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|---|---|---|---|
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an emulsion forming molecule?
|
[
"They are amphiphilic.",
"They act as detergents.",
"They form dricelles.",
"They are amphipatic."
] |
C
|
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|
At what temperature is the DNA double helix denatured in PCR?
|
[
"54 o C",
"95 o C",
"60 o C",
"75 o C"
] |
B
|
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|
(Table 2) Oncogenes do not encode for:
|
[
"Trans-membrane protein receptors",
"Growth factors",
"Cytoplasmic G-proteins and protein kinases",
"DNA-dependent RNA polymerase"
] |
D
|
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|
For certain foods, the GI should be interpreted with caution because
|
[
"low GI foods can contain lots of sucrose",
"it is irrelevant to consider the GI of meat",
"foods made with milk are low GI because lactose is half glucose",
"the grain type used to make white bread can vary"
] |
B
|
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|
There are 3 main differences between FAD and NAD, please consider these 3 statements shown below:
|
[
"FAD uses complex II, whereas NAD uses complex I.",
"NAD contains a enzyme active site, whereas FAD doesn't.",
"The reduced form of FAD is FADH 2 , whereas NAD in reduced form doesn't",
"A,B,C are correct"
] |
D
|
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|
Which of the following commonly perpetuated myths about diet and exercise is true:
|
[
"Walking is the best way to lose fat as it primarily uses fatty acids after initial glucose consumption.",
"Cardio is the best form of exercise for your metabolism as it increases the energy expenditure.",
"Woman oxidise more fat than men during aerobic exercise",
"Sprinting only utilises glycogen stores and has no impact on fatty acid metabolism"
] |
C
|
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|
Antioxidant Physical exercise increases free-radical production in active skeletal muscles, responsible for oxidative damage to cells, and contributes to muscular fatigue during prolonged exercise. Free-radical is unstable, therefore highly reactive and promote oxidative damage to proteins, lipids and DNA i.e. causing oxidative damaged. This may lead to cellular dysfunction and cell death. James starts getting serious in exercise for his dreamy six-pack. He uses antioxidant supplements because he thought that with increase physical exercise and increase free-radical production in his body, he also needs to increase his antioxidant intake to balance things out; as well. Also because he wants to get his dreamy six-pack as fast as possible, antioxidant will increase his endurance hence more exercise could be done in each day. What is the most likely reason that his choice of antioxidant supplement intake is a good choice/ uncalled for?
|
[
"It is a good choice. Because without increase antioxidant consumption, it is very likely that free-radical will damage proteins, lipids and/or DNA in his body.",
"It is a good choice. Because dietary antioxidant together with endogenous antioxidant system will form a united antioxidant network in muscle fibers therefore more efficient in protecting muscle against exercise-induced oxidative damage and fatigue.",
"It is uncalled for. Because endogenous antioxidant will be enough to balance the free-radical produced from exercise.",
"It is uncalled for. Because exercise might cause cells to produce more free-radical, but it also will produce more endogenous antioxidant, and with natural dietary antioxidant intake (e.g. in orange), there won’t be ill effect on the body."
] |
D
|
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|
What is a process NOT used inEukaryotic translation?
|
[
"Initiation",
"Elongation",
"Relocation",
"Termination"
] |
C
|
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|
Which of the following statements is true about the regulation of metabolic pathway?
|
[
"Most of the metabolic pathways are not regulated",
"Most of the metabolic pathways are regulated",
"Regulation of metabolic pathways always involves changing the amount of enzymes",
"Metabolic regulation always depends on control by hormones"
] |
B
|
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|
The structure of DNA is closely related to its biological function. Which of the following statements regarding the structure of DNA is correct?
|
[
"All base pairs interact by forming three hydrogen bonds.",
"DNA is comprised of nucleotide subunits each containing a base, a ribose sugar and a phosphate group.",
"The double helix of DNA is stabilized by interactions between adjacent ribose sugars.",
"Each DNA sequence folds into a unique and complex three-dimensional structure."
] |
B
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|
Person A is a vegan, however they do not have a large variety of food in their diet, and such has been losing an excessive amount of weight. Person B has a well rounded diet that includes meats and eggs and has been able to maintain a healthy weight. What could potentially be
|
[
"Person A has all the required amino acids and Person B as amino acids in excess",
"Both people have an excessive amount of amino acids",
"Person A is lacking in amino acids, and Person B has the required amounts of amino acids",
"Person A has some amino acids in excess and person B is lacking essential amino acids to gain weight"
] |
C
|
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|
Mr. Green, 60, who has been told that he needs to lose weight and in particular control the cholesterol level in his blood, otherwise his health will be threatened. Which way is the best to help Mr. Green?
|
[
"Immediately become a vegan, no more meat.",
"Reduce the amount of full fat milk, butter and sausages in meals.",
"Include food that contains high amount of phytosterols to inhibit cholesterol, such as walnuts, vegetable, fruits and legumes, in total at least 1 kg per day to reduce cholesterol as fast as possible.",
"Most of the cholesterol is produced in the body, not from the intake of food, he just needs to change dietary habit and do more exercise, but he can keep smoking."
] |
B
|
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|
Select the correct answer for the following statement. Chylomicrons are small fat globules composed of protein and lipids used to transport ____(A)_____ from the intestine to the liver via the ______(B)______. The liver is an excellent organ that plays a pivotal role in glucose uptake and regulation. A unique feature of the liver is that it contains _____(C)_____ which are very active and abundant, these transporters are used to take-up ______(D)_____ from the bloodstream. This process is also assisted by a special hexokinase called ______(E)______ which rapidly converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, and it is also not inhibited by a build-up of glucose-6-phosphate. An increased amount of glucose-6-phosphate can activate glycogen synthase _______(F)______ to make glycogen.
|
[
"(A) Glucose (B) Hepatic portal vein (C) GLUT-4 transporters (D) Glucose (E) Special hexokinase (F) Only in the presence of insulin",
"(A) Fatty acids (B) Hepatic portal vein (C) GLUT-2 transporters (D) Glucose (E) Glucokinase (F) Only in the presence of insulin",
"(A) Fatty acids (B) Lymphatic system (C) GLUT-4 transporters (D) Glucose (E)Transglutaminase (F) Even in the absence of insulin",
"(A) Fatty acids (B) Hepatic portal vein (C) GLUT-2 transporters (D) Glucose (E) Glucokinase (F) Even in the absence of insulin"
] |
D
|
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|
Polymerase Chain Reaction is commonly used to isolate distinguish VNTRs between different people. Which of the following is an advantage of using PCR over other processes?
|
[
"Uses very low amounts of DNA",
"Finds information about target sequence",
"Contamination is unlikely to occur",
"All of the above"
] |
A
|
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|
The components of a computer including the devices (such as a printer), hard-drive and RAM storage can be said to be analogous to the information storage components in a cell; the DNA, RNA and protein. Given this analogy, and thinking about which parts of the computer these cell components are similar to, choose the most correct answer from the following.
|
[
"DNA is like the hard-drive of the computer as different computers, like every different cell in your body, contains different information stored in their DNA so they are able to perform the different purposes needed.",
"While it is impossible for information to be sent directly from the hard-drive to devices such as printer, this is a point the metaphor breaks as it is possible for information to be sent from DNA directly to protein.",
"Information can never flow from DNA to RNA, only from DNA to RNA in the same sense that information in the computer is coordinated from hard-drive to RAM storage and not the opposite way around.",
"In the same way that there are more errors in external devices, than in the hard-drive, DNA replication is more free from errors than the process of translation."
] |
D
|
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|
Which statement about glycolysis is false?
|
[
"Two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are formed in thepreparatory phase. This requires two ATP molecules for energy",
"NADH is used in the preparatory phase but not the payoff phase",
"Pyruvate is the end product of the pay off phase. 2 ATP molecules are released in the last step of the payoff phase",
"1-3,biphosphoglycerate is a high energy molecule"
] |
B
|
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|
An athlete competes in a race, sprinting at their maximum speed in the lead. However, 20 seconds through the race they notice themselves slowing down and eventually they finish in second place. Which of the below options could explain their inability to maintain their maximum speed?
|
[
"Glycogen depleted so the body started generating ATP from creatine phosphate.",
"Glycogen depleted so the only options remaining are fatty acids or blood glucose",
"Insulin is produced to breakdown glucose to generate ATP following glycogen depletion.",
"Creatine phosphate was depleted so the body immediately started generating ATP from fatty acids."
] |
B
|
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|
A reduction in ATP consumption will lead to a decrease in fuel oxidation. Which of the following statements relating to the above concept is incorrect?
|
[
"A decrease in ATP hydrolysis will lead to a deceased amount of available ADP.",
"A decreased in the rate of protons passing through the ATPase will lead to a lack of protons in the matrix.",
"With no protons pumping out of the matrix there will be a lot of carrier with H/e-.",
"An increase in fuel oxidation will lead to a decrease in oxygen consumption."
] |
D
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|
Metabolism in relation to a hydroelectric power station.Is a hydroelectric power station constantly releasingelectricity as water is passing through the turbine to activate the electric generator (aka is the power station constantly releasing energy)?
|
[
"Yes, the more electricity that is produced, the faster it will reach electronic devices and speed up their functions.",
"No, electricity is only made on demand from the potentialenergy stored in the reservoir.",
"Yes, because the speed of electricity is reliant on the amount of electricity that is available. So the more electricity the higher the rate of energy.",
"All of the above are false."
] |
B
|
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|
You are trying to create a standard curve, but accidentally take your measurements using a cuvette with a 2cm light path instead of 1cm. What impact does this increased light path have on the equation of your resulting standard curve?
|
[
"The gradient of the curve becomes steeper, or greater, than you expected.",
"The gradient of the curve becomes flatter, or less, than you expected.",
"The gradient of the curve becomes inverted (i.e. negative/ slopes downward instead of upward).",
"No effect."
] |
A
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|
Which of the following is FALSE about alanine?
|
[
"During starvation, muscle proteins break down into glutamate and goes into the blood directly",
"Alanine carries amine group into liver for regeneration of glucose",
"Branched chain amino acids are used to synthesize alanine",
"Alanine transforms into alpha-keto acid during transamination"
] |
A
|
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}
|
Match the following analogy of the silicon IT model to how information is stored in the human body 1. The RAM (transient copy of some of the information) 2. The hard drive (containing a stable copy of information) 3. The Printer (outcome allowing the computer to run)
|
[
"1. RNA 2. DNA 3. Protein",
"1. Protein 2. RNA 3. DNA",
"1. DNA 2. Protein 3. RNA",
"1. Replication 2. Transcription 3. Translation"
] |
A
|
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|
Fill in the blanks: As fat enters the digestive system, the ___________ contracts and squirts bile salts into the __________ . This emulsifies the fats, forming micelles, whilst digestive enzymes begin breaking down triglyceride. ________ lipase hydrolyses the fat into glycerol and fatty acids. After this, they are resynthesised into triglycerides.
|
[
"gallbladder; large intestine; hepatic",
"liver; large intestine; hepatic",
"liver; small intestine; pancreatic",
"gallbladder; small intestine; pancreatic"
] |
D
|
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|
What is the main function of brown adipose tissue?
|
[
"Energy Storage due to the multiple large lipid droplets in the adipocyte cell",
"Uncoupling of protons due to Thermogenin protein, producing heat",
"Insulation and organ cushioning due to low thermal conductivity",
"To generate heat through the conversion of ATP into kinetic energy"
] |
B
|
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|
Nucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) are added to the growing DNA strand during the _______________ phase.
|
[
"Denaturation/ Separation",
"Annealing",
"Extension/ Elongation",
"Preparation"
] |
C
|
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|
Which of the following is false regarding transamination reactions?
|
[
"The aspartate aminotransferase transfers an α-amino group from aspartate to ketoglutarate to form glutamate and oxaloacetate.",
"Transamination reactions are reversible, allowing for catabolism and synthesis of amino acids.",
"Transamination helps to divert the excess amino acids towards energy generation.",
"The amino group is directly transferred from the amino acid to ketoglutarate using only aspartate or alanine aminotransferases."
] |
D
|
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|
Which of the statements is true about gluconeogenesis?
|
[
"Gluconeogenesis is a non-ubiquitous/universal process",
"Gluconeogenesis is a catabolic pathway",
"The overall ATP utilization is greater in gluconeogenesis than in glycolysis",
"None of the above"
] |
C
|
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|
Which force contributes the most to stabilizing the DNA double-helix?
|
[
"a) Hydrophobic bases are found in the interior of the helix where each base- pair is stabilized by the same number of hydrogen bonds.",
"b) Hydrophilic sugar-phosphate groups are found on the exterior of the helix where they can interact with water.",
"c) Non-covalent N-glycosidic bonds can form between nitrogenous bases in opposite strands in the helix.",
"d) Covalent base-stacking interactions can occur between adjacent bases within the same strand in the helix."
] |
B
|
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|
Why do Type I diabetics experience weight loss?
|
[
"Type I diabetics have high glucose levels. This causes the pancreatic Beta cells to work harder, which causes uncoupling and leads to weight loss.",
"A symptom of Type I diabetes is polyuria. The frequent urination is due to low glucose osmotic concentration in the blood. This causes a decrease in weight.",
"Type I diabetics have low insulin levels. The low insulin causes activation of lipolysis and proteolysis, which causes weight loss.",
"Type I diabetics exhibit glucosuria. The kidneys absorb all the glucose in the blood and excrete it in the urine. This causes starvation and weight loss."
] |
C
|
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|
Which of the following is incorrect about the structure and function of ATP Synthase?
|
[
"ATP Synthase can use a proton gradient to generate ATP",
"The F 0 channel is composed of 12 cylindrical proteins",
"As protons enter the ATPase pump, the gamma subunit stops rotating to allow them to pass through",
"When protons enter ATPase, the beta subunits of F 1 to change in conformation to accept ADP and Pi and react them to release ATP"
] |
C
|
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|
Which of the one of the following statements about glucose is false ?
|
[
"More energy is stored in triglycerides compared to glucose.",
"Acetyl-CoA can be converted back into pyruvate to be re-stored as glucose.",
"The brain uses glucose as its primary fuel source under normal conditions.",
"Glycogen is stored in the liver, which is then broken down into pyruvate during glycolysis."
] |
B
|
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|
Increased thirsty is one of the symptoms of Type I diabetes. Which option can explain the increased thirsty feeling of Type 1 Diabetes patients?
|
[
"High glucose levels will lead to increased sweating, so Type I diabetes patients will feel thirsty easily.",
"Insulin secretion has linear relationship with salivary secretion, less insulin secretion less saliva secretion.",
"Excess glucose is excreted into patient's urine, it pulls fluids from patient's tissues. Which causing dehydrated.",
"Salivary gland will be blocked, due to the high glucose levels of Type I diabetes patients."
] |
C
|
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|
An individual decides to take up a high carbohydrate diet . Which lipoprotein would MOST LIKELY increase in the blood?
|
[
"chylomicrons",
"VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein)",
"LDL (low-density lipoprotein)",
"HDL (high-density lipoprotein)"
] |
B
|
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|
Coupling Rules Oxidative phosphorylation is the cumulative effort of fuel oxidation, electron transport and the manufacture of ATP. As such, oxidative phosphorylation is regulated by the heavy dependence of each of these processes on the other. Of the following statements regarding oxidative phosphorylation, which are true and which are false? I. Electrons move slowly down the electron transport chain (from NADH to oxygen) when there is a smaller proton gradient. II. Carriers such as ADP and NAD are present in large quantities, such that there is always a carrier available to pick up a phosphate or hydrogen molecule (respectively). III. When ATP is not hydrolysed to regenerate and release ADP, the proton (H+) gradient will remain high. IV. Without the proton (H+) gradient, ATP synthesis would cease.
|
[
"III and IV are true I and II are false",
"II and III are true I and IV are false",
"I and III are true II and IV are false",
"I and IV are true II and III are false"
] |
A
|
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|
Which of the following is correct in describing the role of NAD+ in ATP synthesis?
|
[
"The pumping of protons powered by NAD+ allows the uncoupling protein to dissipate the proton gradient, hence resulting in ATP synthesis.",
"NAD+ breaks down fats and carbohydrates in the body, and that then provides the electrons for the electron transport chain, hence resulting in ATP synthesis.",
"NAD+ is reduced to NADH via the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates in the body, and that then provides the electrons for the electron transport chain, hence resulting in ATP synthesis.",
"NAD+ binds to the uncoupling protein to inhibit ATP synthesis"
] |
C
|
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|
Which of these statements about lipolysis is false?
|
[
"At2-3 days of starvation the triglycerides within fat are hydrolysed in white adipose tissue.",
"The hydrolysis of fat is broken down into a glycerol and three fatty acids.",
"Products of lipolysis aresecreted into the bloodstream and used as an energy source within the body.",
"After 24 hours of starvation lipids are broken down into glucose and transported to the brain"
] |
D
|
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|
Glucagon and insulin are hormones which help regulate blood glucose levels in early starvation. What kind of relationship do glucagon and insulin have DURING early starvation?
|
[
"Linear relationship, when glucagon increases, insulin increases.",
"Linear relationship, when glucagon decreases, insulin decreases.",
"Inverse relationship, when glucagon decreases, insulin increases.",
"Inverse relationship, when glucagon increases, insulin decreases."
] |
D
|
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|
One pathway that enables the disposal of glucose is Glycolysis. In glycolysis the rate limiting step is catalysed by the enzyme Phosphofructokinase. Phosphofructokinase is the enzyme that controls the conversion of Fructose-6-phosphate into Fructose-1, 6-biphosphate. What would not be an inhibitor of this step
|
[
"High Levels of Citrate",
"High Levels of ATP",
"High Levels of AMP",
"High levels of Glucose-6-phosphate"
] |
C
|
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|
There is a very large number of metabolic pathways. Which of the following metabolic pathway explanation is wrong ?
|
[
"glycolysis - glucose oxidation in order to obtain ADP.",
"fatty acid oxidation - fatty acids breakdown into acetyl-CoA, to be used by the Krebs' cycle.",
"Krebs' cycle - acetyl-CoA oxidation in order to obtain GTP and valuable intermediates.",
"None of above."
] |
A
|
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|
Which of the following regarding the regulation of glycolysis is TRUE?
|
[
"The main regulator, phosphofructokinase, is strongly affected by ATP and ADP levels due to the energy charge fluctuations in the cells. However, AMP doesn’t affect phosphofructokinase as this enzyme cannot recognize the single phosphate attached to the adenine.",
"Hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase are enzymes that undergo their reactions quickly in order to increase productivity in the cell and optimize glycolysis.",
"Metabolic pathways are very sensitive to the energy charge of a cell (i.e. ATP levels in the cell) such that a drop in ATP levels would cause hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase to respond dramatically.",
"Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. The reason for this is that the additional phosphate attached can now bind to ADP in the cell to make ATP."
] |
C
|
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|
You're planning a long car trip in a 4WD, and your friend strongly believes that his car works best when the tank is 1/2 - 3/4 full. Hence, he frequently stops at petrol stations to fill up a bit, rather than filling the tank up full at once. If his fuel theory is true( i.e. smaller tank increases car performance), why doesn't this theory apply to metabolic performance with smaller meals?
|
[
"The theory does not apply because metabolic performance DOES NOT increase with smaller meals i.e. metabolism is not regulated by fuel availability( unlike fire).",
"The theory does not apply because metabolic performance DOES increase with smaller meals( just like giving fire more fuel)",
"The theory does not apply because metabolic performance DOES increase with larger meals i.e metabolism is regulated by fuel availability.",
"I don't know"
] |
A
|
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|
Which is TRUE about the formation of a peptide bond during elongation?
|
[
"The reaction is catalysed by the mRNA found in the large ribosomal subunit",
"The fMet from the A site is transferred onto the amino acid at the P site",
"The amine group at the A site launches a nucleophilic attack and breaks the ester linkage between the amino acid and the tRNA at the P site",
"The effect of the forming of a peptide bond, is that the amino acid is transferred from the tRNA in the A site to the amino acid on the P site"
] |
C
|
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|
Which of the following statements regarding ubiquinone is correct ?
|
[
"Ubiquinone is a water-soluble electron carrier that transports electrons from Complex I to Complex III.",
"Ubiquinone is a water-soluble electron carrier that transports electrons from Complex I to Complex II.",
"Ubiquinone is a lipid-soluble electron carrier that transports electrons from Complex I to Complex III.",
"Ubiquinone is a lipid-soluble electron carrier that transports electrons from Complex I to Complex II."
] |
C
|
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|
Derek is a healthy 20 year old male and in his spare time, he likes to play tennis. Being the curious biochemistry student that he is, Derek makes a few predictions about what occurs in his body at the cellular level when he plays tennis. Which of the following predictions and the reasoning behind them is INCORRECT? These are the following scenarios which Derek imagines (some highly implausible, but nonetheless are part of Derek’s imagination)
|
[
"If Derek is playing tennis for over 2 hours at a moderate to high intensity level, then the increase in work will cause ATP consumption to INCREASE, rate of proton pumping to INCREASE, and oxygen consumption will INCREASE.",
"If Derek decides that the weather is too hot and decides to lie down on the tennis court instead of exercising, then the decrease in work will cause ATP consumption to DECREASE, rate of proton pumping to DECREASE, and oxygen consumption will DECREASE.",
"If Derek had a gigantic feast of KFC in the middle of his tennis session and there is now a readily available amount of fuel for his body to metabolise, then the rate of ATP synthesis will INCREASE, rate of proton pumping will INCREASE and oxygen consumption will also INCREASE.",
"If Derek suddenly experiences a stroke or heart attack whilst playing tennis and his cells become hypoxic (ie lack of oxygen), the rate of ATP synthesis STOPS, electron transfer to oxygen SLOWS and hence rate of proton pumping STOPS and oxygen consumption STOPS."
] |
C
|
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|
You want the initial rate of the reaction to be about 0.75 absorbance units per minute. What is this rate of change expressed in moles per minute in the well? Extinction Coefficient: 15 mM -1 cm -1 ,200uL solution with cuvette length of 1cm.
|
[
"50 nmol min -1",
"10 nmol min -1",
"5 nmol min- 1",
"15nmol min -1"
] |
B
|
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|
With exams looming, your room in is a state of disarray. You don't know if you can comfort yourself with the confidence of being able to pass your BCHM exam but maybe the messiness of your room could help. Clothes, folders, sheets of paper, bags, food and cups are strewn everywhere and you can't find a single thing. This is reminiscent of amino acids because there are so many different individual molecules- just like there are so many individual things around your room. Which of the following in the analogy does NOT reflect amino acid metabolism?
|
[
"You realise the protocol you need for your lab is missing. But did you print it? No matter how many folders and A4 sheets you have around the house, if you didn't print it, it's not going to be there, just like if you don't eat a particular essential amino acid, it's not going to magically appear...",
"When you finally get around to cleaning up your room, everything has its own place and method of disposing- cups will be washed as do clothes but notes will be filed away. This is like amino acids where each amino acid has a separate route of metabolism and disposal.",
"Cleaning up will probably require you to leave your room to go to the bin or the kitchen to put back the uneaten food or wash the cups. Unfortunately, you cannot hole up in there forever :( just like amino acid disposal will span the over different organs",
"Just like folding your clothes into piles and storing cups and food in a nicer, cleaner fashion, the body can shuffle amino acids around and restructure them into molecules except it is a process that doesn't need a cofactor or ATP."
] |
D
|
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|
Which list is the correct order for the following processes of the lagging strand in E.coli replication? i. DNA ligase works to seal the gaps in the sugar phosphate backbone ii. DNA pol I uses 5' to 3' exonuclease activity to remove the primer iii. The lagging strand is synthesized in short Okazaki fragments iv. DNA pol I uses 5' to 3' polymerase activity to fill the gaps
|
[
"i, ii, iv, iii",
"iii, iv, ii, i",
"iii, ii, iv, i",
"ii, i, iv, iii"
] |
C
|
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|
Glucose oxidation is the process of formation of 2 pyruvic acids, 2 net ATPs and 2 NADHs from glucose. During strenuous exercise, oxygen may become unavailable or insufficient leading to overproduction of lactate. With that in mind, what is the main reason why lactate is formed ?
|
[
"Pyruvate cannot be converted into acetyl-CoA , as the process requires an oxygen molecule.",
"Replenishment of NAD+. Production of lactate replenishes NAD+ stocks by consuming NADH molecules (one NADH per lactate), thus allowing glycolysis to proceed.",
"Prevent further strain on the muscles. Lactate is only produced when exercising, as it is an important physiological mechanism of defense against further strain on the muscles. It causes pain in the area because of its acidic profile, thus conserving muscle integrity by preventing further exercise.olecule.",
"Prevent cell lysis. Lactate is produced as a way to prevent the cell from lysing due to the buildup of pyruvic acid. Unlike lactate, pyruvic acid cannot be transported to the liver to be converted to glucose, so its build-up can be lethal to the cell."
] |
B
|
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|
In which of the following scenarios would a person exhibit the greatest activity of ATP-Citrate Lyase?
|
[
"After eating a light breakfast",
"While running for the train",
"While watching a lecture and taking notes",
"After eating a huge dinner and going to bed"
] |
D
|
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|
Fat distribution after digestion. Rhonda is visiting the doctor after suffering abdominal pain and inflammation and deposits of fatty material in the skin. A blood sample is taken and centrifuged to reveal a creamy layer in the plasma. What could be the cause of Rhonda's condition?
|
[
"Abetalipoproteinemia, the inability of the body to make certain lipoproteins.",
"Cystic fibrosis causing a thick, mostly impenetrable mucus to line epithelial cells in both the pancreas and in the intestine.",
"Gall stones in her gallbladder preventing bile salts from being secreted in the intestine.",
"Chylomicronemia syndrome, a mutation of the gene coding for lipoprotein lipase resulting in an inability to produce the protein."
] |
D
|
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|
Which particle weighs the least in an atom?
|
[
"Proton",
"Electron",
"Neutron",
"All of the above"
] |
B
|
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|
Which scientist discovered the fundamental electric charge, the charge of an electron?
|
[
"Millikan",
"Rutherford",
"Dalton",
"Thomson"
] |
A
|
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|
The atomic number determines how many ____ are in the nucleus.
|
[
"Protons",
"Electrons",
"Neutrons",
"Atoms"
] |
A
|
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|
what does the atomic number represent of the element?
|
[
"proton",
"neutron",
"electron",
"none"
] |
A
|
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|
According to the concept of atomic theory which of the following is true?
|
[
"Dalton emphasized that atoms are neither created nor destroyed during a chemical change but are actually rearranged.",
"Dalton emphasized that atoms are created during a chemical change.",
"Dalton emphasized that atoms are destroyed during a chemical change.",
"Dalton emphasized that atoms are large in size."
] |
A
|
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|
what is the center of an atom called?
|
[
"Nucleus",
"proton",
"neutron",
"electron"
] |
A
|
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|
What is the difference between a proton and a neutron?
|
[
"A proton has a negative charge and a neutron has a positive charge.",
"A proton is bigger than a neutron.",
"A proton can change charges while a neutron can not.",
"A proton has a positive charge, a neutron has no charge."
] |
A
|
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|
what are the sub-particles of an atom?
|
[
"b and c.",
"neutron",
"proton and electron",
"atom"
] |
A
|
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|
Where can the electrons be located?
|
[
"the nucleus",
"outside the nucleus",
"outside the atom",
"on the periodic table"
] |
A
|
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|
Which two particles make up most of the atoms mass?
|
[
"Protons and neutrons",
"Protons and Electrons",
"Neutrons and Electrons",
"None of the above"
] |
A
|
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|
How many electrons does Carbon have?
|
[
"13",
"0",
"6",
"7"
] |
A
|
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|
Who found the existence of the neutron?
|
[
"Chadwick",
"Rutherford",
"Aristotle",
"Dalton"
] |
A
|
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}
|
What are alpha particles?
|
[
"Positively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons",
"Negatively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons",
"Not this one",
"You missed it!! Hint: It's A, like they said"
] |
A
|
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|
An atom has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 13. Identify the element.
|
[
"Carbon",
"Nitrogen",
"Aluminium",
"Chlorine"
] |
A
|
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|
Who coined the term, "electron"?
|
[
"JJ Thompson",
"Robert A Millikan",
"George Stoney",
"Rutherford"
] |
A
|
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|
How can you determine the mass?
|
[
"the sum of protons and neutrons",
"sum of protons",
"sum of neutrons",
"sum of electrons"
] |
A
|
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|
which of these subatomic particles are neutral or uncharged in the atom?
|
[
"neutrons",
"electrons",
"protons",
"atom"
] |
A
|
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|
For Carbon to be neutral how many electrons must it have?
|
[
"2",
"3",
"4",
"6"
] |
A
|
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|
Who was responsible for finding the charge of an electron?
|
[
"Thomson",
"Chadwick",
"Rutherford",
"Millikan"
] |
A
|
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|
Who used the "gold foil experiment" to show how atoms have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus?
|
[
"Rutherford",
"Millikan",
"Chadwick",
"Thomson"
] |
A
|
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|
Electron are negatively charged?
|
[
"Yes",
"No",
"Neutral"
] |
A
|
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|
All matter is composed of small indivisible particles called atoms
|
[
"TRUE",
"FALSE"
] |
A
|
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|
An unknown atom was found. Test have concluded that it weighed about 55 amu, and 29 neutrons were discovered. What element is the atom?
|
[
"Iron",
"Copper",
"Cobalt",
"Manganese"
] |
A
|
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|
What did the results of Robert A. Millikan's Oil Drop experiment show?
|
[
"The charge of an electron",
"The charge of a proton",
"The charge of a neutron",
"The mass of a proton"
] |
A
|
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|
An atom has an atomic number of 19. What is the name of the element?
|
[
"Potassium",
"Sodium",
"Calcium",
"Carbon"
] |
A
|
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|
Which physicist discovered the Cathode Ray Experiment?
|
[
"JJ. Thompson",
"Robert A. Milikan",
"Aristotle",
"Leucippus"
] |
A
|
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|
which subatomic particle is positively charged?
|
[
"proton",
"neutron",
"electron",
"atom"
] |
A
|
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|
What charge do particles in a proton contain and what mass?
|
[
"+1, mass of 1.0073 amu",
"-1, mass of 0.00055 amu",
"-1.1 and mass of 0.987",
"0, mass of 0"
] |
A
|
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|
Which scientist discovered that protons are centered in the nucleus of an atom?
|
[
"Rutherford",
"Thomson",
"Chadwick",
"Milikan"
] |
A
|
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|
what kind of charge does an atoms nucleus have?
|
[
"An atom consists of a positively charged nucleus",
"An atom consists of a negatively charged nucleus",
"An atom consists of a neutrally charged nucleus",
"An atom consists of no charge"
] |
A
|
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|
what is the number of protons in the nucleus called?
|
[
"atomic number",
"AMU",
"Mass",
"atomic mass"
] |
A
|
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|
what is contained in the nucleus and what is outside of the nucleus?
|
[
"neutrons only inside and protons outside",
"Protons and electrons inside and neutrons outside",
"protons and neutrons inside and electrons outside",
"electrons only inside and neutrons and protons outside"
] |
A
|
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|
What is the electrical charge of a atom?
|
[
"It is neutral",
"It is negative",
"It is positive",
"The atomic number equals the charge"
] |
A
|
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|
What is the main difference between definite and multiple proportions?
|
[
"One will contain the same elements while other reacts to form.",
"They both form with any elements.",
"The elements will come to react to proportion.",
"Mass proportions will be the same."
] |
A
|
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|
where does most of the mass of an atom come from?
|
[
"protons and neutrons",
"protons",
"neutrons",
"electrons"
] |
A
|
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|
Which particle weighs less than others with a charge of 1- and a mass of 0.00055 amu?
|
[
"Electrons",
"Protons",
"Neutons",
"Atom"
] |
A
|
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|
Who made the discovery of electrons?
|
[
"Ernest Rutherford",
"Robert A. Millikan",
"J. J. Thomson",
"John Dalton"
] |
A
|
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|
An atom has 8 protons and an atomic mass of 18. What's the total number of neutrons in the atom?
|
[
"8",
"2",
"16",
"24"
] |
A
|
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|
Which subatomic particle has no charge?
|
[
"Neutron",
"Electron",
"Atom",
"Proton"
] |
A
|
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|
What charge does a proton have?
|
[
"-1",
"1",
"0",
"none of the above"
] |
A
|
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|
What is the charge of a proton?
|
[
"1",
"0",
"-1",
"None of the above"
] |
A
|
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|
What subatomic particle has a charge of 1-?
|
[
"Electron",
"Proton",
"Neutron",
"Atom"
] |
A
|
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|
who discovered that the nucleus has neutral particles called neutrons?
|
[
"Chadwick",
"Thomson",
"Millikan",
"Rutherford"
] |
A
|
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|
Who discovered the electron?
|
[
"J.J Thomson",
"Ernest Rutherford",
"Robert Milikan",
"James Chadwick"
] |
A
|
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|
What is the difference between isotopes and ions?
|
[
"neutrons",
"electrons",
"both A and B",
"protons"
] |
A
|
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|
What did the gold foil experiment demonstrate?
|
[
"The atom is mostly empty space",
"Neutrons",
"Electrons",
"Nucleus"
] |
A
|
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|
Which particle determines the atomic number on the periodic table?
|
[
"proton",
"neutron",
"electrom",
"none"
] |
A
|
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}
|
What is protons?
|
[
"positively charged particles",
"sum the number of protons and neutrons",
"negatively charged subatomic particle",
"he discovered the charge of electron"
] |
A
|
{
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|
All matter is composed of small,______ particles, called atoms.
|
[
"Indivisible",
"Chemical",
"compounds",
"reactions"
] |
A
|
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}
|
What is the number of protons in the nucleus is called?
|
[
"the atomic number (Z)",
"the atomic number is (A)",
"the atomic number is (N)",
"the atomic number is (C)"
] |
A
|
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"word_repeats_in_stem_and_correct_answer": 0
}
|
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