id
stringlengths 2
9
| source
stringclasses 1
value | version
stringclasses 1
value | added
stringlengths 24
24
| created
stringlengths 24
24
| text
stringlengths 239
10.1k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
244127900 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2021-11-14T18:04:59.356Z | 2006-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | The Existence o f Monoclinic Pyroxenes with the Space Group C 2 hP 21
All the X-ray studies of monoclinic pyroxenes, hitherto carried out, show, without exception, that they belong to the same space group C2;z-C2/ c. T. Ito (1950)1' gave, however, an interesting suggestion about the space group of monoclinic pyroxenes. In his study of bronzite and hypersthene, he showed that the structure of the rhombic pyroxenes is to be regarded as a repeated twinning on (100) of a monoclinic pyroxene whose space group is not C, (as in diopside) but is C;~-P21Jc, owing to a slight change in Mg(Fe) positions. On the basis of this finding, he suspected the existence of a kind of monoclinic pyroxenes with the space group C, instead of Cs,. L. Atlas (1952)2' and H. Kuno and H. H. Hess (1953)3' observed some powder lines, in their studies of clinoenstatite and pigeonite, which could not be explained simply in terms of the space group C;,. They attributed these lines as due to impurities. However, this might be indicating not only that these minerals are not of the space group C h, but also that monoclinic pyroxenes with the space group C2~, as suggested by Ito, exist in nature. In order to clarify this point, X-ray examinations were made of single crystals of pigeonite occurring as phenocrysts of augite-pigeonitehypersthene andesite of Hakone Volcano described by Kuno (1936).4' The crystals, round in outline, are about 1 mm in length. In these crystals, pigeonite is always so intimately intergrown with a small amount of augite that it is very difficult to separate them from each other. The compositions of pigeonite and augite are Wo16En45Fs39 and Wo32En37Es31 respectively, as determined by Kuno from their optical properties, using the diagram by Hess (1949).5' The Weissenberg photographs were taken about the a-, b-, and c-axes, and the [1011-, [1011-, and [0111-directions of pigeonite, up to the |
169213850 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-30T23:44:01.542Z | 2019-06-10T00:00:00.000Z | The impact of product presentation on decision-making and purchasing
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how apparel product presentation influences consumer decision-making and whether there are any differences between age groups.
Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methodology was used including eye-tracking and qualitative in-depth interviews, with a purposive sample of 50 participants between age 20 and 70.
Findings
A higher number of product presentation features resulted in increased positive visual, cognitive and affective responses as consumers wanted as much visual information as possible to aid decision-making. Images of models attracted the most attention and were the most influential product presentation feature, followed by mannequin images and the zoom function. The 20 s spent much less time viewing and interacting with the product presentation features than middle age groups (30 s-50 s), had minimal fixations on mannequin images and had a much quicker decision-making process than other age groups.
Practical implications
The research informs retailers which product presentation features are the most effective for their target market to aid consumer decision-making with the aim of reducing returns.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to the literature by providing more in-depth insights than previous studies into the impact of online product presentation on consumer decision-making by using qualitative research and eye-tracking. The research also explores more product presentation features than previous research and investigates the presentation of apparel products, which are notoriously the most difficult products for consumers to assess online. The research is unique in its exploration of age differences in relation to product presentation features.
|
87961600 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-03-31T13:42:45.326Z | 2015-05-01T00:00:00.000Z | Abstract 655: Increased Nadph-Oxidase Activity Is Associated With Reduced Telomere Length in the Human Vascular Wall: The Influence of Oxidative Stress on Biological Aging
Background:
Accelerated telomere shortening is a hallmark of cellular senescence and has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Oxidative stress has been proposed as a cause of telomere damage. We explored the association between vascular redox state and telomere length in patients with advanced atherosclerosis.
Methods:
We recruited xx patients undergoing bypass surgery. Saphenous vein (SV) samples were used to measure superoxide (O2-) generation using lucigenin chemiluminescence (+NADPH 100 uM to estimate NADPH-oxidase activity). DNA was extracted from whole-blood and SV samples and used to measure relative telomere length (TL) using qPCR (which determines T/S ratio using albumin as a single-copy gene). DNA was also used to genotype for two functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs rs4673 and rs1049255) in the CYBA locus, which encodes for the p22phox membrane subunit of NADPH-oxidase and is associated with activity of the enzyme.
Results:
Shorter vascular TL was associated with increased NADPH-stimulated O2- generation in SV tissue (A). The additive effect of the rs4673C and rs1049255G alleles was linked to increased vascular NADPH-oxidase activity (B). In addition, the same combination of SNP alleles was linked to reduced T/S ratio in whole blood DNA (C), suggesting a causal association between high oxidative stress and accelerated telomere shortening.
Conclusions:
We demonstrate for the first time in humans that genetically determined high NADPH-oxidase activity could be causally linked to reduced TL in vascular and blood cells. These novel findings highlight the importance of oxidative stress on cellular senescence and provide an important link between aging and cardiovascular disease.
|
25934700 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T04:10:51.138Z | 2017-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Colic in a working horse population in Egypt: Prevalence and risk factors
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY
Colic is an important health problem in managed horse populations. Currently, there is limited information about colic prevalence and risk factors for colic in working horse populations.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, colic in a working horse population in Egypt and to describe management practices in this working horse population.
STUDY DESIGN
Cross-sectional survey.
METHODS
Owners of 350 working horses were interviewed. Data about their horses, management and colic episodes in the preceding 12 months were collected. Dental examination was conducted on 342 horses and blood samples (n = 100) were collected for immunodiagnosis of tapeworm (Anoplocephala perfoliata) infection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for a history of colic in the preceding 12 months.
RESULTS
The 12-month prevalence of colic was 54.6%. Severe and moderate tapeworm infection intensity was identified in 3% and 26% of horses tested, respectively. Horses that had severe dental disease (odds ratio [OR] 6.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9-24.3, P<0.001), that displayed stereotypic behaviour (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.15-3.5, P = 0.013), were fed ground corn during the 'dry season' (OR 1.65, 95% CI 1.03-2.6, P = 0.035) or that had received an anthelmintic in the previous 6 months (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.3, P = 0.003) were more likely to have a history of colic in the preceding 12 months. Horses fed on rice bran during the 'green season' (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.26-0.9, P = 0.015) and that displayed geophagia/coprophagia (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.73, P = 0.001) were less likely to have a history of colic.
CONCLUSIONS
Colic is common in this working horse population and this study has identified factors associated with altered likelihood of colic. The study provides important information that may be used to inform future prospective studies investigating colic in working horse populations and to assist development of preventive healthcare strategies. The Summary is available in Chinese - see Supporting information. |
2595550 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:20:41.498Z | 2016-11-01T00:00:00.000Z | Primary care providers' prescribing practices of opioid controlled substances.
OBJECTIVE
Prescription opioid abuse poses a significant public health concern. House Bill 1 (HB1) was enacted in 2012 to address prescription drug abuse in Kentucky. The authors investigated the impact of HB1 on primary care providers' (PCPs) prescribing practices of Schedule II controlled substances.
DESIGN
Retrospective evaluation of PCPs' prescribing practices in an adult outpatient setting.
METHODS
A review of the prescribing practices for Schedule II controlled substances written by 149 PCPs. The number of prescriptions for Schedule II controlled substances written by 149 PCPs was compared to the top 10 PCP prescribers. Attention was focused on providers who wrote for oxycontin and/or opana and prescriptions with > 90 pills dispensed.
RESULTS
The top 10 PCP prescribers accounted for 38.4 percent of the Schedule II controlled substances and 47.8 percent of the Schedule II controlled substances with > 90 pills dispensed. Of the 60 PCPs who prescribed opana and/or oxycontin, the average number of prescriptions was 14.7 compared to 51.0 for the top 10 PCP prescribers. The average percentage of Schedule II controlled substance prescriptions compared to the total number of prescriptions was 27.9 percent for the top 10 PCP prescribers and 7.05 percent of all PCPs. The average percentage of office visits with Schedule II controlled substance prescriptions compared to total office visits was 24.8 percent for the top 10 PCP prescribers versus 7.7 percent for all PCPs.
CONCLUSIONS
Further scrutiny is warranted to more closely analyze provider opioid prescribing habits and ensure that the providers at our Institution are prescribing Schedule II controlled substances in compliance with HB1. |
24615900 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:41:07.365Z | 1995-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Thermal desorption-gas chromatography for the determination of emission of volatile organic compounds from furnishing materials.
In order to determine volatile organic compounds (VOC) released from the building and furnishing materials gas chromatography with air samples enrichment on Tenax TA and thermal desorption was used. The results obtained were compared with the results of air samples enrichment on active carbon with carbon disulfide extraction. To the thermal desorption the home made device, a similar to device developed at Research Triangle Institute (USA), was used. The both methods of the air samples enrichment with thermal desorption or carbon disulfide extraction showed that the emission of the volatile organic compounds from the PVC floor covering is very low within the range from 0.01 to 0.03 mg/m2.h. Thermal desorption technique allows to detect a larger number of compounds in trace levels. |
25563400 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T02:35:12.270Z | 2002-02-01T00:00:00.000Z | [Possibilities of magnetic resonance tomography in pancreatic cancer diagnosis].
There was conducted examination of 27 patients with pancreatic cancer using clinico-laboratory and instrumental methods: ultrasonic investigation, computeric tomography (CT), magnetic-resonance tomography (MRT). MRT was uninformative when pancreatic tumor was up to 3 cm in diameter. In diagnosis of cystadenocarcinoma, affection of common biliary duct and vessels and in small focal metastatic hepatic affection the results of MRT showed enhanced precision in comparison with CT. Informativity of MRT and CT in diagnosis of metastases in lymph nodes was equal. |
215750800 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2020-04-14T13:03:28.273Z | 2020-03-03T00:00:00.000Z | Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography imaging in Bietti crystalline dystrophy
ABSTRACT Background: Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to genetic defect in the CYP4V2 gene. BCD is a disease characterized by shiny yellow crystalline deposits in the retina with progressive atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and choriocapillaris. Our aim is to present ocular imaging findings of a patient with BCD.Materials and Metods: A 38-year-old female patient with BCD was evaluated and the findings of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) were examined.Results: OCT imaging revealed multiple outer retinal tubulations (ORTs) with a few hyperreflective crystalline deposits. OCTA imaging showed that the vessel density of superficial anddeep capillary plexus and choriocapillaris blood flow were significantly decreased. ORTs were composedof multiple microtubules as finger-like protrusions that joined the macrotubules.Conclusion: In BCD, crystallinedeposits, ORTs and retinal vascular morphology can be shown in detail using OCT and OCTA. |
234518650 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2021-01-07T09:11:41.277Z | 2020-12-17T00:00:00.000Z | Study of Water and Sediment Quality in the Bay of Dakhla, Morocco: Physico-Chemical Quality and Metallic Contamination
The present study contributes to the evaluation of the impact of the various activities developed around the Bay of Dakhla in Morocco through the study of the physico-chemical quality of the waters and sediments of the Bay. For this purpose, a spatial and temporal monitoring of the physicochemical and metallic pollution indicator parameters was conducted between May 2014 and March 2015. The main physicochemical descriptors of water quality were monitored, namely: temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved O2, nutrients (ammonium, nitrites, nitrates, phosphates) and chlorophyll (a). A qualification of the waters of the Bay was drawn up based on water quality assessment grids. The quality of the sediments was assessed through the determination of granulometry, the total organic carbon content and the contents of the main metallic trace elements (cadmium, lead, mercury, chromium, copper and zinc). The results of the present study show the beginning of nutrient enrichment of the water bodies of the bay, especially the stations located near the urban area, where 1.83 mg l−1 of nitrates, 0.37 mg l−1 of phosphate and 7.42 μg l−1 of chlorophyll (a) were recorded. For the sediment, the maximum concentrations of metallic trace elements were recorded in the station near the harbour basin. These results allowed to establish a quality grid for the waters of the bay, generally qualified as “Good”, except for the sites located near the urban area for which the quality is qualified as “Average”. The sediment quality of the bay was assessed according to the criteria established by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. The levels of metallic trace elements remain below the toxicity thresholds, except for the sediments taken from the harbour basin. |
246077500 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2021-06-03T01:31:12.716Z | 2021-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Anti-parity-time symmetric phase transition in diffusive systems
Parity-time (PT) symmetry/anti-parity-time (APT) symmetry in non-Hermitian systems reveal profound physics and spawn intriguing effects. Recently, it has been introduced into diffusive systems together with the concept of exceptional points (EPs) from quantum mechanics and the wave systems. With the aid of convection, we can generate complex thermal conductivity and imitate various wavelike dynamics in heat transfer, where heat flow can be “stopped” or moving against the background motion. Non-Hermitian diffusive systems offer us a new platform to investigate the heat wave manipulation. In this review, we first introduce the construction of APT symmetry in a simple double-channel toy model. Then we show the phase transition around the EP. Finally, we extend the double-channel model to the four-channel one for showing the high-order EP and the associated phase transition. In a general conclusion, the phase difference of adjacent channels is always static in the APT symmetric phase, while it dynamically evolves or oscillates when the APT symmetry is broken. |
13789400 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2016-03-14T22:51:50.573Z | 2016-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | BLIND COMPRESSED SENSING ENABLES 3 D DYNAMIC FREE BREATHING MR IMAGING OF LUNG VOLUMES AND DIAPHRAGM MOTION
Objectives: The objective of this study is to increase the spatial and temporal resolution of dynamic 3D MR imaging of lung volumes and diaphragm motion. To achieve this goal, we evaluate the utility of the proposed blind compressed sensing (BCS) algorithm to recover data from highly undersampled measurements. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the performance of the BCS scheme to recover dynamic datasets from retrospectively and prospectively undersampled measurements. We also compared its performance against view-sharing, nuclear norm minimization, and l1 Fourier sparsity regularization schemes. Quantitative experiments were performed on a healthy subject using a fully sampled 2D dataset with uniform radial sampling, which was retrospectively undersampled with 16 radial spokes per frame to correspond to an undersampling factor of 8. The images obtained from the four reconstruction schemes were compared to the fully sampled data using mean square error (MSE) and normalized high frequency (HFEN) error metrics. The schemes |
96799950 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-06T13:03:53.128Z | 2007-07-30T00:00:00.000Z | ANALYSIS OF DIESEL PILOT-IGNITED NATURAL GAS LOW-TEMPERATURE COMBUSTION WITH HOT EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION
Abstract Earlier efforts demonstrated the low NOx(<0.2 g/kWh) and high efficiency (>40%) benefits of the low temperature, advanced low pilot injection natural gas (ALPING) combustion concept that utilized advanced injection (about 60° BTDC) of small diesel pilots (2–3% on an energy basis) to compression-ignite a premixed natural gas-air mixture. At these injection timings, combustion was accompanied by increased unburned hydrocarbons (HC) (mostly methane) and variations in torque fluctuations. In this article, hot exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is proposed as a potential strategy to reduce HC emissions and torque fluctuations at low (quarter and half) loads. It is shown that the addition of hot EGR leads to a combination of one or more of the following effects on the intake mixture entering the cylinder: oxygen depletion, increased temperatures due to mixing with exhaust gases, dilution due to introduction of high specific heat species, and active recycling of unburned hydrocarbons to effect reburn in subsequent cycles. In particular, hot EGR addition extends the ALPING operation regime from 50°–60° BTDC to 60°–70° BTDC, increases low-load efficiencies by more than 5 percentage points, substantially improves combustion stability, and drastically reduces HC emissions (by more than 70%) with little associated penalty in NOx emissions. |
253800550 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-11-24T06:17:19.571Z | 2022-11-23T00:00:00.000Z | Simulated workplace protection factor study of a quarter facepiece elastomeric respirator.
The assigned protection factor (APF) for quarter facepiece respirators is currently 5, based on fit test data from the 1970s with models no longer commercially available. The goal of this project was to evaluate the respirator fit capability of a NIOSH-approved N95 quarter facepiece elastomeric respirator with a gel-based facial seal design (Envo® Mask by Sleepnet Corporation). Human subjects were recruited from healthcare and the general population to satisfy a 25-member NIOSH bivariate panel. Subjects were fit tested with a fast fit protocol using a TSI Portacount Model 8038 in the N95 mode. Second-by-second measures of fit were then collected while subjects performed a 30-min series of simulated healthcare activities. Subjects completed a short comfort questionnaire. The median (5th, 95th percentile) fit factor was 188 (48, 201). Simulated workplace protection factors (SWPFs) had a median (5th, 95th percentile) of 181 (94, 199) (data truncated at 200) and 570 (153, 1508) (non-truncated data). Subjects ranked inhalation and exhalation as "easy" with average scores of 5.0/6.0 and 5.2/6.0, respectively. The facepiece was ranked between slightly comfortable and comfortable (4.8/6.0) and the harness as comfortable (5.0/6.0). Most users agreed (5.2/6.0) that the mask was stable on their face. The 5th percentile SWPF of 95 supports an APF of at least 10 for this quarter facepiece elastomeric respirator, similar to the APF for half facepiece respirators. This study supports increasing the APF for quarter facepiece respirators, a class that has been largely ignored by manufacturers for the past 40 years. A lightweight, low profile, reusable quarter facepiece respirator is an effective option for healthcare and other worker protection during pandemic and similar situations. |
235033600 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2021-05-22T00:05:44.808Z | 2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Study on Damage, Equivalent Stress and Life Distribution Characteristics of Bogie Frame of High-speed Train
： In order to analyze the damage ， equivalent stress and life distribution characteristics of bogie frame of high-speed train ， the dynamic stress railway line measurement of the key fatigue points of frame is carried out and the time-domain data waveforms of the measured points are analyzed. Based on the measured stress time history and rain flow counting method ， the two-dimensional stress spectrum is compiled ， and the two-dimensional stress spectrum is transformed into one-dimensional stress spectrum by using the Goodman equal life equation. The establishment methods of linear cumulative damage model and nonlinear cumulative damage model are described. The linear cumulative damage and nonlinear cumulative damage of measured data are calculated and compared. Based on the linear cumulative damage theory and the nonlinear cumulative damage theory ， the equivalent stresses under each theory are deduced ， and the two equivalent stresses are calculated and compared based on the ① measured data. The fatigue life of frame structure is compared and analyzed by combining the equivalent stress calculated by nonlinear cumulative damage theory and linear cumulative damage theory ， and by calculating and comparing the fatigue life of the frame structure under different reliability. Compared with the nonlinear fatigue analysis theory ， the linear fatigue analysis theory is conservative in evaluating the fatigue characteristics of high-speed train bogie frame. |
131877350 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-26T14:07:07.008Z | 2020-01-17T00:00:00.000Z | Scenario-based robust dominance criteria for multi-objective automated flexible transfer line balancing problem under uncertainty
The automated flexible transfer line (AFTL) is designed with flexibility, reconfigurability and reliability to satisfy the requirements in real manufacturing environment. It contains multiple stages in series performing the assigned operations, and each stage consists of multiple machining cells with one robot and multiple identical machines. A multi-objective robust optimisation problem (MOROP) based on AFTL balancing problem under uncertainty with three conflicting objectives, i.e. minimise the expected line cycle time, minimise the probability of real line cycle time exceeding the expected line cycle time and minimise the smoothness index, is proposed in this paper. Three new scenario-based robust dominance (SRD) criteria are proposed, and two novel methods, i.e. heuristic based on branch and bound (HBB) and heuristic based on artificial bee colony (HABC), are designed. Different sizes of experiments on MOROP are made and solved by the methods, and the performances of HBB and HABC are tested against considered problems with different scenarios based on the SRD criteria. Overall results indicate that HBB is quicker in searching solutions and HABC is better in result quality, and both heuristics provide robust solutions for the AFTL balancing problem. |
9378050 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 2008-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Real-time Detection and Interpretation of 3 D Deictic Gestures for Interaction With an Intelligent Environment
We present a system that enables pointing-based unconstrained interaction with a smart conference room using an arbitrary multi-camera setup. For each individual camera stream, areas exhibiting strong motion are identified. In these areas, face and hand hypotheses are detected. The detections of multiple cameras are then combined to 3D hypotheses from which deictic gestures are identified and a pointing direction is derived. This is then used to identify objects in the scene. Since we use a combination of simple yet effective techniques, the system runs in real-time and is very responsive. We present evaluation results on realistic data that show the capabilities of the presented approach. |
13480500 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:36:14.488Z | 2004-10-26T00:00:00.000Z | PARK6-linked autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism in Asian populations
The authors performed linkage analysis in 39 families with autosomal recessive early-onset PD (AR-EOPD) negative for parkin and DJ-1 mutations. Eight families including three Japanese, two Taiwanese, one Turkish, one Israeli, and one Philippine showed evidence of linkage with PARK6 with multipoint log of the odds (lod) score of 9.88 at D1S2732. The results indicate worldwide distribution of PARK6-linked parkinsonism. |
12942100 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:36:20.217Z | 2014-05-01T00:00:00.000Z | Antispasmodic activity of isovanillin and isoacetovanillon in comparison with Pycnocycla spinosa Decne.exBoiss extract on rat ileum
Isovanillin and isoacetovanillon are two components found in P. spinosa Decne.exBoiss extract with no previously reported effect on ileum contractions. Spasmolytic effect of isovanillin and isoacetovanillon were examined on response to electrical field stimulation (EFS), acetylcholine (ACh) and 5-HT in strips of rat ileum. Longitudinal ileum strips were set up in an organ bath containing oxygenated Tyrode's solution. All strips that was contracted in response to EFS, acetylcholine or 5-HT showed relaxation in the presence of isovanillin (5-320 μg/ml), or isoacetovanillon (5-320 μg/ml). Isovanillin and isoacetovanillon inhibited the response to 5-HT with IC50 values of 356±50μM and 622±110μM respectively. They reduced the response to EFS without significantly affecting the acetylcholine response. P. spinosa extract (5-160 μg/ml) in a concentration dependent manner reduced the response to 5-HT, acetylcholine and EFS. This study demonstrated that isovanillin and isoacetovanillon are relaxant of ileum contractions induced by 5-HT and EFS and they have contribution to the relaxant effect of P. spinosa extract but other components are responsible for the inhibition of acetylcholine by the extract. |
4917150 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:26:37.221Z | 2004-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | [Observance and treatment follow-up].
The consequences of a bad observance of the treatment are serious for the patient and for the community: relapse, prolongation of the treatment, increase of the risk of death (x 4), prolongation of the period of contagiousness and development of multiresistant strains. If a suitable antimycobacterial treatment was prescribed, observance is the essential element of success. There is no consensual definition of a bad observance in the literature. According to authors, bad observance can be defined as: 1) an interruption of treatment for at least two consecutive weeks; 2) drug intake inferior to 80% of the total prescribed amount. The risk factors for bad observance are numerous. The three principal ones frequently found in literature are: 1) absence of permanent residence (40 to 50% of bad observance); 2) alcoholism; 3) drug-addiction (especially i.v.). Other factors are also reported: cultural and linguistic barriers, psychoses, difficulty to find adequate transport to come to consultation, inadequate consultation schedules or other conditions considered by the patient as more important than taking the treatment. |
19884800 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T05:13:32.138Z | 1989-07-01T00:00:00.000Z | Cage design reduces emotionality in mice
To see if a more natural cage design would alter the reactivity of laboratory mice, 192 mice were reared in cages with (1) no dividers, (2) five vertical dividers, (3) nine vertical dividers, or (4) nine vertical dividers and one horizontal platform. The mice preferred the most complex cages, and on almost all measures they were less emotional when reared in the more complex cages. Results suggest that a more natural housing environment would lead to healthier animals. |
216554800 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2020-04-28T13:23:30.295Z | 2020-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Employees’ Job Satisfaction and their Work Performance as Elements Influencing Work Safety
Abstract Job satisfaction has a big impact on how an employee performs his job. Both elements have an impact on job safety and employee perception of it. A satisfied employee devotes himself to work, performs orders better, cares for others and for himself. He feels safe in the enterprise. The aim of the paper was to assess employees' job satisfaction and their work performance with use of simply survey. In order to achieve this aim, a survey was conducted among employees of a chosen metallurgical enterprise who were asked to assess level of their job satisfaction. The employees defined their job satisfaction by referring to 20 statements describing this satisfaction and evaluating three factors that were used to compute the satisfaction index. The survey allowed for indication the general level of employee satisfaction. |
253189810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-10-29T15:17:51.675Z | 2022-10-27T00:00:00.000Z | Advanced Coatings of Polyureas for Building Blast Protection: Physical, Chemical, Thermal and Mechanical Characterization
Due to the increase in the global terrorist threat, there has been a growing demand for materials that can more efficiently protect civil, industrial, and military structures against explosions. In this sense, two new commercial polyureas (A and B), that present high potential to be used as a protective coating on building facades against explosions, were compared in this work, through several tests. Chemical characterization with the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) of the surface of the polyureas revealed that the commercial polyurea A has a heterogeneous surface while the other polyurea has a more uniform and homogeneous surface, resulting in a more compact structure. The shock-wave attenuation ability of polyurea is believed to be controlled primarily by the hard domains. The TGA tests revealed that polyurea B has more hard segments than polyurea A in its composition. The mechanical tests performed showed that polyurea B has significantly better tensile properties-almost 3000% of maximum deformation capacity compared with approximately 115% of polyurea A. Thus, it was concluded that polyurea B has more potential to be used as a coating in building blast protection due to its exceptional elongation characteristics, a critical parameter to absorb the high frequency and intensity of blasts. |
139441660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-12-03T20:22:38.731Z | 2018-08-01T00:00:00.000Z | Morphological Analysis of Particles Formed by Aeolian Abrasion in Dune Sands
have been reported in which the content of nanometric particles in aeolian sands in austral deserts is analyzed The study of these subject within the perspective of nanotechnology is a methodological challenge, in which the employment of careful techniques that allow to concentrate these nanomaterials without modifying their natural characteristics of origin, starting from the principle that we are dealing with nanominerals [2,3] of a certain compositional complexity of multicomponent type, and not of simple elementary systems. The present work consists of presenting a methodology with which it is possible to obtain nano-sized particles separated by decantation, from sands with an average size of 200μm subjected to natural erosion processes collected in the sand dunes of the Biosphere of Pinacate and Desert of Altar, in the State of Sonora, Mexico [4]. Previous studies of these areas in the region are geological, focused on aspects of origin and provenance of sands [4]; processes of dune formation [5]; fine geochemistry and morphometry of the sands with genetic approach. obtain a representative sample analyzed with Leica DM2500P Petrograhic of sand as extracted from the sample with it for minutes, which it allowed to stand of |
8836810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:06:12.041Z | 2012-06-08T00:00:00.000Z | Application of pheB as a Reporter Gene for Geobacillus spp., Enabling Qualitative Colony Screening and Quantitative Analysis of Promoter Strength
ABSTRACT The pheB gene from Geobacillus stearothermophilus DSM6285 has been exploited as a reporter gene for Geobacillus spp. The gene product, catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O), catalyzes the formation of 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde, which can be readily assayed. The reporter was used to examine expression from the ldh promoter associated with fermentative metabolism. |
21404010 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:54:13.293Z | 2011-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Whole-body predictors of wrist shot accuracy in ice hockey: a kinematic analysis
The purpose of this study was to identify joint angular kinematics that corresponds to shooting accuracy in the stationary ice hockey wrist shot. Twenty-four subjects participated in this study, each performing 10 successful shots on four shooting targets. An eight-camera infra-red motion capture system (240 Hz), along with passive reflective markers, was used to record motion of the joints, hockey stick, and puck throughout the performance of the wrist shot. A multiple regression analysis was carried out to examine whole-body kinematic variables with accuracy scores as the dependent variable. Significant accuracy predictors were identified in the lower limbs, torso and upper limbs. Interpretation of the kinematics suggests that characteristics such as a better stability of the base of support, momentum cancellation, proper trunk orientation and a more dynamic control of the lead arm throughout the wrist shot movement are presented as predictors for the accuracy outcome. These findings are substantial as they not only provide a framework for further analysis of motor control strategies using tools for accurate projection of objects, but more tangibly they may provide a comprehensive evidence-based guide to coaches and athletes for planned training to improve performance. |
199086510 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-08-02T18:20:42.348Z | 2020-08-01T00:00:00.000Z | Feedforward Compensation-Based Finite-Time Traffic Flow Controller for Intelligent Connected Vehicle Subject to Sudden Velocity Changes of Leading Vehicle
Optimal velocity (OV)-based car-following model can be easily applied to the transportation system composed of intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, since this model only requires space headway and velocity differences of preceding vehicles. However, the sudden velocity changes of the leading vehicle will decrease the control performance of following vehicles. Particularly, the farther the distance between the following vehicle and the leading vehicle is, the worse the control performance of the following vehicle is. Besides this problem, the nonlinear information of OV-based car-following models is often not fully utilized due to the linearization for the convenience of stability analysis and controller design. To address these problems, the factors related to velocity sudden changes are taken into account for each ICV simultaneously and compensated by the proposed feedforward compensator. Based on the compensator, a finite-time traffic flow controller is designed for each ICV to smooth the space headway in traffic flow subject to sudden velocity changes and make full use of the nonlinear information of OV-based model. Finally, the theoretical analysis via Lyapunov approach and the numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
94602560 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-04T13:14:34.266Z | 1993-12-06T00:00:00.000Z | Long-wavelength infrared transmitting glasses: new ternary sulfide compositions
Compositions in the MS-In2S3 and MS-Y2S3 systems (M equals Ca or Sr) have been investigated as potential long-wavelength infrared transmitting materials with possible glass-formability. Previous studies of CaY2S4 and SrY2S4 single crystals show that these phases have intrinsic infrared cut-offs at longer wavelengths than ZnS, however phases in these systems often exhibit poor crystallinity. Preliminary results indicate that these materials are significantly harder than ZnS, however, they are extremely refractory and therefore difficult to melt by traditional methods. |
47536810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-22T03:28:12.674Z | 2016-07-17T00:00:00.000Z | Integrated Electrical and Gas Network Flexibility Assessment in Low-Carbon Multi-Energy Systems
In power systems with more and more variable renewable sources, gas generation is playing an increasingly prominent role in providing short-term flexibility to meet net-load requirements. The flexibility provided by the gas turbines in turn relies on the flexibility of the gas network. While there are several discussions on the ability of the gas network in providing this operational flexibility, this has not been clearly modeled or quantified. In addition, the gas network may also be responsible for supplying heating technologies, and low-carbon scenarios see a tighter interaction between the electricity, heating and gas sectors, which calls for a holistic multi-energy system assessment. On these premises, this paper presents an original methodology to quantify the flexibility the gas network can provide to the power system, as well as the constraints it may impose on it, with also consideration of different heating scenarios. This is achieved by a novel multi-stage integrated gas and electrical transmission network model, which uses electrical DC OPF and both steady-state and transient gas analyses. A novel metric that makes use of the concept of zonal linepack is also introduced to assess the integrated gas and electrical flexibility, which is then used to impose gas-related inter-network inter-temporal constraints on the electrical OPF. Case studies are performed for the Great Britain transmission system for different renewables and heating scenarios to demonstrate the proposed integrated flexibility assessment methodology, provide insights into the effects of changes to the heating sector on the multi-energy system's combined flexibility requirements and capability, and assess how the electrical network can experience local generation and reserve constraints related to the gas network's lack of flexibility. |
41869360 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T05:10:59.138Z | 2003-05-01T00:00:00.000Z | Gastric hemorrhage as a late complication of splenic artery aneurysm repair: A dramatic way to vent one's spleen
To the Editor, The splenic artery is the third most common site of intra-abdominal aneurysm. 1 Elective repair of a splenic artery aneurysm is favored in patients at high risk of rupture and may allow conservation of the spleen. 1 We report a case of gastric hemorrhage arising as a late complication of splenic artery aneurysmectomy. A 68-year-old-woman presented to the emergency department after passing black stools for three days. Her past history included a cholecystectomy 13 years earlier. At that time, left upper quadrant calcification was noted on a plain abdominal radiograph. Subsequent computed tomography demonstrated a 4 cm splenic artery aneurysm. Elective splenic artery ligation and aneurysmectomy with splenic conservation was performed 12 months after the cholecystectomy. Her medications included aspirin and she did not consume alcohol. On examination she was pale, with a sinus tachycardia and blood pressure of 95/60 mmHg. There were no signs of chronic liver disease, and neither hepatosplenomegaly nor abdominal bruits were evident. Rectal examination confirmed the presence of melaena. Laboratory investigations showed a hemoglobin of 67 g/L; biochemistry including liver function tests, and coagulation studies, were normal. After the patient was resuscitated she underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The stomach contained altered blood with fresh clot adherent to the fundus. On washing away the clot, a tortuous, submucosal mass with an overlying red spot was apparent (Fig. 1). The esophagus and duodenum were normal. The appearances were thought to represent bleeding from gastric varices, possibly due to splenic vein thrombosis, or an increase in portal flow through a splenic arteriovenous fistula. An intravenous infusion of octreotide was started, as was oral propranolol. Abdominal ultrasound showed a normal sized spleen and liver, with normal flow in the splenic, portal, and hepatic veins. A liver biopsy demonstrated macrovesicular steatosis but no fibrosis. Visceral arteriography showed the distal splenic artery to be occluded by the previous surgery. Extensive collateral vessels arose from the proximal splenic artery Figure 1 Endoscopic image of the lesion in the gastric fundus showing the overlying red spot (arrow). This proved to be a collateral vessel from the surgically ligated splenic artery. |
8909610 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:00:36.745Z | 1972-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Development of Coliphage T5: Ultrastructural and Biochemical Studies
Electron microscopic studies of Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T5+ have revealed that host nuclear material disappeared before 9 min after infection. This disappearance seemed to correspond to the breakdown of host deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) into acid-soluble fragments. Little or no host DNA thymidine was reincorporated into phage DNA, except in the presence of 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR). Progeny virus particles were observed in the cytoplasm 20 min postinfection. Most of these particles were in the form of hexagonal-shaped heads or capsids, which were filled with electron-dense material (presumably T5 DNA). A small percentage (3 to 4%) of the phage heads appeared empty. On rare occasions, crystalline arrays of empty heads were observed. Nalidixic acid, hydroxyurea, and FUdR substantially inhibited replication of T5 DNA. However, these agents did not prevent virus-induced degradation of E. coli DNA. Most of the phage-specified structures seen in T5+-infected cells treated with FUdR or with nalidixic were in the form of empty capsids. Infected cells treated with hydroxyurea did not contain empty capsids. When E. coli F was infected with the DO mutant T5 amH18a (restrictive conditions), there was a small amount of DNA synthesis. Such cells contained only empty capsids, but their numbers were few in comparison to those in cells infected under permissive conditions or infected with T5+. The cells also failed to lyse. These results confirm other reports which suggest that DNA replication is not required for the synthesis of late proteins. The data also indicate that DNA replication influences the quantity of viral structures being produced. |
90911460 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-02T13:05:10.570Z | 2017-03-03T00:00:00.000Z | Blocking celiac antigenicity of the glutamine-rich gliadin 33-mer peptide by microbial transglutaminase
Celiac disease (CD) is a T cell-mediated enteropathy of the small intestine and caused by the ingestion of wheat gluten and related prolamins in barley and rye. However, there is no effective therapy to alleviate symptoms of celiac disease except for a life-long gluten-free diet. Recent studies showed that modification by microbial transglutaminase (mTG) could reduce the gliadin-specific immune response. In the present study, different acyl-acceptor substrates in combination with mTG were used to modify the model 33-mer peptide (LQLQPFPQPQLPYPQPQLPYPQPQLPYPQPQPF), which is a particular celiac toxic α-gliadin peptide. RP-HPLC and LC-ESI-MS were performed to test the extent of the modifications. R5 ELISA and G12 ELISA were used to analyze the antigenicity of the modified peptide. The shifts of retention time and molecular weight showed great modification of 33-mer peptide after 2 h of incubation with mTG. When acyl-acceptor substrates were crosslinked with 33-mer peptide, the antigenicity of modified peptide forms was decreased compared to its initial level. In summary, it is demonstrated that mTG is active on a variety of chemically acyl-acceptor substrates. Transamidation by mTG with an appropriate amine donor can be used to block the antigenicity of gliadin peptide related to celiac disease. These findings highlight a potential strategy to prevent cereal toxicity in celiac disease. |
26088960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T01:56:36.829Z | 2002-06-01T00:00:00.000Z | In vivo induction of proinflammatory cytokines in mouse tissue by Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease initiated by a multitude of bacteria. Persistent infection leads to generation of various inflammatory mediators, resulting in tissue destruction and osteoclastic resorption of the alveolar bone. This study describes a novel in vivo murine calvarial model to assess the effects of oral pathogens on the expression of three proinflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha] which are involved in bone resorption. We chose Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans as prototype oral pathogens. We also tested the effects of Streptococcus gordonii, an oral commensal supragingival microorganism, considered a non-pathogen. Live bacteria were injected into subcutaneous tissue overlying the parietal bone of mice calvaria for 6 days. At the end of the experimental period, tissues overlying the calvaria were removed and analyzed for proinflammatory cytokine expression by Northern blotting. Cytokine mRNA was not detected in the tissue over the calvaria of control animals. In contrast, P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans elicited mRNA expression of all three cytokines, TNFalpha being the highest (TNFalpha > > IL-1beta > IL-6). P. gingivalis was more potent than A. actinomycetemcomitans in inducing cytokine expression. In contrast, S. gordonii induced only low levels of mRNA for IL-1beta and TNFalpha but no IL-6 mRNA induction. These results suggest that oral microorganisms with access to host tissues elicit a battery of proinflammatory cytokines. There were clear differences in profiles and, interestingly, a commensal bacterium also stimulated bone resorptive cytokine expression in host tissues. |
1416510 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:14:53.322Z | 2017-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Neurobehavioural Changes in a Hemiparkinsonian Rat Model Induced by Rotenone.
INTRODUCTION
Rotenone, a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor is used as a neurotoxin agent to reproduce the neuropathological, and behavioural feature of Parkinson's Disease (PD) in rat. Due to acute and chronic exposure of rotenone with various doses through different routes of administration, mortality is being reported. Low dose takes a longer duration to produce PD symptoms in animals. This present study was designed to create hemiparkinsonian 'partial' lesion model by rotenone at a single moderate dose in two sites of striatum in albino rats and also to assess its toxicity by behavioural parameters and by microscopic study.
AIM
To assess all the motor deficits in lesioned animals that are due to the depletion of dopaminergic neurons or its terminals, the lesioned animals were administered with anti-parkinsonian drug, Levodopa which should counteract motor deficits in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The unilateral partially lesioned PD model was induced by rotenone stereotaxically into two sites of striatum of male Wistar albino rats at a dosage of 25 μg of rotenone/site. Rats were tested for its neurobehavioural activity on 7th day, 14th day, 21st day and on 30th day after rotenone infusion and compared with the sham group and sacrificed on 21st and 30th day for microscopic studies. L-DOPA was administered from 21st day to 30th day after lesion and compared with the lesioned group for the motor performance and sacrificed on 30th day for histology. Statistical analysis using One-way Analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test was applied for behavioural studies.
RESULTS
Statistical analysis showed that the signs and symptoms like motor in-coordination and postural disturbances are highly significant (p<0.05) on 14th and 21st day after administration of rotenone when compared to sham group. In L-DOPA treated rats, all the motor deficits were reversed. The neuronal cell death was minimal and sprouting of nerve terminals was detected. In lesioned group, the degeneration of nerve terminals and striatal neurons were in progressive manner.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that intrastriatal infusion of rotenone at a moderate dose could be used for producing hemiparkinsonian partially lesioned animal model without any mortality. Hence, this model is suitable for evaluating behavioural studies and in drug screening programs even for a long term study. |
20397560 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:44:58.189Z | 2000-04-01T00:00:00.000Z | The super practice: a marketing and professionalism hybrid.
The old standard dental practice of yesterday, with a stubborn dentist who thinks marketing and advertising (concepts key to retail establishment success) are "unethical" doesn't cut it anymore. The practical retail concepts discussed about in this article allow dentists to create a marketing and professionalism hybrid. Providing first-class, customer-service treatment is the underlying principle. Patients who feel their dentist and staff know them will always feel at ease and a great sense of loyalty. The reward for treating patients like customers, consumers, and friends is that patients patronize businesses, including dental practices that meet or exceed their expectations. There's a man driving down your street right now with a toothache. Will it be your practice or the one down the block. |
34529210 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T02:42:05.675Z | 2007-09-01T00:00:00.000Z | Uterus unicornis in two mares.
Two American Paint Horses, a 3-year-old nulliparous mare and a 7-year-old primiparous mare, presented for recent infertility and a pre-breeding examination, respectively. Examination of the internal reproductive tract of both mares using transrectal palpation and ultrasonography revealed the presence of the cervix, uterine body, left uterine horn and bilateral ovaries. The right uterine horn could neither be palpated nor imaged. The clinical diagnosis of uterus unicornis in one mare was confirmed at necropsy, which revealed combined aplasia of the right uterine horn and oviduct. |
21901210 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-18T16:28:32.219Z | 2013-05-30T00:00:00.000Z | Professional experience validation process at a national level
Long-life learning allows for workers' career evolution, and can be achieved either through dedicated adults' courses, or via professional experience. In this paper, we report on a project started four years ago with Orange-France Telecom (major Telco operator in France) which aims at delivering national diplomas on the basis of knowledge and proficiencies acquired through professional experience. We have designed the main lines of the process to guide employees from Orange-France Telecom over a full year, from an information session to a validation jury for their diploma. In the meantime, they participate in collective courses helping them to write a professional overview activity report, describing their acquired expertise during their professional life in line with the targeted diploma. Each participant is also individually tutored by a university professor. The jury outcome is then of three kinds: the diploma is delivered, or not, or only some units are granted. In this latter case, advice is given to achieve a full completion of the curricula. We here present the feedback from the first two years experiments. |
161955460 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-23T13:07:02.244Z | 1984-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | Book Review: The Gospel of Luke as Ancient Biography
should be slavishly subject to their husbands as it would be to say "on the basis of verses 17—19 that man should scrap his tractors and air conditioners, grub the earth with a hoe, and sweat profusely!" Another major theological difficulty is the practice of herem, or "killing in the name of Yahweh," as found especially in the Book of Joshua. The command to exterminate the Canaanites actually came from Yahweh in view of Canaanite corruption and the threat to Israelite religion. "A surgeon does not hesitate to remove an arm or a leg, or even a vital organ, when life is at stake," and in this case "Yahweh ordered surgery," for "the spiritual life of Israel—and ultimately of the world Yahweh wanted to bless through Israel—was at stake" (p. 208). The theological problem is resolved on the basis of "progressive revelation." Wholesale slaughter was God's will for that time and situation; later God's policy changed, as evident from the ethical preaching of the prophets and God's revelation in Christ. Commenting on the stringent legislation of Deuteronomy, it is said that "one type of law was necessary at the time the Israelite nation was getting established in Canaan," for "gross idolatry" had to be expunged; but "in the light of revelation through Jesus Christ and the Apostles a gentler law applies" (p. 186). In summary, "the Fuller sense of Scripture," as represented in this book, is fraught with internal tensions, unresolved conflicts, and theological difficulties. Often the discussion of critical issues is vague, evasive, and indecisive, perhaps because the authors are trying to lead conservatives, who hold to the verbal inspiration of Scripture, into a larger understanding. Those who can accept the presuppositions of this approach doubtless will find that this survey is more appealing than other conservative textbooks of the past like those written by E.J. Young and R. K. Harrison. |
7548160 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:36:19.770Z | 1980-04-01T00:00:00.000Z | EFFECT OF TRISODIUM PHOSPHONOFORMATE AND IDOXURIDINE ON EXPERIMENTAL HERPES SIMPLEX KERATITIS IN IMMUNIZED AND NON‐IMMUNIZED RABBITS
The effect of trisodium phosphonoformate (PFA) has been compared to that of idoxuridine (IDU) when applied topically in both liquid and ointment preparations on herpetic keratitis in rabbits. Trisodium phosphonoformate had a therapeutic effect but was not as effective as idoxuridine in the vehicles tested. This was seen with both herpes‐immunized and non‐immunized rabbits. |
128759960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-24T13:11:33.454Z | 2002-04-19T00:00:00.000Z | A Cooling Off Period
GEOCHEMISTRY
The earliest stage of Earth's history from 4.56 to 4.45 billion years ago (Ga) was hot and has been referred to as Hadean. The oldest known rocks date from 4.0 Ga and the oldest known water-derived sedimentary rocks from 3.8 Ga, consistent with a cooled Earth consisting of a stable crust and liquid water oceans. Whether the intervening stage from 4.4 to 4.0 Ga was hot, with boiling oceans and a steamy atmosphere, is not yet settled.
To estimate surface conditions during this period, Valley et al. compiled all of the oxygen isotopic data for detrital zircon grains with U-Pb crystallization ages between 4.4 and 2.6 Ga. All of the grains were enriched in the heavier 18O isotope relative to standard mean ocean water, which is consistent with zircon crystallization in a liquid water environment and suggests that, as early as 4.4 Ga, the steamy Earth was already condensing into cool blue oceans. A cooling Earth would have been subject to the late heavy bombardment (LHB), a peak of bolide impacts in the inner solar system between 3.8 to 4.0 Ga (no oxygen isotopic concentrations are available from zircons within this period). Nevertheless, the heating of Earth's surface caused by the LHB could have been brief and might not necessarily have destroyed the nascent hydrosphere and the first inklings of life.— LR
Geology 30 , 351 (2002). |
236279760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2021-07-26T00:06:17.693Z | 2021-06-07T00:00:00.000Z | A novel iterative identification based on the optimised topology for common state monitoring in wireless sensor networks
Power consumption and data redundancy of wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely considered for a distributed state monitoring network. For reducing the energy consumption and data amount, we propose a topology optimisation and an iterative parameter identification method for estimating the common model factors in WSN. The former method optimises the decentralised topology such that all the leaf nodes in a community connect to the head node directly. A circle topology is built to enable the remote leaf nodes to link to the head node through two adjoining relay nodes to reduce the whole communication distance and power consumption. Based on the optimised topology, an iterative identification method is proposed to minimise the information capacity by transmitting the processed results instead of raw data to reduce the data amount for calculation and storage. Then, we prove the consensus and convergence of the proposed identification method. Finally, two simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and the comparative results present the data reduction for the on-board calculation, communication, and storage in the practical use of WSN. |
229536060 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2020-08-13T10:04:27.476Z | 2020-07-28T00:00:00.000Z | Toward a More Strategic National Stockpile
The COVID-19 pandemic has uncovered major deficiencies in the United States’ approach to stockpiling for emergencies. States, cities and hospitals across the country had inadequate stores of critical medical items on hand when the pandemic reached US soil, and the federal government’s Strategic National Stockpile proved far too small to fill this inventory gap. As nationwide shortages worsened, many state governments began bidding against each other to procure scarce medical supplies — a distribution approach that inherently disadvantaged low-income and minority communities and left countless health care professionals and staff ill-equipped to protect themselves against a potentially deadly virus. These failings have generated an unprecedented push to reform the nation’s stockpiling policy structure. This Article uses a simple stockpiling cost-benefit model to highlight shortcomings in the existing US stockpiling policy regime and to identify specific new policy strategies capable of addressing them. Among other things, US stockpiling policies need to better account for important differences in the rotatability of supplies and should more aggressively incentivize private stockpiling of the most rotatable emergency items. Reshaping commandeering laws and price-gouging restrictions could also do much to strengthen private incentives to stockpile and could even help to clarify how states and the federal government share responsibilities in the nation’s stockpiling effort. Additional federal support is likewise needed to incentivize the build-out and maintenance of domestic supply chains for the least-rotatable emergency goods. These reforms and certain related policy changes could help to ensure that the nation is far better equipped to respond the next time disaster strikes. |
24577760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-10-27T17:22:05.020Z | 2017-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Financial index time series prediction based on bidirectional two dimensional locality preserving projection
Presented in this paper is a predicting model for time series forecasting of stock market index with the aid of bidirectional two-dimensional locality preserving projection and radial basis function neural network. First, 30 technical indicators in securities market are selected as the input features, and then adopts a sliding window to obtain the input data of the model. Next, by using two-dimensional locality preserving projection algorithm, reduction and feature extraction of the raw time series are performed in both horizontal and vertical direction. Finally, RBFNN is used to predict the closing price. Compared with the traditional dimension reduction methods, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and locality preserving projection (LPP), bidirectional two-dimensional locality preserving projection algorithm can be more effective to extract discriminating features. As verified on the Shanghai stock market index and the NASDAQ stock market index, the proposed model works well in ensuring the predicting accuracy which proves the effectiveness of this model in financial index time series prediction. |
199585660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-08-15T22:24:39.994Z | 2019-07-22T00:00:00.000Z | Genetic algorithm based optimization for resource leveling problem with precedence constrained scheduling
Abstract Resource Leveling Problem (RLP) in construction projects mainly deals with reducing the peaks and valleys of daily resource requirements. RLP is an interesting field of research and several researchers have tried to solve it over the past few decades. Numerical methods and heuristics do not provide good results for solving Non-deterministic polynomial-hard (NP-hard) problems. So that, a metaheuristic approach is highly required to predict the solution with greater efficiency. This research work aims to solve RLP using Genetic Algorithm as the meta-heuristic approach, developed in a programming platform. Modified critical path scheduling method, was adopted to develop a schedule that determines the partial critical nature of activity with a start to start precedence relationship. Activities from a real-time construction project were considered to evaluate the proposed idea. The result obtained was significantly better than the results provided by existing commercial project management software and helps to solve RLP with the advantage of considering real-time floats. |
234437760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2020-12-24T09:13:16.918Z | 2020-12-21T00:00:00.000Z | A Critical Examination of Disability and Agency through Art
Throughout history and the historical canons of western art, disability and the afflicted human form have often been marginalized and used as manifestations of iniquity, social malfeasance and mental degradation. It is not until the 20th and 21st centuries that changing social attitudes, as well as rapidly transforming scientific and medical advancements have reshaped how disability is framed, shown and discussed. In this article the author delves into the artistic, medical, scientific, and social complexities surrounding this topic to shed light on its multipart, shifting narratives. |
101043760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-01-09T16:06:16.166Z | 1983-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Hybrid multidentate ligands : amido phosphine complexes of the Group VIII metals
The hybrid ligands HN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2 and HN(CgH 5CH 2)(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) react readily with n-butyl lithium to y i e l d the corresponding lithium s a l t s . Metathesis of Group VIII t r a n s i t i o n metal halides with LiN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2 produces a variety of amido phosphine complexes. For the nickel t r i a d , these derivatives have the formula [MCIN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] (M = N i , Pd, P t ) ; a variety of rhodium and iridium complexes [M(L)N(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] (M = Rh, I r ; L = CO, ^-CgH^C^.PMe^PPI^) and [M(C0D)N(C6H5CH 2)(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2)] (M = Rh, I r ; COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) have also been prepared and characterized. Single crystal x-ray structural analysis of [NiClN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] indicates that i t adopts a distorted square planar stereochemistry, whereas the palladium analogue [PdClN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] i s almost perfectly square planar. Based primarily on spectral data, a l l of these Group VIII amido phosphines are assigned square planar geometries with mutually trans phosphines, with the tridentate ligand coordinated to the metal through the amide nitrogen and both phosphine centres. The amino phosphine dichlorides, [MCI 2NH(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] (M = Ni, Pd, Pt) are prepared from the free ligand. The nickel derivative, [NiCl 2NH(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2], has been shown by crystallographic analysis to have a very distorted tetrahedral geometry; no interaction between the NH moiety and the nickel centre i s observed. Reaction of these amino phosphines with t r i e t h y l amine cleanly produces the corresponding amido phosphines. [NiClN(SiMe 2CH 2PPh 2) 2] reacts at low temperatures with Grignards or alkyl lithium reagents to y i e l d a series of hydrocarbyl complexes |
72068810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-03-09T14:02:54.561Z | 2010-09-01T00:00:00.000Z | Endothelial involvement indicates disease activity in Herpes simplex virus keratitis
Purpose Corneal endotheliitis is a potentially sight‐threatening clinical manifestation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. Early detection and consequent treatment may prevent development of endothelial decompensation. The goal of this previously published study was to describe the morphological features, frequency, and clinical consequences of endothelial involvement in HSV keratitis as seen by in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). |
35980810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:03:05.187Z | 1984-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | [Ambiguous action of splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice on the formation of metastases in the lungs of mice in an adaptive transfer system].
The growth of the syngeneic tumor MMT1 in C3H of mice was accompanied by significant changes in the spleen weight and in the number of nucleated cells in the spleen. Tumor excision led to the reduction of these indicators to the initial level. Adoptive transfer of splenocytes from tumor-bearing to intact mice exerted an inhibitory (on days 5, 14) or stimulatory (on day 25) action on the development of experimental metastases in intact animals depending on the tumor growth time. The result of splenocyte transfer from the operated on mice depended on the presence or absence in donors of tumor growth relapses (the development of lung metastases was inhibited only by splenocytes from donors with tumor relapses). Splenocyte transfer from mutant nude mice, both tumor-bearing and intact, produced an equipotent inhibitory effect. It is suggested that different mechanisms may be responsible for the development of metastasis inhibition in normal tumor-bearing mice and in tumor-bearers with T-cell system immunity deficiency. |
40118310 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T04:42:48.758Z | 2000-06-01T00:00:00.000Z | DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGES
An 11-year-old African American girl presented to the ophthalmology clinic with a 2-month history of progressive vision loss with no associated discomfort. Her medical history for the past 8 months is notable for fatigue, decreased appetite, a 10-pound weight loss, left-sided temporal headaches, shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, intermittent abdominal pain, diarrhea, muscle aches, night sweats, and subjective fevers. The patient’s recent history is also notable for rhinorrhea and mild coughing productive of yellow sputum in the past 2 weeks, 3 episodes of emesis in the past week, and occasional erythematous and pruritic skin rashes on her trunk and limbs that began 8 months ago. The patient’s medical history was otherwise noncontributory, with normal development, up-to-date on immunizations, and currently on no medications except for a daily multivitamin. The patient’s family history was positive for thyroid disease and ankylosing spondylitis in distant relatives. In the examination room, the patient seemed cachectic and tachypneic as well as agitated. On examination, visual acuity was 20/400 in the right eye and count fingers at 1 foot in the left eye. The pupils were minimally reactive. Intraocular pressures were 19 mmHg in the right eye and 15 mmHg in the left eye. Extraocular movements were grossly intact. Visual fields were diminished to confrontation in both eyes. Anterior segment examination demonstrated 1 to 2+ flare in the anterior segment and a rare cell in both eyes. Irides were within normal limits and her lenses were clear. Posterior segment examination demonstrated 1+ cell of the vitreous in both eyes. Dilated fundoscopic examination revealed hyperemic optic nerves with neovascularization of both disks. The vessels were dilated and tortuous in both eyes with marked whitening of the arterioles. There were peripapillary cotton wool spots in both posterior poles. The maculae were edematous and had subfoveal exudates (Figure 1). Fundus fluorescein angiography in the right eye and in the left eye (Figure 2) demonstrated neovascularization of the disk, macula ischemia, and occlusion of retinal arteries in both eyes. Hyperfluorescence of the vessels consistent with vasculitis was evident. The patient’s clinical and ophthalmic presentation was highly suggestive of a systemic process with an associated retinal vasculitis and, thus, an urgent admission to pediatrics clinic was arranged. As part of the initial work-up, complete blood count showed white blood cell count of 10.7 · 1000, hemoglobin of 13.1 g/dL, hematocrit of 40.9%, and an elevated platelet count of 460 · 1000. Comprehensive metabolic panel was significant for an elevated protein level of 8.4 g/dL, low albumin level of 2.4 g/dL, and an elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase levels of 111 IU/mL and 98 IU/mL, respectively. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was .119 mm/hour, brain natriuretic peptide was elevated at 143.2 pg/mL, and serum lysozyme was elevated at 13.8 mg/mL. Quantitative immunoglobulins revealed an elevated immunoglobulin G of 2958 mg/dL and an elevated immunoglobulin M of 204 mg/dL. Cryoglobulins were positive (type II/III). Further investigations were all negative for the following: hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis (TB), lyme disease, toxoplasmosis, Bartonella henselae, sarcoidosis (serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and lysozyme), lupus (antinuclear antibody, anti–double-stranded DNA, anti-Smith, lupus inhibitor), scleroderma (anti-Scl-70 and anticentromere), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (anti–beta 2 glycoprotein and anticardiolipin antibodies), and antibodies against proteinase 3 and myeloperoxidase (anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies) for vasculitides. Complement protein (C3 and C4) and neopterin concentrations were normal. Sickle cell screen was negative. Further work-up included the following: An initial chest x-ray was normal but another x-ray 4 days later demonstrated atelectasis and an enlarged cardiac silhouette. Electrocardiogram showed sinus tachycardia. Echocardiogram was normal but pulmonary pressures were unable to be calculated. Pulmonary function tests were suggestive of obstructive disease (forced vital capacity, 18%) and very low diffusion capacity. Computed tomography angiography of the chest demonstrated dilation of pulmonary arteries concerning for pulmonary hypertension. Computed tomography of the chest demonstrated septal thickening and atelectasis. Magnetic resonance angiography and magnetic resonance venography of the brain were negative for vascular disease and venous thrombosis. She has not had tissue biopsy performed. Given the clinical concern for permanent vision loss from severe vasculitis leading to retinal nonperfusion, the patient was initiated on the immunosuppressants. Prednisone 80 mg two times a day was |
21510910 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-18T13:27:51.627Z | 2010-07-11T00:00:00.000Z | Phase space reconstruction and prediction of multivariate chaotic time series
In order to obtain the effective input vector for the prediction of multivariate time series, method of joint entropy determine the dimension(JEDD) is proposed in the reconstructed phase space. For multivariate chaotic time series, Firstly, determine the delay time of each variate with mutual information method, and then propose the algorithm that determines the embedding dimension of phase space by the joint entropy. The algorithm could choose the reconstructed components based on the maximum entropy principle, continuously expand phase space to make the amount of the information of reconstructed components as much as the system, which could eliminate the redundancy of phase space. The numerical experiments show that the neutral network prediction in the reconstructed phase space by JEDD is much better than univariate time series prediction and existing multiple variable predictions. |
33521160 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T02:26:17.122Z | 2006-11-01T00:00:00.000Z | Comparison of anxiety between smokers and nonsmokers with acute myocardial infarction.
BACKGROUND
Increased anxiety correlates with increased complications after acute myocardial infarction. Anxiety levels and use of anxiolytic agents have not been compared between smokers and nonsmokers hospitalized because of acute myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVES
To compare anxiety level, sociodemographic factors, and clinical variables between smokers and nonsmokers hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction and to examine predictors of use of beta-blockers and anxiolytic agents among smokers and nonsmokers.
METHODS
Secondary data analysis of a prospective multisite study on anxiety in 181 smokers and 351 nonsmokers with acute myocardial infarction. Anxiety was measured by using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the anxiety subscale of the Basic Symptom Inventory within 72 hours of admission.
RESULTS
Smokers reported higher anxiety levels than nonsmokers reported on both anxiety scales. Female smokers reported the highest anxiety and peak pain levels of all, yet women were the least likely to receive anxiolytic agents. Smoking status was not a predictor for anxiety level when sex, peak pain, use of beta-blockers in the hospital, and age were controlled for. However, smokers were twice as likely as nonsmokers to receive an anxiolytic agent and 60% more likely to receive a beta-blocker in the emergency department, and smokers were 80% more likely than nonsmokers to receive an anxiolytic agent during hospitalization when these variables were controlled.
CONCLUSIONS
Older female smokers are at risk for complications because they are older than their male counterparts and less likely to receive beta-blockers and antianxiety medications in the emergency department. |
14629810 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2016-02-02T08:36:57.578Z | 2014-10-03T00:00:00.000Z | Carbon-Doped Boron Nitride Nanomesh: Stability and Electronic Properties of Adsorbed Hydrogen and Oxygen
Atomic or molecular preferential adsorption on a surface template provides a facile and feasible means of fabricating ordered low-dimensional nanostructures with tailored functionality for novel applications. In this study, we demonstrate that functionality of C-doped BN nanomesh can be tailored by an external electric field which modifies the strength of the adsorbate binding to the nanomesh. Specifically, selective binding of H, O, H2, and O2 at various sites of the C-doped nanomesh—within the pore, on the wire, and at an intermediate site—is investigated with density functional theory. The calculated results find that atomic species are bound, but the molecular species are not bound to the nanomesh. We have shown that it is possible to modify the adsorbate binding energy with the application of an external field, such that the molecular H2 can be bound at the pore region of the nanomesh. Interestingly, the work function of the nanomesh has a close correlation with the adsorbate binding energy with the ... |
1362460 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2015-03-12T23:57:50.000Z | 2010-02-01T00:00:00.000Z | Automatic recognition of repeating patterns in rectified facade images
Building facades typically consist of multiple similar tiles which are arranged quite strictly in grid-like structures. The proposed method takes advantage of translational symmetries and is able to analyze and segment facades into tiles assuming that there are horizontal and vertical repetitions of similar tiles. In order to solve this quite complex computer vision task efficiently a Monte Carlo approach is presented which samples only selected image features. This method, which is meant to be a preprocessing step for more sophisticated tile segmentation and window identification in urban reconstruction tasks, is able to robustly identify orthogonal repetitive patterns on rectified facade images even if they are partially occluded, shadowed, blurry or otherwise damaged. Additionally, the algorithm is very running time efficient because neither quality of results nor the computational complexity are significantly depending on the image size. |
247855260 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-04-02T06:23:33.647Z | 2022-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Feeling good without doing good: Comment on Orth and Robins (2022).
Reviewing the literature of the past two decades, Orth and Robins (2022) conclude that high self-esteem yields reliable benefits. In this commentary, we caution that for objective outcome measures, these effects are variable- and domain-dependent. The allure of high self-esteem remains largely a matter of mind and memory, not behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved). |
114009310 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-12-23T20:13:56.403Z | 2017-03-06T00:00:00.000Z | An ASIC for fast single photon counting in the LHCb RICH upgrade
The LHCb experiment will be upgraded during the second LHC long shutdown (years 2019–2020) to operate at higher luminosity. The new triggerless architecture of LHCb requires data from the entire detector to be read out at 40 MHz. The basic element of the front-end electronics of the Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) detector upgrade is the “Elementary Cell” (EC), a readout system for multianode photomultiplier tubes designed to minimise parasitic capacitance at the anodes, to obtain a fast readout with low noise and low crosstalk. At the heart of the EC is the CLARO, an 8 channel, low power and radiation hard front-end ASIC designed in 0.35 μm CMOS technology. Each channel compares the charge signals from the photomultiplier anodes with a programmable threshold, and gives a digital pulse at the output when the threshold is exceeded. Baseline recovery occurs in less than 25 ns for typical single photon signals. In the LHCb RICH upgrade environment, the chips will have to withstand radiation up to a total ionising dose of 2 kGy (200 krad) and neutron and hadron fluences up to 03×112 cm−2 and following irradiation, the chips have been shown to tolerate such doses with a margin of safety. |
148897760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-11T13:04:31.688Z | 1985-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Book Review: Archaeology as Human Ecology: Method and Theory for a Contextual Approach
Butzer's vision is never mean and his books are always enjoyable and rewarding to read. His Environment and archaeology continues to be an important text, and his latest book certainly deserves to be successful. The paperback edition is exceUent value. However, we suspect that this textbook wiU be less useful in some areas than others. Its good pomts are many. The text is concise; the ideas and themes are cogently expressed; the diagrams are delightfuUy clear even when they portray rather complex information. of hope; Challenge for change; Pole of power reveal that Watson is not following the usual tack. In them he emphasizes the human occupance of the envhonment through history, commonly quoting contemporary views of past landscapes. The 'Habitation of hope' deals with European settlement as it spread across the huge country with its different regional environments over a period of rapidly changing technology. 'Challenge for change' is devoted to the American Indian, not simply in terms of theh hfe before European contact, but particularly the changes in it made by European occupation. 'Pole of power' is a historical-pohtical geography of the relentless expansion of American control across the continent in the face of the presence of England, France, Spain, Russia and later Canada and Mexico. The regional treatment is very simple. The country is divided into four regions the industrialized north and northeast, the south, the midwest and Great Plains, and the west. Like other geographers Watson finds a problem in the mix of industry and agriculture in the midwest and chooses to treat the industry of the region with the northeast and the agriculture with Great Plains, but his aim is not to deal with regions for theh own sake, but to show how they fh into the larger national scene. The concluding chapter deals with the present and future of the country in terms of the American dream which, for him, is centred on the individual. This theme is seen against the changing population of the country its declining growth, increasing age, changing composition because of hnmigration, and metropohtanization — and the changing pattern of land and resource use and, finaUy, the geographical impact of the federal government. The chapter closes with a look at American power and responsibihty in the world. There are the usual ghtches found in books written by those removed from the scene such as placing Carnegie HaU in Washington, when Constitution HaU was meant, but they are prhnarily the result of the tremendously rich attention to detaiUng his story. His one or two-page treatments of large American metropohtan areas give the reader a better understanding of the character of each city and the rationale of its growth than most of the volumes in the ambitious American cities essays by the best urban geographers in the country. The volume is not for the neophyte; it is best enjoyed by those interested in geographic interpretation at its best. As a textbook much of its sophistication may be lost on those students not reaUy famihar with fundamentals of the country. It is not designed for multiple-choice exams. But it should be requhed readmg for aU courses where students are wrestling with geographic thought and the perspectives of geography. Here is a display of the essence of regional geography. |
144686760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-11-01T19:41:41.292Z | 2005-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | The Effects of Volunteering on the Physical and Mental Health of Older People
The purpose of this study is to build on the growing body of literature examining the correlations between volunteering and health among older persons. Longitudinal data from the 1993 and 2000 panels of the Asset and Health Dynamics Among the Oldest Old Study (AHEAD) were used to measure health and mental health outcomes of people over age 70 who volunteered at least 100 hours in 1993. The findings provide empirical support to earlier claims that volunteering slows the decline in self-reported health and functioning levels, slows the increase in depression levels, and improves mortality rates for those who volunteer. However, volunteering had no effect on the number of physician-diagnosed health conditions or nursing home residence rates. The findings provide support for the concept of role enhancement. |
10848510 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:17:55.837Z | 2014-03-04T00:00:00.000Z | [Cpx two-component regulatory system in gram-negative bacteria--a review].
Bacteria predominantly adapt to environmental changes to ensure their growth and proliferation through one-component, two-component and three-component regulatory systems. Conjugative pilus expression (Cpx) system is one of the two-component regulatory systems in gram-negative bacteria. It is composed of the membrane-anchored sensor kinase CpxA, the cytosolic responding regulator CpxR and the accessory protein CpxP in the periplasm. In this review, the components of the Cpx system and their structural characteristics were introduced and the latest research on Cpx signal integration was summarized. Further attempts to better understand the mechanisms were also proposed. |
99701610 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-08T13:13:16.098Z | 2017-05-01T00:00:00.000Z | Pre-organized oligofunctional ligands based on rctt-C-naphthyl-resorcinarene: Synthesis and complex formation
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Synthesis of pre-organized oligofunctional ligands based on ortho-methyl-tetra-C-naphthyl-resorcinarene existing in the chair conformation was carried out. By selective modification derivatives differing in the nature of functional groups immobilized on the horizontal and vertical benzene rings of resorcinarene skeleton were obtained. The abilities of the synthesized compounds to form complexes with d-, f-elements and organic amines were considered. |
97279460 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-06T13:03:25.059Z | 1975-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | X‐ray microradiography in the scanning electron microscope or microanalyser
A technique is described which enables microradiographic examination to be carried out in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or X‐ray microanalyser. Comparison can readily be made between the radiographic image, a conventional scanning electron image or X‐ray image. A wide range of materials have been examined in a Cambridge Scientific Instruments Microanalyser Mark 1 and a Stereoscan S1 scanning electron microscope and a resolution of 1 μm has been consistently achieved. |
17839910 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-13T22:34:51.756Z | 2010-05-07T00:00:00.000Z | Investigating the Use of Semantic-Based Websites to Improve Recommendation Quality
In this paper, we aim to investigate the use of semantic-based websites to improve recommendation quality by testing a knowledge based recommendation system whose results completely depends on the product descriptions, on two different databases. In one of our relational MySQL databases, product descriptions are stored in form of RDF files and in the other one the data is stored in human language. We show that, the RS results are more accurate and intelligent when it is working with the semantic based database that stores product information in form of RDF graphs. Since, the welldefined data can help the recommendation system to analyze an extract the data better and make "smart" decisions. |
15651160 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 1999-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Trigonometric splines and geometric continuity of surfaces
Trigonometric splines are introduced as a tool for description of a sm ooth surface in a neighbourhood of a common corner of patches being the surface components. This description, develop d for the case of curvature continuity, significantly narrows the gap between the necessary and known sufficient condi ions of compatibility of partial derivatives. |
228086110 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2020-12-11T14:32:15.195Z | 2020-09-27T00:00:00.000Z | Designing an Ergonomic Bathroom for Elderly
Generally, the elderly face a decline in physical, psychomotor, and sensory abilities. As a result of those changing conditions, the elderly have different needs compared to those who are younger. Most of the facilities in elderly homes still use the same design for adults in general, not specifically designed for the elderly, including bathrooms. Based on related literature studies, it was found that the number of accidents in the bathroom by the elderly continues to increase every year and older women have a higher risk of falling than men. Therefore, this research was conducted to produce an ergonomic bathroom design for older women. The research flow used in this study was adapted from 4 phases in the Design Process by Hanington & Martin (2019). To evaluate the design result, a target users’ feedback data collection and virtual posture analysis using the RULA, OWAS, and LBA methods were conducted. The results show that all respondents were satisfied with the final design after going through the refinement phases and there are no problems in all postures tested when carrying out various activities in the final design. |
29895260 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T01:34:43.486Z | 2003-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Cure of Barrett's carcinoma by ifosfamide chemotherapy.
The prognosis of patients with oesophageal cancer is poor, with an overall 5-year survival rate below 15%. The best chance for cure of patients with oesophageal cancer is surgical resection. However, more than 50% of patients have inoperable disease and can only be palliated for dysphagia. Some of these patients participate in studies investigating the activity of single-agent or combination chemotherapy. We report a patient who was cured of metastatic adenocarcinoma in Barrett’s oesophagus by six courses of ifosfamide, a chemotherapeutic agent with little or no activity in other patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or gastro-oesophageal junction. After a follow-up of 13 years and 7 months, no evidence of tumour recurrence was found, while biopsies from the Barrett’s oesophagus revealed only low-grade dysplasia. This case obviously raises the question as to how patients with inoperable oesophageal carcinoma can sometimes be cured by chemotherapy alone. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 14:1261–1264 & 2002 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins |
248242360 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-04-20T06:25:14.428Z | 2022-04-18T00:00:00.000Z | Metabolomic Identification of a Novel, Externally Validated Predictive Test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract Context Undiagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a major preventable cause of stillbirth. In the United Kingdom, women are selected for diagnostic testing for GDM based on risk factors, including body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2. Objective To improve the prediction of GDM using metabolomics. Methods We performed metabolomics on maternal serum from the Pregnancy Outcome Prediction (POP) study at 12 and 20 weeks of gestational age (wkGA; 185 GDM cases and 314 noncases). Predictive metabolites were internally validated using the 28 wkGA POP study serum sample and externally validated using 24- to 28-wkGA fasting plasma from the Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort (349 GDM cases and 2347 noncases). The predictive ability of a model including the metabolites was compared with BMI > 30 kg/m2 in the POP study. Results Forty-seven predictive metabolites were identified using the 12- and 20-wkGA samples. At 28 wkGA, 4 of these [mannose, 4-hydroxyglutamate, 1,5-anhydroglucitol, and lactosyl-N-palmitoyl-sphingosine (d18:1/16:0)] independently increased the bootstrapped area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) by >0.01. All 4 were externally validated in the BiB samples (P = 2.6 × 10−12, 2.2 × 10−13, 6.9 × 10−28, and 2.6 × 10−17, respectively). In the POP study, BMI > 30 kg/m2 had a sensitivity of 28.7% (95% CI 22.3-36.0%) and a specificity of 85.4% whereas at the same level of specificity, a predictive model using age, BMI, and the 4 metabolites had a sensitivity of 60.2% (95% CI 52.6-67.4%) and an AUC of 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.86). Conclusions We identified 4 strongly and independently predictive metabolites for GDM that could have clinical utility in screening for GDM. |
153102060 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-14T13:58:57.992Z | 2000-04-01T00:00:00.000Z | Nowhere Motel, Light beyond Being
and therefore inevitably encourages moral virtue—or, if the college is a Nowhere Motel, vice. Since Aristotle and recent research on the human brain indicate that, throughout the college years, reason gains power to influence behavior, college is a logical place to study virtue. Many characteristics of college students suggest areas for attention to the teaching of moral virtue; but the essence of college is the development of intellectual virtue, which influences moral virtue. College teachers teach intellectual virtue through their approach to their subject, their conducting of the game or ritual of the classroom, and their moving back and forth between fact and spirit. Because the strongest intellectual virtues can go the most profoundly wrong, Socrates and Confucius suggest that, with the exceptionally gifted, the teacher keep in mind the Good, thought of as a light beyond being. Virtue is inevitably taught in college because real learning is learning to love, and love shapes virtue. |
13572410 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:38:39.023Z | 2008-08-01T00:00:00.000Z | Agreement between patient-reported symptoms and their documentation in the medical record.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the agreement between patient-reported symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, and cough and the documentation of these symptoms by physicians in the electronic medical record.
METHODS
Symptoms reported on patient-provided information forms between January 1, 2006, and June 30, 2006, were compared with those identified by natural language processing of the text of clinical notes from care providers. Terms that represent the 3 symptoms were used to search clinical notes electronically with subsequent manual identification of the context (eg, affirmative, negated, family history) in which they occurred. Results were reported using positive and negative agreement, and kappa statistics.
RESULTS
Symptoms reported by 1119 patients age 18 years or older were compared with the nonnegated terms identified in their clinical notes. Positive agreement was 74, 70, and 63 for chest pain, dyspnea, and cough, while negative agreement was 78, 76, and 75, respectively. Kappa statistics were 0.52 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44, 0.60) for chest pain, 0.46 (95% CI = 0.37, 0.54) for dyspnea, and 0.38 (95% CI = 0.28, 0.48) for cough. Positive agreement was higher for older men (P >.05), and negative agreement was higher for younger women (P >.05).
CONCLUSIONS
We found discordance between patient self-report and documentation of symptoms in the medical record. This discordance has important implications for research studies that rely on symptom information for patient identification and may have clinical implications that must be evaluated for potential impact on quality of care, patient safety, and outcomes. |
109335660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-12T13:57:11.089Z | 2014-07-22T00:00:00.000Z | Reconfigurable independent multiband CPW‐fed printed F‐antenna for USB applications
A low‐profile compact printed pentaband inverted F‐antenna (IFA) for wireless universal serial bus is presented in this article. The proposed antenna consists of four printed arms capacitive loaded IFA in one side and one parasitic ring slot with open end on the other side. The capacitive plate is added at end of each arm for size reduction. The proposed antenna is designed to operate at long term evaluation band 8, GSM 1800 MHz; Bluetooth 2.4 GHz, WI‐MAX 3.5 GHz, and WLAN 5.2 GHz. PIN diodes are used to reconfigure the operating frequencies by switching ON/OFF modes. The proposed antennas are studied using high frequency structure simulator version 13. The components interaction including housing case, laptop, desk, and chair are studied. The proposed antennas with and without PIN diodes are fabricated. The results show good agreement between simulated and measured results. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2237–2245, 2014 |
89313710 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-01T13:14:52.526Z | 2016-08-30T00:00:00.000Z | Synthesis and structure of novel phosphorylated azomethines
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT The condensation of do-, hexa-, octadecan-1-amines with bromo- and nitrobenzaldehydes yielded a series of Schiff bases in good yields. Subsequent reaction of these compounds with dioctylphosphine oxide yielded phosphorylated azomethines and some were characterized using X-ray crystallography. The structure of the isolated compounds was determined by IR and NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and their thermal stability was studied by simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. All of the synthesized compounds were tested for their antibacterial and anti-Candida activity. A number of the compounds exhibited antimicrobial activity comparable to that of the commercially available drugs, ciprofloxacin and clotrimazole. |
24799910 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:50:38.892Z | 2000-06-15T00:00:00.000Z | Peroxidase-catalyzed formation of quercetin quinone methide-glutathione adducts.
The oxidation of quercetin by horseradish peroxidase/H(2)O(2) was studied in the absence but especially also in the presence of glutathione (GSH). HPLC analysis of the reaction products formed in the absence of GSH revealed formation of at least 20 different products, a result in line with other studies reporting the peroxidase-mediated oxidation of flavonoids. In the presence of GSH, however, these products were no longer observed and formation of two major new products was detected. (1)H NMR identified these two products as 6-glutathionylquercetin and 8-glutathionylquercetin, representing glutathione adducts originating from glutathione conjugation at the A ring instead of at the B ring of quercetin. Glutathione addition at positions 6 and 8 of the A ring can best be explained by taking into consideration a further oxidation of the quercetin semiquinone, initially formed by the HRP-mediated one-electron oxidation, to give the o-quinone, followed by the isomerization of the o-quinone to its p-quinone methide isomer. All together, the results of the present study provide evidence for a reaction chemistry of quercetin semiquinones with horseradish peroxidase/H(2)O(2) and GSH ultimately leading to adduct formation instead of to preferential GSH-mediated chemical reduction to regenerate the parent flavonoid. |
149927660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-12T14:25:00.134Z | 2019-05-24T00:00:00.000Z | Supporting Students With Communication Impairment in Australian Schools: Administering the Obligation to Make Reasonable Adjustment
Abstract In this article, I address the problem that education support for students with communication impairment may be delivered in an inconsistent manner within schools, or school systems, exposing affected students to harm and affected schools to the risk of litigation. Analysis of relevant Australian disability discrimination legislation and related case law demonstrates that there is a legal obligation to make reasonable adjustment for students with communication impairment and that a fair and equitable system may be postulated to administer that obligation. The Australian Government has recently committed to a needs-based funding model for Australian schools but further work needs to be done to establish how resources that flow to schools under that model should best be applied. This article aims to provide some guidance to those who will make decisions within schools about the management of the sometimes scarce and often expensive support resources for students with communication impairment. |
206619960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-11-28T19:54:20.986Z | 1974-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Floating-Point Arithmetic Algorithms in the Symmetric Residue Number System
The residue number system is an integer number system and is inconvenient to represent numbers with fractional parts. In the symmetric residue system, a new representation of floating-point numbers and arithmetic algorithms for its addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are proposed. A floating-point number is expressed as an integer multiplied by a product of the moduli. The proposed system assumes existence of necessary conversion procedures before and after the computation. |
10759610 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-06-18T11:03:51.930Z | 2012-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Diffusion-weighted MRI beyond the central nervous system in children.
Diffusion-weighted imaging has recently been incorporated into extra-neurological pediatric imaging protocols because of its various clinical advantages. Because diffusion-weighted imaging does not require intravenous contrast media, it can be safely used in patients with reduced renal function. Furthermore, diffusion-weighted imaging can be performed within several minutes by using the echo planar imaging technique. Its clinical advantages include improved tissue characterization, as well as the ability to assess organ functionality, monitor the treatment response after chemotherapy or radiation therapy and predict patient outcomes. The aims of this pictorial essay were to explain the physical principles underlying diffusion-weighted imaging, to outline the interpretation of diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient maps, and to list the extra-neurological applications of diffusion- weighted imaging in children. |
27004960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T00:51:44.863Z | 2006-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Caring for children and adolescents in the aftermath of natural disasters
The recent Southeast Asia tsunami confronted countries with the challenge to provide mental healthcare to children and adolescents who experienced loss, displacement and disruption of daily lives. The region that was affected is resource poor, however a great deal could be learned about the needed approaches to care, and the cautions that had to be exercised to avoid doing harm. The experience highlights the need to enhance the capacities for appropriate needs assessment, diagnosis, triage and post-disaster support in terms of schooling and employment. |
46097560 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 2005-06-29T00:00:00.000Z | Röntgen quantum phase shift: a semiclassical local electrodynamical effect?
The Röntgen quantum phase shift is exhibited by the interference of point particles endowed with an electric dipole moment due to their motion relative to a source of the magnetic field. Here we show, using arguments involving the classical concepts of force and its impulse, that the Röntgen phase shift arises within a largely classical (semiclassical) theoretical framework. All the subtleties normally associated with the nonlocality of magnetic (Aharonov-Bohm-type) quantum phase phenomena are uncontroversially absent in the classical treatment. |
205496710 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T05:59:40.913Z | 2015-07-01T00:00:00.000Z | Effect of helix length on the stability of the lac repressor antiparallel coiled coil
The helix length dependence of the stability of antiparallel four‐chain coiled coils is investigated using eight synthetic peptides (Lac21–Lac28) whose sequences are derived from the tetramerization domain of the Lac repressor protein. Previous studies using analytical ultracentrifugation sedimentation equilibrium experiments to characterize Lac21 and Lac28 justifies the use of a two state model to describe the unfolding behavior of these two peptides. Using circular dichroism spectropolarimetry as a measure of tetramer assembly, both chemical and thermal denaturation experiments were carried out to determine thermodynamic parameters. We found that the hydrophobic core residues provide the greatest impact on stability and, as a consequence, must reorganize the register of the antiparallel helices to accommodate the burial of the nonpolar amino acids. Addition of noncore residues appears to have only a minor effect on stability, and in some cases, show a slight destabilization. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 104: 395–404, 2015. |
889960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-10-23T19:23:49.211Z | 2009-08-01T00:00:00.000Z | Inhibition of VEGF or TGF-β Signaling Activates Endothelium and Increases Leukocyte Rolling
Objective—Motivated by the central roles that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β play in the assembly and maintenance of the vasculature, we examined the impact of systemic VEGF or TGF-β signal inhibition on endothelial activation as detected by leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Methods and Results—VEGF or TGF-β inhibition, accomplished using adenovirus expression of soluble Flt1 (Ad-sFlt1) or soluble endoglin (Ad-sEng), resulted in a significant increase in the number of leukocytes rolling along the mesenteric venous endothelium and a significant decrease in rolling velocity in Ad-sEng mice. Neutralization of VEGF or TGF-β resulted in endothelial surface expression of P-selectin and impaired peripheral vasodilatation. Neither inhibition of VEGF nor TGF-β was associated with platelet or leukocyte activation, as detected by the activation markers platelet P-selectin and the active integrin αIIbβIII, or by leukocyte expression of L-selectin. Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 and E-selectin were increased in sEng-expressing mice, indicating higher levels of these adhesion receptors. Conclusions—VEGF or TGF-β neutralization leads to impaired endothelium-mediated vasodilatation and elevated expression of surface adhesion molecules, resulting in increased leukocyte adhesion. These results indicate an essential role for both VEGF and TGF-β in maintaining the endothelium in a nonactivated state and have implications for therapeutic approaches that neutralize VEGF or TGF-β. |
197433610 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-07-18T19:11:15.759Z | 2019-06-14T00:00:00.000Z | Effectiveness of a Robot-Mediated Strategy While Counteracting Multidirectional Slippages
Summary This study investigates the effectiveness of a robot-mediated strategy aimed at promoting balance recovery after multidirectional slippages. Six older adults were asked to manage anteroposterior and mediolateral slippages while donning an active pelvis orthosis (APO). The APO was set up either to assist volunteers during balance loss or to be transparent. The margin of stability, in sagittal and frontal planes, was the main metric to assess the effectiveness of balance recovery. Results showed that the assistive strategy is effective at promoting balance recovery in the sagittal plane, for both perturbing paradigms; however, it is not effective at controlling stability in the frontal plane. |
114637210 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-15T13:07:20.117Z | 2015-05-15T00:00:00.000Z | About this title ‐ Global Heritage Stone: Towards International Recognition of Building and Ornamental Stones
This Geological Society Special Publication is dedicated to heritage stone: those natural stones that have special significance in human culture. Some stones that have had important uses in the past are now neglected because they are no longer extracted. Others are still commercially important, but their heritage uses have not been well documented in widely available sources. The Heritage Stone Task Group of the International Union of Geological Sciences is working to establish a new formal designation of 'Global Heritage Stone Resource' to recognize those stones that have had internationally significant architectural and ornamental uses. The aim is to spread awareness of the cultural heritage aspects of these stones, to help to encourage continued supply for maintenance and repair of important monuments and the preservation of historically important quarries. The aim is neither promote nor limit these stones for new construction: in some cases continuing commercial use might help to ensure future supplies for building conservation purposes. |
142117610 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-02T13:02:06.175Z | 2005-05-01T00:00:00.000Z | Distance Learners: Welcome to Campus!
When Old Dominion University created a summer institute to allow adult distance learning students to enroll in accelerated on-campus courses, typical college transition issues were, at first, left off the schedule. Over the years, the institute has evolved to provide these students with the same kind of personal and academic support needed by their traditional-age peers. |
20007860 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-24T21:17:46.833Z | 2012-12-01T00:00:00.000Z | Adaptive angle quantization index modulation for robust image watermarking
A robust image watermarking scheme based on angle quantization index modulation (AQIM) is proposed. The original AQIM method employs a fixed quantization step-size, which results in poor robustness of the algorithm. In this paper, the quantization step-size in AQIM scheme is adaptively selected using an exponential function. To keep the watermark imperceptible and increase its robustness, the low frequency components of high entropy image blocks are used for data hiding. The analytical error probability and embedding distortion are derived and assessed by simulations on artificial signals. Simulation results show that the proposed method has better performance in comparison with the conventional AQIM and recently proposed methods. |
14611660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2016-01-11T18:29:14.669Z | 2014-01-02T00:00:00.000Z | Automated Essay Scoring Using Incremental Latent Semantic Analysis
Writing has been increasingly regarded by the testers of language tests as an important indicator to assess the language skill of testees. As such tests become more and more popular and the number of testees becomes larger, it is a huge task to score so many essays by raters. So far, many methods have been used to solve this problem and the traditional method is Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA). In this paper, we introduce a new incremental method of LSA to score essays effectively when the dataset is massive. By comparison of the traditional method and our new incremental method, concerning the running time and memory usage, experimental results make it obvious that the incremental method has a huge advantage over the traditional method. Furthermore, we use real corpora of test essays submitted to the MHK test (Chinese Proficiency Test for Minorities), to demonstrate that the incremental method is not only efficient but also effective in performing LSA. The experimental results also show that when using incremental LSA, the scoring accuracy can reach 88.8%. |
204376710 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-09-19T09:09:10.040Z | 2019-09-30T00:00:00.000Z | Emotional Foundations of Creativity
Emotion in the brain generated by subcortical brain circuits provides the foundation for creativity. Creativity is ultimately a higher brain process that is grounded in a variety of primal affective states of mind, mainly of the emotional variety. Of these emotional systems, the brain’s SEEKING system, arises from the medial forebrain bundle, which connects many regions of the lower brainstem and midbrain to the many higher regions of the brain, with especially rich innervation of the medial frontal cortex. This system, often known for prompting curiosity and exploration and giving rewards, is probably the most important brain engine for creativity. Animals share this core, primary emotional system with humans, despite the evolution of massive neocortices that are distinct for human creativity. But there are no intrinsic urges for creativity in the cortex itself. From an affective neuroscience perspective, the study of the emotional system in animal models can significantly serve for understanding the motivational sources of creativity in humans. |
14392660 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 2009-06-01T00:00:00.000Z | On different types of non-additive set multifunctions
In this paper, we study different types of non-additive set multifunctions (such as: uniformly autocontinuous, null-additive, null-null-additive), presenting relationships among them and some of their properties regarding atoms and pseudo-atoms. We also study non-atomicity and non-pseudo-atomicity of regular null-additive set multifunctions defined on the Baire (Borel respectively) δ-ring of a Hausdorff locally compact space and taking values in the family of non-empty closed subsets of a real normed space. |
3572960 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2016-01-13T18:10:52.408Z | 2003-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | n The Search for Cross-Linguistic Invariants and Variation in Language Development
The goal of this chapter is to present some of the interesting and important aspects of cross-linguistic comparisons which can be made between the acquisition of Japanese and of English. We d o not attempt an exhaustive review of the literature (see, for example, Clancy, in press; Iwata, 1979; Murata , 1968, 1972; Sato, 1978 for reviews of the Japanese literature). We focus instead first on the basic theoretical issues underlying the study of language development in general. Then we selectively describe research that seeks invariants as well as interesting variations in the cross-linguistic circumstances of language development in Japanese and in English. Among the areas of child psychology, language development is perhaps one of the least understood by those outside the specialty. Developmental psycholinguists frequently find themselves forced to explain the major issues in the field, even to their colleagues in developmental psychology. This confusion exists in part because the questions asked by linguists (for an immediate example, see Kuno, this volume) ordinarily have considerable influence on the questions asked by developmental psycholinguists. In an interdisciplinary volume such as this, then, it behooves us to consider these issues. Therefore, we should ask why developmental psycholinguists study child language in general and cross-linguistic child language acquisition in particular. Such a discussion is a prerequisite for any consideration of specific research findings from comparative studies of the acquisition of Japanese and of English, the topic That comprises the second part of this chapter. |
154384510 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-16T13:01:22.985Z | 1992-03-01T00:00:00.000Z | Who Paid for the Canadian Welfare State Between 1955-1988?
This paper attempts to examine the impact of state taxation and expenditure activities on Canadian labor and non-labor. Using state expenditure and revenue data for the period 1955-1986, the Canadian transfer ratio is estimated and then it is compared and contrasted with the transfer ratio for the United States. This inter-country comparison also enables us to isolate the influence of a crisis-induced rise in unemployment on the net transfer from arguments that the social wage grew because of the growing power of labor over capital and the state. |
40319210 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T04:47:13.923Z | 1988-08-01T00:00:00.000Z | Recurrent rectal cancer: diagnosis with MR imaging versus CT.
During an 18-month period, a prospective study comparing the findings at computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was conducted on 35 patients who satisfied the following criteria: prior surgery for rectal cancer (11 curative resections, 24 rectal amputations), perineal pain and/or elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, and a soft-tissue mass in the presacral fossa demonstrated at CT. Twenty-two patients had tumor recurrence; 13 patients had only inflammatory changes or radiation fibrosis. At a single examination of each patient (with no reference to prior baseline studies), MR imaging was more accurate than CT, largely because MR imaging was more successful in the distinction of recurrence from fibrosis based on the differences in signal intensity on T2-weighted images. |
9206310 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-04-14T09:59:22.712Z | 1987-08-15T00:00:00.000Z | Characterization of cell lines derived from xenografts of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.
Three human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines (Rh10, Rh18, and Rh28) have been established from three independently derived xenografts. These lines have been characterized as mesenchymal in origin (reactivity to desmin and vimentin antibodies) and as expressing a human fetal muscle surface antigen recognized by monoclonal antibody 5.1 H11. Measurable levels of creatine phosphokinase have been detected in the cell lines. Rh10 and Rh28 exhibit the same chromosomal translocation and express an atypical lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme which may be homologous to those previously reported in other tumor types. The karyotype analysis has confirmed that each cell line was derived from its respective tumor and thus provides a unique model for future investigations. |
96164460 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-05T03:30:26.894Z | 2000-09-01T00:00:00.000Z | Numerical Study of Opposed-Jet H2/Air Diffusion Flame - Vortex Interactions
Abstract We consider the interaction of vortices of different size and strength (vorticity) and a diffusion flame of N2-diluted H2 and air stabilized on an opposed-jet burner. In our direct numerical simulations, which take into account the effects of detailed chemistry and transport, we demonstrate the effects of flame curvature of opposite orientations by placing a vortex on either the air or the fuel side of the diffusion flame. When the flame curvature is convex towards the fuel stream, the flame burns more intensely even at a scalar dissipation rate, X, close to the critical (extinction) value, X c of the flat one-dimensional diffusion flame (for the same composition of the reactant streams). On the other hand, if the flame curvature is convex towards the air stream, the flame weakens and in some cases extinguishes even when the local X is significantly lower than X c. Depending on the curvature orientation, the extinction scalar dissipation rate can vary considerably. This observation raises questions on the common use of a single extinction scalar dissipation rate in many turbulent diffusion flame simulations. Our results indicate that the role of curvature in the transient flame-vortex interaction is similar to what was observed in previous studies of steady curved flames. We also observe that the reignition process following local extinction is two-dimensional. The reignition process observed in our simulations may not be described well by flamelet models (steady or transient) that are based on one-dimensional formulations. |
116423360 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-16T13:29:10.069Z | 2018-12-01T00:00:00.000Z | Theoretical and Experimental Investigations on Transient Run-Up Procedures of Journal Bearings Including Mixed Friction Conditions
This paper focuses on the operating behavior of journal bearings for industrial machinery application during run-ups. For this purpose, a numerical simulation code that is based on a two-dimensional extended and generalized Reynolds equation and a full three-dimensional energy equation, was advanced by a theoretical model considering the effects of mixed friction and warming of journal components during start-up. The mixed friction routine contained the elastic half-spaces model proposed by Boussinesq, which considers the influence of rough surfaces by implementing flow factors and calculates additional stiffness and dissipation in areas with solid interactions. Furthermore, a transient term was added in the energy equation to consider the thermal inertia of journal, and bearing to ensure a realistic heating during run-ups. Results of the prediction were compared to experimental data taken from a special test rig built up for validation procedures. Besides the conventional sensors for temperature, oil flow, and relative motion between shaft and stator, a contact voltage measurement was installed to determine the intensity of mixed friction. The evaluation of experimental data by Stribeck curves, based on a shaft torsion measurement, indicated a significant influence of run-up time on frictional moment. The friction coefficient of the rotor bearing system was strongly influenced by the run-up time. A short run-up time reduced the frictional coefficient in the mixed lubrication regime while the opposite behavior was observed in the hydrodynamic lubrication regime. The numerical code predicted these tendencies in good agreement with experimental data, however, only if the transient energy model was applied. |
249959760 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-06-24T13:01:32.811Z | 2022-07-01T00:00:00.000Z | Bed Head: A Note on the Durability (and Subsequent Potential “Reuse”) of Women’s Hairstyles in Antiquity
Basing her arguments on a modern recreation of women’s elaborate hairstyles worn in ancient Rome, Janet Stephens proposed that such styles were sewn into place, and therefore were durable and comfortable enough to potentially sleep in and wear for successive days. What has been lacking is an ancient attestation to this as actual practice for women in antiquity. I propose that this can be found in Clement of Alexander’s The Instructor. This not only likely demonstrates the veracity of Stephens’ theory, but also has other important implications for the study of female hairstyles. First, this can potentially serve as a welcome corrective to ancient male derogatory rhetoric on the purported excessive time and resources devoted to female hairstyling. Second, this can also perhaps elucidate the lived experience of real women engaged in self-fashioning and the status that was thought to accompany this in antiquity—not only in that such styles may have been available to more women than previously thought, but also in that those who utilized more than one slave to style their hair were showcasing all the more their status, as likely only one attendant was actually required to achieve the desired coiffure. |
11045010 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2015-12-07T19:30:58.999Z | 2013-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Organizational Adoption Of Social Media In The Usa: A Mixed Method Approach
Current literature about organizational adoption of social media mainly focuses on how organizations are using these technologies to interact with customers and other stakeholders. In this paper, we expand this line of research by exploring the internal processes that organizations put in place to support their social media initiatives. Using a mixed methods approach that combines data mining and content analysis techniques, we examine the adoption of social media across multiple industries. To avoid limiting our sample to a specific social media technology, we analysed 20,285 web-based job postings related to social media job, and identified around 9000 companies from those job postings representing all 20 main industries in the USA. Results provide a broader view of social media diffusion across industries, highlight new organizational uses of social media (e.g., social media listening, using social media to engage with industry and media influencers) and provide deeper insight into the internal processes employed by organizations to support their social media initiatives (e.g., develop social media strategies, managing social media platform, developing social media metrics). |
18900860 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2017-02-18T09:49:48.428Z | 2009-07-04T00:00:00.000Z | Effects of Urban Expanion on LUCC - A Case of Guiyang City
Regional land use change has been and will continue to be one of the hugest human impacts on the environment. Based on eight remotely sensed images of Guiyang city from 1973 to 2001, this paper studies the effect of urban sprawl on the land use and land cover of Guiyang in recent three decades. The process and characteristics of urban expansion and the surrounding land use change were analyzed. Besides, the driving mechanisms behind the expansion are also discussed from several aspects. The results show that the urban built-up area was 10.84km2 in 1973 and increased to 60.32km2 in 2001. The built-up increased by 4.56 time and increased averagely by 1.77km2 per year. The increase built-up area originates from different land use type, of which about 59.20% coverted from arable land and about 35.36% coverted from rural area and dependent factory, diggings land and other construction area. Among the driving forces of built-up expansion, the economic development is the fundamental driver of urban land expansion, and the location and topography factor is the natural limiting factors, while the political policy factors and population growth further accelerated the rate of urban land expansion. |
250900710 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2022-07-21T13:37:50.045Z | 1984-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | The Formation, Structure, and Properties of Epoxide Matrices for High-strength Composites
The results of studies of the kinetics and thermodynamics of the formation, and the structure and properties, of epoxide cross-linked polymers, carried out in the last 7–8 years in the Institute of Chemical Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, have been reviewed. The molecular, topological, and supermolecular structures of epoxide polymers have been examined, and the relationship between the properties shown by these polymers in the vitreous and rubber-like states and their structure has been analysed. The progress made in the directed modification of the physicomechanical properties of epoxide binding agents have been discussed. The characteristic features of the structure and properties of epoxide polymers formed at the boundary with a solid surface have been examined. The bibliography contains 136 references. |
2516650 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T03:18:51.125Z | 1996-10-15T00:00:00.000Z | Acyclothymidine alleviates intestinal toxicity of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine without loss of antitumor activity in mice.
To reduce the intestinal toxicity of orally administered 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) in mice, we co-administered 5'-DFUR with acyclothymidine [AcyT, 5-methyl-(2'-hydroxyethoxymethyl) uracil], a potent inhibitor of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNPase). Orally administered 5'-DFUR alone caused intestinal toxicity and severe damage to the intestinal villi, while 5'-DFUR with AcyT reduced the intestinal toxicity, and prevented damage to the intestinal villi. This toxicity arising from orally administered 5'-DFUR could not be reduced by intravenous administration of AcyT, but was alleviated by oral administration. Orally co-administered AcyT showed little effect on antitumor activity of 5'-DFUR toward subcutaneously implanted Lewis lung carcinoma, though the intestinal toxicity was reduced in the tumor-bearing mice. This finding suggests that orally co-administered AcyT may prevent the undesirable conversion of 5'-DFUR to 5-FU by PyNPase during the process of absorption in the intestinal tract. |
153153750 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-05-14T14:04:01.169Z | 2003-12-01T00:00:00.000Z | Credit cards and interest rates: theory and institutional factors--a critical view
When the government issues its own nonconvertible currency--also known as a flexible exchange rate policy--the central bank, as monopoly supplier of net reserves to its member banks, is the (exogenous) source of the risk-free yield curve. Furthermore, in the case of government member bank deposit insurance, the banking system is in no case reserve-constrained. In the context of Professor Stauffer's paper, this renders his entire analysis of available funds and demand for balances inapplicable. Only with a fixed exchange rate regime, such as a gold standard, a currency board, or government "peg" of some sort, are interest rates endogenous and subject to the forces Stauffer alludes to. |
111952300 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 2011-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Fuel Adulteration in Nigeria and its Consequencies.
Adulteration of petrol and diesel fuel with kerosene is very common in Nigeria. It increases the tailpipe emissions of harmful pollutants from vehicles. These leads to this study, which tends to show the rate of emission of CO (carbon II oxide) and PM (Particulate matters) from engines when they are run on adulterated fuel. Also the effects of adulteration on the environment and on human health were discussed and possible solutions to combat adulteration of fuel highlighted. |
136438250 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-29T13:17:04.153Z | 2017-06-01T00:00:00.000Z | Shear Failure of Patched Reinforced Concrete Beam without Web Reinforcements
Degradation of reinforced concrete (RC) element could lead to a reduction of its strength and serviceability. The degradation may be identified in the form of spalling of concrete cover. For the case of RC beam, spalling of concrete cover could occur at the web of the shear span due to corrosion of the web reinfocements. The shear strength of the damaged-RC beam possibly will become less conservative compared to the corresponding flexural strength with a risk of brittle failure. Patch repair could be a choice to recover the size and strength of the damaged-RC beam. This research investigates the shear failure of patched RC beam without web reinforcements with a particular interest to compare the shear failure behaviour of patched RC beam and normal RC beam. The patch repair material used in this research was unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) mortar. The results indicate that the initial diagonal cracks leading to shear failure of patched RC beam occur at a lower level of loading. However, the patched RC beam could carry a greater load before the diagonal crack propagates in length and width causing the beam to fail in shear. |
16109800 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2014-10-01T00:00:00.000Z | 2004-01-01T00:00:00.000Z | Multi-view Configuration of Flight Dynamic Playback
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have proven to be highly capable in reconnaissance and intelligence gathering, as well as a possible future operation platform for weapons. Currently UAVs are supervised or piloted remotely, meaning that their behavior is not autonomous throughout the flight [1]. Consequently, instructions are being passed to the UAVs commanding the maneuvers to execute and perform to pursue their adversary or to evade being targeted. In recent years, the security level of these aircrafts has become a critical issue because these aircraft are used for combat missions and other secure operations. For this reason and many others, designing a dual display of the pursuer/evader of UAVs using a flight simulator and displaying in a singular window, appears to be a good idea. In this paper, we give a description of how the data is being collected and transformed into friendly data for viewing its actual maneuvers as a three dimension weapon using a flight simulator and why it is important and safe to do so. |
122882800 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2019-04-20T13:08:57.877Z | 2010-01-22T00:00:00.000Z | Cavity-hollow cathode-sputtering source for titanium films
Abstract A cavity-hollow cathode was investigated as low-cost sputtering source for titanium. An argon discharge is produced inside a hollow cathode consisting of two specifically formed disks of titanium. An additional cavity further enhances the pendulum effect of the electrons. Measurements with small Langmuir probes yielded evidence for the formation of a space charge double layer above the cathode. The sputtered atoms form negatively charged clusters. After further acceleration by the double layer the clusters impinge on the substrates. Titanium thin films were produced on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite. The films were investigated by a scanning tunnel microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. |
42826750 | s2ag/train | v2 | 2018-04-03T05:26:26.019Z | 2013-02-01T00:00:00.000Z | [Direct secretory expression of active microbial transglutaminase in Pichia pastoris].
Direct secretory expression of active microbial transglutaminase (MTG) using heterologous hosts is a promising strategy, although its production level still needs to be improved for industrial production. Pichia pastoris is one of the most efficient expression systems developed in recent years. In this study, secretory expression of active MTG was successfully achieved by co-expressing the pro sequence and mature MTG genes in P. pastoris. Furthermore, we optimized the copy number of pro/MTG expression cassettes and the fermentation conditions. MTG production level reached 7.3 U/mL in 1-liter fermentor through high density fermentation, providing the feasiblity for industrial scale preparation of MTG. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.