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80911 | 7492158 | [
{
"id": "80912",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of iron in formula milk after 6 months of age . Ninety two normal birthweight infants aged 6 months entered a double blind controlled trial which compared a follow on formula milk with no added iron against the same formula milk containing 1.2 mg of iron per 100 ml . There was no significant difference in the social class or demographic characteristics of the two treatment groups or in the proportion of each group completing the trial . There was no difference between the two groups in the quantity of milk taken but the amounts taken lessened between 6 and 18 months of age . There was no difference between the two groups with respect to mean haemoglobin and median serum ferritin at 6 , 9 , 12 , 15 , and 18 months of age . Very few infants developed iron deficiency anaemia in either group but there was a tendency for serum ferritin levels to fall between 6 and 18 months of age in both groups . The results suggest that iron added to follow on milk was not an important source of dietary iron in the infants studied ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1039
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "80913",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"iron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80914",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"formula milk with no added iron"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80915",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"same formula milk containing 1.2 mg of iron per 100 ml"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80916",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"iron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80917",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"iron"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80918",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80919",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quantity of milk taken"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80920",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean haemoglobin"
],
"offsets": [
[
656,
672
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80921",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"median serum ferritin"
],
"offsets": [
[
677,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80922",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"iron deficiency anaemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
770,
793
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80923",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum ferritin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
839,
860
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80924",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ninety two"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80925",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"normal birthweight"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80926",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"infants"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80927",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"6 months"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
80928 | 7492424 | [
{
"id": "80929",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Ebeltoft project : baseline data from a five-year randomized , controlled , prospective health promotion study in a Danish population . BACKGROUND There is increasing political pressure on the medical profession to approach welfare diseases , such as coronary heart disease and diabetes , through prevention . General practitioners are required to offer regular health checks to healthy people , in spite of the lack of scientific evidence for the universal need , usefulness and side effects of such an intervention . Randomized controlled trials are needed . AIM A study was carried out to investigate people 's interest in participating in health checks and in discussions about health with their own general practitioner , participants ' health status , the proportion who received health advice following health checks , and the lifestyle goals they set following discussion with their general practitioner . This study reports the baseline data from a five-year randomized , controlled , prospective , population-based study in general practices in Ebeltoft , Denmark . METHOD All general practitioners from the four practices in Ebeltoft and a random sample of 2000 people aged between 30 and 50 years were invited to participate . Participants were randomly divided into three groups -- one control group and two intervention groups . One intervention group were given a health check which included being screened for cardiovascular risk factors , lung and liver function , fitness , sight and hearing and an optional test for the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) ; this group received written feedback from the general practitioner . The other intervention group were also given a health check and written feedback ; in addition , they were given the opportunity to attend their general practitioner to discuss preventive health . RESULTS A total of 1370 people participated in the study ( 69 % response rate ) . Health advice was given to 76 % of 905 participants following health checks . Almost all of the 456 participants ( 96 % ) who were offered the opportunity of discussing their health with their general practitioner took up the offer ; 64 % of the 456 participants reported that they had decided to undertake lifestyle changes . Eleven of those who discussed their health with the doctor were referred to a specialist ( 2 % ) . CONCLUSION There was considerable interest in participating in health promotion . Three out of four of those having a health check were given health advice . Two out of three of those offered a health talk with the general practitioner appeared willing to make relevant lifestyle changes . Long-term follow up is needed to determine effects and side effects of health checks and health talks ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2745
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "80930",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"regular health checks"
],
"offsets": [
[
354,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80931",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"health checks"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80932",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80933",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"health check which included being screened for cardiovascular risk factors , lung and liver function , fitness , sight and hearing and an optional test for the human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) ; this group received written feedback from the general practitioner ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1379,
1646
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80934",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"health check and"
],
"offsets": [
[
1694,
1710
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80935",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"written feedback"
],
"offsets": [
[
1598,
1614
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80936",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"; in addition , they were given the opportunity to attend their general practitioner to discuss preventive health ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1728,
1843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80937",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"health checks"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80938",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Health advice"
],
"offsets": [
[
1926,
1939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80939",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"undertake lifestyle changes"
],
"offsets": [
[
2223,
2250
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80940",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"referred to a specialist"
],
"offsets": [
[
2317,
2341
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80941",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
386
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80942",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"2000"
],
"offsets": [
[
1168,
1172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80943",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"30 and 50"
],
"offsets": [
[
1193,
1202
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80944",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1370"
],
"offsets": [
[
1863,
1867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80945",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"456"
],
"offsets": [
[
2022,
2025
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80946",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"456"
],
"offsets": [
[
2022,
2025
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80947",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eleven"
],
"offsets": [
[
2253,
2259
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
80948 | 7499684 | [
{
"id": "80949",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of six-hour exposure to nitrogen dioxide on early-phase nasal response to allergen challenge in patients with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis . BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that exposure to air pollutants may enhance the airway responsiveness of susceptible individuals to inhaled allergen . METHODS To investigate the effect of exposure to nitrogen dioxide ( NO2 ) on nasal airways resistance ( NAR ) and inflammatory mediators in nasal lavage fluid , eight subjects with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis , who were tested out of season , were exposed in a randomized single-blind , crossover study to either air or 400 ppb NO2 for 6 hours . The changes in NAR and eosinophil cationic protein ( ECP ) , mast cell tryptase ( MCT ) , neutrophil myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) , and interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ) in nasal lavage fluid before and after exposure were evaluated . Another group of eight subjects with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis were also randomized to exposure to air or 400 ppb NO2 for 6 hours and then challenged with allergen , before evaluation for changes in NAR and changes in ECP , MCT , MPO , and IL-8 in nasal lavage fluid . RESULTS Exposure to air or NO2 did not alter either NAR or the levels of ECP , MCT , MPO , or IL-8 in nasal lavage fluid . Allergen challenge after exposure to both air and NO2 significantly ( p < 0.05 ) increased levels of MCT , but not MPO and IL-8 in the nasal lavage fluid . In addition , allergen challenge after exposure to NO2 but not air , significantly increased levels of only ECP in nasal lavage fluid ( p < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that acute exposure to NO2 at concentrations found at the curbside in heavy traffic during episodes of pollution , may \" prime \" eosinophils for subsequent activation by allergen in individuals with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1881
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "80950",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nitrogen dioxide"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80951",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nitrogen dioxide ( NO2 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
368,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80952",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"air"
],
"offsets": [
[
217,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80953",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80954",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80955",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80956",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80957",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80958",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NO2"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80959",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nasal response"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80960",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in NAR and eosinophil cationic protein ( ECP ) , mast cell tryptase ( MCT ) , neutrophil myeloperoxidase ( MPO ) , and interleukin-8 ( IL-8 ) in nasal lavage fluid"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
852
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80961",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in NAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
695
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80962",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in ECP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1117,
1131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80963",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"MCT"
],
"offsets": [
[
759,
762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80964",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"MPO"
],
"offsets": [
[
796,
799
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80965",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IL-8 in nasal lavage fluid"
],
"offsets": [
[
1150,
1176
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80966",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"NAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
423,
426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80967",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of ECP , MCT , MPO , or IL-8"
],
"offsets": [
[
1242,
1277
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80968",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"MCT"
],
"offsets": [
[
759,
762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80969",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"MPO"
],
"offsets": [
[
796,
799
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80970",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IL-8"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80971",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ECP in nasal lavage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1566,
1585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80972",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with a history of seasonal allergic rhinitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
103,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80973",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"susceptible individuals"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80974",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"eight subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
480,
494
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80975",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Another group of eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
896,
918
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
80976 | 7505498 | [
{
"id": "80977",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized trial of Sandostatin prophylaxis for preservation injury after pancreas transplantation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
100
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "80978",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Sandostatin prophylaxis"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80979",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"preservation injury"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80980",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"prophylaxis"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80981",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"preservation injury"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80982",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pancreas transplantation"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
98
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
80983 | 7516831 | [
{
"id": "80984",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Optimized strategy for detection of early stage , curable prostate cancer : role of prescreening with prostate-specific antigen . In 1,002 men aged 45-80 y , 81 % of the cancers detectable by serum prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) , digital rectal examination ( DRE ) , and transrectal ultrasonography ( TRUS ) were present in a subpopulation ( 19 % of total ) identified by serum PSA above the threshold value of 3.0 micrograms/L . This study was extended to 7,350 men using serum PSA and DRE as first approach , followed by TRUS only when 1 of these 2 tests was abnormal . Because the aim of prostate cancer detection is to find cancers at an early , potentially curable stage , it is of major interest that 71.8 % of evaluable cancers were clinical stage B ; 8.4 % and 10.7 % were stages C1 and C2 , respectively ; only 9.2 % were stage D ( metastatic ) at first visit while none was at stage D at follow-up visits . This study , the first performed in an unselected , unscreened population , shows that serum PSA is the most sensitive technique to identify men at high risk of having prostate cancer and that 12 % more cancers can be found at first visit by doing DRE in addition to PSA . Follow-ups can be done every second year using serum PSA alone , as 97 % of the cancers detected at annual follow-up by DRE + PSA were PSA+ . Cancers are discovered by the present approach at an estimated cost of $ 2,665 per cancer . Such cancers are potentially curable in at least 80 % of cases detected at first visit and in 97 % of cases at follow-up . This strategy offers the possibility to improve markedly morbidity and mortality from prostate cancer , presently the second leading cause of cancer death in North American men ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1729
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "80985",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"serum prostate-specific antigen ( PSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
192,
231
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80986",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"digital rectal examination ( DRE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
234,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80987",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"transrectal ultrasonography ( TRUS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
275,
311
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80988",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80989",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"DRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
263,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80990",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"TRUS"
],
"offsets": [
[
305,
309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80991",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80992",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"DRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
263,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80993",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80994",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80995",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"DRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
263,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80996",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
229
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80997",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PSA+"
],
"offsets": [
[
1329,
1333
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80998",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum prostate-specific antigen ( PSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
192,
231
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "80999",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"digital rectal examination ( DRE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
234,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81000",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"transrectal ultrasonography ( TRUS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
275,
311
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81001",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum PSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
376,
385
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81002",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sensitive technique"
],
"offsets": [
[
1030,
1049
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81003",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk of having prostate cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
1074,
1104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81004",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum PSA alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
1241,
1256
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81005",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"estimated cost"
],
"offsets": [
[
1389,
1403
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81006",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"curable"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81007",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"morbidity and mortality from prostate cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
1608,
1652
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81008 | 7526007 | [
{
"id": "81009",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Using repeated measures of symptom score , uroflowmetry and prostate specific antigen in the clinical management of prostate disease . Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Treatment Outcomes Study Group . Measurements of American Urological Association symptom score , peak urine flow rate and prostate specific antigen ( PSA ) are often followed over time in urological management . However , their interpretation is confounded by within-patient variability due to chance . Data from 2 clinical trials are used to examine the magnitude of this variation . When these measures are repeated at a short interval variation is modest and might easily be misinterpreted as a true change in patient condition . For example , approximately 20 % of patients might be expected to have a chance increase or decrease in symptom score by at least 4.9 points , in peak urine flow rate by at least 4.1 ml . per second or in PSA by at least 1.6 ng./ml . Clinicians can use these data to help interpret repeated measures of these variables in patients , and can consider obtaining paired measurements to decrease the effect of chance variation when they plan on following them over time ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1164
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81010",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Measurements of American Urological Association symptom score , peak urine flow rate and prostate specific antigen ( PSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
197,
319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81011",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"urological management ."
],
"offsets": [
[
352,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81012",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"American Urological Association symptom score"
],
"offsets": [
[
213,
258
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81013",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"peak urine flow rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
261,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81014",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prostate specific antigen ( PSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
286,
319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81015",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"prostate disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
116,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81016",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia"
],
"offsets": [
[
135,
163
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81017 | 7527107 | [
{
"id": "81018",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Double-blind comparison of the efficacy and safety of trandolapril 2 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension . Investigator Study Group . This multicenter international trial recruited 205 patients from 16 investigators . After a 4-week , single-blind placebo run-in , patients were randomized to receive 16 weeks of trandolapril 2 mg/day ( 68 patients ) , hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ ) 25 mg/day ( 68 patients ) , or the combination ( 69 patients ) . Morning predosing supine diastolic blood pressure ( DBP ) was the primary efficacy measurement . Intention-to-treat analysis showed significant decreases in all three groups in mean ( +/- SEM ) supine DBP throughout the study , with no significant differences at week 16 between trandolapril ( -10.6 +/- 1.3 mm Hg ) and HCTZ ( -10.9 +/- 1.3 mm Hg ) . The combination gave a significantly greater reduction than either drug alone ( -15.1 +/- 1.13 mm Hg ) . Blood pressure was normalized in the combination group in 67 % of patients , a significantly higher proportion than either trandolapril ( 63 % ) or HCTZ ( 60 % ; p = 0.04 ) . Each treatment was well tolerated . The incidence of adverse events was similar in all three groups . Trandolapril 2 mg once daily is an effective antihypertensive agent , comparable to HCTZ . Furthermore , the combination of the two drugs was shown to enhance the antihypertensive effect of the two compounds alone ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1449
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81019",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"trandolapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81020",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hydrochlorothiazide"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81021",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"single-blind placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
289,
309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81022",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"trandolapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81023",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ )"
],
"offsets": [
[
407,
435
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81024",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"or the combination"
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
482
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81025",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81026",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Morning predosing supine diastolic blood pressure ( DBP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
501,
558
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81027",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"supine DBP"
],
"offsets": [
[
695,
705
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81028",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
957,
971
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81029",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1185,
1199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81030",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antihypertensive effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
1397,
1420
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81031",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension ."
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
160
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81032 | 7527453 | [
{
"id": "81033",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of autologous bone marrow transplantation with sequential chemotherapy for intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma in first complete remission : a study of 464 patients . Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte . PURPOSE Intensive chemotherapy followed by autotransplantation has given promising results in partially responding or sensitive relapsed patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma . In 1987 , we designed a randomized study to evaluate the potential benefit of a high-dose regimen containing cyclophosphamide , carmustine , and etoposide ( CBV ) followed by autotransplantation over a consolidative sequential chemotherapy ( ifosfamide , etoposide , asparaginase , and cytarabine ) in patients in first complete remission with intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma . PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were younger than 55 years and had at least one adverse prognostic factor . Induction treatment was that of the LNH84 protocol with an open randomization on the anthracycline . Patients in complete remission were further randomly assigned to receive either consolidation procedure . RESULTS After induction treatment , 464 patients were assessable for the consolidation phase . With a median follow-up duration of 28 months , the 3-year disease-free survival rate was 52 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 45 % to 59 % ) in the sequential chemotherapy arm and 59 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 52 % to 66 % ) in the autologous transplant arm ( P = .46 , relative risk = 0.90 ) . The 3-year survival rate did not differ between sequential chemotherapy and autotransplantation , at 71 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 64 % to 78 % ) and 69 % ( 95 % confidence interval , 62 % to 76 % ) , respectively ( P = .60 , relative risk = 1.11 ) . CONCLUSION For such a subset of patients , consolidation with the CBV regimen followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation is not superior to sequential chemotherapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1963
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81034",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"high-dose regimen containing cyclophosphamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
511,
556
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81035",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carmustine"
],
"offsets": [
[
559,
569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81036",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"etoposide ( CBV )"
],
"offsets": [
[
576,
593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81037",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"autotransplantation over a consolidative sequential chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
606,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81038",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ifosfamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
673,
683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81039",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"etoposide"
],
"offsets": [
[
576,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81040",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"asparaginase"
],
"offsets": [
[
698,
710
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81041",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cytarabine"
],
"offsets": [
[
717,
727
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81042",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"anthracycline ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1021,
1036
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81043",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"complete remission :"
],
"offsets": [
[
153,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81044",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"benefit"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
505
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81045",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
153,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81046",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"3-year disease-free survival rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1290,
1323
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81047",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"3-year survival rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1539,
1559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81048",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"superior"
],
"offsets": [
[
1926,
1934
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81049",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma in first complete remission :"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81050",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"464"
],
"offsets": [
[
185,
188
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81051",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
380,
428
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81052",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"younger than 55 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
865,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81053",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"464 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
185,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81054 | 7528271 | [
{
"id": "81055",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Multicyclic , dose-intensive chemotherapy supported by sequential reinfusion of hematopoietic progenitors in whole blood . PURPOSE To support multicyclic , dose-intensive chemotherapy , we assessed the effects of reinfusing hematopoietic progenitors collected at each cycle in leukapheresis product or whole blood . PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-five patients with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC ) were treated with six cycles of ifosfamide , carboplatin , and etoposide ( ICE ) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) 300 micrograms/d subcutaneously ( SC ) on days 4 to 15 . Hematopoietic progenitors collected during each cycle were reinfused on day 3 of the next cycle . Cohort 1 ( n = 6 ) was treated every 3 weeks , with leukapheresis after 2 weeks and cryopreservation of the leukapheresis product . Chemotherapy was given if the WBC count was > or = 3 x 10 ( 9 ) /L and platelet count > or = 100 x 10 ( 9 ) /L . Cohort 2 ( n = 7 ) was treated every 2 weeks , with leukapheresis on day 1 of the next cycle and storage of the leukapheresis product at 4 degrees C. Cohort 3 ( n = 12 ) was treated every 2 weeks , with 500 to 750 mL of blood drawn by venesection on day 1 of the next cycle and stored at 4 degrees C. In cohorts 2 and 3 , chemotherapy was given if the WBC count was > or = 3 x 10 ( 9 ) /L and platelet count > or = 30 x 10 ( 9 ) /L . Blood and leukapheresis products were assayed for hematopoietic progenitors . RESULTS ICE chemotherapy with G-CSF was effective in mobilizing blood progenitors ( median , 120-fold ) . Long-term cultures showed no evidence of stem-cell depletion . The cytotoxic dose-intensity of standard every-4-weeks ICE is 100 % . In the first three cycles , it was 134 % ( median ) in cohort 1 and 200 % in cohorts 2 and 3 ( P < .0001 ) . Toxicity and supportive care requirements were not increased . CONCLUSION The dose-intensity of ICE chemotherapy can be doubled by reinfusing hematopoietic progenitors collected by leukapheresis or venesection and stored at 4 degrees C ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2026
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81056",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Multicyclic , dose-intensive chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81057",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hematopoietic progenitors"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
105
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81058",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dose-intensive chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81059",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"reinfusing hematopoietic progenitors"
],
"offsets": [
[
213,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81060",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ifosfamide , carboplatin , and etoposide ( ICE ) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81061",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"leukapheresis"
],
"offsets": [
[
277,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81062",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cryopreservation of the leukapheresis product . Chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
768,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81063",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"leukapheresis"
],
"offsets": [
[
277,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81064",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"leukapheresis product"
],
"offsets": [
[
277,
298
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81065",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81066",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ICE chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1449,
1465
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81067",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ICE chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1449,
1465
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81068",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood and leukapheresis products"
],
"offsets": [
[
1363,
1395
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81069",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mobilizing blood progenitors"
],
"offsets": [
[
1494,
1522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81070",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"stem-cell depletion ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1588,
1609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81071",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cytotoxic dose-intensity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1614,
1638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81072",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-five"
],
"offsets": [
[
337,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81073",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"with small-cell lung cancer ( SCLC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
358,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81074 | 7539544 | [
{
"id": "81075",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized study comparing glucagon and hyoscine N-butyl bromide before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography . BACKGROUND This study tried to resolve whether glucagon is a better premedication for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) . METHODS We first measured the basal blood sugar and amylase levels . Then an endoscope was placed in the duodenum without premedication , and basal pulse and duodenal peristaltic rates were measured . ERCP began after studied subjects were randomly premedicated with either 1 mg glucagon ( n = 38 ) or 40 mg hyoscine N-butyl bromide ( n = 36 ) intravenously . Ten minutes later the variables were measured again . RESULTS Glucagon elicited hyperglycemia whereas hyoscine N-butyl bromide manifested an anticholinergic effect . No difference was found between these two groups with regard to the necessary interval for ERCP ( 20.6 +/- 14.1 min versus 21.4 +/- 14.7 min ; NS ) or the success rate for cholangiopancreatography ( 92.1 % versus 91.7 % ; NS ) . Neither hyperamylasemia nor pancreatitis was preventable when glucagon was used . CONCLUSIONS The two premedications appear equally effective in the performance of ERCP ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1192
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81076",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glucagon"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81077",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hyoscine N-butyl bromide"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81078",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81079",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glucagon"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81080",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"1 mg glucagon"
],
"offsets": [
[
541,
554
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81081",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"40 mg hyoscine N-butyl bromide"
],
"offsets": [
[
569,
599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81082",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Glucagon"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81083",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hyoscine N-butyl bromide"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81084",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glucagon"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81085",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
209,
264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81086",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"basal blood sugar and amylase levels ."
],
"offsets": [
[
297,
335
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81087",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"basal pulse and duodenal peristaltic rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81088",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperglycemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
707,
720
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81089",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anticholinergic effect ."
],
"offsets": [
[
768,
792
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81090",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"necessary interval for ERCP"
],
"offsets": [
[
861,
888
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81091",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"success rate for cholangiopancreatography"
],
"offsets": [
[
948,
989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81092",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hyperamylasemia nor pancreatitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1030,
1062
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81093",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"performance of ERCP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1171,
1190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81094",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
209,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81095",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"1 mg glucagon ( n = 38 ) or 40 mg hyoscine N-butyl bromide ( n = 36 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
541,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81096 | 7540705 | [
{
"id": "81097",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomised , placebo-controlled , double-blind clinical trial of beta-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia . Beta-sitosterol Study Group . Medical treatments have become available for benign hypertrophy of the prostate , including alpha-receptor blocking agents and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors . Drugs derived from plants , for which no precise mechanism of action has been described , are widely used for this purpose in Europe . In a randomised , double-blind , placebo-controlled multicentre study , 200 patients ( recruited between April and October 1993 ) with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated with either 20 mg beta-sitosterol ( which contains a mixture of phytosterols ) three times per day or placebo . Primary end-point was a difference of modified Boyarsky score between treatment groups after 6 months ; secondary end-points were changes in International Prostate Symptom Score ( IPSS ) , urine flow , and prostate volume . Modified Boyarsky score decreased significantly with a mean of -6.7 ( SD 4.0 ) points in the beta-sitosterol-treated group versus -2.1 ( 3.2 ) points in the placebo group p < 0.01 . There was a decrease in IPSS ( -7.4 [ 3.8 ] points in the beta-sitosterol-treated group vs -2.1 [ 3.8 ] points in the placebo group ) and changes in urine flow parameters : beta-sitosterol treatment resulted in increasing peak flow ( 15.2 [ 5.7 ] mL/s from 9.9 [ 2.5 ] mL/s ) , and decrease of mean residual urinary volume ( 30.4 [ 39.9 ] mL from 65.8 [ 20.8 ] mL ) . These parameters did not change in the placebo group ( p < 0.01 ) . No relevant reduction of prostatic volume was observed in either group . Significant improvement in symptoms and urinary flow parameters show the effectiveness of beta-sitosterol in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1824
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81098",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81099",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"beta-sitosterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81100",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81101",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"20 mg beta-sitosterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
674
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81102",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"phytosterols )"
],
"offsets": [
[
705,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81103",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo ."
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
752
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81104",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Boyarsky score"
],
"offsets": [
[
800,
814
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81105",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"International Prostate Symptom Score ( IPSS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
894,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81106",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"urine flow"
],
"offsets": [
[
942,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81107",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prostate volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
959,
974
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81108",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Modified Boyarsky score"
],
"offsets": [
[
977,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81109",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IPSS"
],
"offsets": [
[
933,
937
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81110",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"urine flow parameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
1308,
1329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81111",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"peak flow"
],
"offsets": [
[
1381,
1390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81112",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean residual urinary volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1481
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81113",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prostatic volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
1620,
1636
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81114",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptoms and urinary flow parameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
1695,
1731
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81115",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Beta-sitosterol Study Group ."
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81116 | 7551999 | [
{
"id": "81117",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Abdominoperineal resection and anterior resection in the treatment of rectal cancer : results in relation to adjuvant preoperative radiotherapy . The outcome of patients with rectal cancer treated by abdominoperineal or anterior resection , with or without preoperative radiotherapy , was assessed to detect any differences attributable to the operative method and interactions between radiotherapy and type of surgery . The study was based on 1292 patients included in two consecutive controlled randomized trials of preoperative radiotherapy in operable rectal carcinoma . The outcome was not related to surgical method . Radiotherapy increased postoperative mortality and complications and reduced local and distant recurrence , but had no effect on overall survival . Effects of radiotherapy were similar irrespective of the type of surgery , except that the increase in postoperative mortality in irradiated patients was greater in those treated with abdominoperineal resection . Sphincter-saving procedures appear to have no adverse effects on outcome of rectal cancer , but the optimum use of radiotherapy is still to be defined ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1137
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81118",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Abdominoperineal resection"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81119",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anterior resection"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81120",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"adjuvant preoperative radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81121",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"abdominoperineal or anterior resection , with or without preoperative radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
282
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81122",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"preoperative radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
118,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81123",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
131,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81124",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Sphincter-saving procedures"
],
"offsets": [
[
985,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81125",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"postoperative mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81126",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
675,
688
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81127",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"local and distant recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
701,
729
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81128",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
753,
769
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81129",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"postoperative mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81130",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rectal cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81131",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1292"
],
"offsets": [
[
444,
448
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81132 | 7552649 | [
{
"id": "81133",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Active treatment programs for patients with chronic low back pain : a prospective , randomized , observer-blinded study . Several new studies have indicated that an active approach to patients with chronic disabling low back pain ( LBP ) seems effective . Some of these studies emphasize the importance of dealing with the patient 's total situation in comprehensive multidisciplinary programs -- the bio-psycho-social model . However , these programs are expensive . The aim of this study was to evaluate the rehabilitation outcome from three different active programs in terms of : ( 1 ) return-to-work rate , ( 2 ) days of sick leave , ( 3 ) health-care contacts , ( 4 ) pain and disability scores , and ( 5 ) staying physically active . The subjects included 132 patients randomized to the study , of whom 123 started one of the treatment programs . They had all had at least 6 months of chronic LBP . The patients were randomized into one of three programs : group 1 -- a full-time , intensive 3-week multidisciplinary program , including active physical and ergonomic training and psychological pain management , followed by 1 day weekly for the subsequent 3 weeks ; group 2 -- active physical training , twice a week for 6 weeks , for a total of 24h ; group 3 -- psychological pain management combined with active physical training , twice a week for 6 weeks , also for a total of 24h . The results presented here are based on data collected 4 months following treatment , which shows an 86 % response rate . The initial examination and the follow-up evaluation were performed by a blinded observer . The results show that 4 months after treatment , the intensive multidisciplinary program is superior to the less intensive programs in terms of return-to-work rate , health-care contacts , pain and disability scores , and staying physically active . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1893
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81134",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Active treatment programs"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81135",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"active physical and ergonomic training and"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1086
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81136",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"psychological pain management"
],
"offsets": [
[
1087,
1116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81137",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"2 -- active physical training"
],
"offsets": [
[
1179,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81138",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"3 -- psychological pain management combined with active physical training"
],
"offsets": [
[
1265,
1338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81139",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"return-to-work rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
590,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81140",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"days of sick leave"
],
"offsets": [
[
618,
636
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81141",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"health-care contacts"
],
"offsets": [
[
645,
665
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81142",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain and"
],
"offsets": [
[
674,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81143",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"disability scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
683,
700
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81144",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"staying physically active"
],
"offsets": [
[
713,
738
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81145",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with chronic low back pain :"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81146",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with chronic disabling low back pain ( LBP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
184,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81147 | 7554709 | [
{
"id": "81148",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the monoamine oxidase B inhibitor mofegiline assessed during a phase I dose tolerance trial . The safety , pharmacokinetics , and pharmacodynamics of single oral doses of up to 48 mg and daily ( for 28 days ) doses of up 24 mg mofegiline were investigated in healthy male volunteers . Plasma pharmacokinetics indicated rapid absorption and elimination : time to reach maximum concentration occurred at about 1 hour ; half-life ranged from 1 to 3 hours . Maximal plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased and oral clearance decreased disproportionately with dose . Mofegiline rapidly and markedly inhibited platelet monoamine oxidase B ( MAOB ) activity , which returned to baseline within 14 days . Urinary excretion of phenylethylamine increased proportionately with doses up to 24 mg. No changes in urinary elimination of catecholamines , blood pressure , heart rate , or ECG were observed . A classic maximum tolerated dose was not achieved in these studies . However , the 48 mg single dose and the 24 mg multiple daily dose far exceeded the dose ( 1 mg ) that was associated with > 90 % platelet MAOB inhibition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1199
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81149",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"monoamine oxidase B inhibitor mofegiline"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81150",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mofegiline"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81151",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Mofegiline"
],
"offsets": [
[
645,
655
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81152",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Maximal plasma concentration and area under the plasma concentration-time curve"
],
"offsets": [
[
495,
574
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81153",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mofegiline rapidly and markedly inhibited platelet monoamine oxidase B ( MAOB ) activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
645,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81154",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Urinary excretion of phenylethylamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
817
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81155",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"urinary elimination of catecholamines"
],
"offsets": [
[
882,
919
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81156",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
936
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81157",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
939,
949
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81158",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ECG"
],
"offsets": [
[
955,
958
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81159",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"maximum tolerated dose"
],
"offsets": [
[
985,
1007
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81160 | 7557852 | [
{
"id": "81161",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Antipyrine clearance and response to interferon treatment in patients with chronic active hepatitis C. To determine whether hepatic metabolic function affects the response to interferon treatment , we measured antipyrine clearance ( APC ) in 85 patients with chronic active hepatitis C and compared the results with treatment outcome . Among 55 patients who responded to interferon by normalization of alanine transaminase ( ALT ) , median APC before treatment was 0.47 ( range , 0.12 to 0.98 ; normal range , 0.34 to 1.02 mL/min/kg body wt ) , a value that was significantly greater than in 30 nonresponders ( 0.23 ; 0.08 to 0.67 mL/min/kg body wt , P < .001 ) . APC was closely associated with response to interferon . The response rate among cases with values > 0.25 mL/min/kg body weight was 79 % , the same as in cases without cirrhosis . Cases without cirrhosis and with APC of > 0.25 mL/min/kg body weight had an 85 % chance of responding to interferon ; this was unlikely a simple reflection of histological activity , because the correlation with Scheuer score was poor in this subgroup ( r = -.31 , P < .05 ) . A second , independent group of 43 patients was used to test the predictive value of APC ( using 0.25 mL/min/kg body wt as a cut-off ) for response to interferon treatment . In this group , APC correctly predicted positive response to interferon in 75 % of cases . APC was also used to measure the effects of treatment on hepatic metabolic function . Regardless of outcome , there was no change in APC at the end of a 6-month course of interferon treatment . Six months later , however , improvement in APC ( 14 % ; P < .05 ) was evident among responders but not in those who had failed to respond to interferon . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1770
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81162",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81163",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81164",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81165",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81166",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81167",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81168",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81169",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81170",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81171",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81172",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Antipyrine clearance and"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81173",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"response to interferon treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81174",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response to interferon treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81175",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"antipyrine clearance ( APC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
238
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81176",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"response to interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81177",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
738
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81178",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"responding to interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
935,
959
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81179",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Scheuer score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1056,
1069
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81180",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"predictive value of APC"
],
"offsets": [
[
1186,
1209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81181",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"positive response to interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
1335,
1366
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81182",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hepatic metabolic function"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81183",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"APC"
],
"offsets": [
[
233,
236
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81184",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic active hepatitis C."
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
102
]
],
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},
{
"id": "81185",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"85"
],
"offsets": [
[
242,
244
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81186",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic active hepatitis C"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81187",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"55"
],
"offsets": [
[
342,
344
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81188",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"43"
],
"offsets": [
[
1153,
1155
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81189 | 7559165 | [
{
"id": "81190",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A two-filter model for frequency discrimination . In this paper , we explore a two-filter model , the simplest version of multi-channel models for frequency discrimination of simple tones . According to this model , frequency discrimination is based on a change in the relative output levels of two auditory filters , one centered below and the other above the frequency of the tone . This idea can explain the experimental results that frequency discrimination is relatively unaffected by randomization of stimulus level . Moreover , it suggests a close relationship between the ability of listeners to perform frequency discrimination of simple tones and spectral-shape discrimination of two-tone complexes . The ability of three listeners to perform these two tasks was measured at six frequencies ( from 0.25 to 8 kHz ) . The results from the spectral-shape-discrimination task were used to predict frequency-difference limens . There was a high correlation between obtained and predicted values ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1001
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81191",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"two-filter model"
],
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[
2,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81192",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"two-filter model"
],
"offsets": [
[
2,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81193",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"six frequencies ( from 0.25 to 8 kHz )"
],
"offsets": [
[
785,
823
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81194",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"frequency discrimination"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81195",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"frequency discrimination"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81196",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"frequency discrimination ."
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81197 | 7559252 | [
{
"id": "81198",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of perception of mechanical loading on human respiratory pattern regulation . We applied external flow resistive ( R ) and elastic ( E ) mechanical loads over the entire respiratory cycle to five normal subjects by using a pseudorandom loading protocol . Loads ranged in magnitude from imperceptible ( R0/E0 ) through just perceptible ( R1/E1 ) to large ( R2/E2 ) and resulted in respiratory pattern responses that were due to reflex responses alone ( R0/E0 ) or to a combination of reflex responses and behavioral reactions to the perception of impeded breathing ( R1/E1 and R2/E2 ) . Pattern regulation dynamics were estimated from the computed impulse responses of tidal volume and inspiratory and expiratory durations . We anticipated that emergence of behavioral contributions would be marked by increased variability in response strategies and by increased nonlinearity in the observed responses . Regarding the immediate pattern response to loading , there was a tendency for increased qualitative variation across subjects as the load size increased , but the within-subject variability ( coefficient of variation ) was unaffected . We found no evidence for increased nonlinearity as loads became perceptible . The emergence of behavioral control in some instances seemed to be marked by reduction of complexity of the impulse response to one dominated by the zeroth-order lag , leading to dynamically simpler responses compared to control ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1456
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81199",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"external flow resistive ( R ) and elastic ( E ) mechanical loads"
],
"offsets": [
[
96,
160
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81200",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"imperceptible"
],
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[
293,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81201",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"just perceptible"
],
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[
325,
341
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81202",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"large"
],
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[
355,
360
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81203",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"human respiratory pattern"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81204",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Pattern regulation dynamics"
],
"offsets": [
[
593,
620
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81205",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the computed impulse responses of tidal volume and inspiratory and expiratory durations"
],
"offsets": [
[
641,
728
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81206",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"variability in response strategies"
],
"offsets": [
[
818,
852
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81207",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nonlinearity"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
882
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81208",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"qualitative variation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1000,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81209",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"five"
],
"offsets": [
[
198,
202
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81210",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"normal"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81211 | 7562882 | [
{
"id": "81212",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lisinopril administration improves insulin action in aged patients with hypertension . Thirty elderly , mildly hypertensive patients were enrolled for a single-blind , randomised cross-over placebo controlled trial in which placebo and lisinopril ( 20 mg/day before breakfast ) were given for 4 and 8 weeks , respectively . A wash-out period of 3 weeks between placebo and lisinopril was observed . In each patient a euglycaemic glucose clamp with simultaneous indirect calorimetry allowed us to determine whole body glucose disposal and substrate oxidation . Changes in morning SBP and DBP were also determined . Lisinopril vs. placebo significantly improved whole body glucose disposal ( 40.4 +/- 0.4 vs. 30.3 +/- 0.4 mumol/kg LBM x min ; P < 0.01 ) , non-oxidative glucose metabolism ( 18.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 10.9 +/- 0.6 mumol/kg LBM x min ; P < 0.01 ) and fasting plasma potassium levels ( 4.8 +/- 3 vs. 4.4 +/- 0.4 mmol/l ; P < 0.05 ) . SBP ( 175 +/- 3.3 vs. 160 +/- 3.0 mm Hg ; P < 0.001 ) and DBP ( 106 +/- 2.3 vs. 95 +/- 2.0 mm Hg ; P < 0.001 ) were significantly reduced by lisinopril administration . After ACE inhibition , fasting plasma potassium levels correlated with the decline in mean arterial BP ( r = -0.71 ; P < 0.006 ) . In conclusion , lisinopril administration reduces arterial BP and improves insulin sensitivity in elderly hypertensive patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1366
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81213",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Lisinopril"
],
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[
0,
10
]
],
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},
{
"id": "81214",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
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[
190,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81215",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
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[
190,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81216",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lisinopril"
],
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[
236,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81217",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
190,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81218",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lisinopril"
],
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[
236,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81219",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Lisinopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81220",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
190,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81221",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lisinopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
236,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81222",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lisinopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
236,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81223",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin action"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81224",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"whole body glucose disposal"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81225",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"substrate oxidation"
],
"offsets": [
[
538,
557
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81226",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Changes"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81227",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morning SBP and DBP"
],
"offsets": [
[
571,
590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81228",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"whole body glucose disposal"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81229",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"non-oxidative glucose metabolism"
],
"offsets": [
[
754,
786
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81230",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fasting plasma potassium levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
855,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81231",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SBP"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81232",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"DBP"
],
"offsets": [
[
587,
590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81233",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fasting plasma potassium levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
855,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81234",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"decline in mean arterial BP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1181,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81235",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"arterial BP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1197,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81236",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"improves insulin sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1303,
1331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81237",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81238",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with hypertension ."
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81239",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81240",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"elderly"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81241",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"mildly hypertensive"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81242",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"elderly"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81243",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertensive"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81244 | 7564450 | [
{
"id": "81245",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hemostatic function of aspirin-treated platelets vulnerable to cardiopulmonary bypass . Altered shear-induced pathway . The impaired hemostasis of aspirin-treated patients is an annoying problem during and after cardiopulmonary bypass . The hemostatic function of platelets comprises two mechanisms : the shear-induced and the cyclooxygenase pathways . Because the latter is inhibited in aspirin-treated patients , the hemostatic function depends mainly on the former pathway . To investigate the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on the shear-induced pathway , a double-blind study of preoperative aspirin treatment ( 325 mg ) and placebo was conducted in 40 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting . Postoperative blood loss was higher in the aspirin-treated patients than in the placebo-treated patients ( p < 0.05 ) . The shear-induced hemostasis was monitored by the in vitro bleeding test ( Thrombostat ) , which mimics bleeding through an injured arteriole . The shear-induced pathway of aspirin-treated platelets was not affected before cardiopulmonary bypass , but it was impaired more during the operation ( p < 0.01 ) and remained worse afterward ( p < 0.05 ) , compared with that of placebo-treated platelets . The inhibitory effects of aspirin on thromboxane production and on collagen-induced platelet aggregation remained throughout the operation . In aspirin-treated platelets , the aggregation capacity induced by adenosine diphosphate was inhibited before the operation ( p < 0.05 ) and showed substantial recovery during the operation ( p < 0.05 ) . These results suggest that the shear-induced pathway of aspirin-treated platelets is more vulnerable to cardiopulmonary bypass than the pathway in normal platelets and causes severe impairment of hemostasis afterward ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1798
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81246",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81247",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81248",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81249",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81250",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
631,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81251",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"coronary artery bypass grafting"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
710
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81252",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81253",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81254",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
793,
808
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81255",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81256",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81257",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81258",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hemostatic function"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81259",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hemostatic function"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
260
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81260",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Postoperative blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
713,
737
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81261",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"shear-induced hemostasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
837,
861
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81262",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shear-induced pathway of aspirin-treated platelets"
],
"offsets": [
[
981,
1031
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81263",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"thromboxane production"
],
"offsets": [
[
1271,
1293
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81264",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"collagen-induced platelet aggregation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1301,
1338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81265",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"aggregation capacity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1410,
1430
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81266",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81267",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cardiopulmonary bypass"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81268",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81269",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"coronary artery bypass grafting"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
710
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81270",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"aspirin-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81271 | 7572690 | [
{
"id": "81272",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Reducing the risk of coronary events : evidence from the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study ( 4S ) . The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study ( 4S ) was designed to evaluate the effects of cholesterol reduction with simvastatin on mortality and morbidity in patients with coronary artery disease ( CAD ) . A total of 4,444 patients with angina pectoris or previous myocardial infarction and serum cholesterol levels of 213-310 mg/dl ( 5.5-8.0 mmol/liter ) while treated with a lipid-lowering diet were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with simvastatin or placebo . Over the 5.4 years of median follow-up , simvastatin produced changes in total cholesterol , low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol , and high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol of -25 % , -35 % , and +8 % , respectively , with minimal adverse effects . A total of 256 patients ( 12 % ) in the placebo group died compared with 182 ( 8 % ) in the simvastatin group , a risk reduction of 30 % ( p = 0.0003 ) attributable to a 42 % reduction in the risk of coronary death . Noncardiovascular causes accounted for 49 and 46 deaths in the placebo and simvastatin groups , respectively . Major coronary events were experienced by 622 patients ( 28 % ) in the placebo group and 431 patients ( 19 % ) in the simvastatin group , corresponding to a risk reduction of 34 % ( p < 0.00001 ) . This risk was also significantly reduced in subgroups consisting of women and patients of both sexes aged > or = 60 years . Other benefits of treatment included a 37 % reduction ( p < 0.00001 ) in the risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures . Simvastatin was beneficial regardless of whether patients had a history of myocardial infarction or whether they were smokers or had hypertension . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1819
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81273",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"simvastatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
224,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81274",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lipid-lowering diet"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81275",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"simvastatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
224,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81276",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
574,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81277",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
248
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81278",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
262
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81279",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total cholesterol , low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
657,
720
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81280",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"high density lipoprotein ( HDL ) cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
727,
771
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81281",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
830,
847
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81282",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"died"
],
"offsets": [
[
902,
906
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81283",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Noncardiovascular causes"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1089
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81284",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"deaths"
],
"offsets": [
[
1114,
1120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81285",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Major coronary events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1176,
1197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81286",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
962,
976
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81287",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk of undergoing myocardial revascularization procedures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1575,
1635
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81288",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"coronary artery disease ( CAD ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
280,
313
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81289",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"4,444"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81290",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"angina pectoris"
],
"offsets": [
[
345,
360
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81291",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial infarction"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81292",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"serum cholesterol levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
399,
423
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81293",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"256"
],
"offsets": [
[
859,
862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81294",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
1442,
1447
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81295",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"both sexes"
],
"offsets": [
[
1464,
1474
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81296 | 7584286 | [
{
"id": "81297",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Why are there sometimes concreteness effects in memory for prose ? Four experiments explored on-line encoding strategies and memory for high imagery and low imagery texts . Results consistently indicated that concreteness effects in memory for text depend on how materials are presented in several different respects . Most importantly , the experiments clarified apparently contradictory results of previous studies by indicating that concreteness effects generally do not occur in memory for prose when imageability is manipulated between-subjects , and that their occurrence when imageability is manipulated within-subjects depends on the order occurrence when imageability is manipulated within-subjects depends on the order of presentation . In addition , moving window analyses of text processing strategies indicated that differential strategies observed in previous studies when subjects listened to high vs low imagery text do not generalize to reading of the same materials . Potential explanations for the pattern of results are evaluated , and implications for theories of mental imagery and memory are considered ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1127
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81298",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"text processing strategies"
],
"offsets": [
[
787,
813
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81299",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"concreteness effects in memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81300",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"concreteness effects in memory for text"
],
"offsets": [
[
209,
248
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81301",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"concreteness effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81302",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81303",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Four"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81304",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81305",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"high imagery"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81306",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"low imagery"
],
"offsets": [
[
153,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81307 | 7591314 | [
{
"id": "81308",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The European Myocardial Infarction Project : an assessment of pre-hospital thrombolysis . The use of thrombolytic agents in patients with suspected myocardial infarction has been shown to reduce early and long-term mortality by about 20 % , and it has been suggested that since time is an important factor , pre-hospital treatment would give better results . However , health deciders need reliable data on which to base future policies concerning this . The European Myocardial Infarction Project was a European Economic Community-supported double-blind study designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pre-hospital early thrombolytic treatment in patients with suspected myocardial infarction compared with the same treatment given later in a hospital setting . A total of 5469 patients in 16 countries were randomised by 198 mobile emergency units to receive either pre-hospital treatment with anistreplase , the thrombolytic agent used , followed by placebo after hospital admission ( pre-hospital group ; 2750 patients ) , or placebo followed by anistreplase ( hospital group ; 2719 patients ) . The median time delay between the injections was 55 min . A non-significant decrease in 30-day mortality was observed in favour of the pre-hospital group ( 13 % : P = 0.08 ) , whereas the decrease in cardiac death observed , also in favour of the pre-hospital group , was on the borderline of significance ( 16 % ; P = 0.049 ) . Although some complications occurred more frequently in the pre-hospital group in the pre-hospital period , the overall incidence for serious complications was similar for both groups . These results show that the pre-hospital thrombolytic strategy in patients with suspected myocardial infarction is both effective and safe when performed by well-equipped well-staffed mobile emergency units ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1829
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81309",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thrombolytic agents"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81310",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pre-hospital early thrombolytic treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
609,
650
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81311",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"anistreplase"
],
"offsets": [
[
902,
914
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81312",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"followed by placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
947,
966
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81313",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo followed by anistreplase"
],
"offsets": [
[
1036,
1068
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81314",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pre-hospital thrombolytic strategy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1649,
1683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81315",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"median time delay"
],
"offsets": [
[
1110,
1127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81316",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"30-day mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
1194,
1210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81317",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"decrease in"
],
"offsets": [
[
1182,
1193
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81318",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac death"
],
"offsets": [
[
1306,
1319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81319",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"some complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
1444,
1462
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81320",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"overall incidence for serious complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
1547,
1590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81321",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"thrombolytic strategy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1662,
1683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81322",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial infarction"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81323",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effective and safe"
],
"offsets": [
[
1741,
1759
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81324",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"thrombolysis"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81325",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial infarction"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81326",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial infarction"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81327",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"5469 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
793
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81328 | 7593098 | [
{
"id": "81329",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Quantifying the extent of osteonecrosis of the femoral head . A new method using MRI . In a randomised trial comparing core decompression with conservative treatment we tested the hypothesis that the extent of necrosis at the initial MRI predicts the subsequent risk of collapse of the femoral head . After the initial clinical evaluation , including plain radiography and MRI , 37 hips with early-stage osteonecrosis ( ON ) in 33 patients were randomly assigned to a core-decompression group or a conservatively-treated group . All were followed regularly by clinical evaluation , plain radiography and MRI at intervals of three months . The extent of ON was estimated on the basis of abnormal signal intensity in the weight-bearing portion of the femoral head as determined from a combination of coronal and sagittal MRIs . The arc of the necrotic portion in the mid-coronal image ( A ) and that in the mid-sagittal image ( B ) were used to quantify the extent of necrosis by the formula : ( A/180 ) x ( B/180 ) x 100 . There was a strong correlation between this index and the risk of collapse before and after adjustment for age , gender , stage and treatment group . We conclude that the extent of the necrotic portion ascertain by this method is a major predictor of future collapse . We propose a systematic method of determining the index of the necrotic portion which may be clinically useful in the management of early-stage ON of the femoral head ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1459
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81330",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81331",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81332",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plain radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
351,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81333",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81334",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"core-decompression"
],
"offsets": [
[
468,
486
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81335",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"conservatively-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81336",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plain radiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
351,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81337",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81338",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"index and the risk of collapse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1096
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81339",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"extent of the necrotic portion"
],
"offsets": [
[
1193,
1223
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81340",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"necrotic portion"
],
"offsets": [
[
841,
857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81341",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"osteonecrosis of the femoral head ."
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81342",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"37 hips with early-stage osteonecrosis ( ON ) in 33 patients were randomly assigned"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
462
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81343 | 7593698 | [
{
"id": "81344",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The efficacy of a herbal-based toothpaste on the control of plaque and gingivitis . A double-blind controlled clinical trial with parallel groups was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a herbal-based toothpaste in the control of plaque and gingivitis as compared with a conventional dentifrice . 70 subjects with gingivitis completed the 6-week study . All participants had at least 20 natural teeth with no probing depths greater than 3 mm and a plaque index of 2 or more at baseline . At baseline , both groups were balanced for the parameters measured : plaque index , plaque vitality , gingival index , bleeding on probing and gingival crevicular fluid flow . At the end of the trial , there were reductions within both groups , however , there were no significant differences between the groups . It was concluded that the herbal based toothpaste was as effective as the conventionally formulated dentifrice in the control of plaque and gingivitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
964
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81345",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"herbal-based toothpaste"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81346",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"herbal-based toothpaste"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81347",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"conventional dentifrice ."
],
"offsets": [
[
280,
305
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81348",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"herbal based toothpaste"
],
"offsets": [
[
838,
861
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81349",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"conventionally formulated dentifrice"
],
"offsets": [
[
886,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81350",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plaque index , plaque vitality , gingival index , bleeding on probing and gingival crevicular fluid flow ."
],
"offsets": [
[
567,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81351",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"plaque and gingivitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81352",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"70 subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
317
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81353",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gingivitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81354 | 7595068 | [
{
"id": "81355",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of fats high in individual saturated fatty acids on plasma lipoprotein [ a ] levels in young healthy men . Plasma lipoprotein [ a ] ( Lp [ a ] ) is associated with atherogenesis and thrombogenesis . We examined how plasma Lp [ a ] in healthy young men was affected by fats high in stearic ( C18 ) , palmitic ( C16 ) , and lauric+myristic ( C12+ C14 ) acid ( experiment I , 15 subjects ) , and by fats high in myristic ( C14 ) and palmitic ( C16 ) acid ( experiment II , 12 subjects ) . Strictly controlled isocaloric diets with 36 % of energy from test fats were served in random order for 3 weeks separated by wash-out period ( s ) . Diets high in C18 gave significantly higher levels of Lp [ a ] ( 51 ( 12-560 ) mg/L ) than diets high in C16 ( 38 ( 12-533 mg/L ) ( P = 0.020 ) and C12 + C14 ( 34 ( 12-534 ) mg/L ) ( P = 0.002 ) . These differences were observed in several of the subjects in experiment I . In experiment II we saw no difference in plasma Lp [ a ] after diets high in C16 and C14 . Our observations suggest that a fat high in stearic acid might affect Lp [ a ] in a different way than fats high in palmitic and myristic+lauric acid . Lp [ a ] concentrations were not associate with changes in tissue-plasminogen activator ( t-PA ) activity , factor VII coagualant activity , or plasma LDL cholesterol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1327
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81356",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fats"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
14
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81357",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fats high in stearic ( C18 ) , palmitic ( C16 ) , and lauric+myristic ( C12+ C14 ) acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
275,
362
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81358",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"and by fats high in myristic ( C14 ) and palmitic ( C16 ) acid ( experiment"
],
"offsets": [
[
396,
471
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81359",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isocaloric diets"
],
"offsets": [
[
513,
529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81360",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Diets high in C18"
],
"offsets": [
[
642,
659
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81361",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"high in C16"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
750
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81362",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma lipoprotein [ a ] levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81363",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Plasma lipoprotein [ a ] ( Lp [ a ] )"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
151
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81364",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of Lp [ a ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
686,
704
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81365",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"differences"
],
"offsets": [
[
845,
856
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81366",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma Lp [ a ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81367",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Lp [ a ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81368",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Lp [ a ] concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1159,
1182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81369",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tissue-plasminogen activator ( t-PA ) activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1218,
1264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81370",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"factor VII coagualant activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1267,
1297
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81371",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma LDL cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
1303,
1325
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81372",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81373",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81374",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
108,
111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81375",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"experiment I , 15 subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81376",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"experiment II , 12 subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
461,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81377 | 7595712 | [
{
"id": "81378",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cisplatin plus etoposide with and without ifosfamide in extensive small-cell lung cancer : a Hoosier Oncology Group study . PURPOSE To determine whether the addition of ifosfamide to cisplatin plus etoposide improves the response rate , time to disease progression , or overall survival in previously untreated patients with extensive-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung ( SCLC ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with extensive SCLC with a Karnofsky performance score ( KPS ) > or = 50 and adequate renal function and bone marrow reserve were eligible . Patients with CNS metastases were eligible and received concurrent whole-brain radiotherapy . Patients were randomized to receive cisplatin ( 20 mg/m2 ) plus etoposide ( 100 mg/m2 ) ( VP ) both given intravenously ( i.v . ) on days 1 to 4 or cisplatin ( 20 mg/m2 ) , ifosfamide ( 1.2 g/m2 ) , and etoposide ( 75 mg/m2 ) ( VIP ) all given i.v . on days 1 to 4 . Cycles were repeated every 3 weeks for four cycles . RESULTS From May 1989 through March 1993 , 171 patients were randomized ( 84 to VP and 87 to VIP ) . The median follow-up duration is 26 months . All patients were assessable for survival ; 163 were fully assessable for response and 162 for toxicity . Myelosuppression was greater with VIP . Objective responses were observed in 55 of 82 ( 67 % ) and 59 of 81 ( 73 % ) assessable patients treated with VP and VIP , respectively ( difference not significant ) . The difference in the median time to progression was statistically different ( P = .039 ) . The median survival times on VP and VIP were 7.3 months and 9.0 months , respectively ( P = .045 for survival curves by stratified log-rank test ) with 2-year survival rates of 5 % versus 13 % , respectively . CONCLUSION VIP combination chemotherapy is associated with an improved time to progression and overall survival over VP therapy in patients with extensive SCLC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1894
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81379",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Cisplatin plus etoposide"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81380",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ifosfamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81381",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ifosfamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81382",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisplatin plus etoposide"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81383",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisplatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
192
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81384",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"etoposide"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81385",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisplatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
192
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81386",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ifosfamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81387",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"etoposide"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81388",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
221,
234
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81389",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to disease progression"
],
"offsets": [
[
237,
264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81390",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
286
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81391",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
278,
286
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81392",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"assessable for response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1175,
1198
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81393",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1211,
1219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81394",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Myelosuppression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1222,
1238
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81395",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"greater"
],
"offsets": [
[
1243,
1250
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81396",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Objective responses"
],
"offsets": [
[
1262,
1281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81397",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"median time to progression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81398",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"median survival times"
],
"offsets": [
[
1527,
1548
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81399",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"2-year survival rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1675,
1696
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81400",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time to progression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1460,
1479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81401",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
286
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81402",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lung cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81403",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"small-cell carcinoma of the lung ( SCLC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
341,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81404",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"171"
],
"offsets": [
[
1013,
1016
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81405",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"163"
],
"offsets": [
[
1160,
1163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81406",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"162"
],
"offsets": [
[
1203,
1206
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81407 | 7598920 | [
{
"id": "81408",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hemodynamic effects during induction , laryngoscopy , and intubation with eltanolone ( 5 beta-pregnanolone ) or propofol . A study in ASA I and II patients . STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cardiovascular changes following induction of anesthesia , laryngoscopy , and intubation in patients receiving a bolus dose of either eltanolone or propofol . DESIGN Randomized , controlled , blind , prospective clinical study . SETTING General operating theaters of a university hospital . PATIENTS 40 ASA status I and II patients scheduled for elective surgery . INTERVENTIONS Patients were premedicated with oral temazepam 20 mg. Anesthesia was induced with either eltanolone 0.58 mg/kg or propofol 1.7 mg/kg , neuromuscular blockade was achieved with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg , and anesthesia was maintained with enflurane 0.5 % to 1.0 % in nitrous oxide ( 67 % ) . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Blood pressure was measured using an automatic oscillometric technique , heart rate ( HR ) was derived from the ECG , oxygen saturation was measured by pulse oximetry , and cardiac output ( Q ) was measured by a thoracic bioimpedance technique . Induction of anesthesia with either drug , eltanolone or propofol , decreased arterial systolic ( SAP ) and diastolic ( DAP ) blood pressure , Q , and stroke volume ( SV ) . HR increased . Systemic vascular resistance ( SVR ) was unaltered . After laryngoscopy and intubation , SAP and DAP increased secondary to an increase in SVR . HR also increased ; SV decreased in patients receiving eltanolone . Side effects ( e.g. , apnea occurring for more than 30 seconds , involuntary movements , limb hypertonus ) occurred at a similar incidence with both treatments , but pain following injection was greater with propofol ( 59 % vs. 9 % ) . CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving either eltanolone or propofol showed similar cardiovascular changes to induction of anesthesia , although there were greater increases in arterial pressure and HR in those patients receiving eltanolone ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2004
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81409",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone ( 5 beta-pregnanolone )"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81410",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81411",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81412",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81413",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"premedicated with oral temazepam 20 mg. Anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
583,
633
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81414",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone 0.58 mg/kg or propofol 1.7 mg/kg , neuromuscular blockade was achieved with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg , and anesthesia was maintained with enflurane 0.5 % to 1.0 % in nitrous oxide ( 67 % ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
658,
855
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81415",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81416",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"propofol"
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81417",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
886,
900
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81418",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"automatic oscillometric technique"
],
"offsets": [
[
923,
956
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81419",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate ( HR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
959,
976
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81420",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxygen saturation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1004,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81421",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac output ( Q )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1059,
1079
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81422",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"arterial systolic ( SAP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1210,
1235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81423",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"diastolic ( DAP ) blood pressure , Q"
],
"offsets": [
[
1240,
1276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81424",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"stroke volume ( SV )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1283,
1303
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81425",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HR"
],
"offsets": [
[
972,
974
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81426",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Systemic vascular resistance ( SVR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1321,
1357
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81427",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SAP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1230,
1233
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81428",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"DAP"
],
"offsets": [
[
1252,
1255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81429",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SVR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1352,
1355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81430",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HR"
],
"offsets": [
[
972,
974
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81431",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SV"
],
"offsets": [
[
1299,
1301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81432",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"apnea occurring for more than 30 seconds , involuntary movements , limb hypertonus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1556,
1638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81433",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASA I and II patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
155
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81434",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"scheduled for elective surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
522,
552
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81435 | 7608035 | [
{
"id": "81436",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Brief report : a pilot study of auditory integration training in autism ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
73
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81437",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"auditory integration training"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81438",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism ."
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81439 | 7608801 | [
{
"id": "81440",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized , controlled trial of the efficacy of a heparin and vancomycin solution in preventing central venous catheter infections in children . OBJECTIVE To determine whether adding vancomycin to central venous catheter ( CVC ) flush solution would significantly reduce the incidence of bacteremia attributable to luminal colonization with vancomycin-susceptible organisms . STUDY DESIGN Fifty-five children with cancer and eight children given total parenteral nutrition by the surgery or nutrition support services were randomly assigned to receive a heparin CVC flush solution ( n = 31 ) or a heparin-vancomycin CVC flush solution ( n = 32 ) . RESULTS During 9158 catheter days , 6.5 % of the patients in the heparin group and 15.6 % of the patients in the heparin-vancomycin group had bacteremia attributable to luminal colonization with vancomycin-susceptible organisms ( p = 0.43 ) . The mean rates of bacteremia attributable to luminal colonization with vancomycin-susceptible organisms were 0.6/1000 catheter days in the heparin group and 1.4/1000 catheter days in the heparin-vancomycin group ( p = 0.25 ) . There was no significant difference between the groups when the time to the first episode of bacteremia attributable to luminal colonization with a vancomycin-susceptible organism was compared by means of Kaplan-Meier survival estimates . Streptococcus viridans infection was not attributable to luminal colonization . CONCLUSION The addition of vancomycin to heparin CVC flush solution did not reduce bacteremia with vancomycin-susceptible organisms . Bacteremia with Streptococcus viridans was not related to the use of a CVC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1650
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81441",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"heparin"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81442",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81443",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vancomycin"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81444",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"central venous catheter ( CVC ) flush"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81445",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"heparin CVC flush solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
557,
583
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81446",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"heparin-vancomycin CVC flush solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
600,
637
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81447",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81448",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"central venous catheter infections"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81449",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean rates of bacteremia"
],
"offsets": [
[
898,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81450",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"time to the first episode of bacteremia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1185,
1224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81451",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Streptococcus viridans infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
1360,
1392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81452",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bacteremia"
],
"offsets": [
[
291,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81453",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Bacteremia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1574,
1584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81454",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"central venous catheter infections"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81455",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81456",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-five"
],
"offsets": [
[
392,
402
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81457",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81458",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
417,
423
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81459",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
428,
433
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81460",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81461",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"total parenteral nutrition by the surgery or nutrition support services"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
520
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81462 | 7612555 | [
{
"id": "81463",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Prospective trial of intraoperative mitomycin C in the treatment of primary pterygium . AIMS A prospective , randomised , double blind , placebo controlled study of intraoperative mitomycin C as adjunctive treatment of primary pterygium was conducted . METHODS A total of 66 eyes of 54 patients with primary pterygium were treated with excision , with or without a single intraoperative application of mitomycin C ( 0.1 mg/ml for 5 minutes ) to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of this adjunctive treatment . The mean follow up was 14.1 months ( range 12-23 months ) . RESULTS Of the 36 eyes that underwent simple excision , 14 ( 38.8 % ) exhibited recurrences whereas only one of 30 eyes ( 3.33 % ) treated with excision and intraoperative application of mitomycin C had recurrence ( p = 0.0006 ) . Neither serious ocular complications nor systemic toxicity were noted in the mitomycin C treated group . CONCLUSION Intraoperative mitomycin C appears to be an effective and safe adjunctive treatment of primary pterygium ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1024
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81464",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intraoperative mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81465",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81466",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intraoperative mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81467",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"excision , with or without a single intraoperative application of mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
336,
413
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81468",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81469",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81470",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81471",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
458,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81472",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrences"
],
"offsets": [
[
651,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81473",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
651,
661
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81474",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"ocular complications nor systemic toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
818,
860
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81475",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"primary pterygium"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81476",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"54"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
285
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81477 | 7616334 | [
{
"id": "81478",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Primary care-based ambulatory opioid detoxification : the results of a clinical trial . OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of primary care-based ambulatory opioid detoxification ( AOD ) using two protocols : clonidine and clonidine plus naltrexone . SETTING The Central Medical Unit ( CMU ) -- a freestanding primary care medical clinic staffed by physicians and nurse practitioners . PATIENTS Injection drug users ( IDUs ) seeking substance abuse treatment between the ages of 18 and 50 years who were addicted to opioids ( e.g. , heroin ) and not currently in drug treatment . INTERVENTIONS In the clonidine protocol , clonidine was administered every 4 hours \" as needed \" for up to 12 days . In the clonidine plus naltrexone protocol , clonidine was administered and naltrexone was administered in increasing doses over five days . Both protocols included \" adjuvant \" medications for muscle cramps , insomnia , and vomiting . Successfully detoxified patients were referred to ongoing drug treatment . DESIGN A prospective nonrandomized clinical trial . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS One hundred forty opioid-addicted IDUs were referred to the medical clinic for AOD . Among the 125 patients who enrolled in the study , 57 selected clonidine and 68 selected clonidine/naltrexone . The treatment groups ( clonidine vs clonidine/naltrexone ) were similar at baseline with respect to : age at first heroin use ( 21 years vs 23 years ) , mean admission opioid craving score ( 45/100 vs 49/100 ) , and withdrawal symptom score ( 19/72 vs 18/72 ) . Overall , 70 % ( 88/125 ) of the AODs were successful , including 42 % ( 24/57 ) for clonidine and 94 % ( 64/68 ) for clonidine/naltrexone ( p < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that primary care-based AOD can be safely and effectively carried out by primary care providers and that clonidine/naltrexone may be more effective in this setting than is clonidine alone . Ambulatory opioid detoxification can give internists a larger role in initiating drug treatment for IDUs who are addicted to opioids ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2062
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81479",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
212,
221
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81480",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine plus naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81481",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
212,
221
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81482",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine plus naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81483",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81484",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"feasibility"
],
"offsets": [
[
115,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81485",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"primary care-based ambulatory opioid detoxification ( AOD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
130,
189
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81486",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mean admission opioid craving score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1442,
1477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81487",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"withdrawal symptom score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1505,
1529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81488",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"AODs"
],
"offsets": [
[
1584,
1588
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81489",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"substance abuse"
],
"offsets": [
[
436,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81490",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"18 and 50 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
482,
497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81491",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One hundred forty"
],
"offsets": [
[
1092,
1109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81492",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"125"
],
"offsets": [
[
1187,
1190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81493",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"57"
],
"offsets": [
[
1228,
1230
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81494",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"68"
],
"offsets": [
[
1254,
1256
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81495",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"addicted to opioids"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
526
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81496 | 7617857 | [
{
"id": "81497",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy on mammographic density and parenchymal pattern . PURPOSE To measure changes and predictors of change in mammograms obtained in postmenopausal women undergoing continuous combined hormonal replacement therapy ( HRT ) . MATERIALS AND METHODS Mammograms of 41 postmenopausal women obtained before and 1 year after the initiation of HRT were evaluated blindly according to the quantitative density percentage method and the Wolfe classification system . RESULTS Mammographic densities increased compared with baseline values in 73 % of subjects ( mean increase , 6.7 % ; 95 % confidence interval , 2.5 % , 11.0 % ; P = .003 ) . A shift in Wolfe classification from lower to greater parenchymal density was noted in 24 % of subjects ( P = .016 ) . Multivariate analysis results indicated that the lower the tissue density percentage before treatment , the greater the increase in density percentage after treatment . CONCLUSION An increase in mammographic density was demonstrated in most subjects undergoing continuous combined HRT and was most pronounced in subjects with a lower baseline density percentage ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1161
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81498",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81499",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"hormonal replacement therapy ( HRT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
234,
270
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81500",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Mammograms"
],
"offsets": [
[
295,
305
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81501",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"HRT"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81502",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mammographic density"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81503",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"parenchymal pattern"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81504",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mammographic densities"
],
"offsets": [
[
513,
535
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81505",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower to greater parenchymal density"
],
"offsets": [
[
716,
752
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81506",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tissue density percentage"
],
"offsets": [
[
857,
882
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81507",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increase in density percentage"
],
"offsets": [
[
918,
948
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81508",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mammographic density"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81509",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"postmenopausal women undergoing continuous combined hormonal replacement therapy ( HRT ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
182,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81510",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"41 postmenopausal women obtained before and 1 year after the initiation of HRT"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
387
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81511 | 7620474 | [
{
"id": "81512",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A controlled trial of cisapride in anorexia nervosa . To determine the efficacy of cisapride , 10 mg three times daily , in improving gastric emptying , reducing distress during meals , and facilitating weight gain in anorexia nervosa , we conducted an 8-week , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled trial on 29 inpatients . Measures included scintigraphic gastric emptying studies at 0 , 2 , 4 , and 8 weeks ; subjective distress during meals measured by visual analogue scales ; self-rating of degree of global improvement in symptoms associated with eating at end of study ; and weight measured weekly . Gastric emptying improved significantly but equally in both groups over the study period . Yet subjective measures were better in the cisapride group ; they rated themselves as more hungry ( p = .02 ) and more improved on the global measure of change in symptoms ( p = .02 ) . Even so , the cisapride group did not gain more weight . The correlation between gastric emptying and weight gain was modest ( r = .30 ; p = .11 ) , and between gastric emptying and the subjective measures , virtually absent ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1119
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81513",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81514",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81515",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
290,
308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81516",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81517",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81518",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric emptying"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81519",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"distress during meals"
],
"offsets": [
[
162,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81520",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"weight gain"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
214
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81521",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"subjective distress during meals"
],
"offsets": [
[
420,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81522",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"visual analogue scales"
],
"offsets": [
[
465,
487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81523",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"self-rating of degree of global improvement in symptoms associated with eating"
],
"offsets": [
[
490,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81524",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81525",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Gastric emptying"
],
"offsets": [
[
616,
632
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81526",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"hungry"
],
"offsets": [
[
798,
804
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81527",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"change in symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
860,
878
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81528",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81529",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric emptying"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81530",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"weight gain"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
214
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81531",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric emptying"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81532",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"anorexia nervosa"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81533",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"anorexia nervosa"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81534",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"29"
],
"offsets": [
[
318,
320
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81535",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"both"
],
"offsets": [
[
671,
675
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81536",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81537",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81538 | 7635420 | [
{
"id": "81539",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Synthesis of interleukin-1 beta in primary biliary cirrhosis : relationship to treatment with methotrexate or colchicine and disease progression . Primary biliary cirrhosis ( PBC ) is a chronic , progressive , cholestatic liver disease . Interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1 beta ) may play a role in the pathogenesis of PBC by contributing to altered immune function and fibrosis . Colchicine or methotrexate has some beneficial effects in the treatment of PBC , and also affects interleukin-1 ( IL-1 ) . Therefore , we prospectively studied the synthesis of IL-1 beta by peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC ) from 42 patients with PBC entered into a randomized , double-blind , double-dummy controlled trial of colchicine and methotrexate . PBMC obtained at entry , 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months were stimulated to produce IL-1 beta with phytohemagglutinin ( PHA ) , lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) , Staphylococcus epidermidis , recombinant IL-2 , or mitochondrial antigen . Patients in the two treatment groups did not differ at entry in biochemical measures or liver histological stage . Over 24 months in both groups , serum bilirubin and histologic stage remained stable and alkaline phosphatase decreased significantly . For all patients , synthesis of IL-1 beta increased constitutively and in response to immune-mediated stimulants ( PHA , IL-2 , and mitochondrial antigen ) but not the bacterial stimulants LPS or S epidermidis . Compared with levels of IL-1 beta at entry , PHA induced increases for patients treated with methotrexate ( 12 , 18 , and 24 months ) or colchicine ( 18 and 24 months ) . At 24 months , IL-2-induced IL-1 beta synthesis was increased in patients treated with methotrexate , whereas S epidermidis-induced IL-1 beta was enhanced in colchicine-treated patients . Before treatment , IL-1 beta production did not relate to severity of disease except in response to S epidermidis . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1939
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81540",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methotrexate"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81541",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"colchicine"
],
"offsets": [
[
110,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81542",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Colchicine"
],
"offsets": [
[
372,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81543",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methotrexate"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81544",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"colchicine"
],
"offsets": [
[
110,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81545",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methotrexate"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81546",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methotrexate"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81547",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"colchicine-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1758,
1776
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81548",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Interleukin-1 beta ( IL-1 beta )"
],
"offsets": [
[
238,
270
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81549",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"interleukin-1 ( IL-1 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
470,
494
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81550",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IL-1 beta"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81551",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"biochemical measures or liver histological stage ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1030,
1080
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81552",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum bilirubin and histologic stage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1113,
1149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81553",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"alkaline phosphatase"
],
"offsets": [
[
1170,
1190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81554",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"synthesis of IL-1 beta"
],
"offsets": [
[
536,
558
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81555",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IL-2-induced IL-1 beta synthesis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1615,
1647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81556",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"S epidermidis-induced IL-1 beta"
],
"offsets": [
[
1710,
1741
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81557",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"primary biliary cirrhosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81558",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Primary biliary cirrhosis ( PBC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
147,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81559",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"liver disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81560",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"42"
],
"offsets": [
[
611,
613
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81561",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PBC"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81562 | 7640140 | [
{
"id": "81563",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of non-invasive methods for the assessment of haemodynamic drug effects in healthy male and female volunteers : sex differences in cardiovascular responsiveness . 1 . The study was performed to determine the sensitivity and short-term and day-to-day variability of a novel technique based on laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations and of non-invasive methods for the quantification of haemodynamic drug effects . An additional aim was to assess sex differences in haemodynamic responsiveness to cardiovascular drugs in male and female healthy volunteers . 2 . Ten males and nine females ( age range 20-33 years ) were studied in a double-blind , randomized , cross-over trial . Simultaneous measurements from systemic haemodynamics , laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations , systolic time intervals from mechanocardiography , a/b ratio from oxymetric fingerplethysmography and Doppler sonography of the radial artery were used to describe the haemodynamic effects of cumulative , stepwise increasing intravenous doses of phenylephrine , isoprenaline , sodium nitroprusside and of placebo . 3 . Laser interferometry detected the isoprenaline-effects at the lowest dose level of 0.1 micrograms min-1 with a high signal-to-noise ratio . The reproducibility of measurements under baseline was high , no changes were observed after systemically effective doses of phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside . Systolic time intervals were sensitive and specific for isoprenaline-induced effects , PEP and QS2c-measurements had high reproducibility . Fingerplethysmography proved a sensitive measurement for the detection of the vasodilating effects of sodium nitroprusside , but was not specific , and showed low reproducibility . Measurements from Doppler sonography had lower reproducibility and sensitivity compared with the other applied methods . 4 . There was a significant sex difference for several of the haemodynamic parameters under baseline conditions ; however , the responsiveness to the drugs under study was not different , when drug effects were expressed as % -change from the baseline . 5 . Laser interferometry is a valuable non-invasive , highly sensitive and specific approach for the detection of pulse pressure changes . A battery of non-invasive tests appears useful for the characterization of cardiovascular drugs . Gender differences may not pose a relevant problem for the study of acute haemodynamic effects of cardiovascular drugs ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2483
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81564",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"non-invasive methods"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81565",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"haemodynamic"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81566",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations"
],
"offsets": [
[
303,
351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81567",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"non-invasive methods"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81568",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"haemodynamics"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
752
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81569",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations"
],
"offsets": [
[
303,
351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81570",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"mechanocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
835,
854
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81571",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"oxymetric fingerplethysmography"
],
"offsets": [
[
872,
903
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81572",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Doppler sonography"
],
"offsets": [
[
908,
926
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81573",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intravenous doses of phenylephrine"
],
"offsets": [
[
1031,
1065
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81574",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoprenaline"
],
"offsets": [
[
1068,
1080
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81575",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium nitroprusside"
],
"offsets": [
[
1083,
1103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81576",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1111,
1118
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81577",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Laser interferometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
1125,
1145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81578",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"systemic haemodynamics , laser interferometry of ocular fundus pulsations , systolic time intervals from mechanocardiography , a/b ratio from oxymetric fingerplethysmography and Doppler sonography of the radial artery"
],
"offsets": [
[
730,
947
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81579",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"reproducibility and sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1798,
1829
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81580",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ten"
],
"offsets": [
[
581,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81581",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
585,
590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81582",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
595,
599
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81583",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"females"
],
"offsets": [
[
600,
607
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81584 | 7643653 | [
{
"id": "81585",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"In vivo assessment of catheter-tip PO2 sensor : sampling lumen fabrication . Fabrication of the sampling lumen of an intra-arterial PO2 sensor is performed in standard catheters mechanically or by laser . Clinical evaluation is performed with respect to catheter insertion , complications , accuracy of oxygen sensor data and fibrin deposition on the catheter surface . The success rate for catheter insertion is 57 % for 138 standard and 50 % for 74 laser-cut catheters studied . The proportion of catheter failures ( blocked or non-reading ) is 14 % in laser-cut compared with 30 % in standard . These differences are not statistically significant at the 5 % level . There is no clinically significant difference in sensor accuracy , with 37.5 % of results within +/- 0.05 kPa and 80 % within +/- 2.0 kPa of simultaneous blood gas values . Drift is within +/- 0.3 kPa h-1 for 78 % of monitoring time . Significant errors of recalibration occur in 6 % of calibrations . Scanning electron micrographs demonstrate a much smaller sampling lumen in the laser-cut group , but no reduction in fibrin deposition at the site of the sampling hole . The low success rate for catheter insertion is a problem because of cost implications . The accuracy of the system is usually sufficient for clinical purposes , provided the calibration is checked every 4 h ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1349
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81586",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"catheter-tip PO2 sensor :"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81587",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"intra-arterial PO2 sensor"
],
"offsets": [
[
117,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81588",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81589",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"assessment"
],
"offsets": [
[
8,
18
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81590",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"catheter insertion , complications , accuracy of oxygen sensor data and fibrin deposition on the catheter surface"
],
"offsets": [
[
254,
367
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81591",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"success rate for catheter insertion"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
409
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81592",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"catheter failures ( blocked or non-reading )"
],
"offsets": [
[
499,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81593",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"sensor accuracy"
],
"offsets": [
[
718,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81594",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Drift"
],
"offsets": [
[
842,
847
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81595",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Significant errors of recalibration"
],
"offsets": [
[
904,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81596",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"sampling lumen"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
62
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81597",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"fibrin deposition"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81598",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"success rate for catheter insertion"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
409
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81599",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"accuracy"
],
"offsets": [
[
291,
299
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81600",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"catheter-tip"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81601",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"catheters"
],
"offsets": [
[
168,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81602",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81603",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81604",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"138 standard"
],
"offsets": [
[
422,
434
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81605",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"74 laser-cut"
],
"offsets": [
[
448,
460
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81606",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"catheters"
],
"offsets": [
[
168,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81607 | 7644960 | [
{
"id": "81608",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized trial of exercise therapy in patients with acute low back pain . Efficacy on sickness absence . STUDY DESIGN A randomized , placebo-controlled trial in which patients received either usual care by a general practitioner ( information and analgesics ) , or placebo physiotherapy given by a physiotherapist , or exercise therapy given by a physiotherapist . OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of exercise therapy on sickness absence from work in patients with acute low back pain . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Exercise therapy during the nonchronic phase of back pain is considered to reduce sickness absence , but this opinion is controversial . METHODS Patients with acute nonspecific low back pain and a paid job were included for analysis . Sickness absence ( number of days ) was checked monthly during the 1-year follow-up period and compliance was also assessed . RESULTS From 40 general practices 363 patients who were gainfully employed were included . In the exercise therapy group the percentage of patients with sickness absence was higher and the duration of absence was longer than in the placebo and usual care groups , but these differences were not significant . Indications of more absence in the exercise therapy group appeared to be based largely on a greater number of patients with absences during the first 3 months . Patients in the exercise group who had not reported sick at entry had more sickness absences during the follow-up year than patients in the usual care and placebo group . Good compliance did not affect the results . CONCLUSIONS Exercise therapy for patients with acute low back pain does not reduce sickness absence ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1666
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81609",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81610",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
155
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81611",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"usual care"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81612",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo physiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
269,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81613",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81614",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81615",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
518,
534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81616",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81617",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81618",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"usual care"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81619",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise therapy group"
],
"offsets": [
[
977,
999
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81620",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise group"
],
"offsets": [
[
1365,
1379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81621",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"usual care"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81622",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
137,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81623",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Exercise therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
518,
534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81624",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81625",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absence from work"
],
"offsets": [
[
425,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81626",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81627",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Sickness absence ( number of days )"
],
"offsets": [
[
753,
788
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81628",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"compliance"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
858
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81629",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81630",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration of absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
1068,
1087
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81631",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81632",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absences"
],
"offsets": [
[
1424,
1441
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81633",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"compliance"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
858
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81634",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sickness absence"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81635",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute low back pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81636",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute nonspecific low back pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
677,
708
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81637",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"paid job"
],
"offsets": [
[
715,
723
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81638",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"363"
],
"offsets": [
[
913,
916
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81639 | 7646610 | [
{
"id": "81640",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Paracervical anesthesia for outpatient hysteroscopy . One hundred seventy-seven women aged 41 +/- 8 ( mean +/- SD ) years , referred for evaluation of excessive uterine bleeding , were enrolled in an open-label randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of local anesthesia before hysteroscopy in an outpatient population . The patients underwent hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy with paracervical block by 10 mL of 1 % mepivacaine hydrochloride solution ( n = 87 ) or no local anesthesia ( n = 90 ) and assessed lower abdominal and pelvic pain according to a 10-point linear analog scale . The mean +/- SD pain score was 4.5 +/- 2.0 at hysteroscopy and 5.2 +/- 2.1 at endometrial biopsy in the 87 subjects given a paracervical block versus 4.9 +/- 2.2 and 5.7 +/- 2.4 in the 90 women not given local anesthesia , without statistically significant differences . Paracervical anesthesia for routine outpatient hysteroscopy in premenopausal women may be superfluous ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
967
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81641",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"local anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
256,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81642",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy"
],
"offsets": [
[
346,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81643",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"paracervical block by 10 mL of 1 % mepivacaine hydrochloride solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
456
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81644",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"no local anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
471,
490
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81645",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Paracervical anesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81646",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"outpatient hysteroscopy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
28,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81647",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hysteroscopy"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81648",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hysteroscopy"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81649",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean +/- SD pain score"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81650",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"outpatient hysteroscopy"
],
"offsets": [
[
28,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81651",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One hundred seventy-seven"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81652",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81653",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"41 +/- 8"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81654",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"excessive uterine bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
151,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81655",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"premenopausal"
],
"offsets": [
[
927,
940
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81656 | 7649753 | [
{
"id": "81657",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Are PRO discharge screens associated with postdischarge adverse outcomes ? OBJECTIVE We evaluate whether patient outcomes may be affected by possible errors in care at discharge as assessed by Peer Review Organizations ( PROs ) . DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING The three data sources for the study were ( 1 ) the generic screen results of a 3 percent random sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 years or older who were admitted to California hospitals between 1 July 1987 and 30 June 1988 ( n = 20,136 patients ) ; ( 2 ) the 1987 and 1988 California Medicare Provided Analysis and Review ( MEDPAR ) data files ; and ( 3 ) the American Hospital Association ( AHA ) 1988 Annual Survey of Hospitals . STUDY DESIGN Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the results of generic discharge administered by the PROs and two patient outcomes : mortality and readmission within 30 days . The analysis was adjusted for other patient characteristics recorded on the uniform discharge abstract . PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Four discharge screens indicated an increased risk of an adverse outcome-absence of documentation of discharge planning , elevated temperature , abnormal pulse , and unaddressed abnormal test results at discharge . The other three discharge screens examined-abnormal blood pressure , IV fluids or drugs , and wound drainage before discharge-were unrelated to postdischarge adverse outcomes . CONCLUSIONS Generic discharge screens based on inadequate discharge planning , abnormal pulse , increased temperature , or unaddressed abnormal tests may be important indicators of substandard care . Other discharge screens apparently do not detect errors in care associated with major consequences for patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1754
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81658",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"PRO discharge screens"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81659",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"generic screen results"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
331
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81660",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"Analysis and Review ( MEDPAR ) data files ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
567,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81661",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"Multivariate logistic regression analysis"
],
"offsets": [
[
710,
751
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81662",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Generic discharge screens"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1478
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81663",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"risk of an adverse outcome-absence of documentation of discharge planning"
],
"offsets": [
[
1095,
1168
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81664",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"elevated temperature"
],
"offsets": [
[
1171,
1191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81665",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"abnormal pulse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1194,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81666",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"unaddressed abnormal test results"
],
"offsets": [
[
1215,
1248
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81667",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"examined-abnormal blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1298,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81668",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IV fluids or drugs"
],
"offsets": [
[
1333,
1351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81669",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"wound drainage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1358,
1372
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81670",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"abnormal pulse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1194,
1208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81671",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased temperature"
],
"offsets": [
[
1537,
1558
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81672",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"unaddressed abnormal tests"
],
"offsets": [
[
1564,
1590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81673",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"The three data sources for the study were ( 1 ) the generic screen results of a 3 percent random sample of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 years or older who were admitted to California hospitals between 1 July 1987 and 30 June 1988 ( n = 20,136 patients ) ; ( 2 ) the 1987 and 1988 California Medicare Provided Analysis and Review ( MEDPAR ) data files ; and ( 3 ) the American Hospital Association ( AHA ) 1988 Annual Survey of Hospitals ."
],
"offsets": [
[
257,
696
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81674 | 7650233 | [
{
"id": "81675",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Does tetanus immune globulin interfere with the immune response to simultaneous administration of tetanus-diphtheria vaccine ? A comparative clinical trial in adults . In the management of wounds , sometimes it is recommended to give an adult-type tetanus-diphtheria ( Td ) vaccine dose plus tetanus immune globulin ( TIG ) . Sixty and 59 healthy young adults previously immunized against tetanus ( T ) and diphtheria ( D ) were randomized to receive intramuscularly either Td vaccine alone ( group 1 ) or Td vaccine plus 500 IU of TIG ( group 2 ) simultaneously . Antitoxin response was assessed after 4 weeks and 4 months . Circulating antibodies were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . The cutoff of these tests was 0.1 IU/mL . Titers of 0.1 IU/mL or greater were considered protective . For geometric mean titers ( GMT ) , antibody titers below the cutoff of the assay were given , arbitrarily , 0.05 IU/mL . At 4 weeks , 98 % or more of the subjects in group 1 had circulating T and D antitoxin levels of 0.1 IU/mL or higher ; in group 2 , 95 % and 90 % of the subjects had titers above this limit for T and D , respectively . At 4 months , these percentages were 98 % and 95 % for T antitoxin levels in groups 1 and 2 , respectively ; whereas 96 % and 88 % of the subjects in groups 1 and 2 had D antitoxin levels of 0.1 IU/mL or higher , respectively . Significantly ( P < .05 ) higher GMTs were seen at the 4-week assessment ( but not at 4 months ) in group 1 , as compared with group 2 , in both T and D antitoxin levels ( 9.91 IU/mL versus 5.60 IU/mL for T antitoxin , and 2.86 IU/mL versus 1.45 IU/mL for D antitoxin ) . This finding resulted from those participants with low ( < 0.1 IU/mL ) prevaccination antibody titers . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1794
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81676",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetanus immune globulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
5,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81677",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetanus-diphtheria vaccine"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81678",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetanus-diphtheria ( Td ) vaccine"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81679",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tetanus immune globulin ( TIG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
323
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81680",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"Td vaccine alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
474,
490
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81681",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"( group 1 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
491,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81682",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Td vaccine plus 500 IU of TIG"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
535
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81683",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"immune response"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81684",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Antitoxin response"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
583
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81685",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"antibody titers"
],
"offsets": [
[
850,
865
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81686",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"circulating T and D antitoxin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
993,
1029
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81687",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"T antitoxin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1210,
1228
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81688",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"D antitoxin levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1011,
1029
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81689",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81690",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Sixty and 59"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81691",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
339,
346
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81692",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
347,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81693",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"previously immunized against tetanus ( T ) and diphtheria ( D )"
],
"offsets": [
[
360,
423
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81694 | 7654128 | [
{
"id": "81695",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Failure of naltrexone hydrochloride to reduce self-injurious and autistic behavior in mentally retarded adults . Double-blind placebo-controlled studies . BACKGROUND It is hypothesized that self-injurious behavior ( SIB ) and symptoms of autism may be due to overactivity in some opioid systems in the brain . We examined the efficacy and safety of naltrexone hydrochloride , an opioid antagonist , in the treatment of SIB and autism in mentally retarded adults . METHOD Thirty-three mentally retarded adults with autism and/or SIB participated in double-blind , placebo-controlled crossover studies . Active treatment was first a single 100-mg dose of naltrexone hydrochloride . Subsequently , 19 subjects were treated with 50 mg/d and 14 with 150 mg/d of naltrexone hydrochloride for 4 weeks . The outcome was assessed by means of direct observations ( n = 11 ) and on the basis of scores on a list of target behaviors , the Aberrant Behavior Checklist , and the Clinical Global Impression Scale . RESULTS Thirty-two subjects ( seven with autism , 16 with autism and SIB , and nine with SIB ) completed the trial . Naltrexone treatment failed to have therapeutic effects on SIB and autism . On the contrary , naltrexone increased the incidence of stereotypic behavior on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist , and the care staff evaluated the effect of the 50-mg/d treatment as being significantly worse than that of the placebo treatment as measured by the Clinical Global Impression Scale . CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that naltrexone has no clinical value for a broad group of mentally retarded subjects with SIB and/or autism ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1632
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81696",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone hydrochloride"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81697",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
126,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81698",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone hydrochloride"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81699",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
126,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81700",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone hydrochloride"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81701",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone hydrochloride"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81702",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
1117,
1127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81703",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81704",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
345
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81705",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"list of target behaviors , the Aberrant Behavior Checklist , and the Clinical Global Impression Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
896,
997
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81706",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"failed"
],
"offsets": [
[
1138,
1144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81707",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"increased the incidence of stereotypic behavior on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist"
],
"offsets": [
[
1222,
1304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81708",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"significantly worse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1381,
1400
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81709",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Clinical Global Impression Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
997
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81710",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"SIB and autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
419,
433
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81711",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
471,
483
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81712",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81713 | 7655889 | [
{
"id": "81714",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Movement-related potentials in Parkinson 's disease . Presence and predictability of temporal and spatial cues . Activity of the supplementary motor area may be inferred from movement-related potentials ( MRPs ) which are associated with the preparation and execution of voluntary , or internally determined movements . Supplementary motor area activity may be abnormal in Parkinson 's disease since its major input from the basal ganglia is disrupted . Investigation of the abnormalities in supplementary motor area activity associated with movement deficits in Parkinson 's disease may therefore reveal functions of the basal ganglia and the supplementary motor area . Movement-related potentials associated with sequential movements were investigated under various cueing conditions in Parkinson 's disease subjects and age-matched controls . In controls , MRPs revealed involvement of the supplementary motor area in movements which can be internally determined ( non-cued and externally cued , predictable movements , but not unpredictable movements ) . In Parkinson 's disease , however , the supplementary motor area was only involved in movements which must be internally determined ( non-cued movements , but not externally cued movements ) ; therefore impaired internal control mechanisms , operating via the supplementary motor area , are bypassed when external cues are given . As a result , Parkinson 's disease patients are more reliant on external cues and are unable to use predictive models to internally guide movement . Supplementary motor area involvement also relied on the predictability ( in controls ) or presence ( in Parkinson 's disease ) of timing cues and not spatial cues , indicating a role of the supplementary motor area and basal ganglia in the temporal organizations of sequential movement rather than the programming of specific movements . For non-cued movements , abnormalities in MRPs for Parkinson 's disease subjects consisted of delayed MRP onset and peak times , and prolonged cortical activity following movement . These observations led to a proposed model of the interaction between the basal ganglia and the supplementary motor area , involving the temporal organization of voluntary and internally determined sequential movements ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2279
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81715",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Movement-related potentials"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81716",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"movement-related potentials ( MRPs )"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
211
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81717",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Movement-related potentials"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81718",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
835,
843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81719",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"non-cued"
],
"offsets": [
[
968,
976
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81720",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"externally cued"
],
"offsets": [
[
981,
996
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81721",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"predictable"
],
"offsets": [
[
999,
1010
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81722",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"not unpredictable"
],
"offsets": [
[
1027,
1044
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81723",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"not externally cued"
],
"offsets": [
[
1218,
1237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81724",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"timing cues"
],
"offsets": [
[
1669,
1680
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81725",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"delayed MRP onset"
],
"offsets": [
[
1971,
1988
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81726",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"peak times"
],
"offsets": [
[
1993,
2003
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81727",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81728",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81729",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81730",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81731 | 7670096 | [
{
"id": "81732",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Results of a phase I/II trial of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in very low birthweight neonates : significant induction of circulatory neutrophils , monocytes , platelets , and bone marrow neutrophils . Neonates , especially those of very low birthweight ( VLBW ) , have an increased risk of nosocomial infections secondary to deficiencies in development . We previously demonstrated that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( GM-CSF ) production and mRNA expression from stimulated neonatal mononuclear cells are significantly less than that from adult cells . Recombinant murine GM-CSF administration to neonatal rats has resulted in neutrophilia , increased neutrophil production , and increased survival of pups during experimental Staphylococcus aureus sepsis . In the present study , we sought to determine the safety and biologic response of recombinant human ( rhu ) GM-CSF in VLBW neonates . Twenty VLBW neonates ( 500 to 1,500 g ) , aged < 72 hours , were randomized to receive either placebo ( n = 5 ) or rhuGM-CSF at 5.0 micrograms/kg once per day ( n = 5 ) , 5.0 micrograms/kg twice per day ( n = 5 ) , or 10 micrograms/kg once per day ( n = 5 ) given via 2-hour intravenous infusion for 7 days . Complete blood counts , differential , and platelet counts were obtained , and tibial bone marrow aspirate was performed on day 8 . Neutrophil C3bi receptor expression was measured at 0 and 24 hours . GM-CSF levels were measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 2 , 4 , 6 , 12 , and 24 hours after the first dose of rhuGM-CSF . At all doses , rhuGM-CSF was well tolerated , and there was no evidence of grade III or IV toxicity . Within 48 hours of administration , there was a significant increase in the circulating absolute neutrophil count ( ANC ) at 5.0 micrograms/kg twice per day and 10.0 micrograms/kg once per day , which continued for at least 24 hours after discontinuation of rhuGM-CSF . When the ANC was normalized for each patient 's first ANC , there was a significant increase in the ANC on days 6 and 7 at each dose level . By day 7 , all tested doses of rhuGM-CSF resulted in an increase in the absolute monocyte count ( AMC ) compared with placebo-treated neonates . In those receiving rhuGM-CSF 5.0 micrograms/kg twice per day , there was additionally a significant increase in the day 7 and 8 platelet count . Tibial bone marrow aspirates demonstrated a significant increase in the bone marrow neutrophil storage pool ( BM NSP ) at 5.0 micrograms/kg twice per day and 10.0 micrograms/kg once per day . Neutrophil C3bi receptor expression was significantly increased 24 hours after the first dose of rhuGM-CSF at 5.0 micrograms/kg once per day . The elimination half-life ( T1/2 ) of rhuGM-CSF was 1.4 +/- 0.8 to 3.9 +/- 2.8 hours . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2866
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81733",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81734",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Recombinant murine GM-CSF administration"
],
"offsets": [
[
612,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81735",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"recombinant human ( rhu ) GM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
899,
931
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81736",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1045,
1052
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81737",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81738",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81739",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81740",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1594,
1605
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81741",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81742",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81743",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"rhuGM-CSF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1075
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81744",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GM-CSF levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1461,
1474
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81745",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"grade III or IV toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1681,
1705
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81746",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"circulating absolute neutrophil count ( ANC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1784,
1829
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81747",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ANC"
],
"offsets": [
[
1824,
1827
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81748",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"absolute monocyte count ( AMC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
2191,
2222
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81749",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"day 7 and 8 platelet count"
],
"offsets": [
[
2380,
2406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81750",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bone marrow neutrophil storage pool ( BM NSP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
2481,
2527
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81751",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Neutrophil C3bi receptor expression"
],
"offsets": [
[
1392,
1427
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81752 | 7672876 | [
{
"id": "81753",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Efficacy of Contractubex gel in the treatment of fresh scars after thoracic surgery in children and adolescents . Scar development was investigated in 45 young patients who had undergone thoracic surgery . Patients were randomly assigned either to a group which was treated topically with Contractubex gel ( Merz + Co. , D-Frankfurt/Main ) , containing 10 % onion extract , 50/U of sodium heparin per one g of gel and 1 % allantoin , or to a group receiving no treatment . The treatment began on average 26 days after the operation and was continued for one year . The scars of all treated and untreated patients were evaluated at monthly intervals . The appearance of the scar , including scar type and scar size as well as scar colour , was assessed by the physician . A reduction of the increase of scar width was seen in the Contractubex-treated group as compared with the untreated group . Further , physiological scars and skin-coloured scars were more frequent in the treated group than in the untreated group . Hypertrophic or keloidal scars were less frequent in the treated group . No differences in scar length and scar height were seen . At the end of the observation period , the clinical course of scar development was rated as \" very good \" or \" good \" in more than 90 % of the treated patients , \" good \" in less than 40 % and \" moderate \" or \" bad \" in more than 60 % of the untreated cases . The tolerability of the drug was \" good \" or \" very good \" in all cases . In conclusion , Contractubex gel is useful in scar treatment after thoracic surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1569
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81754",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"treated topically with Contractubex gel ( Merz + Co."
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81755",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"D-Frankfurt/Main ) , containing 10 % onion extract , 50/U of sodium heparin per one g of gel and 1 % allantoin"
],
"offsets": [
[
321,
431
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81756",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"appearance of the scar , including scar type and scar size as well as scar colour"
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
736
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81757",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"physiological scars and skin-coloured scars"
],
"offsets": [
[
905,
948
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81758",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hypertrophic or keloidal scars"
],
"offsets": [
[
1019,
1049
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81759",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"scar length"
],
"offsets": [
[
1110,
1121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81760",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"scar height"
],
"offsets": [
[
1126,
1137
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81761",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"scar development"
],
"offsets": [
[
1212,
1228
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81762",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"fresh scars after thoracic surgery in children and adolescents ."
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81763 | 7673658 | [
{
"id": "81764",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cyproheptadine augmentation of haloperidol in chronic schizophrenic patients : a double-blind placebo-controlled study . A 6 week double-blind placebo-controlled trial of cyproheptadine augmentation of ongoing haloperidol treatment was conducted in 40 chronic schizophrenic in-patients . Cyproheptadine augmentation , compared to administration of haloperidol with placebo , did not produce a statistically significant improvement in psychotic symptoms . Cyproheptadine augmentation caused significant reduction in the extrapyramidal symptoms , which supports the atypical profile of antipsychotics . As to the neuroendocrinological effect , cyproheptadine augmentation did not reduce the plasma prolactin level but did induce a decrease in the plasma cortisol level . Although long-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm the results , this study suggests that cyproheptadine augmentation may be effective in treating chronic schizophrenic patients who are intolerant of extrapyramidal side effects of conventional antipsychotics ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1037
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81765",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81766",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81767",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cyproheptadine augmentation"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
198
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81768",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81769",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81770",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81771",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychotic symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
434,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81772",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"extrapyramidal symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
519,
542
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81773",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuroendocrinological effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
611,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81774",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma prolactin level"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
711
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81775",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma cortisol level"
],
"offsets": [
[
745,
766
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81776",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"chronic schizophrenic patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81777",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"extrapyramidal side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
977,
1004
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81778",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic schizophrenic"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81779",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"40"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81780 | 7674231 | [
{
"id": "81781",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cyclosporin A increases somatomedin C insulin-like growth factor I levels in chronic rheumatic diseases . OBJECTIVE To determine whether anabolic hormones that affect the musculoskeletal system and active on the immune cells changed during cyclosporin A ( CysA ) therapy . METHODS We carried out a randomized study of patients with rheumatic disease attending the outpatient clinic for rheumatic diseases . Twenty-four patients with chronic arthritis [ 20 with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA ) and 4 with psoriatic arthritis ( PsA ) ] were divided into 2 groups ( 10 RA , 2 PsA ) and randomly given CysA 5 mg/kg daily or hydroxychloroquine ( OH-Chlor ) 6 mg/kg daily in divided doses . RESULTS A significant increase of insulin-like growth factor I ( IGF-I ) ( somatomedin C ) levels and of bone Gla protein was shown after 2 months in the CysA treated group , but not in the OH-Chlor group . A statistically significant correlation was observed between changes of IGF-I levels and of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate ( DHEAS ) . This finding was confirmed in a further series of 39 patients . No changes were seen in 25 OH-D , 1-25 ( OH ) 2-D3 or parathyroid hormone after CysA . CONCLUSION The effects of CysA on IGF-I may explain some of the clinical , immunologic , and metabolic results during CysA treatment of rheumatic diseases ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1331
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81782",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Cyclosporin A"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81783",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cyclosporin A ( CysA ) therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
240,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81784",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CysA 5"
],
"offsets": [
[
594,
600
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81785",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hydroxychloroquine ( OH-Chlor ) 6 mg/kg daily"
],
"offsets": [
[
616,
661
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81786",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"somatomedin C insulin-like growth factor I levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81787",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin-like growth factor I"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81788",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bone Gla protein"
],
"offsets": [
[
786,
802
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81789",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IGF-I levels and of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate ( DHEAS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
960,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81790",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rheumatic disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81791",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rheumatic diseases"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81792",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-four"
],
"offsets": [
[
407,
418
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81793",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic arthritis"
],
"offsets": [
[
433,
450
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81794",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"20"
],
"offsets": [
[
453,
455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81795",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rheumatoid arthritis ( RA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
461,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81796",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"4"
],
"offsets": [
[
493,
494
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81797",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"psoriatic arthritis ( PsA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
500,
527
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81798",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"39"
],
"offsets": [
[
1074,
1076
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81799 | 7676782 | [
{
"id": "81800",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison of eltanolone and thiopental in anaesthesia for termination of pregnancy . Eltanolone , a new steroid hypnotic , was compared to thiopental in short anaesthesia . Sixty unpremedicated , Asa 1-2 women were randomized to receive eltanolone 0.6 ( group E1 ) or 0.8 mg.kg-1 ( group E2 ) or thiopental 4 mg.kg-1 ( group T ) for induction of anaesthesia . One minute before induction glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg and alfentanil 15 micrograms.kg-1 i.v . were administered . If induction failed , additional boluses of the test drug were given . Anaesthesia was maintained with 67 % nitrous oxide in oxygen , and additional bolus doses of the test drug were given in a standardized fashion , if needed . Recovery was assessed by a research nurse blinded to the agent used . Mean +/- s.d . induction doss were 0.7 +/- 0.1 mg.kg-1 ( group E1 ) , 0.8 +/- 0.1 mg.kg-1 ( group E2 ) and 4.0 +/- 0.0 mg.kg-1 ( group T ) . Induction time was prolonged in the group E1 compared to the other two groups ( P < 0.05 ) . Side effects were few in all groups , but involuntary muscle movements or hypertonus occurred in 23 % of the patients in the eltanolone and in 3 % in the thiopental groups ( n.s ) . Early recovery ( eye opening , orientation and sitting ) was slower in both eltanolone groups compared to the thiopental group ( P < 0.01 ) . No differences between the groups were found in toleration of oral fluids , walking , voiding , postoperative analgesic requirements or postoperative nausea and vomiting . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1535
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81801",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81802",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thiopental"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81803",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Eltanolone"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81804",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"eltanolone 0.6"
],
"offsets": [
[
238,
252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81805",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thiopental"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81806",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"glycopyrrolate"
],
"offsets": [
[
389,
403
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81807",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"alfentanil"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81808",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nitrous oxide in oxygen"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
602
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81809",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anaesthesia"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81810",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
708
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81811",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mean +/- s.d . induction doss"
],
"offsets": [
[
770,
799
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81812",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Induction time"
],
"offsets": [
[
911,
925
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81813",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1004,
1016
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81814",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"involuntary muscle movements or hypertonus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1046,
1088
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81815",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Early recovery ( eye opening , orientation and sitting )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1186,
1242
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81816",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"termination"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81817",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnancy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81818",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Sixty"
],
"offsets": [
[
174,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81819 | 7679164 | [
{
"id": "81820",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition does not suppress plasma angiotensin II increase during exercise in humans . Physical effort stimulates the reninangiotensin system ( RAS ) . We studied the effect of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ( ACE inhibitor ) in a double-blind placebo-controlled study , on eight volunteers undergoing physical stress on an ergometric bicycle . The effects of captopril ( C ) ( 50 mg , three times daily for 3 days ) on arterial pressure ( AP ) , O2 consumption ( VO2 ) , variations in auricular natriuretic factor ( ANF ) , renin , angiotensin II ( AII ) plasma levels , as well as glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) and microalbuminuria ( MA ) were evaluated . The different parameters were compared by analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) . The pressure profile and VO2 were not modified by ACE inhibitor . Exercise stimulates release of renin ; this action was greater with captopril administration ( treatment effect : p < 10 ( -4 ) , indicating blockade of the RAS . This inhibition was incomplete because AII levels increased markedly when captopril was given ( no treatment effect : p < 0.37 ) . Finally , ACE inhibitor resulted in decreased GFR ( p = 115 +/- 5.8 ml/mn-1 , C = 91.1 +/- 4 , p < 0.05 ) with exercise without modification of MA . ACE inhibitor administration does not modify the physical performance of nonathletic subjects ; AII is significantly increased with exercise despite captopril treatment ; ACE inhibitor decreases GFR significantly but does not influence MA with prolonged physical effort ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1561
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81821",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81822",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ( ACE inhibitor )"
],
"offsets": [
[
211,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81823",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"captopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
403,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81824",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ACE inhibitor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
831,
846
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81825",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"captopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
403,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81826",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"captopril"
],
"offsets": [
[
403,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81827",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ACE inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81828",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ACE inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81829",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"administration"
],
"offsets": [
[
925,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81830",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ACE inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81831",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pressure ( AP ) , O2 consumption ( VO2 ) , variations in auricular natriuretic factor ( ANF ) , renin , angiotensin II ( AII ) plasma levels , as well as glomerular filtration rate ( GFR ) and microalbuminuria ( MA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
472,
688
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81832",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GFR"
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
658
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81833",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GFR"
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
658
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81834",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
105
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81835",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"eight"
],
"offsets": [
[
317,
322
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81836",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"volunteers"
],
"offsets": [
[
323,
333
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81837",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"physical stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
345,
360
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81838 | 7680306 | [
{
"id": "81839",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Late cardiac toxicity in Hodgkin 's disease . A study with pulsed Doppler echocardiography ] . 49 patients ( 22 women , 27 men , mean age 43.7 [ 21-65 ] years ) with Hodgkin 's disease were examined by Doppler echocardiography a median of 5.37 ( 2-10 ) years after the end of chemotherapy ( given according to the COPP/ABVD scheme , with or without mediastinal irradiation ) for possible chronic changes in myocardium , pericardium or cardiac valves , as well as for any haemodynamic sequelae . Maximal and integrated early ( E , Ei ) and late ( A , Ai ) diastolic flow velocities and their ratio ( E/A , Ei/Ai ) were measured by pulsed Doppler over the mitral and tricuspid valves . Although on two-dimensional echo 21 patients ( 42.9 % ) were found to have valvar thickening , 19 ( 38.8 % ) pericardial thickening and 9 ( 18.4 % ) a reduced fibre shortening fraction , the Doppler indices were statistically not significantly different from those in 25 controls with normal hearts . These echocardiographic data of functional and morphological parameters indicate that there was no effect on various measurements of diastolic function after chemotherapy with or without mediastinal radiation . In successfully treated patients with Hodgkin 's disease the described changes are of minor significance ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1304
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81840",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"pulsed Doppler echocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81841",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Doppler echocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81842",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"mediastinal irradiation"
],
"offsets": [
[
351,
374
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81843",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"pulsed Doppler"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81844",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
7,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81845",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"chronic changes in myocardium , pericardium or cardiac valves"
],
"offsets": [
[
390,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81846",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"haemodynamic sequelae"
],
"offsets": [
[
473,
494
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81847",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Maximal and integrated early"
],
"offsets": [
[
497,
525
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81848",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"( E , Ei )"
],
"offsets": [
[
526,
536
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81849",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"late ( A , Ai ) diastolic flow velocities and their ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
541,
598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81850",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"( E/A , Ei/Ai )"
],
"offsets": [
[
599,
614
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81851",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"valvar thickening"
],
"offsets": [
[
761,
778
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81852",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pericardial thickening"
],
"offsets": [
[
795,
817
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81853",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"reduced fibre shortening fraction , the"
],
"offsets": [
[
837,
876
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81854",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Doppler indices"
],
"offsets": [
[
877,
892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81855",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"functional and morphological parameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
1019,
1058
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81856",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"measurements of diastolic function"
],
"offsets": [
[
1104,
1138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81857",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"49"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81858",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"22"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81859",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81860",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"27"
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81861",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
116,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81862",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"43.7"
],
"offsets": [
[
140,
144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81863",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"21-65"
],
"offsets": [
[
147,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81864",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Hodgkin 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81865",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Hodgkin 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81866 | 7692028 | [
{
"id": "81867",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Early educational intervention for very low birth weight infants : results from the Infant Health and Development Program . OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of early educational intervention after discharge from the hospital on the health and developmental status of very low birth weight ( < or = 1500 gm ) infants . DESIGN Randomized , controlled trial , with post hoc analysis . SETTING Eight sites , heterogeneous for sociodemographic and health care use . PARTICIPANTS Infants ( N = 280 ) born weighing < or = 1500 gm and selected for the Infant Health and Development Program . Eligibility was limited primarily by geographic distance from the day care center . One third were randomly assigned to the intervention ( INT ) group and two thirds to follow-up only . INTERVENTIONS All children received intensive pediatric and developmental surveillance . The INT group received home visits and center-based educational interventions until 36 months of age ( corrected for gestational age when final assessments were completed ) . OUTCOMES Cognitive development ( Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale ) , behavioral competence ( Achebach Child Behavior Checklist ) , and health status ( indexes summarizing reported morbidity , the Functional Status II ( R ) Scale , and General Health Ratings Index ) . RESULTS Cognitive development scores were 7.2 points higher ( p = 0.002 ) in the INT group , after adjustment for baseline differences in site , sociodemographic characteristics , and neonatal morbidity , and were 9.4 points higher ( p < 0.0003 ) when the 29 children with significant cerebral palsy were removed . No differences in behavior , serious morbidity , functional status , or health rating were found overall . The infants in the INT group who weighted < or = 1000 gm at birth had significantly lower behavior problem scores but no differences on other outcomes . All children in the INT group had slightly higher rates of less serious morbidity . CONCLUSION The advantage conferred by being in the INT group , as previously reported for heavier infants , extends to very low birth weight children , supporting the use of early intervention in this group ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2170
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81868",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Early educational intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81869",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Infant Health and Development Program ."
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81870",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"early educational intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
189
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81871",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"follow-up only"
],
"offsets": [
[
752,
766
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81872",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
122,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81873",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"intensive pediatric and developmental surveillance ."
],
"offsets": [
[
805,
857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81874",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"received home visits and center-based educational interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
872,
935
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81875",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Cognitive development ( Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1042,
1101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81876",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioral competence ( Achebach Child Behavior Checklist )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1104,
1163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81877",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"health status ( indexes summarizing reported morbidity , the Functional Status II ( R ) Scale , and General Health Ratings Index )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1170,
1300
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81878",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Cognitive development scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1311,
1339
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81879",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neonatal morbidity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1487,
1505
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81880",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"behavior , serious morbidity , functional status , or health rating"
],
"offsets": [
[
1636,
1703
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81881",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower behavior problem scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1809,
1838
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81882",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rates of less serious morbidity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1928,
1961
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81883",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"very low birth weight infants :"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81884",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"very low birth weight ( < or = 1500 gm ) infants ."
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
316
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81885 | 7692109 | [
{
"id": "81886",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized controlled study of chemoprophylaxis in transurethral prostatectomy . We studied 599 evaluable patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy at 7 urological units . Before transurethral prostatectomy the patients were randomized into 3 groups : group 1 -- 197 patients given single-dose ceftriaxone ( 2 gm . ) , group 2 -- 203 patients given 160/800 mg. trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and group 3 -- 199 controls given no antimicrobial prophylaxis . Patients with a preoperative indwelling catheter , positive urine culture , signs of active infection or preoperative antibiotic treatment were excluded . Postoperative infectious complications were demonstrated in 15 of 197 ( 7.6 % ) , 25 of 203 ( 12.3 % ) and 43 of 199 ( 21.6 % ) patients in the study groups , respectively . The difference in infectious complications between groups 1 and 3 was statistically highly significant ( p < 0.01 ) and between groups 2 and 3 it was significant ( p < 0.05 ) . Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis proved to be useful in the prevention of serious infectious complications after transurethral prostatectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1106
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81887",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"single-dose ceftriaxone"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81888",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81889",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
410,
418
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81890",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Postoperative infectious complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
611,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81891",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"infectious complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81892",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serious infectious complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
1038,
1070
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81893",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"transurethral prostatectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81894",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"599"
],
"offsets": [
[
92,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81895",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"benign prostatic hypertrophy"
],
"offsets": [
[
120,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81896",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"197"
],
"offsets": [
[
264,
267
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81897",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"203"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
334
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81898",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"199"
],
"offsets": [
[
406,
409
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81899 | 7699494 | [
{
"id": "81900",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A comparison of 1- and 3-minute lockout periods during patient-controlled sedation with midazolam . PURPOSE The maximum effect of midazolam injected intravenously occurs in about 3 minutes . Patient-controlled sedation carried out with 1-mg increments of midazolam at 3-minute intervals provides comparable conditions to that of doctor-controlled sedation carried out with 1-mg increments at 1-minute intervals , except for the longer duration taken for the patients to achieve satisfactory sedation prior to surgery . The purpose of this study was to find out how safe it would be to shorten the interval of increments of midazolam to 1 minute in patient-controlled sedation . PATIENTS AND METHODS In a randomized crossover study , 26 patients undergoing bilateral lower third molar surgery at two visits had patient-controlled sedation with 1 mg midazolam increments at 1-minute or 3-minute intervals at one visit and the alternative at the other visit . RESULTS The time taken for patients to achieve a degree of sedation that they thought was sufficient to tolerate the surgery was significantly longer when the increment interval was 3 minutes ( t = -4.8 ; P < .05 ) . Both techniques provided good operating conditions , stable vital signs , mild to moderate sedation , without loss of verbal contact . CONCLUSION A significant majority preferred the sedation technique with 1-minute increment intervals ( chi 2 = 4.6 ; P < .05 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1437
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81901",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam ."
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81902",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81903",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81904",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81905",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"patient-controlled sedation"
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81906",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"midazolam"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81907",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"degree of sedation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1006,
1024
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81908",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"operating conditions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1204,
1224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81909",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"vital signs"
],
"offsets": [
[
1234,
1245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81910",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"loss of verbal contact ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1284,
1308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81911",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patient-controlled sedation with midazolam ."
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81912",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"26"
],
"offsets": [
[
733,
735
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81913",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"bilateral lower third molar surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
756,
791
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81914 | 7704288 | [
{
"id": "81915",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of metformin and insulin on sympathetic nerve activity , norepinephrine spillover and blood pressure in obese , insulin resistant , normoglycemic , hypertensive men . To evaluate the effect of metformin on insulin sensitivity and to further examine the relationship between insulin resistance , sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure , 6 obese insulin resistant , normoglycemic hypertensive men were investigated ( age 49 +/- 2 years , BMI 27.6 +/- 1.2 , mean +/- SEM ) . The study had a placebo controlled , double blind , cross over design with 6 weeks ' metformin treatment ( 850 mg b.i.d ) vs placebo . Blood pressure was measured weekly . At the end of each treatment period , glucose infusion rate ( GIR ) , muscle sympathetic nerve activity ( MSA ) and renal and total body norepinephrine ( NE ) kinetics ( radioisotope dilution ) were examined during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp . Fasting insulin was 13 +/- 3 and 10 +/- 2 mU/l and fasting glucose 5.3 +/- 0.2 and 5.1 +/- 0.1 mmol/l after placebo and metformin treatment , respectively ( ns ) . GIR during the last hour of the insulin clamp was 3.7 +/- 0.6 vs 3.6 +/- 0.6 mg/kg x min ( ns ) . Resting MSA , total body and right renal NE spillover did not differ significantly after placebo and metformin treatment . Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 151 +/- 10/95 +/- 5 mmHg after placebo and 146 +/- 5/94 +/- 5 mmHg after metformin treatment ( ns ) . Thus metformin treatment did not have any significant effect on insulin sensitivity , blood pressure or sympathetic activity in this small group of patients . Renal plasma flow and MSA increased significantly during the insulin clamp , whereas renal NE and total body NE spillover remained unchanged , suggesting nonuniform regional sympathetic nerve responses to acute hyperinsulinemia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1832
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81916",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81917",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"insulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
28,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81918",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81919",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81920",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81921",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81922",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81923",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metformin"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81924",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81925",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"glucose infusion rate ( GIR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
729
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81926",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"muscle sympathetic nerve activity ( MSA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
732,
773
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81927",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"renal and total body norepinephrine ( NE ) kinetics ( radioisotope dilution )"
],
"offsets": [
[
778,
855
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81928",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Fasting insulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
913,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81929",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Resting MSA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1175,
1186
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81930",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total body and right renal NE spillover"
],
"offsets": [
[
1189,
1228
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81931",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Systolic and diastolic blood pressures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1298,
1336
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81932",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81933",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sympathetic activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1548,
1568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81934",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"obese"
],
"offsets": [
[
115,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81935",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"insulin resistant"
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81936",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"normoglycemic"
],
"offsets": [
[
143,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81937",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertensive"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81938",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"6"
],
"offsets": [
[
354,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81939",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"obese insulin resistant"
],
"offsets": [
[
356,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81940",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"normoglycemic hypertensive"
],
"offsets": [
[
382,
408
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81941",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
175
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81942",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"49 +/- 2"
],
"offsets": [
[
437,
445
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81943 | 7705531 | [
{
"id": "81944",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Expectant management of functional ovarian cysts : an alternative to hormonal therapy . OBJECTIVE We studied whether the administration of oral contraceptives facilitates the disappearance of spontaneously formed functional ovarian cysts . METHODS Eighty patients in whom ultrasonography revealed unilateral , mobile , unilocular , thin-walled ovarian cysts without internal echoes and greater than 30 mm but not exceeding 60 mm in diameter were enrolled into the study . Patients were randomized by stratification to receive a low-dose monophasic pill , a high-dose monophasic pill , a multiphasic pill or no therapy . Patients were re-evaluated after 5 weeks of therapy and at the end of therapy ( 10 weeks ) . RESULTS The mean ages and the mean cyst diameters of the patients for each group were not significantly different . We did not find a significant effect of oral contraceptive administration on the disappearance rate of functional ovarian cysts over that of expectant management . CONCLUSION We conclude that oral contraceptive therapy even with multiphasic pills is very effective in the management of functional ovarian cysts but expectant management achieves similar success rates and may be a good alternative to oral contraceptive therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1257
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81945",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Expectant management"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81946",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hormonal therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81947",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral contraceptives"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81948",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"low-dose monophasic pill"
],
"offsets": [
[
528,
552
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81949",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"high-dose monophasic pill"
],
"offsets": [
[
557,
582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81950",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"multiphasic pill"
],
"offsets": [
[
587,
603
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81951",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"no therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
607,
617
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81952",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral contraceptive"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81953",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral contraceptive therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1021,
1047
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81954",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean ages and the mean cyst diameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81955",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"disappearance rate of functional ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
910,
956
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81956",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"functional ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81957",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81958",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81959",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Eighty"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
254
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81960",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"unilateral , mobile , unilocular , thin-walled ovarian cysts without internal echoes and greater than 30 mm but not exceeding 60 mm in diameter"
],
"offsets": [
[
297,
440
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81961",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"functional ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81962",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ovarian cysts"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81963 | 7706098 | [
{
"id": "81964",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of patient position on the reproducibility of cardiac output measurements . OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of patient position on the reproducibility of cardiac output measurements . DESIGN Prospective , two-group quasi-experimental design . Convenience sample . SETTING The study involved two intensive care units in two adult acute care hospitals . PATIENTS Thirty patients admitted to the intensive care unit who had a thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter in place . Ages ranged from 39 to 80 years ( mean of 66.4 +/- 11.3 years ) . OUTCOME MEASURES Thermodilution cardiac output measurements . INTERVENTION The subjects were placed in one of two groups , initially by flipping a coin then into alternate groups . Group A subjects were placed supine , and after 5 minutes had cardiac output measurements performed . They were then placed in the 45-degree upright position , and after an additional 5 minutes had cardiac output measurements performed . Group B subjects were first placed in the 45-degree upright position , and after 5 minutes had cardiac output measurements performed . They were then placed in the supine flat position , and after an additional 5 minutes had cardiac output measurements performed . RESULTS Seventy percent ( n = 30 ) of the sample population displayed a lower cardiac output in the 45-degree upright position than that obtained in the supine position , with the decrease ranging from 1 % to 32 % ( mean decrease 11 % ) . Forty percent ( n = 30 ) of cardiac output measurements obtained in the 45-degree upright were greater than or equal to 10 % less than those obtained in the supine flat position . The differences in cardiac output were analyzed with the paired t test . which produced a 95 % confidence interval from -0.539 to -0.083 . The two-group Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the mean cardiac output with the patient in the supine , flat position and in the 45-degree upright position . The mean cardiac output at 0 degrees was found to be statistically significant higher ( p = 0.0083 ) than the mean cardiac output at 45 degrees . The effect of coexisting variables was analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis . The use of vasoconstrictors was the only variable that had a statistically significant change in cardiac output associated with a change in position . CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that cardiac output measurements are affected by alterations in patient position . To ensure accurate comparisons between consecutive cardiac output measurements , the researchers recommend that the position in which the cardiac output measurements are performed be documented and the cardiac output measurements be conducted in a uniform position ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2710
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81965",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"patient position"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81966",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"supine"
],
"offsets": [
[
764,
770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81967",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"45-degree upright position"
],
"offsets": [
[
866,
892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81968",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"45-degree upright position"
],
"offsets": [
[
866,
892
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81969",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"supine flat position"
],
"offsets": [
[
1137,
1157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81970",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower cardiac output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1310,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81971",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac output measurements"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81972",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"differences in cardiac output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1661,
1690
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81973",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean cardiac output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1848,
1867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81974",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean cardiac output"
],
"offsets": [
[
1848,
1867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81975",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac output"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81976",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
380
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81977",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
436,
476
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81978",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"39 to 80"
],
"offsets": [
[
505,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81979 | 7706148 | [
{
"id": "81980",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Teaching children with autism to seek information : acquisition of novel information and generalization of responding . A time delay procedure was used to teach 3 children with autism to ask the question \" What 's that ? \" when novel stimuli were presented during an instructional task . Once the ability to ask the question was acquired , the children 's ability to learn novel information by asking the question was assessed . The children were then taught to ask the question within a less structured context . All three studies used a multiple baseline across participants . Generalization was assessed in a different room , to a new person , and to novel stimuli . All of the children learned to ask the question within the instructional context , while on a walk in the school building , and to request information about three-dimensional objects . The acquisition of novel information was consistent for receptive and expressive tests for 2 of the children , with varied results for the 3rd . These studies indicate that children with autism can be taught to ask questions that lead to the acquisition of new information ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1129
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81981",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Teaching children with autism to seek information :"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81982",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"A time delay procedure was used to teach 3 children with autism to ask the question \" What 's that ? \" when novel stimuli were presented during an instructional task ."
],
"offsets": [
[
120,
287
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81983",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"acquisition of novel information"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81984",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"children with autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81985",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"3 children with autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
81986 | 7707405 | [
{
"id": "81987",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission . BACKGROUND Prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with small-cell lung cancer decreases the overall rate of brain metastases without an effect on overall survival . It has been suggested that this treatment may increase neuropsychological syndromes and brain abnormalities indicated by computed tomography scans . However , other retrospective data suggested a beneficial effect on overall survival for patients in complete remission . PURPOSE Our purpose was to evaluate the effects of prophylactic cranial irradiation on brain metastasis , overall survival , and late-occurring toxic effects in patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission . METHODS We conducted a prospective study of 300 patients who had small-cell lung cancer that was in complete remission . The patients were randomly assigned to receive either prophylactic cranial irradiation delivering 24 Gy in eight fractions during 12 days ( treatment group ) or no prophylactic cranial irradiation ( control group ) . A neuropsychological examination and a computed tomography scan of the brain were performed at the time of random assignment and repeatedly assessed at 6 , 18 , 30 , and 48 months . Patterns of failure were analyzed according to total event rates and also according to an isolated first site of relapse , using a competing-risk approach . RESULTS Two hundred ninety-four patients who did not have brain metastases at the time of random assignment were analyzed . The 2-year cumulative rate of brain metastasis as an isolated first site of relapse was 45 % in the control group and 19 % in the treatment group ( P < 10 ( -6 ) ) . The total 2-year rate of brain metastasis was 67 % and 40 % , respectively ( relative risk = 0.35 ; P < 10 ( -13 ) ) . The 2-year overall survival rate was 21.5 % in the control group and 29 % in the treatment group ( relative risk = 0.83 ; P = .14 ) . There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of neuropsychological function or abnormalities indicated by computed tomography brain scans . CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic cranial irradiation given to patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission decreases the risk of brain metastasis threefold without a significant increase in complications . A possible beneficial effect on overall survival should be tested with a higher statistical power . IMPLICATIONS The results of the trial favor , at present , the indication of prophylactic cranial irradiation for patients who are in complete remission . A longer follow-up and confirmatory trials are needed to fully assess late-occurring toxic effects . The possible effect on overall survival needs to be evaluated with a larger number of patients in complete remission , and a meta-analysis of similar trials is recommended ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2888
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "81988",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Prophylactic cranial irradiation"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81989",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"prophylactic cranial irradiation"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
623
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81990",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"prophylactic cranial irradiation"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
623
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81991",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"no prophylactic cranial irradiation ( control group )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1097
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81992",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Prophylactic cranial irradiation"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81993",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival ."
],
"offsets": [
[
250,
268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81994",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"brain metastasis , overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
627,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81995",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"late-occurring toxic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
669,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81996",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"2-year cumulative rate of brain metastasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1567,
1609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81997",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"relapse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1395,
1402
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81998",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total 2-year rate of brain metastasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1733,
1770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "81999",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"2-year overall survival rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1852,
1880
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82000",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuropsychological function or abnormalities"
],
"offsets": [
[
2055,
2099
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82001",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
250,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82002",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"small-cell lung cancer in complete remission ."
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82003",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with small-cell lung cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82004",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
537
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82005",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82006",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"300"
],
"offsets": [
[
806,
809
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82007",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients who had small-cell lung cancer that was in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
810,
880
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82008",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Two hundred ninety-four patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1447,
1479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82009",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with small-cell lung cancer in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82010",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients who are in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
2573,
2611
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82011",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients in complete remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
537
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82012 | 7708953 | [
{
"id": "82013",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The influence of breast size on late radiation effects and association with radiotherapy dose inhomogeneity . A prospective assessment of late changes in breast appearance in 559 patients after tumour excision and radiotherapy for early breast cancer noted a strong association with breast size . Only 3/48 ( 6 % ) patients with small breasts developed moderate or severe late changes compared with 94/423 ( 22 % ) with medium sized breasts and 34/88 ( 39 % ) patients with large breasts ( p < 0.001 ) . One possibility is that greater radiation changes are related to greater dose inhomogeneity in women with large breasts . To explore this hypothesis , radiation dose distributions were assessed in a separate group of 37 women in whom three-level transverse computer tomographic images of the breast in the treatment position were available . A significant correlation was found between breast size and dose inhomogeneity which may account for the marked changes in breast appearance reported in women with large breasts ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1025
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82014",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"tumour excision"
],
"offsets": [
[
194,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82015",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"and radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82016",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"559"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82017",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"after tumour excision and radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
188,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82018",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"early breast cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
231,
250
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82019 | 7712308 | [
{
"id": "82020",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of ursodeoxycholic acid on serum liver enzymes in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease . OBJECTIVE To study the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA ) on serum liver enzyme levels [ alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) and gamma-glutamyl transferase ( GGT ) ] in 101 patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease . METHODS Forty-nine patients were assigned to receive UDCA ( 450 mg/day ) over a period of 6 months and 52 to receive no treatment . RESULTS In the UDCA group , serum ALT and GGT levels significantly improved . ALT values decreased from pre-treatment levels of 157.0 +/- 62.6 IU/l to 82.5 +/- 46.4 IU/l ( P < 0.05 ) , and GGT fell from 141.3 +/- 86.2 IU/l to 66.0 +/- 49.5 IU/l ( P < 0.001 ) . No significant change occurred in the mean ALT and GGT levels in the control group . CONCLUSION Although our encouraging preliminary results must be validated by double-blind histological trials , UDCA may be an alternative treatment for patients who fail to respond to interferon therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1044
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82021",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ursodeoxycholic acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82022",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ursodeoxycholic acid ( UDCA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
155,
184
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82023",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"UDCA"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82024",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"no treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
478,
490
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82025",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"UDCA"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82026",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"UDCA"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82027",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1024,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82028",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum liver enzymes"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82029",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum liver enzyme levels [ alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) and gamma-glutamyl transferase ( GGT ) ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
188,
289
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82030",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum ALT and GGT levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
521,
545
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82031",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ALT values"
],
"offsets": [
[
571,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82032",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean ALT and GGT levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
792,
815
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82033",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82034",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"101"
],
"offsets": [
[
293,
296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82035",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82036 | 7714229 | [
{
"id": "82037",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of the cholinomimetic SDZ ENS-163 on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in humans . Scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment was used in healthy men to evaluate the central nervous system activity of the new cholinomimetic SDZ ENS-163 . Eighteen subjects were treated in a crossover design with oral placebo/intravenous saline , 50 mg of oral SDZ ENS-163/intravenous saline , oral placebo/0.4 mg of intravenous scopolamine , and 50 mg of oral SDZ ENS-163/0.4 mg of intravenous scopolamine . The administration of placebo with scopolamine caused significant cognitive impairment , as assessed by the Computerized Neuropsychological Test Battery ( CNTB ) , and also decreased salivation and heart rate . In contrast , SDZ ENS-163 with saline had no effect on CNTB scores , increased salivation , and increased heart rate . Despite the observed cholinomimetic effects of SDZ ENS-163 when administered with saline , the changes in CNTB scores , heart rate , and salivation were indistinguishable between placebo/scopolamine and SDZ ENS-163/scopolamine . Thus , 50 mg of oral SDZ ENS-163 has cholinomimetic activity in normal men , but this dose is insufficient to reverse the muscarinic effects of 0.4 mg of intravenous scopolamine ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1243
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82038",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cholinomimetic SDZ ENS-163"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82039",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"new cholinomimetic SDZ ENS-163"
],
"offsets": [
[
218,
248
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82040",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"oral placebo/intravenous saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
340
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82041",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"50 mg of oral SDZ ENS-163/intravenous saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
387
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82042",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"oral placebo/0.4 mg of intravenous scopolamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
390,
436
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82043",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"50 mg of oral SDZ ENS-163/0.4 mg of intravenous scopolamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
443,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82044",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cognitive impairment"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82045",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"significant cognitive impairment"
],
"offsets": [
[
559,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82046",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Computerized Neuropsychological Test Battery ( CNTB )"
],
"offsets": [
[
613,
666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82047",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"decreased salivation and heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
678,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82048",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"CNTB scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
771,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82049",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased salivation"
],
"offsets": [
[
785,
805
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82050",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
812,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82051",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholinomimetic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
856,
878
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82052",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"changes in CNTB scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
930,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82053",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
703,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82054",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"salivation"
],
"offsets": [
[
688,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82055",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholinomimetic activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1101,
1124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82056",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"muscarinic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1186,
1204
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82057",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment was used in healthy men"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
162
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82058 | 7726441 | [
{
"id": "82059",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic granisetron in gynecologic surgery . Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common after recovery from anesthesia . We examined the prophylactic effect of granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting in 120 female patients ( ASA physical status I ) undergoing gynecologic surgery . They were randomly allocated to one of three groups ( n = 40 for each ) : saline ( as a control ) , granisetron 20 micrograms/kg , and granisetron 40 micrograms/kg . Saline or granisetron was given intravenously ( IV ) over 5 min approximately 30 min before the end of anesthesia . Nausea , vomiting , and safety assessments were performed during the 24-h recovery period . For the 24-h period after surgery , the number of emesis-free patients was significantly larger in the granisetron groups than in the control group ( 83 % , 78 % , and 20 % of patients receiving granisetron 20 micrograms/kg and 40 micrograms/kg , and saline , respectively ) . Granisetron at both doses also was superior to the control for the prevention of nausea over the 24-h study period ( nausea visual analog scales at 24-h postsurgery : 49 mm , 17 mm , and 18 mm in the control , granisetron 20 micrograms/kg , and granisetron 40 micrograms/kg groups , respectively ) . Fewer patients received \" rescue \" antiemetics in the granisetron groups than in the control group ( 10 % , 10 % , and 43 % of patients in granisetron 20 micrograms/kg and 40 micrograms/kg , and the control groups , respectively ) . The adverse events in the granisetron groups were similar to those in the control group . The administration of granisetron had no significant effect on vital signs or clinical laboratory test profiles . Granisetron given at 20 or 40 micrograms/kg i.v . during anesthesia appears to be a simple , effective , and safe method for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1884
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82060",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"prophylactic granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82061",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82062",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
399,
405
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82063",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82064",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82065",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
491,
497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82066",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82067",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
976,
987
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82068",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82069",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82070",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82071",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Granisetron"
],
"offsets": [
[
976,
987
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82072",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"antiemetic efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82073",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Postoperative nausea and vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82074",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"postoperative nausea and vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
209,
242
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82075",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Nausea , vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
607,
624
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82076",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety assessments"
],
"offsets": [
[
631,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82077",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of emesis-free patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
769
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82078",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82079",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea visual analog scales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1093,
1120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82080",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"\" rescue \" antiemetics"
],
"offsets": [
[
1300,
1322
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82081",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1513,
1527
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82082",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"vital signs"
],
"offsets": [
[
1662,
1673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82083",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"or"
],
"offsets": [
[
387,
389
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82084",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical laboratory test profiles"
],
"offsets": [
[
1677,
1710
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82085",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"simple , effective , and safe method"
],
"offsets": [
[
1797,
1833
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82086",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"postoperative nausea and vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
209,
242
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82087",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gynecologic surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82088",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"recovery from anesthesia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
154
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82089",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"120 female patients ( ASA physical status I ) undergoing gynecologic surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
246,
324
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82090 | 772759 | [
{
"id": "82091",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Quantifications of the major urinary metabolite of the E prostaglandins by mass spectrometry : evaluation of the method 's application to clinical studies . Measurement of 7alpha-hydroxy-5,11-diketotetranoprostane-1,16-dioic acid , ( PGE-M ) , the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E1 and E2 in man provides a useful indicator to monitor prostaglandin biosynthesis . For quantitative analysis of this prostaglandin metabolite and the stable-isotope dilution techniqe of selected ion monitoring ( SIM ) is employed using gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry . The preparation of the bis ( D3-methyloxime ) , bis-methyl ester of PGE-M containing a tritium tracer in position 2 which was used as internal standard for the SIM method is described . The synthesis of this internal standard includes the biosynthetic conversion of 11-hydroxy-9,15-diketoprostanoic acid to PGE-M by the rabbit . The intra-assay coefficient of variation of this SIM method ranged between 4.0 to 6.7 percent . The recovery of authentic , underivatized PGE-M added to urine was 93 +/- 3 % ( mean +/- SEM , n=17 ) . The levels of PGE-M excreted in urine were higher ( p less than 0.001 ) in males than in females ( 15.2 +/- 1.9 mug/24 hours ( n=24 ) and 3.3 +/- 0.3 mug/24 hours ( n=17 ) , respectively . These levels were in close agreement with values published previously . No significant difference in excretion of PGE-M between the sexes was observed in the pre-pubertal age-grou ( male : 2.9 +/- 0.8 mug/24 hours , n=5 ; female : 3.1 +/- 0.9 mug/24 hours , n=5 ) or in the age-group of 45-80 years ( male : 9.3 +/- 1.1 mug/24 hours , n=21 ; female : 7.3 +/- 0.9 mug/24 hours , n=12 ) . The amount of PGE-M excreted decreased significantly after administration of indomethacin or acetyl salicylic acid in therapeutic doses . The concomitant reduction of the urinary excretion of PGE-M ( 68 to 85 % decrease ) and prostaglandin E ( 73 to 100 % decrease ) after indomethacin treatment in each case ( n=8 ) is evidence that a diminished urinary PGE-M output reflects a decrease in prostaglandin E biosynthesis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2100
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82092",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"mass spectrometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82093",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"selected ion monitoring"
],
"offsets": [
[
478,
501
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82094",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bis ( D3-methyloxime ) , bis-methyl ester of PGE-M"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82095",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"indomethacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
1756,
1768
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82096",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"acetyl salicylic acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
1772,
1793
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82097",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"indomethacin"
],
"offsets": [
[
1756,
1768
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82098",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"urinary metabolite of the E prostaglandins"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82099",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of PGE-M excreted"
],
"offsets": [
[
1107,
1131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82100",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"man"
],
"offsets": [
[
303,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82101",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
1178,
1183
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82102",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"females"
],
"offsets": [
[
1192,
1199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82103",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"pre-pubertal age-grou"
],
"offsets": [
[
1450,
1471
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82104",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"age-group of 45-80 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1566,
1590
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82105 | 7733183 | [
{
"id": "82106",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Dose-related difference in progression rates of cytomegalovirus retinopathy during foscarnet maintenance therapy . AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 915 Team . PURPOSE A previous dose-ranging study of foscarnet maintenance therapy for cytomegalovirus retinopathy showed a positive relationship between dose and survival but could not confirm a relationship between dose and time to first progression . This retrospective analysis of data from that study was undertaken to determine whether there was a relationship between dose and progression rates , which reflects the amount of retina destroyed when progression occurs . METHODS Patients were randomly given one of two foscarnet maintenance therapy doses ( 90 mg/kg of body weight/day [ FOS-90 group ] or 120 mg/kg of body weight/day [ FOS-120 group ] after induction therapy . Using baseline and follow-up photographs and pre-established definitions and methodology in a masked analysis , posterior progression rates and foveal proximity rates for individual lesions , selected by prospectively defined criteria , were calculated in each patient . Rates were compared between groups . RESULTS The following median rates were greater for the FOS-90 group ( N = 8 ) than for the FOS-120 group ( N = 10 ) : greatest maximum rate at which lesions enlarged in a posterior direction ( 43.5 vs 12.5 microns/day ; P = .002 ) ; posterior progression rate for lesions closest to the fovea ( 42.8 vs 5.5 microns/day ; P = .010 ) ; and maximum foveal proximity rate for either eye ( 32.3 vs 3.4 microns/day ; P = .031 ) . CONCLUSION Patients receiving higher doses of foscarnet have slower rates of progression and therefore less retinal tissue damage during maintenance therapy . A foscarnet maintenance therapy dose of 120 mg/kg of body weight/day instead of 90 mg/kg of body weight/day may help to preserve vision in patients with cytomegalovirus retinopathy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1907
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82107",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"foscarnet maintenance therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82108",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"foscarnet maintenance therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82109",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"two foscarnet maintenance therapy doses"
],
"offsets": [
[
670,
709
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82110",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"FOS-90"
],
"offsets": [
[
742,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82111",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"FOS-90"
],
"offsets": [
[
742,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82112",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"foscarnet"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82113",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"foscarnet"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82114",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1015,
1022
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82115",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"posterior progression rate for lesions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1375,
1413
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82116",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"maximum foveal proximity rate for either eye"
],
"offsets": [
[
1480,
1524
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82117",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cytomegalovirus retinopathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82118 | 7733424 | [
{
"id": "82119",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The costs and effects of a nutritional education program following work-site cholesterol screening . OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to assess the costs and impact of a nutrition education program following a cholesterol screening . METHODS Forty work-sites were randomly assigned to one of two educational interventions : a \" usual \" intervention of 5 minutes of counseling , or a \" special \" intervention of 2 hours of behaviorally based education on dietary changes to lower serum cholesterol . Costs were monitored , and cholesterol levels were retested 6 and 12 months later . RESULTS The total per-person cost for screening and the educational intervention was about $ 50 . Cholesterol levels differed little between the two intervention groups 6 months after screening , but after 12 months those in the special intervention worksites showed a 6.5 % drop in cholesterol , whereas those at the usual intervention worksites showed a drop of only 3.0 % . Hence a 3.5 % cholesterol reduction was attributable to the special intervention . CONCLUSIONS A behaviorally based nutrition education program following cholesterol screening can have a meaningful impact on long-term cholesterol levels at a low cost . Nutrition education in work-sites may therefore be a useful way to lower the risk of heart disease in communities ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1336
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82120",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"nutritional education program"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82121",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"nutrition education program"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82122",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"educational interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
304,
329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82123",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"\" usual \" intervention of 5 minutes of counseling"
],
"offsets": [
[
334,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82124",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"a \" special \" intervention of 2 hours of behaviorally based education on dietary changes to lower serum cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
389,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82125",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"behaviorally based nutrition education program"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82126",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Nutrition education"
],
"offsets": [
[
1221,
1240
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82127",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"costs"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82128",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82129",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"costs"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82130",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"impact"
],
"offsets": [
[
166,
172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82131",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Costs"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82132",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholesterol levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
534,
552
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82133",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total per-person cost"
],
"offsets": [
[
603,
624
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82134",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Cholesterol levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
707
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82135",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82136",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholesterol reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
982,
1003
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82137 | 7739439 | [
{
"id": "82138",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ The value of local administration of antibiotics in treatment of bone infections ] . An open , controlled , randomized clinical investigation was carried out in 33 patients suffering from osteomyelitis . In the first group , 17 patients , a through drainage with sterile physiologic solution was applied , while in the second group , 16 patients , antibiotic was added to the sterile physiologic solution . In all patients values of C reactive protein ( CRP ) in the blood were examined , and later on every third day after the operation . A significant difference of average values of CRP between the 3rd and 21st day in both groups of patients was established , as well as the similarity in average values of CRP , which points to the fact that the mechanical effect of through drainage is dominant , speaking about rinsing focus of infection and eliminating necrotic tissues and small sequesters ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
902
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82139",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antibiotics"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82140",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sterile physiologic solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
265,
293
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82141",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"antibiotic was added to the sterile physiologic solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
350,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82142",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"A significant difference of"
],
"offsets": [
[
542,
569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82143",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"average values of CRP"
],
"offsets": [
[
570,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82144",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"between the 3rd and 21st day in both groups of patients was established"
],
"offsets": [
[
592,
663
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82145",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"similarity in"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
694
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82146",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"average values of CRP"
],
"offsets": [
[
570,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82147",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82148",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"treatment of bone infections ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82149",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"33 patients suffering from osteomyelitis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82150 | 7742155 | [
{
"id": "82151",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of fasting on total serum bilirubin concentrations . Thirty-seven healthy volunteers , 19 of whom had consistently elevated total serum bilirubin ( TSB ) concentrations , took part in an open , randomised cross-over study to determine the effect of fasting on TSB concentrations . The study comprised of two treatments . During one treatment period volunteers ate a standard supper but fasted for 24 h thereafter . During the other treatment period volunteers ate a standard supper , snacks , breakfast and lunch . TSB concentrations were measured at regular intervals . In both the normal and high bilirubin groups , minimum TSB values were recorded 4 h after the supper . A 24 h fast more than doubled TSB concentration from baseline values in both the normal and high bilirubin groups . A clinically relevant rise in TSB took place after 12 h into the fasting period ( TSB of 17.3 mumol l-1 in the fasted group vs 14.0 mumol l-1 in the non-fasted group ) . When designing a clinical trial , selecting volunteers , or judging the tolerance of a new drug , the rise in TSB caused by fasting must therefore be taken into account , particularly in trials where volunteers or patients fast before entering the study ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1226
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82152",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"fasting"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82153",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"fasting"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82154",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ate a standard supper but"
],
"offsets": [
[
371,
396
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82155",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"fasted for 24 h"
],
"offsets": [
[
397,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82156",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"thereafter"
],
"offsets": [
[
413,
423
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82157",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"standard supper , snacks , breakfast and lunch"
],
"offsets": [
[
477,
523
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82158",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total serum bilirubin concentrations ."
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82159",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"total serum bilirubin ( TSB ) concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
135,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82160",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"TSB concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
271,
289
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82161",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"minimum TSB values"
],
"offsets": [
[
629,
647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82162",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"more than doubled TSB concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
697,
732
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82163",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rise in TSB"
],
"offsets": [
[
823,
834
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82164",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"TSB"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
162
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82165 | 7743697 | [
{
"id": "82166",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Plasma norepinephrine and mortality . Plasma norepinephrine levels , which reflect sympathetic nervous system activity , are almost universally elevated in patients with left ventricular dysfunction . This elevation occurs in patients with overt , symptomatic heart failure ( HF ) and in patients with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction . Evidence suggests that the elevation in plasma norepinephrine levels can be at least partly attributed to an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity . It has become evident that elevated plasma norepinephrine levels are directly related to prognosis ; patients with levels > 900 pg/ml have a poor prognosis and shortened life expectancy . However , plasma norepinephrine levels bear little relationship to physiologic and clinical variables observed in HF , including ejection fraction and exercise capacity . Data from the V-HeFT II show that at 2-year follow-up , a progressive rise of plasma norepinephrine was observed in both treatment arms , suggesting that disease progresses despite treatment with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor , enalapril , or vasodilator therapy with hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate . It is possible that interventions aimed at the progressive neurohormonal activation that occurs in HF may improve the course of illness . Further study is needed to test this hypothesis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1374
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82167",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enalapril"
],
"offsets": [
[
1112,
1121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82168",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1152,
1184
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82169",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma norepinephrine levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
386,
414
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82170",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ejection fraction"
],
"offsets": [
[
822,
839
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82171",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise capacity"
],
"offsets": [
[
844,
861
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82172",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rise of plasma norepinephrine"
],
"offsets": [
[
934,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82173",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with left ventricular dysfunction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
156,
200
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82174 | 7755996 | [
{
"id": "82175",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A prospective comparison of the multiplane probe with the biplane probe in structure visualization and Doppler examination during transesophageal echocardiography . To compare the imaging capability of the multiplane probe with that of the biplane probe , 317 consecutive patients were randomized to undergo transesophageal echocardiography with either probe . Images of 24 cardiac structures and nine Doppler signals were graded prospectively on a three-grade system . Both multiplane and biplane probes provided excellent visualization of cardiac structures and Doppler signals , but the multiplane probe was significantly superior to the biplane probe . There were no differences in the number of attempts at esophageal intubation , the amount of sedation used , and the examination time . The number of complications was similar , although all failed intubations occurred with the multiplane probe ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
903
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82176",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82177",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"biplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82178",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82179",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"biplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82180",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"transesophageal echocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
130,
162
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82181",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiplane and biplane probes"
],
"offsets": [
[
475,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82182",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82183",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"multiplane probe"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82184",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"structure visualization and Doppler examination"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82185",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"imaging capability"
],
"offsets": [
[
180,
198
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82186",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"nine Doppler signals"
],
"offsets": [
[
397,
417
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82187",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"excellent visualization of cardiac structures"
],
"offsets": [
[
514,
559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82188",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Doppler signals"
],
"offsets": [
[
402,
417
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82189",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of attempts at esophageal intubation"
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82190",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the amount of sedation used ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
736,
765
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82191",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the examination time"
],
"offsets": [
[
770,
790
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82192",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
797,
820
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82193",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"failed intubations"
],
"offsets": [
[
848,
866
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82194 | 7761011 | [
{
"id": "82195",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Postoperative analgesia : peridural morphine versus sublingual buprenorphine . Comparative clinical study ] . The authors herein present their personal series on the clinical evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of 2 opiodes , peridural morphine hydrochloride ( 0.5 mg/kg ) administered to group A patients , and sublingual buprenorphine ( 0.4 mg ) administered to group B patients in the management of post-operative pain in major abdominal surgery . The study was conducted on 44 patients , both male and female , classified as ASA II and III . Statistical analysis of cardiovascular parameters ( BP and cardiac frequency ) , respiratory frequency and pain score showed an overlapping progression among the two groups . Spontaneous pain decreased significantly to zero at T6 ( p < 0.001 ) . However , the necessity to administer buprenorphine more frequently after the sixth hour and the consequent increase in side effects , lead us to believe that the method used for group A patients is more advantageous ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1013
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82196",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"peridural morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
28,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82197",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sublingual buprenorphine ."
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82198",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"peridural morphine hydrochloride ( 0.5 mg/kg )"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82199",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sublingual buprenorphine ( 0.4 mg )"
],
"offsets": [
[
315,
350
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82200",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"buprenorphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82201",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiovascular parameters ( BP and cardiac frequency )"
],
"offsets": [
[
573,
627
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82202",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"respiratory frequency"
],
"offsets": [
[
630,
651
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82203",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain score"
],
"offsets": [
[
656,
666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82204",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"Spontaneous pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
724,
740
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82205",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
915,
927
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82206",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"44"
],
"offsets": [
[
481,
483
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82207",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
500,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82208",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
509,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82209 | 7761019 | [
{
"id": "82210",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Effects of betamethasone on neuromuscular blockade induced by vecuronium in continuous infusion ] . The aim of the study was to determine a possible interaction between a corticosteroid ( betamethasone ) and vecuronium , a nondepolarizing muscle relaxant . The authors studied 20 patients , ASA I-II , aged 20-54 , both sexes , scheduled for abdominal surgery . Mechanomyographic and clinical evaluation by single twitch and TOF stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist and measurement of the concomitant abductor pollicis muscle was applied . The onset time of vecuronium after a single bolus dose of 0.08 mg/kg , duration of action to 10 % single twitch recovery , duration of continuous infusion of 0.4-0.5 micrograms/kg/min of vecuronium started at 10 % single twitch recovery , and the effects of 0.1 mg/kg betamethasone administration 10 min after continuous infusion were evaluated . The recovery rate of vecuronium after stopping infusion at 10 % recovery was also evaluated . Corticosteroids may interact with non-depolarizing muscle relaxants both in prejunctional and postjunctional acetylcholine receptors by several mechanisms of action ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1156
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82211",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"betamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82212",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82213",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"corticosteroid ( betamethasone ) and vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
173,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82214",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nondepolarizing muscle relaxant"
],
"offsets": [
[
225,
256
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82215",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"abdominal surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
363
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82216",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82217",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82218",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"betamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82219",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82220",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Corticosteroids"
],
"offsets": [
[
990,
1005
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82221",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuromuscular blockade"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82222",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mechanomyographic and clinical evaluation by single twitch"
],
"offsets": [
[
364,
422
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82223",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"TOF stimulation of the ulnar nerve at the wrist"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
474
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82224",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"concomitant abductor pollicis muscle"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82225",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"onset time"
],
"offsets": [
[
553,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82226",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration of action"
],
"offsets": [
[
620,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82227",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"single twitch recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
669
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82228",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"single twitch recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
669
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82229",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recovery rate of vecuronium"
],
"offsets": [
[
900,
927
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82230",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"20"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82231",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"20-54"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
314
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82232",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"both sexes"
],
"offsets": [
[
317,
327
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82233",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"abdominal surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
361
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82234 | 7774537 | [
{
"id": "82235",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Diet and vitamin D status among pregnant Pakistani women in Oslo . OBJECTIVES In the present study the diet and the nutritional status of pregnant Pakistani immigrant women have been compared with a group of Norwegian women . DESIGN A cross-sectional survey of women in the 18th week of pregnancy . SETTING Women referred to routine ultrasound examination at Aker and Ullevål Hospitals in Norway . SUBJECTS All ( 58 ) healthy women of Pakistani origin referred from October of 1991 to January of 1992 were included , of whom 38 ( 66 % ) participated . Forty-five Norwegian women were randomly included in the same period and 38 ( 84 % ) of these women participated . RESULTS The serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were significantly lower in the Pakistanis compared with the Norwegians ( median 19 nmol/l vs 55 nmol/l , P < 0.001 ) and 83 % of the Pakistani women had 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels below the reference value ( < 30 nmol/l ) . The Pakistanis had higher levels of serum parathyroid hormone ( median 2.6 vs 1.6 pmol/l , P < 0.001 ) . The Pakistanis also had a lower dietary intake of vitamin D than that of the Norwegians ( median 2.2 vs 3.3 micrograms/day , P < 0.05 ) , and a lower total intake , including supplements ( median 2.9 vs 7.0 micrograms/day , P < 0.001 ) . Among the Pakistanis a correlation was found between the dietary intake of margarine , the main source of vitamin D in the diet , and the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in serum , r = 0.48 ( P = 0.01 ) . In general , the Pakistanis avoided any direct sunshine exposure , and no relation between outdoor activity and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was found . The Pakistani women had a lower intake of calcium than the Norwegians ( median 793 vs 1134 mg/day , P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION This study has shown that Pakistani women living in Oslo are at great risk of developing vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy . The main reasons for this are avoidance of sun exposure , a low dietary intake of vitamin D , and no or little use of supplementation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2045
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82236",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
715
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82237",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
897
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82238",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum parathyroid hormone"
],
"offsets": [
[
978,
1003
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82239",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower dietary intake of vitamin D"
],
"offsets": [
[
1073,
1106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82240",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnant Pakistani"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82241",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82242",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pregnant"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82243",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82244",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Norwegian"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
217
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82245",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82246",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82247",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"18th week of pregnancy"
],
"offsets": [
[
274,
296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82248",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"Women"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
312
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82249 | 7789678 | [
{
"id": "82250",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized , controlled study of various agents for endoscopic injection sclerotherapy of bleeding canine gastric varices . The purpose of this study was to compare the relative efficacy and technical ease of use of eight different agents for endoscopic hemostasis and obliteration of bleeding gastric varices in a canine model , as no comparative data are available on gastric variceal sclerotherapy . Large bleeding gastric varices in 20 heparinized dogs were randomized to endoscopic injection treatment with one of the following agents : cyanoacrylate ; a 1:1:1 mixture of sodium tetradecyl sulfate 3 % , ethanol 98 % , and normal saline solution ; ethanolamine oleate 5 % ; sodium morrhuate 5 % ; sodium tetradecyl sulfate 1.5 % ; polidocanol 1 % ; normal saline solution with epinephrine 1:10,000 ; or normal saline solution ( control ) . The number and volume of injections and the time required to achieve complete hemostasis were evaluated ; follow-up endoscopy was performed at 1 month to assess gastric variceal obliteration . Cyanoacrylate was the best agent overall in terms of immediate efficacy , low volume requirement , time required for initial hemostasis , and reduction of gastric variceal size . Cyanoacrylate , tetradecyl sulfate , and polidocanol were the most effective agents for reducing gastric variceal size . Epinephrine was effective for controlling induced or secondary bleeding caused by puncture of the gastric varices with the sclerotherapy needle during intravariceal injections . Ongoing studies are evaluating combinations of agents with different mechanisms of action , such as epinephrine ( for vasoconstriction to minimize secondary bleeding ) plus alcohol , and/or tetradecyl sulfate ( for variceal thrombosis and sclerosis ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1804
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82251",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cyanoacrylate"
],
"offsets": [
[
542,
555
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82252",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"a 1:1:1 mixture of sodium tetradecyl sulfate 3 % , ethanol 98 % , and normal saline solution"
],
"offsets": [
[
558,
650
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82253",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ethanolamine oleate 5 %"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
676
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82254",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium morrhuate 5 % ; sodium tetradecyl sulfate 1.5 % ; polidocanol 1 %"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
751
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82255",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"normal saline solution with epinephrine 1:10,000"
],
"offsets": [
[
754,
802
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82256",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"normal saline solution ( control )"
],
"offsets": [
[
808,
842
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82257",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"relative efficacy and technical ease of use"
],
"offsets": [
[
169,
212
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82258",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"immediate efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1091,
1109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82259",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"low volume requirement"
],
"offsets": [
[
1112,
1134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82260",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"time required for initial hemostasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1137,
1173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82261",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"reduction of gastric variceal size"
],
"offsets": [
[
1180,
1214
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82262",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Cyanoacrylate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1038,
1051
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82263",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tetradecyl sulfate"
],
"offsets": [
[
584,
602
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82264",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"polidocanol"
],
"offsets": [
[
736,
747
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82265",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"induced or secondary bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
1380,
1409
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82266",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"20"
],
"offsets": [
[
437,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82267",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"heparinized"
],
"offsets": [
[
440,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82268 | 7799030 | [
{
"id": "82269",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cytokine levels and systemic toxicity in patients undergoing isolated limb perfusion with high-dose tumor necrosis factor , interferon gamma , and melphalan . PURPOSE Isolated limb perfusion ( ILP ) with tumor necrosis factor ( TNF ) , interferon gamma , and melphalan ( M ) has been reported to result in high response rates for extremity melanoma and sarcoma . We have evaluated the relationship of systemic TNF exposure to induction of several secondary mediators and incidence of systemic toxicity . PATIENTS AND METHODS Nineteen patients with extremity melanoma ( n = 16 ) or sarcoma ( n = 3 ) , underwent 90-minute ILP with TNF-alpha , interferon gamma ( 0.2 mg ) , and M ( 10 to 13 mg/L of limb volume ) ( TNF/IFN/M ) ( n = 12 ) , or M alone ( n = 7 ) . Continuous intraoperative monitoring ( CIM ) for systemic leak from the perfusion circuit was performed using radioactive iodine-131 albumin . Cytokine levels in the perfusate and systemic circulation during and after ILP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay . RESULTS Systemic leaks > or = 1 % from the perfusion circuit occurred in six patients who received TNF/IFN/M and in four who received M alone . Hypotension that required vasopressor support occurred in six of six patients with evidence of a leak ( > or = 1 % ) and zero of six patients without a leak ( < 1 % ) . These six patients had significantly higher peak systemic TNF levels during and after perfusion than patients without a leak ( 2.8 and 8.2 ng/mL v 0.7 and 2.0 ng/mL , respectively ; P < .05 ) . All patients who received TNF/IFN/M had significantly greater increases in systemic interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) levels than in patients with M alone ( 12,395 +/- 10,374 pg/mL v 79.4 +/- 7.2 pg/mL , respectively ; P < .001 ) . Intracellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM ) , IL-8 , and TNF-R levels were also increased after ILP with TNF/IFN/M . CONCLUSION ILP with TNF/IFN/M can be safely performed , as I131 albumin provides a sensitive measure of systemic leakage from the perfusion circuit . Patients with a measured leak of > or = 1 % develop mild and transient postoperative hypotension with significantly higher systemic TNF levels and lower perfusate TNF levels than in patients without leaks ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2234
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82270",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"isolated limb perfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82271",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"with high-dose tumor necrosis factor"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82272",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon gamma"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82273",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"melphalan"
],
"offsets": [
[
147,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82274",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Isolated limb perfusion ( ILP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
198
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82275",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"with tumor necrosis factor ( TNF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
199,
233
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82276",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon gamma"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82277",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"melphalan ( M )"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
274
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82278",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ILP"
],
"offsets": [
[
193,
196
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82279",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"with TNF-alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82280",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon gamma"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82281",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"M"
],
"offsets": [
[
271,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82282",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TNF/IFN/M"
],
"offsets": [
[
713,
722
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82283",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"M alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
741,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82284",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"iodine-131 albumin"
],
"offsets": [
[
883,
901
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82285",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Cytokine levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
15
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82286",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"systemic toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82287",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
311,
325
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82288",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"secondary mediators"
],
"offsets": [
[
447,
466
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82289",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"systemic toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82290",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Systemic leaks"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1058
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82291",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"> or = 1 %"
],
"offsets": [
[
1059,
1069
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82292",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"perfusion circuit"
],
"offsets": [
[
833,
850
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82293",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Hypotension that required vasopressor support"
],
"offsets": [
[
1180,
1225
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82294",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"peak systemic TNF levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1393,
1417
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82295",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"systemic interleukin-6 ( IL-6 ) levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1618,
1656
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82296",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Intracellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM ) , IL-8 , and TNF-R levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1764,
1830
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82297",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"undergoing isolated limb perfusion with high-dose tumor necrosis factor , interferon gamma , and melphalan"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82298",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Nineteen"
],
"offsets": [
[
525,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82299",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"extremity melanoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
330,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82300",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"sarcoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
353,
360
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82301 | 7801065 | [
{
"id": "82302",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Low power Ga-Al-As laser treatment of painful osteoarthritis of the knee . A double-blind placebo-controlled study . The aim of this double-blind study was to evaluate the effect of low power Ga-Al-As laser treatment on chronic pain related to osteoarthritis of the knee with periarticular tender points . Twenty-nine out-patients with uni- or bilateral osteoarthritis of the knee were included and randomly assigned to treatment with either laser or placebo laser . Fourteen patients received active laser treatment and all patients included completed the study . The effect variables were daily levels of pain , analgesic requirements , palpation tenderness and isokinetic quadriceps strength . Each patient participated in the study for 9 weeks and registered daily level of pain and consumption of analgesics . In weeks 4 , 5 and 6 the patients received a total of nine treatments , each of 15 min and administered to periarticular tender points . The dose per treatment was 22.5 joule . No significant differences in any of the effect variables were found between the two groups before , during or after treatment . With regard to the patients ' overall assessment there was a clearly demonstrable positive effect of treatment in both groups . This is likely to be due to a placebo effect ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1295
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82303",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Ga-Al-As laser treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82304",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82305",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"low power Ga-Al-As laser treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
182,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82306",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laser"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82307",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo laser"
],
"offsets": [
[
451,
464
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82308",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"laser treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82309",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82310",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"painful osteoarthritis"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82311",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"chronic pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
220,
232
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82312",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"daily levels of pain ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
613
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82313",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"analgesic requirements"
],
"offsets": [
[
614,
636
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82314",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
", palpation tenderness and isokinetic quadriceps strength"
],
"offsets": [
[
637,
694
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82315",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"daily level of pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82316",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"consumption of analgesics"
],
"offsets": [
[
787,
812
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82317 | 7803065 | [
{
"id": "82318",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Health promotion and disease prevention for older adults : opportunity for change or preaching to the converted ? Health promotion and disease prevention for the elderly offer the potential for improving the quality of life for the growing population of older adults , while reducing the economic burden on the health system . Whether this potential can be realized depends , in part , on whether those older adults whose health behaviors put them at risk actually use preventive services when offered the opportunity . In 1988 the Health Care Financing Administration began a series of health promotion demonstrations to address health issues related to older adults . This article reports on program participation at one of the five demonstration sites . Over 1,900 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries who receive their health care through fee-for-service providers were enrolled in the demonstration . These enrollees were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups , with the latter offered health screening and promotion services . Nine hundred-seventy-three of the experimental subjects and 938 of the control subjects completed a lengthy telephone interview , which determined each person 's use of preventive services and practices . Although all 973 experimental subjects were invited by letter and follow-up telephone calls to attend these free-of-charge , Medicare-provided sessions , not everyone attended . We analyzed 17 health behaviors of those who attended the first session and those who did not . Those engaging in these preventive behaviors were neither more nor less likely to attend the screening services . Thus , we found neither \" favorable \" nor \" unfavorable \" selection bias in the use of these preventive services ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1760
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82319",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"preventive services"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82320",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"health promotion demonstrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
587,
618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82321",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
953,
960
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82322",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"health screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
1011,
1027
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82323",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"promotion services"
],
"offsets": [
[
1032,
1050
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82324",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"older adults :"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
58
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82325",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"the elderly"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82326",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"older adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82327",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"health behaviors put them at risk"
],
"offsets": [
[
422,
455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82328",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"1988 the Health Care Financing Administration"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82329",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"older adults ."
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
669
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82330",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1,900 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries"
],
"offsets": [
[
762,
809
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82331",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Nine hundred-seventy-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
1053,
1079
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82332",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"completed a lengthy telephone interview , which determined each person 's use of preventive services and practices"
],
"offsets": [
[
1141,
1255
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82333 | 7806134 | [
{
"id": "82334",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lipoprotein ( a ) serum levels in post-menopausal women treated with oral estrogens administered at different times . The different effects on serum lipoprotein ( a ) [ Lp ( a ) ] levels by administering estrogens at different times of the day ( 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. ) were evaluated in twenty-four post-menopausal women . Patients were assigned to one of the two treatment groups by random sampling numbers . Patients of both groups received 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogens daily per os for 21 days . Group A patients ( n : 9 ) received the pill at 8 a.m. , and group B patients ( n : 12 ) received the pill at 8 p.m . There were no statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups as regards the anthropometric characteristics , the basal values of the Lp ( a ) , the sex steroid and pituitary hormone levels . Administration of conjugated equine estrogens resulted in decreased levels of Lp ( a ) only in group B after treatment . The different Lp ( a ) behaviour in the two groups and in the presence of the same serum hormonal levels , seems to be dependent on the existence of a circadian rhythm of the hepatic responsiveness to estrogens , whose expression is higher during evening hours ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1220
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82335",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral estrogens"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82336",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"estrogens"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82337",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conjugated equine estrogens"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
476
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82338",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"conjugated equine estrogens"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
476
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82339",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
139
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82340",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anthropometric characteristics , the basal values of the Lp ( a ) , the sex steroid and pituitary hormone levels ."
],
"offsets": [
[
722,
836
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82341",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of Lp ( a )"
],
"offsets": [
[
905,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82342",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"post-menopausal women treated with oral estrogens administered at different times ."
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82343",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"twenty-four post-menopausal women ."
],
"offsets": [
[
284,
319
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82344 | 7809641 | [
{
"id": "82345",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ A comparison of 2 methods of plastic cast fixation in treatment of loco classico radius fracture . A prospective , randomized study ] . The purpose of this study was to compare the functional and radiological result of two different positions of the wrist in a plaster cast following Colles ' fracture . For this prospective study , each of 50 patients with type A 2.2 , A 3.3 , C 1.2 or C 2.2 ( AO classification ) fractures of the radius was randomly assigned to one of two groups . Both groups were treated in the same way as far as anaesthesia and reduction were concerned . The only difference in treatment lay in the position of fixation in plaster . In group 1 the wrist was immobilized in neutral flexion-extension . In group 2 the wrist was dorsiflexed 20 degrees , while the carpus was pushed in a volar direction by an impression in the plaster cast . At review 2-7 years after the accidents , the two groups were compared with reference to symptoms , range of motion at the wrist , power of first closure and radiographic appearance . In group 1 there were 5 patients with significant disability , compared with only 1 in group 2 . A significant difference was found in the range of movement between the two groups for flexion and ulnar abduction ( p < 0.01 ) . The loss of power of first clenching ( difference between injured and healthy hand ) was 6.2 mmHg for group 1 and 3.8 mmHg for group 2 ( not significant ) . The radiographic examination showed significant differences both in sagittal inclination ( p < 0.001 ) and in radial shortening ( p < 0.05 ) . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1611
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82346",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plastic cast fixation"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82347",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plaster cast"
],
"offsets": [
[
263,
275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82348",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"wrist was immobilized in neutral flexion-extension"
],
"offsets": [
[
674,
724
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82349",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"dorsiflexed 20 degrees , while the carpus was pushed in a volar direction by an impression in the plaster cast"
],
"offsets": [
[
752,
862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82350",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptoms , range of motion at the wrist , power of first closure and radiographic appearance"
],
"offsets": [
[
954,
1046
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82351",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"range of movement"
],
"offsets": [
[
1188,
1205
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82352",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"loss of power of first clenching"
],
"offsets": [
[
1280,
1312
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82353 | 7810153 | [
{
"id": "82354",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of cisapride on delayed colonic transit time in patients with idiopathic Parkinson 's disease . Disorders of autonomic regulation are common in patients with Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) . Patients most frequently complain of dysphagia and therapy resistant constipation , as far as the gastrointestinal tract is concerned . These symptoms have to be attributed to a neuronal degeneration . In a pilot study we therefore investigated the effect of stimulation of the myenteric plexus by cisapride . 11 women and 13 men were examined , the average age was 67.3 years , the Webster rating 17 points . In 2 out of 24 patients , colonic transit was prolonged up to the limit , both with and without therapy . The other 22 patients showed an acceleration in transit on response to cisapride . On average the colonic transit of 130 hours was reduced to 79 hours . This objective improvement was associated with a subjective improvement . Central side effects or a worsening of Parkinsonian symptoms were not found . We conclude that cisapride is effective in the treatment of constipation in idiopathic PD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1111
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82355",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82356",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride ."
],
"offsets": [
[
497,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82357",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride ."
],
"offsets": [
[
497,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82358",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisapride"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82359",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"colonic transit time"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82360",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"colonic transit"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82361",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"acceleration in transit"
],
"offsets": [
[
747,
770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82362",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"colonic transit"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82363",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"worsening of Parkinsonian symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
968,
1002
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82364",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"idiopathic Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82365",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Disorders of autonomic regulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
107,
140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82366",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Parkinson 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82367",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PD"
],
"offsets": [
[
192,
194
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82368",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"11"
],
"offsets": [
[
509,
511
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82369",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
512,
517
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82370",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"13"
],
"offsets": [
[
522,
524
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82371",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
514,
517
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82372",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"67.3"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82373",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"constipation"
],
"offsets": [
[
268,
280
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82374",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"idiopathic PD"
],
"offsets": [
[
1096,
1109
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82375 | 7814161 | [
{
"id": "82376",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Physiological pacing improves symptoms and increases exercise capacity in the elderly patient . We evaluated the benefits of physiological pacing in the elderly by recruiting 13 subjects > 75 years of age , already fitted with a physiological pacing system . All had been paced for complete or Mobitz II heart block . Double blind cross over study was performed comparing exercise capacity , measuring distance walked on a 6-min walking test and time taken to climb two flights of stairs ; and symptoms , evaluated by an activity of daily living questionnaire , in atrioventricular synchronous and ventricular pacing . Mean distance walked was significantly higher in atrioventricular synchronous than in ventricular pacing ( 360 +/- 65 m vs. 327 +/- 69 m ; P < 0.01 ) . No significant difference was found in the ability to climb stairs but there was a marked improvement in the symptomatic questionnaire score , 19 +/- 5 in physiological pacing increasing to 28 +/- 10 with ventricular . Physiological pacing in the elderly produces an increase in exercise tolerance and improves symptoms ; therefore , age alone should not be a contraindication to a physiological system ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1175
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82377",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"physiological pacing system ."
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
258
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82378",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"atrioventricular synchronous and ventricular pacing ."
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82379",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"atrioventricular synchronous"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82380",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"ventricular pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
598,
616
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82381",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"physiological pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
125,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82382",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Physiological pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82383",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"exercise capacity"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82384",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"measuring distance walked on a 6-min walking test"
],
"offsets": [
[
392,
441
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82385",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"time taken to climb two flights of stairs"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82386",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82387",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"activity of daily living questionnaire"
],
"offsets": [
[
521,
559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82388",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Mean distance walked"
],
"offsets": [
[
619,
639
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82389",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"No significant difference"
],
"offsets": [
[
771,
796
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82390",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ability to climb stairs"
],
"offsets": [
[
814,
837
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82391",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"marked improvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
854,
872
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82392",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"symptomatic questionnaire score"
],
"offsets": [
[
880,
911
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82393",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"physiological pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
125,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82394",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Physiological pacing"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
20
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82395",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"increase"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82396",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"exercise tolerance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1050,
1068
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82397",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"improves symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82398",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"elderly"
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82399",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"13"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82400",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"> 75 years of age"
],
"offsets": [
[
187,
204
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82401",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"paced for complete or Mobitz II heart block"
],
"offsets": [
[
272,
315
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82402 | 7814306 | [
{
"id": "82403",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Vigorous , aerobic exercise versus general motor training activities : effects on maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors of adults with both autism and mental retardation . Examined the effects of antecedent exercise conditions on maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors in 6 adults with both autism and moderate to profound mental retardation . The behaviors were observed in a controlled environment before and after 2 exercise and 1 non-exercise conditions . From the original group of 6 participants , 2 were selected subsequently to participate in aerobic exercise immediately before performing a community-integrated vocational task . Only antecedent aerobic exercise significantly reduced maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors in the controlled setting . Neither of the less vigorous antecedent conditions did . When aerobic exercise preceded the vocational task , similar reductions were observed . There were individual differences in response to antecedent exercise . Use of antecedent aerobic exercise to reduce maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors of adults with both autism and mental retardation is supported ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1122
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82404",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Vigorous , aerobic exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82405",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"general motor training activities"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82406",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antecedent exercise conditions"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82407",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82408",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"non-exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
433,
445
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82409",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"aerobic exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82410",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antecedent aerobic exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
643,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82411",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"aerobic exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82412",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antecedent exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82413",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antecedent aerobic exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
643,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82414",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82415",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82416",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82417",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"maladaptive and stereotypic behaviors"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82418",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"adults with both autism and mental retardation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
123,
171
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82419",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"6 adults with both autism and moderate to profound mental retardation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
271,
342
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82420 | 7815983 | [
{
"id": "82421",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ Carbohydrate substitutes : comparative study of intestinal absorption of fructose , sorbitol and xylitol ] . BACKGROUND The carbohydrate substitutes fructose , sorbitol and xylitol are gaining more and more importance in the production of dietary food . But they can provoke gastrointestinal side-effects . In a randomized double blind study the rate of malabsorption of these sugars was compared and the concomitant symptoms were recorded . SUBJECTS AND METHODS 25 healthy controls received 25 g of each sugar within 3 consecutive days . The intestinal absorption was determined by H2-exhalation tests and the clinical symptoms were recorded . RESULTS The rate of malabsorption was 84 % for sorbitol , 36 % for fructose and 12 % for xylitol ( p < 0.01 for sorbitol versus fructose and xylitol ) . 57 % of the participants with pathological H2-test after sorbitol and 56 % after fructose reported symptoms , while all of the 3 malabsorbers of xylitol were symptomatic . CONCLUSIONS There is an advantage to administering xylitol and fructose with regard to the intestinal absorption and concomitant symptoms as compared with sorbitol . H2-exhalation tests appear to be a reliable diagnostic tool to detect carbohydrate malabsorption and should find broader application in patients suffering from non-specific abdominal complaints ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1333
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82422",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82423",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82424",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82425",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82426",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82427",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82428",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"25 g of each sugar"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82429",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82430",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82431",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82432",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82433",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82434",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82435",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82436",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82437",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82438",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"xylitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82439",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82440",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sorbitol"
],
"offsets": [
[
86,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82441",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intestinal absorption was determined by H2-exhalation tests"
],
"offsets": [
[
545,
604
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82442",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
613,
630
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82443",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rate of malabsorption"
],
"offsets": [
[
348,
369
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82444",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intestinal absorption"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
71
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82445",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"carbohydrate malabsorption"
],
"offsets": [
[
1208,
1234
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82446",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"intestinal absorption of fructose"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82447",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"25"
],
"offsets": [
[
465,
467
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82448",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
468,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82449 | 7820060 | [
{
"id": "82450",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Interferon treatment for hairy cell leukemia . An update on a cohort of 69 patients treated from 1983 to 1986 . We report follow-up information on 69 hairy cell leukemia ( HCL ) patients treated with interferon alfa-2b ( IFN ) as primary treatment from 1983 to 1986 . Follow-up through April , 1993 shows that only 14 patients have expired . Forty-seven of the 61 patients completing the intended 12 or more months of initial IFN treatment were eventually considered IFN failures . Forty-three required re-treatment ( 41 received a second course of IFN and 2 received pentostatin ) . Four patients died without further therapy for HCL . The median time to interferon failure was 31.3 months . Fourteen patients are alive and have not required further treatment after completing their initial 12 or more months of interferon . Fifteen patients underwent a third course of interferon therapy at a median time after completion of a second course of IFN of 1.0 year . Eighteen patients were eventually treated with pentostatin and ten with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine ( 2-CdA ) . Thirteen patients developed a second malignancy ; six of these patients developed a hematologic malignancy between 44.6 months and 99.1 months after initiation of interferon therapy . We conclude that although interferon provides excellent palliation , that most patients will eventually require further treatment with interferon or chemotherapy . Future trials in HCL must be aware of the risk of second malignancies ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1490
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82451",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon alfa-2b ( IFN )"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
226
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82452",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN"
],
"offsets": [
[
221,
224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82453",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN"
],
"offsets": [
[
221,
224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82454",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN"
],
"offsets": [
[
221,
224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82455",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pentostatin )"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82456",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82457",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82458",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82459",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN"
],
"offsets": [
[
221,
224
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82460",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pentostatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82461",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"2-chlorodeoxyadenosine ( 2-CdA ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1036,
1070
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82462",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82463",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82464",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82465",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1404,
1416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82466",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hairy cell leukemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82467",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hairy cell leukemia ( HCL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82468",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HCL"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
175
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82469",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"second malignancy ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
1101,
1120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82470",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hematologic malignancy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1155,
1177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82471",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"interferon"
],
"offsets": [
[
200,
210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82472",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1404,
1416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82473",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"second malignancies"
],
"offsets": [
[
1469,
1488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82474",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hairy cell leukemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82475",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"69"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82476",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"69"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82477",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hairy cell leukemia ( HCL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82478 | 7824501 | [
{
"id": "82479",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ New approaches to evaluation of nonspecific inhalation provocation ( dose-response relationship ) in the comparative evaluation of bronchial hyperreactivity within the scope of clinical trials ] . For the performance of clinical drug trials in the therapy for bronchial hyperresponsiveness , unspecific inhalatory provocation tests are generally employed to judge therapeutic success . In particular , the parameter-specific provocation doses are considered to be the main target values . However , it must be considered that these provocation doses are not equally calculable for every patient in the same way and at any examination time . This leads to the fact that the number of evaluable case studies is often appreciably lower than the number of test participants and that a meaningful therapy group comparison may even not be possible under certain circumstances . An evaluation model is presented here in order to fully exploit the obtained data ; in this the percentile changes of the function parameters ( estimated by linear regression ) at a defined dose of the provocation substance are analyzed . In analogy , a survival time model and , as a supplement , a best case/worst case analysis are performed for further statistical evaluation . With the present procedure , an evaluation with inclusion of all test participants is possible . In contrast to the previously used evaluation procedures , this allows a reliable statistical confirmation of the results of clinical tests in the therapy for bronchial hyperresponsiveness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1542
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82480",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nonspecific inhalation provocation"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82481",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival time model"
],
"offsets": [
[
1128,
1147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82482",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"bronchial hyperreactivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82483",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"bronchial hyperresponsiveness"
],
"offsets": [
[
262,
291
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82484",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"bronchial hyperresponsiveness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1511,
1542
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82485 | 7825420 | [
{
"id": "82486",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Efficacy and safety of timolol/pilocarpine combination drops in glaucoma patients . The aim of this randomized , double-blind study with two parallel groups was to examine the safety , efficacy and tolerability of two combination eye drops containing 0.5 % timolol and 2 % pilocarpine ( Fotil , Leiras , Finland , and Timpilo , MSD , USA ) in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension . Efficacy was determined based on daytime intraocular pressure curve and safety by examining visual fields , visual acuity , optic discs , by determining blood pressure and pulse rate , and by performing Schirmer and fluorescein tests . A total of 89 patients were enrolled , and 71 completed the 10-week treatment period . This study showed that the two combinations of 0.5 % timolol maleate and 2 % pilocarpine HCl compared in this study were equally effective in reducing intraocular pressure . The decrease in mean daily intraocular pressure from 0 to 10 weeks was 7.48 mmHg for Fotil , and 6.31 for Timpilo . The mean decrease in mean daily intraocular pressure was 29.3 % for Fotil , and 26.0 % for Timpilo . No significant differences were found between the groups . Adverse event were reported by 70 out of 89 patients by the end of 2 weeks , but were severe enough only in 11 for the treatment to be discontinued . In all others , adverse events were of transient nature and considered mild . In general , adverse events were similar in both study groups . However , burning was more common in patients on Fotil , and blurring of vision and light sensitivity were more common in patients on Timpilo . In patients with no contraindication to beta-blockers , these drugs appeared to be safe . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1725
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82487",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"timolol/pilocarpine"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82488",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"timolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82489",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pilocarpine"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82490",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"timolol maleate"
],
"offsets": [
[
767,
782
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82491",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pilocarpine HCl"
],
"offsets": [
[
791,
806
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82492",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intraocular pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
432,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82493",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean daily intraocular pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
904,
935
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82494",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean daily intraocular pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
904,
935
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82495",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Adverse event"
],
"offsets": [
[
1164,
1177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82496",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1330,
1344
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82497",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1330,
1344
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82498",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"burning"
],
"offsets": [
[
1466,
1473
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82499",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blurring of vision and light sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1517,
1557
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82500",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"glaucoma patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82501",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension ."
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82502",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"total of 89 patients were enrolled , and 71 completed the 10-week treatment period ."
],
"offsets": [
[
629,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82503 | 7826791 | [
{
"id": "82504",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Co-administration of pethidine and clonidine : a spinal anaesthetic technique for total hip replacement . Co-administration of pethidine 0.75 mg kg-1 and clonidine 75 micrograms intrathecally provided good intraoperative anaesthesia for total hip replacement , similar to that obtained using 0.5 % isobaric bupivacaine . Sensory and motor block were of shorter duration than that after 0.5 % isobaric bupivacaine and 0.5 % isobaric bupivacaine with morphine 0.5 mg ( P < 0.001 sensory block , P < 0.001 motor block ) . Postoperative morphine consumption , measured using a patient-controlled system , was similar to that in patients in the bupivacaine only group ( pethidine-clonidine : median 39 mg/24 h ; bupivacaine : median 34 mg/24 h ) but greater than that in the bupivacaine-morphine group ( median 8 mg/24 h ) ( P < 0.001 ) . Visual analogue pain scores after operation were similar to those with bupivacaine alone at all but one of the recording times but were greater than those in patients who received bupivacaine and morphine at 4 , 6 and 10 h after operation ( P < 0.001 , P < 0.04 , P < 0.02 ) . The combination did not offer any major advantage over conventional agents ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1187
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82505",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pethidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
21,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82506",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82507",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"total hip replacement"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82508",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pethidine 0.75 mg kg-1"
],
"offsets": [
[
127,
149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82509",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"clonidine 75 micrograms"
],
"offsets": [
[
154,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82510",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"total hip replacement"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82511",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"0.5 % isobaric bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82512",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isobaric bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
298,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82513",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isobaric bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
298,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82514",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
457
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82515",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
457
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82516",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82517",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pethidine-clonidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
665,
684
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82518",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82519",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bupivacaine-morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
770,
790
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82520",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bupivacaine alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
905,
922
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82521",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bupivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
307,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82522",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"morphine"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
457
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82523",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Postoperative"
],
"offsets": [
[
519,
532
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82524",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"morphine consumption"
],
"offsets": [
[
533,
553
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82525",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"Visual analogue pain scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
834,
861
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82526 | 7829176 | [
{
"id": "82527",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of flurbiprofen sodium on pupillary dilatation during scleral buckling surgery . Maintenance of pupillary dilatation is necessary for success of scleral buckling procedures . The efficacy of 0.03 % flurbiprofen in preventing intraoperative miosis was evaluated by a prospective randomized , double-masked controlled trial of 60 patients . Thirty patients received 0.03 % flurbiprofen 6 times at 15 minute intervals 90 minutes preoperatively in addition to the routine dilation regimen . The treated group had a mean pupillary decrease of 1.88 mm and the control group had a decrease of 1.57 mm ( p > 0.05 ) . Flurbiprofen did not affect the pupillary size at any step of the surgery . Factors such as age of the patient , lens status , number of cryo applications , duration of surgery , and the size and extent of buckle were assessed . The use of flurbiprofen did not affect the mean pupillary change for any of these groups . Preoperative use of flurbiprofen does not significantly decrease intraoperative miosis during scleral buckling procedures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1059
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82528",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"flurbiprofen sodium"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82529",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"0.03 % flurbiprofen"
],
"offsets": [
[
198,
217
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82530",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"flurbiprofen"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82531",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Flurbiprofen"
],
"offsets": [
[
616,
628
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82532",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"flurbiprofen"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82533",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"flurbiprofen"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82534",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pupillary dilatation"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82535",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pupillary dilatation"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82536",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean pupillary decrease"
],
"offsets": [
[
518,
541
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82537",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"pupillary size"
],
"offsets": [
[
648,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82538",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"age of the patient"
],
"offsets": [
[
708,
726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82539",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lens status"
],
"offsets": [
[
729,
740
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82540",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of cryo applications"
],
"offsets": [
[
743,
770
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82541",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration of surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
773,
792
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82542",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"size and extent of buckle"
],
"offsets": [
[
803,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82543",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean pupillary change"
],
"offsets": [
[
888,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82544",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intraoperative miosis during scleral buckling procedures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1001,
1057
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82545",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"scleral buckling surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82546",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"scleral buckling procedures"
],
"offsets": [
[
152,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82547",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"60"
],
"offsets": [
[
332,
334
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82548",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty"
],
"offsets": [
[
346,
352
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82549 | 7831455 | [
{
"id": "82550",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Scales for the assessment of neuroleptic response in schizophrenic children : specific measures derived from the CPRS . This article reports the psychometric properties of two scales for rating positive and negative schizophrenic signs and symptoms . These Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales consist of items selected from the Children 's Psychiatric Rating Scale ( CPRS ) , which contains items covering a wide range of childhood psychopathology . CPRS rating data were analyzed for 19 schizophrenic children , 16 males and 3 females , mean age 8.9 years ( range 5.5-11.7 ) , evaluated in a double-blind , placebo-controlled crossover study of haloperidol . We describe the item composition and coherence of each scale , the interrater reliabilities of clinicians using the scales , and the sensitivity of the scales for resolving treatment response . Schizophrenic children showed both positive and negative signs and symptoms , and both improved with neuroleptic treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
980
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82551",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
610,
628
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82552",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"haloperidol"
],
"offsets": [
[
648,
659
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82553",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuroleptic"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82554",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82555",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales"
],
"offsets": [
[
257,
294
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82556",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"positive and negative signs and symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
891,
931
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82557",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuroleptic treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
957,
978
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82558",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"schizophrenic"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82559",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82560",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"19"
],
"offsets": [
[
487,
489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82561",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"schizophrenic"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82562",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82563",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"16"
],
"offsets": [
[
515,
517
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82564",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
518,
523
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82565",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"3"
],
"offsets": [
[
528,
529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82566",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"females"
],
"offsets": [
[
530,
537
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82567",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"mean age 8.9 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
540,
558
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82568",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"5.5-11.7"
],
"offsets": [
[
567,
575
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82569",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Schizophrenic"
],
"offsets": [
[
856,
869
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82570",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82571 | 7831456 | [
{
"id": "82572",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Naltrexone plasma levels , clinical response and effect on weight in autistic children . This research measured naltrexone levels in plasma , to assess the relationship between behavioral response to naltrexone and plasma levels , and the effects of naltrexone on weight in hospitalized autistic children ( n = 41 ) . A double-blind , placebo-controlled , parallel groups design with fixed dose was used , with random assignment to naltrexone or placebo . Drug plasma levels were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry , and weights were obtained weekly . Naltrexone levels measured in 17 children ranged from 0.12 to 5.60 ng/mL ( mean = 0.71 , standard error of the mean = 0.32 ) . There was no relationship between plasma levels and age , level of intellectual functioning , scores on the 14 selected Children 's Psychiatric Rating Scale ( CPRS ) items , Clinical Global Impressions , Global Clinical Consensus , and the CPRS hyperactivity factor . There was a trend ( p = .06 ) for children receiving naltrexone in the highest weight percentile ( > or = 90th ) to lose weight ( mean = -0.42 kg ) but this was not the case for those in the lower weight percentiles ( mean = +0.03 kg ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1198
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82573",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82574",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82575",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82576",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82577",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
353
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82578",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
335,
342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82579",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"gas chromatography/mass spectrometry"
],
"offsets": [
[
492,
528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82580",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
", and"
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
234
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82581",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"weights were obtained weekly"
],
"offsets": [
[
535,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82582",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82583",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Drug plasma levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
456,
474
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82584",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Children 's Psychiatric Rating Scale ( CPRS ) items , Clinical Global Impressions , Global Clinical Consensus , and the CPRS hyperactivity factor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
813,
960
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82585",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autistic children ."
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82586",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hospitalized autistic children ( n = 41 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
274,
317
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82587",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"17"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82588",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82589",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"14 selected"
],
"offsets": [
[
801,
812
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82590 | 7840362 | [
{
"id": "82591",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Dexamethasone for the treatment of depression : a randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind trial . OBJECTIVE The authors ' goal was to assess dexamethasone for the treatment of depression . METHOD Thirty-seven outpatients ( 11 men and 26 women ) meeting DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or 4 mg/day of oral dexamethasone for 4 days . Baseline Hamilton depression scale scores were compared with scores obtained 14 days after the first dose of study medication . Data were analyzed by using two-sample t tests , chi-square methods , and Fisher 's exact test . RESULTS Seven ( 37 % ) of the 19 patients given dexamethasone but only one ( 6 % ) of the 18 patients given placebo responded positively . No adverse events or side effects were reported , and all patients who entered the study completed it . CONCLUSIONS A brief course of oral dexamethasone ( 4 days ) was significantly more effective than placebo within 14 days for the treatment of depression in a randomized , double-blind study of depressed outpatients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1089
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82592",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82593",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82594",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82595",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82596",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
148,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82597",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82598",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hamilton depression scale scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
414,
446
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82599",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events or side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
772,
802
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82600 | 7841058 | [
{
"id": "82601",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The efficacy of audiotapes in promoting psychological well-being in cancer patients : a randomised , controlled trial . Open or uncontrolled studies have suggested that providing cancer patients with audiotapes of their clinical interviews can improve information recall and reduce psychological distress . We tested these hypotheses in a 'clinician-blind ' , prospective , randomised controlled trial . A total of 117 patients newly referred to a medical oncology clinic who were to be given 'bad news ' had their consultations audiotaped . Blind to the clinician , patients were randomly allocated to receive a copy of the tape to play at home or not ( control group ) . At 6 months follow-up , tape group patients reported positive attitudes to the audiotape and were shown to recall significantly more information about their illness than did controls . Overall improvement in psychological distress at 1 and 6 months follow-up , as measured with the 30-item General Health Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was no different in the two groups . However , a second-order interaction suggested that poor-prognosis patients were disadvantaged specifically by access to the audiotape , with less improvement in psychological distress at 6 months follow-up than non-tape controls . Patient access to audiotapes of clinical interviews promotes factual retention but does not reliably reduce psychological distress and may be actively unhelpful in some subgroups of patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1499
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82602",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"audiotapes"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82603",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"audiotapes"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82604",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"audiotaped"
],
"offsets": [
[
529,
539
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82605",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"copy of the tape to play at home or not ( control group )"
],
"offsets": [
[
613,
670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82606",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"audiotape"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82607",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"audiotapes"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82608",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"promoting psychological well-being"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
64
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82609",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"information recall"
],
"offsets": [
[
252,
270
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82610",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological distress"
],
"offsets": [
[
282,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82611",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"positive attitudes"
],
"offsets": [
[
726,
744
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82612",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"recall significantly more information about their illness"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
837
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82613",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological distress"
],
"offsets": [
[
282,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82614",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"30-item General Health Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
955,
1037
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82615",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological distress"
],
"offsets": [
[
282,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82616",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"factual retention"
],
"offsets": [
[
1368,
1385
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82617",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological distress"
],
"offsets": [
[
282,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82618",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82619",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82620",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"117"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
418
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82621 | 7851604 | [
{
"id": "82622",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Profound luteinizing hormone suppression after stopping the gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist leuprolide acetate . OBJECTIVE To compare levels of serum LH during continued use of leuprolide acetate ( LA ) with levels during the first week after discontinuing LA . DESIGN Prospective controlled study . SETTING Clinical assisted conception program . PATIENTS Women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for assisted conception were randomized to receive LA according to \" short \" or \" ultrashort \" protocols . The alternative protocol was used then in a second cycle . Each patient was thus her own control . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Serum LH over time . RESULTS When LA was stopped after 5 days of administration , LH levels fell profoundly when compared with levels when LA was continued . CONCLUSION Loss of LH after stopping LA is likely to be clinically important in ovarian stimulation regimens that use pure FSH with LA in ultrashort protocols . The fall in LH lasts at least 1 week and may be explainable by persistent suppression of endogenous GnRH by LA during this time ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1087
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82623",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gonadotropin-releasing hormone-agonist leuprolide acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82624",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"leuprolide acetate ( LA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
184,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82625",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82626",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82627",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82628",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82629",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LA"
],
"offsets": [
[
205,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82630",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Serum LH over time"
],
"offsets": [
[
639,
657
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82631",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LH levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
721,
730
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82632",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"LH"
],
"offsets": [
[
157,
159
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82633",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LH"
],
"offsets": [
[
157,
159
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82634",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"Women"
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82635",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ovarian stimulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
391,
410
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82636 | 7856515 | [
{
"id": "82637",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Acute exposure to acid fog : influence of breathing pattern on effective dose . Concern about the possible adverse health effects of acid fog has been fed by two observations : air pollution disasters earlier in this century were typically associated with fog , and current samples of fog water can be strongly acid . To study the acute effects of acid fog on the lung , the authors generated a monodisperse 10 microM MMAD aerosol of H2SO4 with a pH of 2.0 and a nominal concentration of 500 micrograms/m3 . They exposed seven healthy young men on alternate days to acid or control equiosmolar NaCl aerosol during 40 min of resting ventilation and 20 min of exercise ; the latter was sufficiently intense to induce oronasal breathing . Exposure was by means of a head dome , a head-only exposure device that permitted continuous measurement ( unfettered breathing ) of Vr , f , VE , and the onset and persistence of oronasal breathing . In this article the authors compare the relative importance of parameters contributing to the between-subject variability in estimated hydrogen ion dose to the lower airways ( H+LAW ) , based on analysis of variance . Physiologic parameters accounted for 70 % of the variability , of which 34 % was due to differences in duration of oronasal breathing ( tON ) and 36 % to differences in ventilation rate during oronasal breathing ( VE ( ON ) ) ; inhaled hydrogen ion concentration [ H+ ] , the environmental parameter , contributed only 30 % . Minute ventilation at the time of transition from nasal to oronasal breathing varied significantly among subjects even if normalized to FVC , an index of lung size ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1646
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82638",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"monodisperse 10 microM MMAD aerosol of H2SO4"
],
"offsets": [
[
395,
439
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82639",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"nominal concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
463,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82640",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82641",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
574,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82642",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"equiosmolar NaCl aerosol"
],
"offsets": [
[
582,
606
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82643",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"effective dose"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82644",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse health effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
107,
129
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82645",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oronasal breathing"
],
"offsets": [
[
715,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82646",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oronasal breathing"
],
"offsets": [
[
715,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82647",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower airways"
],
"offsets": [
[
1097,
1110
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82648",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"duration of oronasal breathing ( tON )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1258,
1296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82649",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ventilation rate during oronasal breathing ( VE ( ON ) ) ; inhaled hydrogen ion concentration [ H+ ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
1324,
1424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82650",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"exposure to acid fog :"
],
"offsets": [
[
6,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82651",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"seven"
],
"offsets": [
[
521,
526
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82652",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"healthy young men"
],
"offsets": [
[
527,
544
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82653 | 7857500 | [
{
"id": "82654",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hypericum treatment of mild depressions with somatic symptoms . In a randomized , placebo-controlled , double-blind study , 39 patients with depression with somatic symptoms were treated with hypericum extract LI 160 . The therapy lasted for 4 weeks ; the dosage was 300 mg three times daily . At the onset of the study as well as after 2 and 4 weeks , the following criteria were analyzed : HAMD , B-L , CGI , and vegetative symptoms . The results show a significant improvement in the active treatment group at the 5 % level as compared to placebo . Seventy percent of the patients treated with LI 160 were free of symptoms after 4 weeks . Typical symptoms of the depression such as lack of activity , tiredness , fatigue , and disturbed sleep , were especially responsive . In no case were any undesirable side effects observed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
832
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82655",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Hypericum treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82656",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
100
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82657",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hypericum extract LI 160"
],
"offsets": [
[
192,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82658",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"significant improvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
456,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82659",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82660",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"lack of activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
685,
701
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82661",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tiredness"
],
"offsets": [
[
704,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82662",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"fatigue"
],
"offsets": [
[
716,
723
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82663",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"disturbed sleep"
],
"offsets": [
[
730,
745
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82664",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"undesirable side effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
797,
821
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82665",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"mild depressions with somatic symptoms ."
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82666",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"39 patients with depression with somatic symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
124,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82667 | 7859140 | [
{
"id": "82668",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Safety and efficacy of thymopentin in zidovudine ( AZT ) -treated asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3 : a double-blind placebo-controlled trial . Thymopentin , 50 mg subcutaneously ( s.c. ) 3 times per week , was evaluated in a double-blind , randomized , placebo-controlled trial of zidovudine ( AZT ) -treated asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) -infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3 at entry . The 352 subjects were prestratified by prior AZT use into stratum I ( 235 subjects , > 6 months AZT at entry ) and stratum II ( 117 subjects , < or = 6 months AZT at entry ) . Clinical end points , CD4 cell counts , serum p24 , serum immune complex dissociated ( ICD ) p24 , and safety variables were evaluated through 48 weeks , using an intent-to-treat analysis . The two strata were analyzed individually because they yielded different clinical outcomes , with a statistically significant treatment-by-stratum interaction . In stratum I ( mean , 16 months AZT at entry ) two AIDS or death events occurred in thymopentin and 10 in placebo recipients ( p = 0.024 ; relative risk ( RR ) estimate , 4.9 [ 95 % confidence limit ( CI ) , 1.1 to 22.2 ] ) . There were three AIDS-related complex ( ARC ) , AIDS , or death events in thymopentin and 18 in placebo recipients [ p = 0.001 ; RR estimate , 5.9 ( 95 % CI , 1.7 to 20.0 ) ] . In stratum II ( mean , 3 months AZT at entry ) , four AIDS or death events occurred in thymopentin and none in placebo recipients ( p = 0.11 ) , and four ARC , AIDS , or death events occurred in thymopentin and two in placebo recipients ( p = 0.79 ) . The treatment groups did not differ significantly with respect to changes in CD4 counts or p24 antigen levels or with respect to clinical adverse experiences or laboratory abnormalities . Thus , AZT-experienced placebo-treated subjects had relatively high progression rates to AIDS or death and to ARC , AIDS , or death , and these rates were reduced by thymopentin treatment . In contrast , placebo-treated subjects with little prior AZT experience had low progression rates ; these were not significantly changed by thymopentin treatment . There was no increase in the incidence of adverse reactions with thymopentin ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2247
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82669",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Thymopentin"
],
"offsets": [
[
172,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82670",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
163
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82671",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
145,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82672",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Safety and efficacy of thymopentin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82673",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CD4 cell counts , serum p24 , serum immune complex dissociated ( ICD ) p24 ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
643,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82674",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety variables"
],
"offsets": [
[
724,
740
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82675",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"AIDS or death events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1023,
1043
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82676",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"AIDS-related complex ( ARC ) , AIDS , or death events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1215,
1268
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82677",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"AIDS or death events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1023,
1043
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82678",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"ARC , AIDS , or death events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1529,
1557
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82679",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CD4 counts or p24 antigen levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
1704,
1736
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82680",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"clinical adverse experiences"
],
"offsets": [
[
1756,
1784
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82681",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"laboratory abnormalities ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1788,
1814
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82682",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"AIDS or death and to ARC , AIDS , or death"
],
"offsets": [
[
1904,
1946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82683",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse reactions"
],
"offsets": [
[
2211,
2228
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82684",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"zidovudine ( AZT ) -treated asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm3"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82685",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) -infected"
],
"offsets": [
[
351,
397
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82686",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"352"
],
"offsets": [
[
449,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82687 | 7862876 | [
{
"id": "82688",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Neuroendocrine effects of sumatriptan . The neuroendocrine effects of the 5-HT receptor agonist , sumatriptan ( 6 mg subcutaneously ) , were studied in 11 healthy male subjects using a placebo-controlled , cross-over design . Compared to placebo , sumatriptan significantly lowered levels of plasma prolactin but increased those of plasma growth hormone . There was no effect on plasma cortisol concentrations . The neuroendocrine effects of sumatriptan differ from those of previously described 5-HT-receptor agonists , and may be a consequence of selective activation of 5-HT1D or 5-HT1B receptors . However , the present data can not exclude the possibility that the neuroendocrine changes reflect nonspecific stress responses or changes in pituitary blood flow ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
766
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82689",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sumatriptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82690",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sumatriptan ( 6 mg subcutaneously )"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82691",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
185,
203
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82692",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
185,
192
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82693",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sumatriptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82694",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sumatriptan"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82695",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Neuroendocrine effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
22
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82696",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma prolactin"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82697",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma growth hormone ."
],
"offsets": [
[
332,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82698",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma cortisol concentrations ."
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
411
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82699",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"11 healthy male subjects"
],
"offsets": [
[
152,
176
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82700 | 7865492 | [
{
"id": "82701",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori upon the duodenal ulcer recurrence -- a 24 month follow-up study . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of eradication of Helicobacter pylori ( H.pylori ) in the patients with duodenal ulcer ( Du ) upon the DU recurrence . METHODS This study was performed for 190 patients with DU . Four different methods-microscopy of Gram stained mucosal smear , specific culture , biopsy urease test , histology of H & E staining-were taken for identifying colonization of H. pylori before treatment , and for finding the eradication of H. pylori 4 weeks after completion of therapy in each treatment group ( cometidine , omeprazole , colloidal bismuth subcitrate ( CBS ) , CBS and metronidazole double therapy , CBS , metronidazole and amoxicillin triple therapy ) . To detect DU recurrence , the gastroscopy was performed at 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months after therapy . RESULTS The eradication rate of the cimetidine group the omeprazole group , and the CBS group were 0 % , 7.7 % , 0 % , respectively , and that of the double therapy group and the triple therapy group were 44.4 % and 89.3 % , respectively . Seventy three patients who were followed up for 2 years were categorized into two groups according to the eradication of H. pylori . The recurrence rate was 3.2 % both in 1 year and 2 years later in the former group-one consisting of 31 patients with H. pylori eradicated , while the recurrence rate was 57.1 % in 1 year and 78.6 % in 2 years later , in the latter group-the other of 42 patients with H. pylori not eradicated . CONCLUSION The eradication of H. pylori in patients with DU reduces the recurrence of DU ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1662
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82702",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"( cometidine , omeprazole , colloidal bismuth subcitrate ( CBS ) , CBS and metronidazole double therapy , CBS , metronidazole and amoxicillin triple therapy )"
],
"offsets": [
[
640,
798
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82703",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cimetidine"
],
"offsets": [
[
940,
950
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82704",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"omeprazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
655,
665
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82705",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"double therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
729,
743
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82706",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"duodenal ulcer recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82707",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"eradication"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82708",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"DU recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82709",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Gram stained mucosal smear"
],
"offsets": [
[
366,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82710",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
","
],
"offsets": [
[
393,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82711",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"specific culture"
],
"offsets": [
[
395,
411
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82712",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"biopsy urease test"
],
"offsets": [
[
414,
432
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82713",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"histology of H & E staining-were"
],
"offsets": [
[
435,
467
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82714",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"DU recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82715",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"gastroscopy"
],
"offsets": [
[
831,
842
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82716",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"eradication rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
916,
932
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82717",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"eradication of H. pylori"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82718",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1281,
1296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82719",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1281,
1296
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82720",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence of DU"
],
"offsets": [
[
1644,
1660
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82721",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"duodenal ulcer ( Du )"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82722",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"190"
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82723",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"DU"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82724",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy three"
],
"offsets": [
[
1144,
1157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82725",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"31"
],
"offsets": [
[
1378,
1380
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82726",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"42"
],
"offsets": [
[
1528,
1530
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82727",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"H. pylori"
],
"offsets": [
[
506,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82728",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"DU"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82729 | 7871820 | [
{
"id": "82730",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of omega 3 fatty acids and vitamin E supplements on lipid peroxidation measured by breath ethane and pentane output : a randomized controlled trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
156
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82731",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"omega 3 fatty acids and vitamin E supplements"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82732",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"breath ethane"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82733",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"pentane output"
],
"offsets": [
[
108,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82734",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lipid peroxidation"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82735 | 7873425 | [
{
"id": "82736",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized , prospective comparison of halothane , isoflurane , and enflurane on baroreflex control of heart rate in humans ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
125
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82737",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"halothane"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82738",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isoflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82739",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"enflurane"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82740",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"control of heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
92,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82741",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"baroreflex control of heart rate in humans"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
123
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82742 | 787788 | [
{
"id": "82743",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Vitamin C and acute illness in Navajo school children . To evaluate earlier observations , including our own , showing usefulness of vitamin C for managing the common cold , we performed a double-blind trial of vitamin C versus placebo in 868 children . There was no difference in number becoming ill ( 133 versus 129 ) , number of episodes ( 166 versus 159 ) or mean illness duration ( 5.5 versus 5.8 days ) between the groups . Children receiving vitamin C had fewer throat cultures yielding beta-hemolytic streptococcus ( six versus 13 , P less than 0.10 ) , but no difference in overall complicated illness rate ( 24 versus 25 ) . Plasma ascorbic acid levels were higher in the vitamin group 24 to 26 hours after supplementation ( 1.28 versus 1.04 mg per 100 ml , P less than 0.01 ) . Children with high plasma ascorbic acid concentrations had longer mean illness ( 6.8 versus 4.0 days , P less than 0.05 ) than those with low levels . Vitamin C does not seem to be an effective prophylactic or therapeutic agent for upper respiratory illness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1048
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82744",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82745",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82746",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82747",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82748",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82749",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number becoming ill"
],
"offsets": [
[
281,
300
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82750",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of episodes"
],
"offsets": [
[
322,
340
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82751",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean illness duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
384
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82752",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"throat cultures"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82753",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"beta-hemolytic streptococcus"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
522
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82754",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"overall complicated illness rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
583,
615
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82755",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Plasma ascorbic acid levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
635,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82756",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mean illness"
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82757",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Navajo school children ."
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
82758 | 7881024 | [
{
"id": "82759",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Gastric ulcer treatment with intravenous human epidermal growth factor : a double-blind controlled clinical study . We introduced a double-blind controlled clinical study to compare intravenous human epidermal growth factor ( hEGF ) to cetraxate hydrochloride ( CH ) , an antiulcer drug , for their healing effect on gastric ulcers . We also prospected an oral use of EGF on the basis of our experimental evidence . In the clinical trial , the rate of ulcer healing within 8 weeks was 77.9 % ( 67/86 ) in patients receiving 6 micrograms EGF intravenously twice a week , being significantly greater than 51.7 % ( 45/87 ) in those given CH . Taking together all aspects assessed including the healing rate , pain relief , blood examination and adverse reactions , we judged the hEGF to be a useful and safe anticuler drug . In rats , 50 micrograms/kg mouse EGF ( mEGF ) and 2 % hydroxypropyl cellulose ( HPC ) or 1.0 g/kg sucralfate given by gastric intubation significantly raised the residual mEGF levels in both gastric luminal content ( HPC : x 30 ; sucralfate : x 300 as high as those in EGF alone ) and tissue ( HPC : x 60 ; sucralfate : x 100 ) . In addition , the combined treatments significantly promoted healing of rat gastric ulcers whereas each agent alone had no significant effect as compared with control ( saline ) . This indicated the beneficial effect on ulcers of oral administration of EGF with agents allowing it to remain at high levels in the stomach , whereas most reports suggested less effect of oral EGF on healing of gastroduodenal ulcers . Subsequent to the clinical study , evaluation of oral use of EGF may be expected as the next step in the treatment of ulcers . The experimental evidence above would possibly be a guide for such trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
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]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "82760",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"human epidermal growth factor"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
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]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82761",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
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],
"offsets": [
[
182,
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]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82762",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cetraxate hydrochloride ( CH )"
],
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[
236,
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82763",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EGF"
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[
227,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82764",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EGF"
],
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[
227,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82765",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CH"
],
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[
262,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "82766",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hEGF"
],
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[
226,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82767",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"hydroxypropyl cellulose"
],
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876,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82768",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EGF"
],
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[
227,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82769",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"EGF"
],
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[
227,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82770",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gastric ulcers"
],
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[
317,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "82771",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"rate of ulcer healing"
],
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[
444,
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],
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},
{
"id": "82772",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healing rate"
],
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[
691,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "82773",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain relief"
],
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[
706,
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]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82774",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood examination"
],
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[
720,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "82775",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse reactions"
],
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[
742,
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]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82776",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"residual mEGF levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
984,
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]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82777",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healing of rat gastric ulcers"
],
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[
1213,
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},
{
"id": "82778",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Gastric ulcer"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82779",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"67/86"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
499
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "82780",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"gastric ulcers"
],
"offsets": [
[
317,
331
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
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