study aims to identify the antecedent variables of teachers’ commitment and job burnout by using meaning at work as a mediating variable. Based on the convenience sampling technique, 304 respondents were selected among the teachers in private primary and secondary education levels in the East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. A structural equation model (SEM) was used in the data analysis. The results showed that school support, self-actualization, and meaning at work were antecedent variables for teachers’ commitment and burnout. The meaning at work also mediates the relationship between school support and self-actualization. Meanwhile, the remaining four mediating roles were not proven in this research. These findings offer a framework for principals to increase commitment and reduce teachers’ burnout by increasing school support and self-actualization through meaning at work.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298119427
|
circKMT2E Protect Retina from Early Diabetic Retinopathy through SIRT1 Signaling Pathway via Sponging miR-204-5p
|
Objective. To explore the changes of circRNAs in the retina of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) to screen latent protective factor. Methods. The sequencing data of the retina from three diabetic donors that possess no noticeable pathological feature of the retina at ultimate eye inspection and three healthy donative samples were involved in this study. Herein, we carried out bioinformatics analysis to disclose the expression pattern and characteristics of circRNAs on the basis of Gene Ontology as well as KEGG pathway analyses. Then, sequencing data were applied to infer the interaction between selected circRNAs and miR-204-5p. The potential miRNA response elements for the annotated circRNAs and their target gene were speculated using TargetScan as well as miRanda. Results. RNA sequencing detected 28,978 alternative circRNAs. Thereinto, 1063 were expressed with significant difference. circKMT2E was upregulated more than two folds in alloxan-induced diabetic retinal tissues compared with normal retinal tissues, exhibiting an expression trend opposite to miR-204-5p. Bioinformatics analysis showed that circKMT2E have four seed sequences on hsa-miR-204-5p. Thus, circKMT2E was speculated to have function on the basis of sponging miR-204-5p in order to participate in the pathogenetic process of DR. Besides, miR-204-5p was speculated to be able to bind SIRT1, which can interact with its target proteins, and adjusts various cell functions including cellular inflammatory responses, proliferation, as well as apoptosis. Conclusion. The upregulation of circKMT2E in the early stage of DR may be involved in its pathogenesis and may activate the SIRT1 signaling pathway to protect the retina by the sponge function to miR-204-5p.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298119443
|
Parameter Optimization of Educational Network Ecosystem Based on BERT Deep Learning Model
|
The key sentimental words in the text cannot be paid attention to effectively, and language knowledge such as the text information and the sentimental resources are relied on. Therefore, it is necessary to make full use of this unique sentimental information to achieve the best performance of the model. In order to solve the problems, a method based on the fusion of the convolutional neural network and the bidirectional GRU network text sentiment analysis capsule model to analyze the ideological and political education of public opinion is put forward. In this model, each sentiment category is combined with the attention mechanism to generate feature vectors to construct sentiment capsules. Finally, the text sentiment categories are judged according to the attributes of the capsules. The model is tested on MR, IMDB, SST-5, and the data set of the ideological and political education review. Experimental results show that compared with MC-CNN-LSTM, the readiness rate of the proposed model is improved by 5.1%, 2.8%, 2.8%, and 1.6% on four public Chinese and English data sets, respectively. Compared with LR-Bi-LSTM, NSCL, and multi-Bi-LSTM models, the accuracy of the proposed MC-BiGRU-Capsule model on MR and SST-5 data are 3.2%, 2.4%, and 3.4% higher than that of the LR-Bi-LSTM, NSCL, and multi-Bi-LSTM models, respectively. It also shows a better classification effect on multiclassification data sets. It is concluded that compared with other baseline models, this method has a better classification effect.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298122192
|
A new approach for alkali incorporation in Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> solar cells
|
Abstract The addition of alkali elements has become mandatory for boosting solar cell performance in chalcogenide thin films based on kesterites (Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , CZTS). A novel doping process is presented here, that consists in the incorporation of sodium or lithium during the deposition of the CdS buffer layer, followed by a post-deposition annealing (PDA). As the doping route leads to more efficient devices in comparison with the undoped reference sample, the influence of PDA temperature was also investigated. Compositional profiling techniques, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and glow discharge optical mission spectroscopy (GDOES), revealed a dependence of the alkaline distribution in kesterites with the PDA temperature. Although the doping process is effective in that it increases the alkaline concentration compared to the undoped sample, the compositional profiles indicate that a significant proportion of Li and Na remains ‘trapped’ within the CdS layer. In the 200 °C–300 °C range the alkali profiles registered the higher concentration inside the kesterite. Despite this, an additional alkali accumulation close to the molybdenum/fluorine doped tin oxide substrate was found for all the samples, which is frequently related to alkali segregation at interfaces. The addition of both, lithium and sodium, improves the photovoltaic response compared to the undoped reference device. This is mainly explained by a substantial improvement in the open-circuit potential ( V oc ) of the cells, with best devices achieving efficiencies of 4.5% and 3% for lithium and sodium, respectively. Scanning-electron microscopy images depicted a ‘bilayer structure’ with larger grains at the top and small grains at the bottom in all samples. Moreover, the calculated bandgap energies of the CZTS films account for changes in the crystallographic order-disorder of the kesterites, more related to the PDA treatment rather than alkali incorporation. Even if further optimization of the absorber synthesis and doping process will be required, this investigation allowed the evaluation of a novel strategy for alkali incorporation in kesterite based solar cells.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298122451
|
Effect of Fine Structures Formed by Nanoimprinting Using Anodic Porous Alumina Mold on Surface Hydrophobicity
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A surface with a simple nanopillar array and hierarchical micro-/nano structures consisting of microconvexes and a surface with a nanopillar array were fabricated by nanoimprinting using two types of anodic porous alumina mold. On both surfaces, the height of polymer nanopillars could be controlled by adjusting the anodization time for the preparation of the anodic porous alumina mold. Regarding water-repellent properties, a higher contact angle was observed on the surface with a hierarchical structure than on the surface with a simple nanopillar array. In the measurement of the water droplet sliding angle, the surface with a hierarchical structure showed higher performance characteristics than the surface with a simple nanopillar array. This is because the surface with a hierarchical structure can more easily trap air between the substrate surface and the water droplet than the surface with a simple nanopillar array. The hierarchical micro-/nano structures could be prepared repeatedly by nanoimprinting using a single mold. The method developed here for preparing a superhydrophobic surface is used for various applications, such as those requiring superhydrophobic surfaces with sliding angles.
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https://openalex.org/W4298122710
|
IL-2 Combined with IL-15 Enhanced the Expression of NKG2D Receptor on Patient Autologous NK Cells to Inhibit Wilms’ Tumor via MAPK Signaling Pathway
|
Objective. The dysfunction of immune surveillance, a hot spot in cancer research, could lead to the occurrence and development in multicancers. However, the potential mechanisms of immunity in Wilms’ tumor (WT) remain unclear on Wilms’ tumor (WT). In this study, we aim to investigate the immune cell in WT and explore the underlying treatment strategy. Method. We quantified stromal and immune scores by using ESTIMATE algorithm based on gene expression matrix of WT patients in TCGA and GEO databases. Different expression genes (DEGs) and functional enrichments were analyzed by R studio and DAVID tools. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA assay, and qRT-PCR were used for detecting the NK cells, cytotoxic cytokines (INF-γ, PRF, and GZMB), and NK cell receptor expression, respectively. WT patient autologous NK cells were stimulated by IL-2 and IL-15, and the cytotoxicity of NK cells against WT cell lines was detected by LDH assay. Western blot experiment was used for measuring the MAPK signaling pathway protein maker in NK cells. Results. ESTIMATE indicated that WT tissue had a lower immune score than adjacent kidney tissue. Meanwhile, the low immune score group was associated with poorly outcomes. DEG functional enrichment analysis showed that NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was significantly different in low and high immune score groups. Although few of proportion of NK cells in WT patients were increased, most of that were significantly lower than normal children. Moreover, the proportion of NK cells and the expression level of INF-γ, PRF, and GZMB in WT tissue were lower than adjacent kidney tissue. Importantly, the NKG2D expression level of NK cells was significantly lower in WT tissue. Furthermore, in vitro, compared with uncultured NK cells, IL-2 and IL-15 could effectively enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells on killing the WT cell lines. The FACS and WB results showed that the NKG2D and p-PI3K ratio PI3K, MEK1/2, and p-ERK1/2 ratio ERK1/2 were significantly increased in IL-2 and IL15 group compared with uncultured groups. Conclusion. The abnormal NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity may cause the occurrence of WT. Costimulation of WT patients autologous NK cells could effectively enhance the antitumor reaction which involved in activation of NKG2D-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298126686
|
Home Care System for Mobility Disabilities Based on Intelligent Perception
|
In order to explore how to realize home care for the elderly with mobility difficulties, this paper proposes a home care system for the elderly with mobility difficulties based on intelligent perception. This method explores the research of home care for mobility disabilities by recommending key technical problems and solutions based on information represented by intelligent perception. The research shows that the home care system based on intelligent perception can effectively solve the nursing problems of the elderly, which is about 60% more efficient than the traditional methods. The combination of intelligent perception and reasonable home care mode will improve the social and economic benefits of health services and promote the balance between supply and demand of the whole health services.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298129851
|
Narrative Development Later in Life
|

 
 
 Prevailing paradigms in gerontology tend to eclipse the creative side of aging, implicitly perceiving it in terms of a narrative of decline. Building on insights from the field of narrative gerontology, this paper proposes an explicitlyliterary metaphor for understanding the subjective experience of aging, one in which our lives themselves are conceived in textual terms: As novels we are continually composing––as author, narrator, protagonist, and reader more or less at once. Drawing on literary theorist Mikhail Bahktin, the paper argues the merits of the metaphor of life-as-novel, notes the entailments it carries with it, and enlists it to deepen our understanding of narrative development in later life, with special emphasis on the challenges such development can face. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of a “novel perspective” for the practice of narrative care with older adults and for future research into the poetics of growing old.
 
 
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https://openalex.org/W4298130540
|
Forever niche: Why do organically bred vegetable varieties not diffuse?
|
While organic food increased its market share in conventional food retail, virtually all organic vegetables are still conventionally bred. For decades, organically bred vegetable varieties remained a market niche, despite their socio-ecological benefits. This paper conceptualizes actors and activities around organic breeding as a Technological Innovation System (TIS) and analyzes what prevents these varieties from widely diffusing into conventional supermarkets. Investigated systemic barriers relate to knowledge, market formation, investments, and legitimacy. The study is based on interviews with food retailers and (commons-based) breeding initiatives across Germany. Theoretically, the paper adds an innovation system perspective on the diffusion of organically bred varieties, a blind spot in the emerging seed commons debate. Furthermore, it contributes to sustainability transitions literature by introducing a novel empirical topic and reframing the TIS framework to analyze agri-food innovations. Identifying barriers and vicious cycles might support practitioners and policymakers seeking to diffuse this agri-food niche.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298132402
|
Measurement of AC loss down to 25 K in a REBCO racetrack coil for electrical aircraft motor
|
The development of full superconducting motors for electric distributed aircraft propulsion requires to test the stator coils at the operation temperature, usually between 20 and 40 K. Here, we study the AC loss of a test racetrack coil made of REBCO tape. We developed a measurement system within a non-metallic cryostat where a cryocooler cools the test coil in combination with liquid or solid nitrogen. We present transport AC loss measurements by electrical means down to 25 K for current amplitudes up to 140 A and frequency 18-576 Hz. The AC loss increased with second power with current, and did not depend on frequency or temperature. Later, we measured the AC parallel magnetization loss in a stack of tapes made of the same material as the coil, and in a stack of tapes without superconducting layer. The results in both samples is almost identical and presents the same behavior as the coil. We conclude that the main contribution to the AC loss in the tape stack and in the coil was from the magnetism of the Hastelloy substrate or buffer layers. Therefore, researchers need to take this into account in tape production and in superconducting motor design.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298134554
|
Updated Checklist of Food Plants of Macrosiphini (Aphididae: Hemiptera) in India–3
|
The Macrosiphini is one of the 2 tribes of the subfamily Aphidinae (Aphididae: Hemiptera) containing about 2166 species/subspecies assigned to 242 genera.Out of these, only 96 genera and 374 species are recorded from India infesting hundreds of plant species belonging to several families.The food plants of Indian Macrosiphini is catalogued alphabetically (aphid species-wise) in three parts.In this contribution, food plants of only 33 genera and 117 species of aphids belonging to the tribe Macrosiphini (Nasonovia to Xenosiphonaphis) are catalogued.These aphids feed on 392 plant species belonging to 80 families.Most suffered families are Asteraceae (74 species) followed by Poaceae (64 species), Rosaceae (26 species), Orchidaceae (18 species), Lamiaceae (17 species) and Polygonaceae (14 species).Among them, several species are crops of agricultural and horticultural importance.The update checklist of food plants of rest of Macrosiphini will be dealt in successive articles.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298141378
|
(Invited) Development of 3-inch AlN Single Crystal Substrates
|
Aluminum nitride (AlN) substrates with diameter of 2-inch are available at large quantities. The further commercialization of the AlN as a substrate for the ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) electronics depends on its size (≥ 100 mm), cost, and substrate properties. We developed a method based on the Physical Vapor Transport (PVT) capable of growing large AlN bulk crystals. The resulting AlN substrate diameter was increased from 2-inch to 3-inch. The 3-inch AlN is viewed as intermediate phase for realization of 100 mm AlN. The 3-inch AlN substrate exhibit very good crystallinity and excellent UV transparency.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298141394
|
Administrative reforms in the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan: a selective approach to bridge the capacity gap
|
The article investigates the impact of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, complemented by changes in the composition of government at the domestic level, on the patterns of administrative reforms in Italy. We draw on research arguments that rest on historical institutionalism, which constitutes an established approach to the study of administrative reforms. We elaborate on how history has connected well-established patterns of administrative reform to the design and governance of the NRRP measures that aim to provide better public services. We find the strongest support for the research arguments derived from the reactive approach to policy sequencing, entailing the co-existence of pre-pandemic patterns and innovative policy features
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298141532
|
Development and verification of a prognostic model for colon cancer on pyroptosis-related genes
|
Background: Recently, the role of pyroptosis in cancer has attracted people's attention, but its function in colon cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to construct a pyroptosis-related model that can effectively predict the prognosis of patients with colon cancer and explore the potential functions of pyroptosis-related genes. Methods: We identified 40 differentially expressed PRGs between colon cancer and normal colon tissues. The model was established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression method, and the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Finally, we verified its biological function in vitro based on three PRGs and demonstrated discrepant expression of PRGs within colon cancer and non-tumor tissues at the protein level with immunohistochemistry. Results: A pyroptosis-related prognosis model was constructed, which divided 446 patients with colon cancer into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis results showed that the survival of patients with colon cancer in the high-risk group was worse than that in the low-risk group. Finally, we also confirmed that this score is an independent prognostic factor for colon cancer progression. Conclusion: In summary, the model established by three PRGs was a reliable indicator for predicting prognosis, suggesting that pyroptosis might be a noteworthy therapeutic target in CC.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298142504
|
Density waves in protoplanetary discs excited by eccentric planets: linear theory
|
Spiral density waves observed in protoplanetary discs have often been used to infer the presence of embedded planets. This inference relies both on simulations as well as the linear theory of planet-disc interaction developed for planets on circular orbits to predict the morphology of the density wake. In this work we develop and implement a linear framework for calculating the structure of the density wave in a gaseous disc driven by an eccentric planet. Our approach takes into account both the essential azimuthal and temporal periodicities of the problem, allowing us to treat any periodic perturbing potential (i.e. not only that of an eccentric planet). We test our framework by calculating the morphology of the density waves excited by an eccentric, low-mass planet embedded in a globally isothermal disc and compare our results to the recent direct numerical simulations (and heuristic wavelet analysis) of the same problem by Zhu and Zhang. We find excellent agreement with the numerical simulations, capturing all the complex eccentric features including spiral bifurcations, wave crossings and planet-wave detachments, with improved accuracy and detail compared with the wavelet method. This illustrates the power of our linear framework in reproducing the morphology of complicated time-dependent density wakes, presenting it as a valuable tool for future studies of eccentric planet-disc interactions.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298144932
|
The effect of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) organic fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Manado strain yellow maize (Zea mays L.)
|
Introduction: The invasion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), a freshwater weed, has been an unsolved problem in many lakes around the world, including in Tondano lake, Indonesia. Since the 2000s, many efforts to eliminate it have turned unsuccessful and uneconomical. Here, we aim to provide a solution and perform a systematic study to utilize water hyacinth as an organic fertilizer for application to local crops, the Manado strain yellow maize. Methods: Water hyacinth was manually harvested and fermented using an effective microbial fermentation for one month. The resulting compost was analyzed chemically and applied to bedding groups of maize at increasing doses: 0, 100, 150, 200, and 250 grams per plant. All beddings were made in triplicate, consisting of 8-10 plants per repeat. At 2 and 12 weeks post plantation, a series of measurements of plant height, leaf length, and leaf width was performed. Data were analyzed using one- or two-way ANOVA. Results: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer had readily shown beneficial effects on vegetative growth at 2 weeks of age in terms of plant height, leaves length and leaves width at the dose of 200 and 250 grams of fertilizer per plant. This effect persisted up to 12 weeks of age in terms of plant height, but not in leaves length or width. Conclusion: The application of water hyacinth organic fertilizer is able to increase the vegetative growth of the local Manado strain of yellow maize at the dose of 200 grams per plant.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298145277
|
Early Warning and Joint Regulation of Water Quantity and Quality in the Daqing River Basin
|
In the recent decades, the issue of water-resource security of the Daqing River Basin, which is one of the five major rivers in the Haihe River Basin, has become increasingly serious affected by climate change and human activities. In this paper, a dynamic simulation and early warning model of water quantity and quality in this basin based on the SWAT model was constructed to promote the implementation of water environment quality and safety bottom line in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The results of the study are as follows: (1) When encountering a once-in-a-century rainstorm, the flood pressure of Zijingguan in the flood season is the highest, with the highest water level reaching 521.23 m, and the overall maximum runoff follows the order of Zijingguan > Fuping > Zhangfang. (2) When the NH3-N emissions are reduced by 37.64~85.10% in each month (based on the level in 2017), the water quality at the outlet of the basin can reach the standard, and the upper limit of NH3-N emissions is 504.5 t/m. (3) The regulation and control scheme seeking to “ensure the base flow with standard water quality” and “optimize NH3-N annual emission” is proposed in this paper. The NH3-N concentration at the outlet of all watersheds can reach the standard when the basic runoff of each sub-basin reaches 0.01 to 10.32 m3/s. In addition, concentrating the emission in July, August, and September and reducing the emission intensity of NH3-N in proportion can significantly reduce the monthly average NH3-N concentration (<1.99 mg/L) at the outlet section of the basin.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298145296
|
Vegetation Dynamics and Climate from A Perspective of Lag-Effect: A Study Case in Loess Plateau, China
|
With global warming, the law of climate change is more and more complex, so it is of great significance to analyze the response mechanism of vegetation change to climate change. The Loess Plateau (LP) is a vulnerable area, but we must explore the mechanism between climate and vegetation for decision-makers to make adequate plans to better govern this population-intensive but ecological-fragile area. Our study analyzed the vegetation variation in a long-term period from 1982 to 2015 and its relationship with precipitation and temperature. We innovatively leverage the weighted time-lag method to detect the different contributions of a specific climatic factor from different months to vegetation growth. Moreover, we used such weighted accumulated climatic factors to find the relationships between precipitation/temperature and different types of vegetation. The main findings are as follows: (i) For different degrees of temperature and precipitation, different vegetation has different performance characteristics in different months from 1982 to 2015. Moreover, precipitation is the major driver of vegetation growth in the LP. (ii) The response of vegetation possesses some time-lag effect on climate and exhibits spatial heterogeneity in the LP, which may be related to the characteristics of different climate zones and different vegetation. (iii) The effect of the same climatic factor on different vegetation accounts for a certain proportion of different months in the LP. Climate possesses a cumulative effect in three months on vegetation and different climatic factors have different time lags to the same vegetation type. It has a complicated interaction between vegetation growth and climate change. This paper uses the weighted time-lag method to investigate the relationship between vegetation growth and climatic factors, whilst considering how the time-lag effect can explain the changes that occur in the process of vegetation growth to a large extent.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298145332
|
Design of a Human–Computer Interaction Method for Intelligent Electric Vehicles
|
In order to improve the satisfaction of users during the human–machine interaction with intelligent electric vehicles, this paper presents the human–machine interaction method of intelligent electric vehicles. Firstly, the principle of human–computer interaction of intelligent electric vehicles is analyzed, the application of interaction in big data visualization is expounded, and the cognitive mechanism of big data visualization interaction is designed. According to the above mechanism, the design the of information interface and the HUD interface is completed, and the interaction model is established. So far, the design of a human–computer interaction method of intelligent electric vehicles is completed. The experimental results show that the human–computer interaction response time of the design method is was only 5 ms, and the human-computer interaction satisfaction of the intelligent electric vehicle can reach 99%, which has certain application value.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298145769
|
Artificial Intelligence-Based Detection of Human Embryo Components for Assisted Reproduction by In Vitro Fertilization
|
Assisted reproductive technology is helping humans by addressing infertility using different medical procedures that help in a successful pregnancy. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of those assisted reproduction methods in which the sperm and eggs are combined outside the human body in a specialized environment and kept for growth. Assisted reproductive technology is helping humans by addressing infertility using different medical procedures that help in a successful pregnancy. The morphology of the embryological components is highly related to the success of the assisted reproduction procedure. In approximately 3-5 days, the embryo transforms into the blastocyst. To prevent the multiple-birth risk and to increase the chance of pregnancy the embryologist manually analyzes the blastocyst components and selects valuable embryos to transfer to the women's uterus. The manual microscopic analysis of blastocyst components, such as trophectoderm, zona pellucida, blastocoel, and inner cell mass, is time-consuming and requires keen expertise to select a viable embryo. Artificial intelligence is easing medical procedures by the successful implementation of deep learning algorithms that mimic the medical doctor's knowledge to provide a better diagnostic procedure that helps in reducing the diagnostic burden. The deep learning-based automatic detection of these blastocyst components can help to analyze the morphological properties to select viable embryos. This research presents a deep learning-based embryo component segmentation network (ECS-Net) that accurately detects trophectoderm, zona pellucida, blastocoel, and inner cell mass for embryological analysis. The proposed method (ECS-Net) is based on a shallow deep segmentation network that uses two separate streams produced by a base convolutional block and a depth-wise separable convolutional block. Both streams are densely concatenated in combination with two dense skip paths to produce powerful features before and after upsampling. The proposed ECS-Net is evaluated on a publicly available microscopic blastocyst image dataset, the experimental segmentation results confirm the efficacy of the proposed method. The proposed ECS-Net is providing a mean Jaccard Index (Mean JI) of 85.93% for embryological analysis.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298145817
|
Interferometric Orbit Determination System for Geosynchronous SAR Missions: Experimental Proof of Concept
|
Future Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GEOSAR) missions will provide permanent monitoring of continental areas of the planet with revisit times of less than 24 h. Several GEOSAR missions have been studied in the USA, Europe, and China with different applications, including water cycle monitoring and early warning of disasters. GEOSAR missions require unprecedented orbit determination precision in order to form focused Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO). A precise orbit determination technique based on interferometry is proposed, including a proof of concept based on an experimental interferometer using three antennas separated 10–15 m. They provide continuous orbit observations of present communication satellites operating at GEO as illuminators of opportunity. The relative phases measured between the receivers are used to estimate the satellite position. The experimental results prove the interferometer is able to track GEOSAR satellites based on the transmitted signals. This communication demonstrates the consistency and feasibility of the technique in order to foster further research with longer interferometric baselines that provide observables delivering higher orbital precision.
|
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2
] |
https://openalex.org/W4298145828
|
Study on the Impact of Supply Chain Dynamic Capabilities on Long-Term Performance of Enterprises
|
The risk of frequent disasters is becoming a huge challenge for enterprises and their supply chains. In particular, sudden global public health events have brought a great test to the supply chain. How to make sustainable planning and preparedness and smoothly carry out supply chain operations and obtain sustainable firm performance in the complex market environment requires urgent attention from industries and academia. The different effects of supply chain operational capability and dynamic capability on the long-term performance and short-term performance of enterprises are still unclear; therefore, a model was established to discuss this. Based on the theory of dynamic capability, a relational model between supply chain dynamic capability, supply chain operational capability, and firm performance was constructed, a hypothesis testing method and Amos software were used to verify the set model, and the mechanisms of supply chain dynamic capability and supply chain operational capability on firm performance were discussed. The empirical results show that supply chain operational capability has a mediating effect on supply chain dynamic capability and firm performance, and supply chain dynamic capability has a moderating impact on supply chain operational capability and firm performance. The supply chain and its enterprises should cultivate and continuously improve the supply chain dynamic capability as soon as possible, so that in the face of emergencies, the supply chain operation capability can be reasonably configured to avoid damage, improve firm performance, and gain competitive advantages.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298145852
|
Phylogenomic, morphological, and niche differentiation analyses unveil species delimitation and evolutionary history of endangered maples in<i>Acer</i>series<i>Campestria</i>(Sapindaceae)
|
Abstract Accurate species delimitation is crucial for biodiversity conservation. The Acer series Campestria comprises four species, A. campestre L., A. miyabei Maxim., A. miaotaiense P. C. Tsoong, and A. yangjuechi Fang & P. L. Chiu. To clarify controversies over the taxonomic status of the latter three endangered species, we undertook phylogenomic, morphological, and niche differentiation analyses in series Campestria . Our coalescent species tree of 544 and 77 single‐copy nuclear genes supported series Campestria as monophyletic, with A. yangjuechi having the closest relationship with A. miaotaiense . However, in the plastome‐derived tree based on 64 protein coding sequences, the four species did not cluster together, and each of them grouped with some other sympatric Acer species. Given this nuclear‐cytoplasmic conflict, we hypothesize that A. yangjuechi have been subject to nuclear gene introgression and plastid (pt) capture involving another sympatric maple, that is, A. amplum Rehder. Principal component analysis and machine learning based on morphological data could not separate A. yangjuechi and A. miaotaiense , but they both could be clearly distinguished from A. miyabei . Moreover, the niche overlap tests of the two more widespread species, A. miyabei and A. miaotaiense , showed they clearly occupy distinct niches. Overall, we conclude that A. miyabei and A. miaotaiense are distinct species, while A. yangjuechi (endemic to Mt. Tianmu/East China) should be treated as a subspecies of A. miaotaiense . Our study points out that multiple lines of phylogenomic, morphological, and ecological evidence prove highly useful in species delimitation. Additionally, our results should help to inform conservation measures for endangered species of the genus Acer /series Campestria in East Asia.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298145985
|
Failure Analysis of Hydraulic Expanding Assembled Camshafts Using BP Neural Network and Failure Tree Theory
|
Due to the complex and changeable working environment of assembled camshafts using tube hydroforming (THF) technology, the manifestations of failure, the causes of failure and the preventive measures for these failures are a major concern. Therefore, in view of this new connection technology for assembled camshafts, it is important to put forward a prediction and evaluation method of failure for hydraulic expanding assembled camshafts. In this study, an isometric-trilateral profile cam was used to complete the hydroforming connection with the hollow shaft (tube) under different hydraulic pressures. Orthogonal torsion experiment and laser measurement experiment were performed. Finite element analysis was carried out using ABAQUS 6.14 software, and relevant research data were obtained. A more accurate BP neural network model was constructed to predict the main failure factors of assembled camshafts. The failure manifestations of assembled camshafts are displayed by the experiment from the microscopic perspective. The causes of failure are analyzed by using the minimum cut set in the failure Tree (FT) theory. The effect of basic causes on the subsystems is analyzed, and the weight distribution of the main events in the FT is given. Finally, the specific measures to prevent failure are proposed from a macro perspective. The research is of great significance to study the failures of assembled camshafts in service to further the production, manufacturing, failure prevention, faults monitoring and performance improvement of assembled camshafts in the engine industry.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298146067
|
Associated Effect of SLC40A1 and TMPRSS6 Polymorphisms on Iron Overload
|
Mutations in the ferroportin (FPN) gene SLC40A1 alter iron recycling and cause disturbances in iron homeostasis. The variants of TMPRSS6 contribute to the development of iron deficiencies. In this study, we determined the role of FPN and TMPRSS6 gene polymorphisms in the modulation of iron homeostasis based on biochemical parameters. PCR analysis and sequencing were performed to determine the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) SLC40A1 c.44–24G>C (rs1439816), SLC40A1 c.663T>C (rs2304704), and TMPRSS6 c.2207T>C (rs855791). Hemoglobin concentration and iron status were determined by standard procedures. We studied 79 iron-loaded individuals for SLC40A1 polymorphisms. Interestingly, 35/79 individuals with SLC40A1 SNPs also carried a TMPRSS6 c.2207T>C polymorphism. The biochemical values of the iron overloaded individuals were compared to those of the individuals carrying TMPRSS6 SNPs and the healthy individuals (wild-type group). The ferritin concentration, transferrin saturation % (TS%), and hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in the participants with FPN SNPs than in the other three groups. The ferritin concentration and TS% were higher in participants with both SLC40A1 and TMPRSS6 SNPs than in the TMPRSS6 and wild-type groups, while hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher than that in the TMPRSS6 SNP group only. The participants with TMPRSS6 SNPs had significantly lower ferritin concentration, TS%, and hemoglobin concentration than all the other groups. SLC40A1 and TMPRSS6 SNPs might act in the opposite direction, preventing the development of severe iron overload, and the modulation of the iron status by TMPRSS6 SNPs might provide protection.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298146162
|
Episodic Memory and Recollection Network Disruptions Following Chemotherapy Treatment in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Review of Neuroimaging Findings
|
Long-term memory disturbances are amongst the most common and disruptive cognitive symptoms experienced by breast cancer survivors following chemotherapy. To date, most clinical assessments of long-term memory dysfunction in breast cancer survivors have utilized basic verbal and visual memory tasks that do not capture the complexities of everyday event memories. Complex event memories, including episodic memory and autobiographical memory, critically rely on hippocampal processing for encoding and retrieval. Systemic chemotherapy treatments used in breast cancer commonly cause neurotoxicity within the hippocampus, thereby creating a vulnerability to memory impairment. We review structural and functional neuroimaging studies that have identified disruptions in the recollection network and related episodic memory impairments in chemotherapy-treated breast cancer survivors, and argue for the need to better characterize hippocampally mediated memory dysfunction following chemotherapy treatments. Given the importance of autobiographical memory for a person’s sense of identity, ability to plan for the future, and general functioning, under-appreciation of how this type of memory is impacted by cancer treatment can lead to overlooking or minimizing the negative experiences of breast cancer survivors, and neglecting a cognitive domain that may benefit from intervention strategies.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298146174
|
Increasing Spatial Mismatch of Cropland-Grain Production-Population in China over the Past Two Decades
|
Identifying the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics of cropland-grain production-population is essential for the rational utilization of cropland and the evaluation of national and regional food security. Based on the grain production statistical data, GlobeLand30, and WorldPop data in the years 2000, 2010, and 2020, the spatiotemporal changes in China’s cropland area, grain production, and population and their coupling characteristics over the past two decades were detected at the grid level using the models of barycenter fitting and coupled dynamic analysis. The results showed that spatial change of cropland area in China was roughly characterized by the increase in the northwest and the decrease in the southeast; while grain production was characterized by an increase in the north and a decrease in the south, and population was roughly characterized by an increase in urban areas of the southeast coastal regions and a decrease in traditional agricultural areas. The barycenter of cropland area and that of grain production moved toward the northwest and the northeast, respectively, which mismatch the spatial pattern of hydro-thermal conditions of cropland resources in China and thus result in the increased risk of the national grain production system. Meanwhile, the barycenter of grain production and that of population continued to move in opposite directions overall, and the distances between their barycenters increased from 119.65 km in 2000 to 455.16 km in 2020, indicating that the phenomenon of ‘north-to-south grain diversion’ is intensifying. Our results highlight that the spatial mismatch of cropland-grain production-population in China has increased over the past two decades.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298146193
|
Deprived Muslims and Salafism: An Ethnographic Study of the Salafi Movement in Pekanbaru, Indonesia
|
This article analyses the process of reversion to Salafism in Pekanbaru, Indonesia in the context of Muslims who have returned to Islam as a solution to their sense of deprivation. This return to Islam is considered by many as an initial solution to a feeling of deprivation which often manifests itself as a form of spiritual ‘emptiness’, accompanied by anxiety, depression and a lack of direction in life. The analysis in this article is based on extensive reading of relevant literature, participatory observation, and interviews conducted during fieldwork in Pekanbaru from July 2015 to June 2016. The discussion is based on three case studies of Salafi members, detailing their reversion to Salafism and the personal and sociological reasons for their choice to return to Islam, i.e., Salafism, after a certain period of time in their lives. Findings show that those who join the Salafi movement have previously experienced relative deprivation which led to a sense of existential deprivation.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298146196
|
A New Bolt Defect Identification Method Incorporating Attention Mechanism and Wide Residual Networks
|
Bolts are important components on transmission lines, and the timely detection and exclusion of their abnormal conditions are imperative to ensure the stable operation of transmission lines. To accurately identify bolt defects, we propose a bolt defect identification method incorporating an attention mechanism and wide residual networks. Firstly, the spatial dimension of the feature map is compressed by the spatial compression network to obtain the global features of the channel dimension and enhance the attention of the network to the vital information in a weighted way. After that, the enhanced feature map is decomposed into two one-dimensional feature vectors by embedding a cooperative attention mechanism to establish long-term dependencies in one spatial direction and preserve precise location information in the other direction. During this process, the prior knowledge of the bolts is utilized to help the network extract critical feature information more accurately, thus improving the accuracy of recognition. The test results show that the bolt recognition accuracy of this method is improved to 94.57% compared with that before embedding the attention mechanism, which verifies the validity of the proposed method.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298146235
|
Embodied Carbon Emissions in Export of Yangtze River Delta: Calculation and Decomposition of Driving Factors
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The total export of the Yangtze River Delta exceeds 1/3 of China. This region is the backbone of China’s emission reduction and green transformation exports. This paper adopts input–output analysis to calculate direct carbon emission coefficients and embodied carbon in exports. Using the LMDI method, the total embodied carbon emissions and driving factors are quantitatively analyzed by region in terms of scale effect, structural effect and technology effect. Based on the results of the study, the government should actively promote the achievement of carbon neutrality goals by setting carbon emission standards or introducing regulatory policies and incentive mechanisms. Meanwhile, the export structure needs to be continuously optimized. It is necessary to accelerate technological innovation while actively promoting and encouraging the adoption of new energy sources in order to take a low-carbon, clean and sustainable green development path.
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https://openalex.org/W4298146755
|
The effects of maternal-child nursing clinical practicum using virtual reality on nursing students’ competencies: a systematic review
|
This study aimed to investigate the effects of virtual reality used in maternal-child nursing clinical practicums on nursing students' competencies through a systematic review. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed papers in English or Korean presenting analytic studies of maternal-child nursing practicums using virtual reality. An electronic literature search of the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC, PubMed, and Research Information Sharing System databases was performed using combinations of the keywords "nursing student," "virtual reality," "augmented reality," "mixed reality," and "virtual simulation" from February 4 to 15, 2022. Quality appraisal was performed using the RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, respectively. Of the seven articles identified, the RCT study (n=1) was deemed to have a high risk of bias, with some items indeterminable due to a lack of reported details. Most of the non-RCT studies (n=6) had a moderate or serious risk of bias related to selection and measurement issues. Clinical education using virtual reality had positive effects on knowledge, skills, satisfaction, self-efficacy, and needs improvement; however, it did not affect critical thinking or self-directed learning. This study demonstrated that using virtual reality for maternal-child nursing clinical practicums had educational effects on a variety of students' competencies. Considering the challenges of providing direct care in clinical practicums, virtual reality can be a viable tool that supplements maternal-child nursing experience. Greater rigor and fuller reporting of study details are required for future research.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298149210
|
Use of a Mylar filter to eliminate vacuum ultraviolet pulse pileup in low-energy x-ray measurements
|
We describe a method to reduce vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) pulse pileup (PPU) in x-ray pulse-height Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) signals. An Amptek FAST SDD, with C1 (Si3N4) window, measures bremsstrahlung emitted from PFRC-2 plasma to extract the electron temperature (Te) and density (ne). The C1 window has low transmissivity for photons with energy below 200 eV though will transmit some VUV and soft x-ray photons, which PFRC-2 plasmas abundantly emit. Multi-VUV-photon PPU contaminates the interpretation of x rays with energy > 100 eV, particularly in a low-energy exponential tail. The predicted low transmissivity of ∼1 μm thick Mylar [polyethylene terephthalate (PET)] to photons of energy <100 eV led to the selection of Mylar as the candidate filter to reduce VUV PPU. Experiments were conducted on an x-ray tube with a graphite target and on a quasi-Maxwellian tenuous plasma (ne ∼ 109 cm-3) with effective temperatures reaching 1500 eV. A Mylar filter thickness of 850 nm is consistent with the results. The Mylar-filter-equipped SDD was then used on the PFRC-2 plasma, showing a substantial reduction in the low-energy x-ray signal, supporting our hypothesis of the importance of VUV PPU. We describe the modeling and experiments performed to characterize the effect of the Mylar filter on SDD measurements.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298149545
|
Perceived risk of neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring related to psychotropic and mental illness exposures in pregnancy and breastfeeding: a cross-sectional survey of women with past or current mental illness
|
To investigate the perceived risk of psychotropic and mental illness exposures (1) during pregnancy or (2) while breastfeeding on offspring neurodevelopment, and factors associated with this perception in women with past/current mental illness. Cross-sectional, web-based study. Nationwide in Norway, June 2020-June 2021. Women aged 18-55 years who were pregnant, recent mothers or planning a pregnancy, and had been offered antidepressants in the last 5 years. Perceived risk of prenatal and breastmilk exposure to psychotropic medications and maternal mental illness on offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. We included 448 women: 234 pregnant, 146 mothers and 68 planning a pregnancy. On a 0-10 scale, women perceived antidepressants as least harmful both (1) in pregnancy (mean score 4.2, 95% CI 3.6 to 4.8) and (2) while breastfeeding (mean score 3.8, 95% CI 3.3 to 4.4), relative to antipsychotics, anxiety/sleeping medication or antiepileptics (mean score range: 6.3-6.5 during pregnancy, 5.5-6.2 while breastfeeding). Many participants were unfamiliar with psychotropics other than antidepressants. The perceived risk of mental illness exposure exceeded that of antidepressants (mean score range 5.6-5.9) in both exposure periods. Using general linear models, factors associated with greater antidepressant risk perception in both exposure periods included having lower education, non-Norwegian native language, and employment status (range mean score difference (β): 2.07-6.07). For pregnant women and mothers, there was an inverse association between perceived risk and the perceived antidepressant effectiveness in both exposure periods (range of β: -0.18 to -0.25). In women with past/current mental illness, the perceived risk of antidepressant exposure on child neurodevelopment was lower than that for maternal mental illness. Other psychotropic medications were perceived as more harmful. As medication risk perception influences the decision-making regarding treatment of mental illness, pre- and pregnancy counselling should target women with characteristics associated with higher perceived risk.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298153567
|
Belonging a Key Concept to Explain Success in Higher Education in the Netherlands
|
This article proposes a model for predicting student success and well-being (dependent variables) at Windesheim University of Applied Sciences, Social Work, Almere, the Netherlands. This model is based on a international literature review. This model consists of two predictive components (independent variables), namely secure attachment and a positive sense of belonging (to the University of Applied Sciences and its learning communities). Attachment will be measured through a Belgian standardized questionnaire. Belonging, on the other hand, through standardized OECD questions. COVID-19 is a covariate (a control variable that might affect the outcome). COVID-19 is measured through a Dutch Municipal or Community Health Service (GGD) questionnaire. Due to the lockdowns in the Netherlands, face-to-face education at Universities of Applied sciences and Dutch Universities was no longer provided. Education was online. Online, teachers cannot convey to their students that they belong and that students are cared for by them. This model distinguishes between Western and non-Western conceptions of belonging. This is done because most students are from non-Western countries and teachers are mostly from the Netherlands. Apart from the above, this model also assumes that students' sense of belonging is influenced by the directors and CEO’s of this University of Applied sciences. Teachers can give students a sense of belonging when their executives and boards of directors (CEOs) also care about them.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298161946
|
Non Asymptotic Sharp Oracle Inequalities for the Improved Model Selection Procedures for the Adaptive Nonparametric Signal Estimation Problem
|
In this paper, we consider the robust adaptive non parametric estimation problem for the periodic function observed with the Levy noises in continuous time. An adaptive model selection procedure, based on the improved weighted least square estimates, is proposed. Sharp oracle inequalities for the robust risks have been obtained.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298162467
|
Patients’ Alcohol Drinking Habits in General Practice: Prevention and Education
|
A survey of alcohol drinking habits using a questionnaire was conducted in a practice with 2 GPs and 4500 patients. Six hundred and thirty-two questionnaires were completed by all patients aged 15 and over attending the surgery during a three month period. Forty-five patients drinking in excess of 20 units of alcohol per week were identified, 22 of whom submitted to formal interview, examination, haematology, serum biochemistry and an education plan. When 20 of these were followed up after 3 months, 9 claimed to have significantly reduced their alcohol consumption and 10 remembered half or more of the ‘education plan’. As a result of the survey, drinking habits were recorded in the notes of 15% of the practice list and many associated medical problems were recognized for the first time.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298169472
|
Influence of injected pluripotential (EK) cells on haploid and diploid parthenogenetic development
|
ABSTRACT A number of pluripotential embryo-derived EK cells were introduced into the blastocoele of haploid and diploid parthenogenetic embryos which were subsequently transferred to suitable recipients. At autopsy on day 10 or 11 of pseudopregnancy 22 % of decidua in the diploid series contained somite-stage embryos while an additional 12 % contained abnormal egg cylinder-like sacs. In the haploid series, 7 % of the decidua contained somite-stage embryos and an additional 5 % contained abnormal ‘sacs’. In ‘injected’ diploid and haploid ‘controls’ in which the zonae were pierced with an empty injection pipette 3 % and 0 % respectively of decidua in these two series contained somite-stage embryos, while an additional 17 % and 3 % respectively of decidua in these two series contained abnormal sacs. GPI analysis revealed that the EK cells were incorporated into somite-stage conceptuses in only one third of the diploids and in none of the haploid embryos. Although the presence of EK cells considerably increases the chance of normal embryonic development taking place, a detectable contribution from the EK cells into the resulting somite-stage embryo is apparently not necessary. Possible mechanisms allowing successful early post-implantation development to occur in this study are discussed.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298191221
|
Characterizing variants of qualitative Sugeno integrals in a totally ordered Heyting algebra
|
Sugeno integral is one of the basic aggregation operations on a qualitative scale where only minimum and maximum, as well as order-reversing maps are allowed.Recently some variants of this aggregation operation, named soft and drastic integrals, have been introduced in a previous work by three of the authors.In these operations, importance weights play the role of tolerance thresholds enabling full satisfaction if ratings pass them.These new aggregation operations use residuated implications, hence need a slightly richer structure, and are part of larger family of qualitative aggregations.Based on some properties laid bare in a previous work, this paper proposes characterisation theorems for four variants of Sugeno integrals.These results pave the way to decision-theoretic axiomatizations of these natural qualitative aggregations.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298193193
|
Determination of citrate in urine by simple direct photometry
|
Journal Article Determination of citrate in urine by simple direct photometry Get access B D Lewis B D Lewis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Clinical Chemistry, Volume 36, Issue 3, 1 March 1990, Page 578, https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.3.578a Published: 01 March 1990
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298207085
|
Separating Bacteria by Capsule Amount Using a Discontinuous Density Gradient
|
Capsule is a key virulence factor in many bacterial species, mediating immune evasion and resistance to various physical stresses. While many methods are available to quantify and compare capsule production between different strains or mutants, there is no widely used method for sorting bacteria based on how much capsule they produce. We have developed a method to separate bacteria by capsule amount, using a discontinuous density gradient. This method is used to compare capsule amounts semi-quantitatively between cultures, to isolate mutants with altered capsule production, and to purify capsulated bacteria from complex samples. This method can also be coupled with transposon-insertion sequencing to identify genes involved in capsule regulation. Here, the method is demonstrated in detail, including how to optimize the gradient conditions for a new bacterial species or strain, and how to construct and run the density gradient.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298212073
|
Aphasia in Polyglots: Report of Two Cases and Analysis of the Literature
|
Abstract Two cases of aphasia in polyglot patients who experienced different symptoms in each of the languages they knew are reported. The authors discuss the problem and analyze the available literature in an attempt to formulate a pathogenetic hypothesis of the different involvement of the known idioms sometimes observed in aphasic polyglots. In particular, when time has elapsed between the learning of the mother tongue and other languages, and all the known languages are. consequently, functionally independent, it is possible that the two or more known idioms have distinct anatomical representations, probably localized separately in the two hemispheres. This could explain why. in some polyglots, aphasia affects one of the known languages preferentially. In subjects in whom the different known idioms were learned during early childhood, the anatomical representation of the languages is similar, which explains why, in this kind of polyglot, all the known languages can be equally affected by cerebral damage that causes aphasia.
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https://openalex.org/W4298212184
|
Dynamical adjustment of propagators in Renormalization Group flows
|
Abstract A class of continuous renormalization group flows with a dynamical adjustment of the propagator is introduced and studied theoretically for fermionic and bosonic quantum field theories. The adjustment allows to include self–energy effects nontrivially in the denominator of the propagator and to adapt the scale decomposition to a moving singularity, and hence to define flows of Fermi surfaces in a natural way. These flows require no counterterms, but the counterterms used in earlier treatments can be constructed using them. The influence of propagator adjustment on the strong–coupling behaviour of flows is examined for a simple example, and some conclusions about the strong coupling behaviour of renormalization group flows are drawn.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298218621
|
LVRL: Reducing the Gap between Immersive VR and Desktop Graphical Applications
|
The emergence of cheaper technologies for immersive environments has considerably increased the interest in Virtual Reality applications. However, VR frameworks currently available force user applications to be developed specifically for them. This increases the cost of converting an existing application to another virtual reality environment. This paper proposes a new framework, the LVRL (Lightweight Virtual Reality Libraries), which allows the creation or conversion of existing applications to VR without changing the application's structure. The LVRL's main objective is to provide a nonintrusive and transparent programming interface that allows the development of VR applications by non-VR developers. This paper describes LVRL's architecture, features, usage, and benefits obtained by applications using it.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298222465
|
Complications of Regional Anesthesia: Etiology—Signs and Symptoms— Treatment
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298223697
|
Prenatal diagnosis for thalassaemia in a multicultural society
|
The provision of a prenatal diagnosis service for thalassaemia is becoming more demanding. In an ethnically-diverse community, the number of mutations has increased. Requests for prenatal testing continue to come at an advanced stage in pregnancy, often without the underlying mutation having been identified. Although controls are included in PCR assays, errors can still occur. The alternative to DNA testing, i.e., an α/β globin chain synthesis ratio on a fetal blood sample, is now less readily available. In the circumstances described, the laboratory must adopt a more efficient and reliable approach to DNA mutation analysis. With currently available technology, this improvement is more likely to come through increased automation. To achieve this aim, we have moved to capillary electrophoresis. With capillary electrophoresis we are able to use a PCR-based screening strategy which can detect up to 11 β thalassaemia mutations. The actual prenatal test is undertaken using two independent PCRs thereby reducing the potential for error. Despite the advantages of PCR, ∼12 per cent of β thalassaemia and about nine per cent of α thalassaemia cases require further study in our experience. In this situation, capillary electrophoresis has again proven helpful since a DNA scanning approach, such as single strand conformation polymorphism, can be automated to identify the region of DNA to be sequenced. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298237891
|
Photothermal Monitoring of Redox State of Respiratory Chain in Single Live Cells¶
|
A method for monitoring respiratory chain (RC) activity in single live cells is described. It is based on the registration of the photothermal (PT) response after a laser pulse of a live single cell. The dependence of the PT-response amplitude and shape upon redox state of RC components was studied with a PT microscope for two in vitro models: (1) solutions of the RC component cytochrome c and (2) mice hepatocytes. The parameters of the PT responses differed for oxidized and reduced forms of cytochrome c solutions and for inhibited RC and intact RC. The latter difference may be caused by alteration of the quantum yields of thermal (nonradiative) relaxation for light-absorbing molecules, i.e. RC components, as they undergo reduction during RC inhibition.
|
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298245376
|
Increased silicon levels in dialysis patients due to high silicon content in the drinking water, inadequate water treatment procedures, and concentrate contamination: a multicentre study
|
Although silicon is considered as an essential element, little is known about the basic effects and clinical significance of increased concentrations of the element in dialysis patients. In a multicentre study we found silicon levels in haemodialysis (HD) patients to be markedly increased. In these patients silicon concentrations were significantly higher than those noted in subjects with normal renal function as well as in patients with chronic renal failure not yet in dialysis and patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Moreover we noted that in both HD and CAPD patients mean silicon levels differed from one centre to another. Also, was there in the HD population a significant difference in serum silicon levels among patients from different countries. In HD patients differences in serum silicon levels were either due to the use of silicon contaminated dialysis fluids or an increased oral intake of the element mainly originating from the high silicon content of the drinking water. Silicon contamination of the dialysis fluid was found to be due to either the use of reverse osmosis membranes that insufficiently retain the element during water treatment or by the addition of concentrates containing high amounts of silicon. Using a recently developed high-performance liquid chromatographic/atomic absorption spectrophotometric (HPLC/ETAAS) hybrid technique, we found silicon in serum to be present as a low-molecular-weight non-protein-bound component, which in the presence of a low silicon dialysate is adequately removed during treatment. The clinical relevance of increased serum silicon levels is not yet known and as such deserves further investigation. In view of the controversy that exists on the element's assumed protective as well as toxic role in the development of some (aluminium-related) neurodegenerative diseases and its vital role in bone formation, monitoring of the silicon levels in serum, tap water, and dialysis fluids might become important.
|
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2.203125,
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] |
https://openalex.org/W4298262632
|
Ozonotherapy.
|
The medical use of ozone intraarterially, subcutaneously, intramuscularly and externally and in autohaemotransfusion or as a gas introduced into body cavities, as well as drops, compresses or liquids for rinsing etc. brings about very good therapeutic results. Ozone exerts a positive effect on oxygen and nutrient supply of cells, it enhances immunological processes, inhibits inflammatory processes, has a bacterio-, fungi- and virusostatic action when there is impaired resistance to microorganisms, improves rheological properties of the blood and exhibits no side effects in patients. Consequently ozonotherapy may be regarded asan effective method of treatment.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298275472
|
Optocardiography and Electrophysiology Studies of Ex Vivo Langendorff-perfused Hearts
|
Small animal models are most commonly used in cardiovascular research due to the availability of genetically modified species and lower cost compared to larger animals. Yet, larger mammals are better suited for translational research questions related to normal cardiac physiology, pathophysiology, and preclinical testing of therapeutic agents. To overcome the technical barriers associated with employing a larger animal model in cardiac research, we describe an approach to measure physiological parameters in an isolated, Langendorff-perfused piglet heart. This approach combines two powerful experimental tools to evaluate the state of the heart: electrophysiology (EP) study and simultaneous optical mapping of transmembrane voltage and intracellular calcium using parameter sensitive dyes (RH237, Rhod2-AM). The described methodologies are well suited for translational studies investigating the cardiac conduction system, alterations in action potential morphology, calcium handling, excitation-contraction coupling and the incidence of cardiac alternans or arrhythmias.
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https://openalex.org/W4298280049
|
Studies in law, politics, and society
|
Citation (2009), "Studies in law, politics, and society", Sarat, A. (Ed.) Special Issue New Perspectives on Crime and Criminal Justice (Studies in Law, Politics, and Society, Vol. 47), Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, p. ii. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1059-4337(2009)0000047011 Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Copyright © 2009, Emerald Group Publishing Limited Book Chapters Studies in law, politics, and society Studies in law, politics, and society volume 47 Copyright page List of contributors Editorial board Zoning out disorder: assessing contemporary practices of urban social control Aspects of non-democratic policing: the rise of the NAZI policing system Protecting due process in a punitive era: an analysis of changes in providing counsel to the poor Judicial discretion and the unfinished agenda of American bail reform: lessons from Philadelphia's evidence-based judicial strategy Understanding mass incarceration as a grand social experiment Supermax prisons and the trajectory of exception
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https://openalex.org/W4298292082
|
The evolution of international tax regime and the OECD Two-Pillar solution: Analysis from a developing country perspective
|
This paper explores the evolution of international taxation and the impact of the OECD Two-Pillar solution on developing countries. The agreement on the OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) Two-Pillar solution reached in October 2021 is a major and radical change in the international taxation regime. This paper analyzes the evolution of international taxation from its initial mold, through its stages of development, and finally to the adoption of the Two-pillar solution by the OECD. It scrutinizes the influence exerted by economically advanced nations, while developing the design considerations of the present system of taxation. The research finds that the influence the developing countries exerted in the design of the present system of taxation was meager. The massive influx of digitization in the recent era has made the age-old system of taxation redundant. There have been various instances of multinational corporations resorting to various tax-avoidance measures, effectively using the loopholes of the current taxation system. Developing countries were most impacted by the tax-avoidance of large corporations, because it leads to reduced tax revenue in the hands of the government to undertake essential humanitarian and developmental activities. Developing countries also do not possess the expertise or leverage to deal with tax-avoidance of multinational firms. The findings suggest that the decision making process in the OECD is still being manipulated by the developed countries. The views from economically less-developed countries are not accommodated justifiably. The study also seeks to explore the impact of the Two-pillar solution and analyze what the future holds for developing countries with regard to the new system of taxation.
|
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https://openalex.org/W4298316092
|
Interactions and Interaction Mechanisms as Generators of Complex Systems
|
The concept of interaction is widely used in almost all disciplinary and interdisciplinary contexts. However, such a concept is often used in simplistic ways. We concentrate on scientific aspects, particularly systemic, identifying fundamental conceptual issues and interdisciplinary extensions. For example, a process of interacting is usually considered to occur iteratively in the same way, except for parametric variations, between fixed pairs or entities when one’s behavior is assumed to depend on another’s behavior. This simplistic view then has effects on the models adopted. A more appropriate concept of interaction should include aspects such as the occurrence of variable interacting pairs, variable interactions, and multiple, in this case, clustered, pairs. Furthermore, their desynchronization, the occurrence of incomplete interactions; interchanging, the exchange of roles, the acquisition of multiple roles, passive interactions such as the maintenance of covariance and correlation, and the establishment of fields of interaction and their mutual influence should be included. The interaction observed-observer is considered here not as a perturbation but in reference to the cognitive expectancies of the observer. This is assuming stable validity of the same model and between the understanding by the active observer and the phenomenon that reacts to being treated as if it were what the observer had in mind. A more appropriate and comprehensive concept of interaction is required. This is particularly true in systems science when dealing with processes of self-organization and emergence, whose models are widely based on simplistic concepts of interaction. The usage of more appropriate representations, based, for instance, on clustering and networking, of interacting in models is expected to allow the implementation of approaches suitable to activate, deactivate, and vary interactions in complex systems, e.g., collective phenomena.
|
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