Massive Text Embedding Benchmark

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Massive Text Embeddings Benchmark

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tomaarsen 
posted an update 3 days ago
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2406
I just released Sentence Transformers v4.1; featuring ONNX and OpenVINO backends for rerankers offering 2-3x speedups and improved hard negatives mining which helps prepare stronger training datasets. Details:

🏎️ ONNX, OpenVINO, Optimization, Quantization
- I've added ONNX and OpenVINO support with just one extra argument: "backend" when loading the CrossEncoder reranker, e.g.: CrossEncoder("cross-encoder/ms-marco-MiniLM-L6-v2", backend="onnx")
- The export_optimized_onnx_model, export_dynamic_quantized_onnx_model, and export_static_quantized_openvino_model functions now work with CrossEncoder rerankers, allowing you to optimize (e.g. fusions, gelu approximations, etc.) or quantize (int8 weights) rerankers.
- I've uploaded ~340 ONNX & OpenVINO models for all existing models under the cross-encoder Hugging Face organization. You can use these without having to export when loading.

⛏ Improved Hard Negatives Mining
- Added 'absolute_margin' and 'relative_margin' arguments to mine_hard_negatives.
- absolute_margin ensures that sim(query, negative) < sim(query, positive) - absolute_margin, i.e. an absolute margin between the negative & positive similarities.
- relative_margin ensures that sim(query, negative) < sim(query, positive) * (1 - relative_margin), i.e. a relative margin between the negative & positive similarities.
- Inspired by the excellent NV-Retriever paper from NVIDIA.

And several other small improvements. Check out the full release notes here: https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers/releases/tag/v4.1.0

With this release, I introduce near-feature parity between the SentenceTransformer embedding & CrossEncoder reranker models, which I've wanted to do for quite some time! With rerankers very strongly supported now, it's time to look forward to other useful architectures!

mmhamdy 
posted an update 19 days ago
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1569
What inspired the Transformer architecture in the "Attention Is All You Need" paper? And how were various ideas combined to create this groundbreaking model?

In this lengthy article, I explore the story and the origins of some of the ideas introduced in the paper. We'll explore everything from the fundamental attention mechanism that lies at its heart to the surprisingly simple explanation for its name, Transformer.

💡 Examples of ideas explored in the article:

✅ What was the inspiration for the attention mechanism?
✅ How did we go from attention to self-attention?
✅ Did the team have any other names in mind for the model?

and more...

I aim to tell the story of Transformers as I would have wanted to read it, and hopefully, one that appeals to others interested in the details of this fascinating idea. This narrative draws from video interviews, lectures, articles, tweets/Xs, and some digging into the literature. I have done my best to be accurate, but errors are possible. If you find inaccuracies or have any additions, please do reach out, and I will gladly make the necessary updates.

Read the article: https://huggingface.co/blog/mmhamdy/pandemonium-the-transformers-story