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69009 | 25471330 | [
{
"id": "69010",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Ranibizumab plus verteporfin photodynamic therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration : 12 months of retreatment and vision outcomes from a randomized study . PURPOSE To investigate the injection frequency and visual acuity ( VA ) outcomes with combination therapy ( ranibizumab plus verteporfin photodynamic therapy , PDT ) versus monotherapy ( ranibizumab ) . METHODS A total of 40 patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration were randomized 1:1 to ranibizumab 0.3 mg plus single standard verteporfin PDT or ranibizumab 0.3 mg plus sham PDT . Ranibizumab was administered 3 times monthly followed by 'as needed ' to month 12 based on predetermined vision/anatomical criteria . Retreatment rates , VA outcomes and safety were assessed . RESULTS During months 3-12 , combination therapy patients required fewer ranibizumab injections ( mean 1.3 ) compared with monotherapy patients ( 2.8 ) . Mean VA improved by 9.0 letters with combination therapy versus 7.5 letters in the monotherapy group at month 12 . Both treatment regimens were well tolerated . CONCLUSION The need for ranibizumab retreatment might be reduced by administering a single verteporfin PDT on the same day as the first ranibizumab injection , without compromising VA outcomes or safety ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1282
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69011",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
11
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69012",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verteporfin"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69013",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab plus verteporfin photodynamic therapy , PDT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
336
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69014",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69015",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69016",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"single standard verteporfin PDT"
],
"offsets": [
[
500,
531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69017",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69018",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sham PDT"
],
"offsets": [
[
559,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69019",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
11
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69020",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69021",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69022",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verteporfin PDT"
],
"offsets": [
[
516,
531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69023",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69024",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"40 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
393,
404
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69025",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"exudative age-related macular degeneration were randomized"
],
"offsets": [
[
410,
468
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69026 | 25474530 | [
{
"id": "69027",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Mediation analysis demonstrates that trans-eQTLs are often explained by cis-mediation : a genome-wide analysis among 1,800 South Asians . A large fraction of human genes are regulated by genetic variation near the transcribed sequence ( cis-eQTL , expression quantitative trait locus ) , and many cis-eQTLs have implications for human disease . Less is known regarding the effects of genetic variation on expression of distant genes ( trans-eQTLs ) and their biological mechanisms . In this work , we use genome-wide data on SNPs and array-based expression measures from mononuclear cells obtained from a population-based cohort of 1,799 Bangladeshi individuals to characterize cis- and trans-eQTLs and determine if observed trans-eQTL associations are mediated by expression of transcripts in cis with the SNPs showing trans-association , using Sobel tests of mediation . We observed 434 independent trans-eQTL associations at a false-discovery rate of 0.05 , and 189 of these trans-eQTLs were also cis-eQTLs ( enrichment P < 0.0001 ) . Among these 189 trans-eQTL associations , 39 were significantly attenuated after adjusting for a cis-mediator based on Sobel P < 10-5 . We attempted to replicate 21 of these mediation signals in two European cohorts , and while only 7 trans-eQTL associations were present in one or both cohorts , 6 showed evidence of cis-mediation . Analyses of simulated data show that complete mediation will be observed as partial mediation in the presence of mediator measurement error or imperfect LD between measured and causal variants . Our data demonstrates that trans-associations can become significantly stronger or switch directions after adjusting for a potential mediator . Using simulated data , we demonstrate that this phenomenon is expected in the presence of strong cis-trans confounding and when the measured cis-transcript is correlated with the true ( unmeasured ) mediator . In conclusion , by applying mediation analysis to eQTL data , we show that a substantial fraction of observed trans-eQTL associations can be explained by cis-mediation . Future studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms underlying widespread cis-mediation and their relevance to disease biology , as well as using mediation analysis to improve eQTL discovery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2291
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69028",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"genome-wide data on SNPs"
],
"offsets": [
[
505,
529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69029",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"array-based expression measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
534,
565
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69030",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTLs"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69031",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"expression of distant genes ( trans-eQTLs )"
],
"offsets": [
[
405,
448
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69032",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cis- and trans-eQTLs"
],
"offsets": [
[
678,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69033",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTL associations"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69034",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Sobel tests of mediation"
],
"offsets": [
[
846,
870
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69035",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTL associations"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69036",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTLs"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69037",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTL associations"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69038",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTL associations"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69039",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"trans-eQTL associations"
],
"offsets": [
[
725,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69040",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1,800 South Asians"
],
"offsets": [
[
117,
135
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69041",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1,799 Bangladeshi individuals"
],
"offsets": [
[
632,
661
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69042",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"39"
],
"offsets": [
[
1080,
1082
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69043 | 25475363 | [
{
"id": "69044",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Parents ' Adoption of Social Communication Intervention Strategies : Families Including Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Who are Minimally Verbal . Notably absent from the intervention literature are parent training programs targeting school-aged children with autism who have limited communication skills ( Tager-Flusberg and Kasari in Autism Res 6:468-478 , 2013 ) . Sixty-one children with autism age 5-8 with minimal spontaneous communication received a 6-month social communication intervention including parent training . Parent-child play interactions were coded for parents ' strategy implementation and children 's time jointly engaged ( Adamson et al . in J Autism Dev Disord 39:84-96 , 2009 ) . Parents mastered an average of 70 % of the strategies . Further analyses indicated some gains in implementation occurred from mere observation of sessions , while the greatest gains occurred in the first month of active coaching and workshops . Children 's joint engagement was associated with parents ' implementation success across time demonstrating parents ' implementation was relevant to children 's social engagement ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1137
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69045",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Social Communication Intervention Strategies :"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69046",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"6-month social communication intervention including parent training ."
],
"offsets": [
[
464,
533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69047",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"strategy implementation"
],
"offsets": [
[
590,
613
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69048",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"jointly engaged"
],
"offsets": [
[
635,
650
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69049",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mastered"
],
"offsets": [
[
720,
728
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69050",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"gains in implementation"
],
"offsets": [
[
800,
823
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69051",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"gains"
],
"offsets": [
[
800,
805
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69052",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"joint engagement"
],
"offsets": [
[
969,
985
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69053",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"implementation success"
],
"offsets": [
[
1016,
1038
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69054",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"social engagement ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1118,
1137
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69055",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Children"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69056",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Autism Spectrum Disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69057",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
253,
261
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69058",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69059",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Sixty-one"
],
"offsets": [
[
375,
384
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69060",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69061",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"age 5-8"
],
"offsets": [
[
406,
413
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69062",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Children 's"
],
"offsets": [
[
957,
968
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69063",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children 's"
],
"offsets": [
[
618,
629
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69064 | 25481453 | [
{
"id": "69065",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lifetime history of heroin use is associated with greater drug severity among prescription opioid abusers . BACKGROUND While research suggests primary prescription opioid ( PO ) abusers may exhibit less severe demographic and drug use characteristics than primary heroin abusers , less is known about whether a lifetime history of heroin use confers greater severity among PO abusers . OBJECTIVE In this secondary analysis , we examined demographic and drug use characteristics as a function of lifetime heroin use among 89 PO-dependent adults screened for a trial evaluating the relative efficacy of buprenorphine taper durations . Exploratory analyses also examined contribution of lifetime heroin use to treatment response among a subset of participants who received a uniform set of study procedures . METHODS Baseline characteristics were compared between participants reporting lifetime heroin use ≥5 ( H ( + ) ; n=41 ) vs. < 5 ( H ( - ) ; n=48 ) times . Treatment response ( i.e. , illicit opioid abstinence and treatment retention at end of study ) was examined in the subset of H ( + ) and H ( - ) participants randomized to receive the 4-week taper condition ( N=22 ) . RESULTS H ( + ) participants were significantly older and more likely to be male . They reported longer durations of illicit opioid use , greater alcohol-related problems , more past-month cocaine use , greater lifetime IV drug use , and greater lifetime use of cigarettes , amphetamines and hallucinogens . H ( + ) participants also had lower scores on the Positive Symptom Distress and Depression subscales of the Brief Symptom Inventory . Finally , there was a trend toward poorer treatment outcomes among H ( + ) participants . CONCLUSION A lifetime history of heroin use may be associated with elevated drug severity and unique treatment needs among treatment-seeking PO abusers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1865
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69066",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"longer durations of illicit opioid use , greater alcohol-related problems , more past-month cocaine use , greater lifetime IV drug use , and greater lifetime use of cigarettes , amphetamines and hallucinogens"
],
"offsets": [
[
1277,
1485
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69067",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"the Positive Symptom Distress and Depression subscales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1534,
1588
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69068",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"prescription opioid abusers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69069",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"89"
],
"offsets": [
[
521,
523
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69070",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
537,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69071",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=41"
],
"offsets": [
[
919,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69072",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"treatment-seeking PO abusers"
],
"offsets": [
[
1835,
1863
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69073 | 25488965 | [
{
"id": "69074",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Institutional clinical trial accrual volume and survival of patients with head and neck cancer . PURPOSE National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines recommend patients with head and neck cancer ( HNC ) receive treatment at centers with expertise , but whether provider experience affects survival is unknown . PATIENTS AND METHODS The effect of institutional experience on overall survival ( OS ) in patients with stage III or IV HNC was investigated within a randomized trial of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group ( RTOG 0129 ) , which compared cisplatin concurrent with standard versus accelerated fractionation radiotherapy . As a surrogate for experience , institutions were classified as historically low- ( HLACs ) or high-accruing centers ( HHACs ) based on accrual to 21 RTOG HNC trials ( 1997 to 2002 ) . The effect of accrual volume on OS was estimated by Cox proportional hazards models . RESULTS Median RTOG accrual ( 1997 to 2002 ) at HLACs was four versus 65 patients at HHACs . Analysis included 471 patients in RTOG 0129 ( 2002 to 2005 ) with known human papillomavirus and smoking status . Patients at HLACs versus HHACs had better performance status ( 0 : 62 % v 52 % ; P = .04 ) and lower T stage ( T4 : 26.5 % v 35.3 % ; P = .002 ) but were otherwise similar . Radiotherapy protocol deviations were higher at HLACs versus HHACs ( 18 % v 6 % ; P < .001 ) . When compared with HHACs , patients at HLACs had worse OS ( 5 years : 51.0 % v 69.1 % ; P = .002 ) . Treatment at HLACs was associated with increased death risk of 91 % ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 1.91 ; 95 % CI , 1.37 to 2.65 ) after adjustment for prognostic factors and 72 % ( HR , 1.72 ; 95 % CI , 1.23 to 2.40 ) after radiotherapy compliance adjustment . CONCLUSION OS is worse for patients with HNC treated at HLACs versus HHACs to cooperative group trials after accounting for radiotherapy protocol deviations . Institutional experience substantially influences survival in locally advanced HNC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1982
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69075",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"cisplatin concurrent with standard versus accelerated fractionation radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
553,
633
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69076",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"."
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69077",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Median RTOG accrual"
],
"offsets": [
[
915,
934
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69078",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Radiotherapy protocol deviations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1288,
1320
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69079",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"OS"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69080",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"death risk"
],
"offsets": [
[
1533,
1543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69081",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"head and neck cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69082",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"head and neck cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69083",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"HNC"
],
"offsets": [
[
201,
204
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69084",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stage III or IV HNC"
],
"offsets": [
[
419,
438
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69085",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"HNC"
],
"offsets": [
[
201,
204
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69086",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"471"
],
"offsets": [
[
1018,
1021
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69087",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"known human papillomavirus and smoking status"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1111
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69088 | 25492271 | [
{
"id": "69089",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of L-type calcium channel blocker ( amlodipine ) on myocardial iron deposition in patients with thalassaemia with moderate-to-severe myocardial iron deposition : protocol for a randomised , controlled trial . INTRODUCTION Sideroblastic cardiomyopathy secondary to repeated blood transfusions is a feared complication in thalassaemia . Control of myocardial iron is thus becoming the cornerstone of thalassaemia management . Recent evidence suggests a role for L-type Ca ( 2+ ) channels in mediating iron uptake by the heart . Blocking the cellular iron uptake through these channels may add to the benefit of therapy to standard chelation in reducing myocardial iron . We aim to determine the efficacy of amlodipine ( a calcium channel blocker ) as an adjunct to standard aggressive chelation in retarding myocardial iron deposition in thalassaemics with or without cardiomyopathy . OUTCOMES The primary outcome is to compare the efficacy of amlodipine+chelation ( intervention ) versus standard chelation ( control ) in retarding myocardial iron deposition . Secondary outcomes include the effect of amlodipine therapy on systolic and diastolic function , strain and strain rate and liver iron content . METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a single-centre , parallel-group , prospective randomised control trial . Twenty patients will be randomised in a 1:1 allocation ratio into the intervention and control arms . In addition to conventional echocardiography , MRI T2* values for assessment of cardiac and liver iron load will be obtained at baseline and at 6 and 12 months . Cardiac T2* will be reported as the geometric mean and per cent coefficient of variation , and an increase in cardiac T2* values from baseline will be used as an end point to compare the efficacy of therapy . A p Value of < 0.05 will be considered significant . STUDY SETTING Department of Pediatric and Child Health , Aga Khan University Hospital , Karachi , Pakistan . ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Ethics Review Committee and Clinical Trials Unit at The Aga Khan University with respect to scientific content and compliance with applicable research and human subjects regulations . Findings will be reported through scientific publications and research conferences and project summary papers for participants . TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ClinicalTrials.Gov . Registration no : NCT02065492 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2402
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69090",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amlodipine"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69091",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amlodipine"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69092",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amlodipine+chelation"
],
"offsets": [
[
949,
969
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69093",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard chelation"
],
"offsets": [
[
627,
645
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69094",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"amlodipine"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69095",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial iron deposition"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69096",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial iron deposition :"
],
"offsets": [
[
140,
168
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69097",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"repeated blood transfusions"
],
"offsets": [
[
271,
298
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69098",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial iron"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69099",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial iron ."
],
"offsets": [
[
658,
675
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69100",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myocardial iron deposition"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69101",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"compare the efficacy of amlodipine+chelation ( intervention ) versus standard chelation ( control ) in retarding myocardial iron deposition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
925,
1066
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69102",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"effect of amlodipine therapy on systolic and diastolic function , strain and strain rate and liver iron content ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1098,
1211
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69103",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cardiac and liver iron load"
],
"offsets": [
[
1497,
1524
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69104",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with thalassaemia with moderate-to-severe myocardial iron deposition"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
166
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69105",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1315,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69106",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Department of Pediatric and Child Health"
],
"offsets": [
[
1855,
1895
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69107 | 25496415 | [
{
"id": "69108",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Increased dietary α-linolenic acid has sex-specific effects upon eicosapentaenoic acid status in humans : re-examination of data from a randomised , placebo-controlled , parallel study . BACKGROUND There is a metabolic pathway by which mammals can convert the omega-3 ( n-3 ) essential fatty acid α-linolenic acid ( ALA ) into longer-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( LC n-3 PUFA ) including eicosapentaenoic acid ( EPA ) and docosahexaenoic acid ( DHA ) . As far as we know there are currently no studies that have specifically examined sex differences in the LC n-3 PUFA response to increased dietary ALA intake in humans , although acute studies with isotope-labelled ALA identified that women have a significantly greater capacity to synthesise EPA and DHA from ALA compared to men . FINDINGS Available data from a placebo-controlled , randomised study were re-examined to identify whether there are sex differences in the LC n-3 PUFA response to increased dietary ALA intake in humans . There was a significant difference between sexes in the response to increased dietary ALA , with women having a significantly greater increase in the EPA content of plasma phospholipids ( mean +2.0 % of total fatty acids ) after six months of an ALA-rich diet compared to men ( mean +0.7 % , P = 0.039 ) . Age and BMI were identified as predictors of response to dietary ALA among women . CONCLUSIONS Women show a greater increase in circulating EPA than men during increased dietary ALA consumption . Further understanding of individual variation in the response to dietary ALA could inform nutrition advice , with recommendations being specifically tailored according to habitual diet , sex , age and BMI ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1706
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69109",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dietary α-linolenic acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
34
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69110",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
697,
702
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69111",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
699,
702
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69112 | 25497243 | [
{
"id": "69113",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Rationale and design of the Clinical Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Coronary heart disease 2 trial ( CE-MARC 2 ) : a prospective , multicenter , randomized trial of diagnostic strategies in suspected coronary heart disease . BACKGROUND A number of investigative strategies exist for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease ( CHD ) . Despite the widespread availability of noninvasive imaging , invasive angiography is commonly used early in the diagnostic pathway . Consequently , approximately 60 % of angiograms reveal no evidence of obstructive coronary disease . Reducing unnecessary angiography has potential financial savings and avoids exposing the patient to unnecessary risk . There are no large-scale comparative effectiveness trials of the different diagnostic strategies recommended in international guidelines and none that have evaluated the safety and efficacy of cardiovascular magnetic resonance . TRIAL DESIGN CE-MARC 2 is a prospective , multicenter , 3-arm parallel group , randomized controlled trial of patients with suspected CHD ( pretest likelihood 10 % -90 % ) requiring further investigation . A total of 1,200 patients will be randomized on a 2:2:1 basis to receive 3.0-T cardiovascular magnetic resonance-guided care , single-photon emission computed tomography-guided care ( according to American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association appropriate-use criteria ) , or National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines-based management . The primary ( efficacy ) end point is the occurrence of unnecessary angiography as defined by a normal ( > 0.8 ) invasive fractional flow reserve . Safety of each strategy will be assessed by 3-year major adverse cardiovascular event rates . Cost-effectiveness and health-related quality-of-life measures will be performed . CONCLUSIONS The CE-MARC 2 trial will provide comparative efficacy and safety evidence for 3 different strategies of investigating patients with suspected CHD , with the intension of reducing unnecessary invasive angiography rates . Evaluation of these management strategies has the potential to improve patient care , health-related quality of life , and the cost-effectiveness of CHD investigation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2226
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69114",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69115",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"invasive angiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
407,
427
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69116",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"3.0-T cardiovascular magnetic resonance-guided care , single-photon emission computed tomography-guided care"
],
"offsets": [
[
1207,
1315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69117",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"or National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines-based management ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1418,
1500
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69118",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"suspected coronary heart disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69119",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"suspected CHD ( pretest likelihood 10 % -90 % ) requiring further investigation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1052,
1131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69120",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1,200"
],
"offsets": [
[
1145,
1150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69121",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"suspected CHD"
],
"offsets": [
[
1052,
1065
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69122 | 25502833 | [
{
"id": "69123",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Intravitreal ranibizumab versus isovolemic hemodilution in the treatment of macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion : twelve-month results of a prospective , randomized , multicenter trial . PURPOSE This is a prospective , randomized , multicenter , investigator-initiated trial to evaluate the 12-month effectiveness of isovolemic hemodilution ( IH ) with prompt versus deferred intravitreal injections ( IVI ) of ranibizumab 0.5 mg for the treatment of macular edema secondary to early central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO ) . METHODS Eyes with macular edema due to CRVO having occurred not more than 8 weeks previously received either monthly ranibizumab IVI in combination with IH ( group I , n = 28 ) or IH alone ( group II , n = 30 ) . From month 2 to 12 , the patients in both groups could be treated with monthly intravitreal ranibizumab . The main outcome variables were gain of visual acuity and the course of central retinal thickness as measured with optical coherence tomography . RESULTS At 12 months , eyes in group I on average gained +28.1 ( ±19.3 ) letters compared to +25.2 ( ±20.9 ) letters in group II ( p = 0.326 ) . This result was achieved with significantly fewer injections in group II . Additionally , 30 % of the eyes in group II did not need ranibizumab IVI during the 12 months of the trial . CONCLUSION Ranibizumab IVI in addition to IH proved to be highly effective in increasing visual acuity and reducing macular edema secondary to CRVO . Initial IH in early CRVO may be a first treatment option in patients anxious about IVI ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1580
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69124",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69125",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isovolemic hemodilution"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69126",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"isovolemic hemodilution ( IH )"
],
"offsets": [
[
339,
369
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69127",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab 0.5 mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
433,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69128",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab IVI"
],
"offsets": [
[
665,
680
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69129",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IH"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
367
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69130",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IH"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
367
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69131",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ranibizumab ."
],
"offsets": [
[
853,
866
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69132",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gain of visual acuity and the course of central retinal thickness"
],
"offsets": [
[
899,
964
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69133",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"( ±19.3 ) letters"
],
"offsets": [
[
1076,
1093
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69134",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"be highly effective in increasing visual acuity and reducing macular edema secondary to CRVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
1397,
1489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69135",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Eyes with macular edema due to CRVO having occurred not more than 8 weeks previously"
],
"offsets": [
[
556,
640
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69136",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"reducing macular edema secondary to CRVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
1449,
1489
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69137 | 25515056 | [
{
"id": "69138",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Comparison on therapeutic effect of plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillian-Barre syndrome . OBJECTIVES To observe and compare the clinical curative effect of the plasma exchange ( PE ) and intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg ) for Guillian-Barre Syndrome ( GBS ) . METHODS Overall , 64 adult patients with GBS for PE and IVIg treatment , respectively , and nerve function were observed pre-treatment and at 1 week/2 weeks after completion of treatment ; the blood immunoglobulin , complement , fibrinogen ( Fib ) and monocyte percentage ( MON % ) were detected simultaneously . RESULTS After PE treatment , nerve function defect appeared to improve better than the IVIg group and clinical effect was better than the IVIg group . Treatment effective rates of the two groups after 2 weeks , respectively , are 96 and 79 % . PE and IVIg can significantly reduce the GBS patients ' blood immunoglobulin IgG , IgA , IgM , C3 and C4 , but these were significantly lower in the PE group than in the IVIg group . Fib and MON % were significantly lower in the PE group than in the IVIg group . CONCLUSION Both PE and IVIg have a high response as therapy and are reasonable therapeutic options for GBS . However , PE treatment has a more significantly curative effect , as it can effectively improve symptoms and be helpful in the early rehabilitation of patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1374
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69139",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69140",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma exchange ( PE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69141",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg )"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69142",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"PE"
],
"offsets": [
[
201,
203
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69143",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"IVIg"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69144",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Guillian-Barre syndrome ."
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69145",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"plasma exchange ( PE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69146",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"intravenous immunoglobulin ( IVIg )"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69147",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Guillian-Barre Syndrome ( GBS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
250,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69148",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"64"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69149",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adult patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
305,
319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69150",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"GBS for PE"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
335
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69151",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"IVIg treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
340,
354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69152",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"nerve function"
],
"offsets": [
[
376,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69153",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"reduce the GBS patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
871,
894
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69154",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"rehabilitation of patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1346,
1372
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69155 | 25516338 | [
{
"id": "69156",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Exploratory Subset Analysis of African Americans From the PointBreak Study : Pemetrexed-Carboplatin-Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Pemetrexed-Bevacizumab Versus Paclitaxel-Carboplatin-Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Bevacizumab in Patients With Stage IIIB/IV Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer . INTRODUCTION African Americans have a greater incidence of lung cancer than whites and have been underrepresented in clinical trials . In the PointBreak trial ( pemetrexed-carboplatin-bevacizumab and maintenance pemetrexed-bevacizumab [ PemCBev ] vs. paclitaxel-carboplatin-bevacizumab and maintenance bevacizumab [ PacCBev ] ) , 10 % of the patients were African American . PointBreak had negative findings ; PemCBev did not demonstrate superior overall survival ( OS ) . MATERIALS AND METHODS PointBreak subgroup efficacy and safety data were retrospectively analyzed : African Americans versus whites for PemCBev ; PemCBev versus PacCBev in African Americans ; and academic versus community settings for African Americans . Hazard ratios ( HRs ) and P values were derived from a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model after adjusting for covariates . RESULTS Of 939 intent-to-treat ( ITT ) patients , 94 were African American and 805 were white . African-American enrollment was uniform across the study sites ( median , 1 African American per site ) . In the PemCBev arm , OS ( HR , 1.125 ; P = .525 ) , progression-free survival ( PFS ) ( HR , 1.229 ; P = .251 ) , response ( P = .607 ) , and toxicity profiles were similar in African Americans versus whites . For African Americans , OS ( HR , 1.375 ; P = .209 ) , PFS ( HR , 0.902 ; P = .670 ) , response ( P = 1.000 ) , and toxicity profiles were similar in the PemCBev versus PacCBev arm . For African Americans , no significant differences were seen in OS ( HR , 0.661 ; P = .191 ) or PFS ( HR , 0.969 ; P = .915 ) in academic versus community practice settings . CONCLUSION In the PemCBev arm , this exploratory analysis showed no significant differences between African Americans and whites for the efficacy outcomes or toxicity profiles . Consistent with the ITT population negative trial result , for African Americans , the median OS was not superior for either arm . For African Americans , PFS and OS were similar in the academic and community settings . Additional outcomes data for African Americans should be collected in lung cancer studies ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2427
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69157",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Pemetrexed-Carboplatin-Bevacizumab Followed by Maintenance Pemetrexed-Bevacizumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69158",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"demonstrate superior overall survival ( OS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
735,
779
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69159",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69160",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
837,
843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69161",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Hazard ratios ( HRs ) and P values"
],
"offsets": [
[
1036,
1070
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69162",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"a multivariate Cox"
],
"offsets": [
[
1089,
1107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69163",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"progression-free survival ( PFS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1422,
1455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69164",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1484,
1492
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69165",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"toxicity profiles"
],
"offsets": [
[
1512,
1529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69166",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"toxicity profiles"
],
"offsets": [
[
1512,
1529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69167",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69168",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1512,
1520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69169",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Stage IIIB/IV Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
254,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69170",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lung cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
368,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69171",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PemCBev"
],
"offsets": [
[
546,
553
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69172",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PemCBev"
],
"offsets": [
[
546,
553
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69173",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PacCBev"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
632
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69174 | 25519880 | [
{
"id": "69175",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Sustaining control of schistosomiasis mansoni in moderate endemicity areas in western Côte d'Ivoire : a SCORE study protocol . BACKGROUND Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that occurs in the tropics and subtropics . The mainstay of control is preventive chemotherapy with praziquantel . In Africa , an estimated 230 million people require preventive chemotherapy . In western Côte d'Ivoire , infections with Schistosoma mansoni are widespread . To provide an evidence-base for programme decisions about preventive chemotherapy to sustain control of schistosomiasis , a 5-year multi-country study with different treatment arms has been designed by the Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation ( SCORE ) and is currently being implemented in various African settings , including Côte d'Ivoire . METHODS/DESIGN We report the study protocol , including ethics statement and insight from a large-scale eligibility survey carried out in four provinces in western Côte d'Ivoire . The study protocol has been approved by the ethics committees of Basel and Côte d'Ivoire . A total of 12,110 children , aged 13-14 years , from 264 villages were screened for S. mansoni using duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears from single stool samples . Among the schools with a S. mansoni prevalence of 10-24 % , 75 schools were selected and randomly assigned to one of three treatment arms . In each school , three stool samples are being collected from 100 children aged 9-12 years annually and one stool sample from 100 first-year students at baseline and in the final year and subjected to duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears . Cost and coverage data for the different intervention arms , along with environmental , political and other characteristics that might impact on the infection prevalence and intensity will be recorded in each study year , using a pretested village inventory form . DISCUSSION The study will document changes in S. mansoni infection prevalence and intensity according to different treatment schemes . Moreover , factors that determine the effectiveness of preventive chemotherapy will be identified . These factors will help to develop reasonable measures of force of transmission that can be used to make decisions about the most cost-effective means of lowering prevalence , intensity and transmission in a given setting . The gathered information and results will inform how to effectively sustain control of schistosomiasis at a low level in different social-ecological contexts . TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN99401114 ( date assigned : 12 November 2014 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2589
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69176",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"control of schistosomiasis mansoni"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69177",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sustain control of schistosomiasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
535,
569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69178",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"changes in S."
],
"offsets": [
[
1933,
1946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69179",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mansoni infection prevalence and intensity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1947,
1989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69180",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Moreover , factors that determine the effectiveness of preventive chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
2033,
2111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69181",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lowering prevalence , intensity and transmission"
],
"offsets": [
[
2287,
2335
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69182",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"sustain control of schistosomiasis"
],
"offsets": [
[
535,
569
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69183",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"total of 12,110 children"
],
"offsets": [
[
1097,
1121
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69184",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged 13-14 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1124,
1140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69185",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Kato-Katz thick smears from single stool samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
1206,
1254
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69186",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"100 children"
],
"offsets": [
[
1459,
1471
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69187",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged 9-12 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1472,
1487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69188",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"100 first-year students"
],
"offsets": [
[
1523,
1546
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69189 | 25524655 | [
{
"id": "69190",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Most functional outcomes are similar for men and women after hip fracture : a secondary analysis of the enhancing mobility after hip fracture trial . BACKGROUND The impact of gender on functional outcomes after hip fracture is not known . We aimed to determine the extent to which gender influenced functional outcome and response to exercise in older people after hip fracture , and to determine if any differences persisted after adjusting for cognition , weight and age . METHOD Secondary analysis of data from the Enhancing Mobility After Hip Fracture trial in which older people after hip fracture received either a lower or higher intensity exercise program . Functional outcomes included physical performance and self-reported measures . Regression models were used to compare genders at baseline , week 4 and week 16 , with adjustment for baseline values , cognition , weight and age . Interaction terms were used to assess a differential impact of the intervention by gender . RESULTS Outcome data were available for 160 participants , 30 men ( 19 % ) and 130 women ( 81 % ) at baseline , with the withdrawal of 4 men ( 13 % ) and 6 women ( 5 % ) at week 16 . There were no gender differences for any baseline measures or for most of the 19 functional outcome measures at weeks 4 and 16 . At week 4 men performed better in knee extensor strength ( 2.1 kg , 95 % CI 0.6 to 3.7 , p < 0.01 ) . This difference did not persist after adjustment for body weight , however persisted after adjusting for baseline , cognition , and age ( p = 0.038 ) . At week 4 , men performed better in coordinated stability ( -10.0 error score , 95 % CI -17.6 to -2.4 , p=0.010 ) and this persisted after adjusting for baseline values only but not for cognition and age ( p = 0.073 ) . At week 16 , men performed better in coordinated stability ( -10.2 error score , 95 % CI -18.4 to -1.9 , p=0.016 ) and this persisted after adjusting only for cognitive impairment ( p = 0.029 ) but not for age and baseline ( p = 0.135 ) . There was no indication of a differential impact of intervention type on the basis of gender . CONCLUSIONS A few between gender differences were observed in strength and balance , however these appeared to be confounded by body weight , age and/or cognition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2270
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69191",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
334,
342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69192",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"analysis of data from the Enhancing Mobility After Hip Fracture trial"
],
"offsets": [
[
492,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69193",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lower or higher intensity exercise program"
],
"offsets": [
[
621,
663
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69194",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"functional outcome and response to exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
299,
342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69195",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Functional outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
666,
685
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69196",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"physical performance and self-reported measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
695,
742
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69197",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"no gender differences"
],
"offsets": [
[
1180,
1201
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69198",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"baseline measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1210,
1227
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69199",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"functional outcome measures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1250,
1277
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69200",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"knee extensor strength"
],
"offsets": [
[
1332,
1354
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69201",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"difference did not persist"
],
"offsets": [
[
1405,
1431
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69202",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"body weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1464
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69203",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"baseline"
],
"offsets": [
[
795,
803
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69204",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cognition"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69205",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"age"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69206",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"coordinated stability"
],
"offsets": [
[
1588,
1609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69207",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"persisted"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69208",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"baseline values"
],
"offsets": [
[
847,
862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69209",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cognition"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69210",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"age"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69211",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"coordinated stability"
],
"offsets": [
[
1588,
1609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69212",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"persisted"
],
"offsets": [
[
416,
425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69213",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cognitive impairment"
],
"offsets": [
[
1931,
1951
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69214",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"age"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69215",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"baseline"
],
"offsets": [
[
795,
803
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69216",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"differential impact of intervention type"
],
"offsets": [
[
2040,
2080
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69217",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"strength and balance"
],
"offsets": [
[
2168,
2188
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69218",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"body weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1464
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69219",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"age"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69220",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cognition"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
455
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69221",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69222",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69223",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"older"
],
"offsets": [
[
346,
351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69224",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hip fracture"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
73
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69225",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Hip Fracture"
],
"offsets": [
[
543,
555
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69226",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"160"
],
"offsets": [
[
1026,
1029
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69227",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"30"
],
"offsets": [
[
1045,
1047
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69228",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69229",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"130"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1068
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69230",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69231 | 25526101 | [
{
"id": "69232",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL NONVITRECTOMIZING VITREOUS SURGERY VERSUS 25-GAUGE VITRECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE : A Prospective Randomized Study . PURPOSE To compare the clinical outcomes and the rate of complications of 27-gauge transconjunctival nonvitrectomizing vitreous surgery ( NVS ) and of 25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane removal . METHODS In this prospective randomized study , 83 phakic eyes of 83 consecutive patients with an idiopathic epiretinal membrane were randomized to receive 27-gauge NVS ( NVS-group ) or 25-gauge vitrectomy ( Standard-group ) . Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity , central retinal thickness , nuclear density units ' changes , and rate of complications . RESULTS Thirty-nine eyes of the Standard-group and 40 of the NVS-group were considered in final analysis . Mean best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly in both groups , with a significant better result at 12 months in NVS-group ( P = 0.039 ; t-test ) . Central retinal thickness decreased significantly in both groups ( P < 0.001 , Tukey test ) , without significant difference between the two groups at any time point . At 12 months , nuclear density increased significantly in the Standard-group ( analysis of variance , P < 0.001 ) , and it did not change in the NVS-group ( analysis of variance , P = 0.537 ) . Epiretinal membrane recurred in 5.1 % of eyes in the Standard-group and in 7.5 % of eyes in the NVS-group ( Fisher 's exact test , P = 1.000 ) . CONCLUSION The 27-gauge NVS is an effective surgical procedure in eyes with epiretinal membrane and it induces less progression of nuclear sclerosis than 25-gauge vitrectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1726
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69233",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL NONVITRECTOMIZING VITREOUS SURGERY VERSUS 25-GAUGE VITRECTOMY"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69234",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"27-gauge transconjunctival nonvitrectomizing vitreous surgery ( NVS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69235",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"25-gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
303,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69236",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"27-gauge NVS ( NVS-group )"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
586
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69237",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"25-gauge vitrectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
590,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69238",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"NVS-group"
],
"offsets": [
[
575,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69239",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"27-gauge NVS"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
572
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69240",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"25-gauge vitrectomy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1705,
1726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69241",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mean best-corrected visual acuity"
],
"offsets": [
[
886,
919
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69242",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Central retinal thickness"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1069
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69243",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nuclear density"
],
"offsets": [
[
717,
732
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69244",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Epiretinal membrane"
],
"offsets": [
[
1406,
1425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69245",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE"
],
"offsets": [
[
97,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69246",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"surgery for idiopathic epiretinal membrane removal"
],
"offsets": [
[
352,
402
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69247",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"83"
],
"offsets": [
[
452,
454
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69248",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"idiopathic epiretinal membrane"
],
"offsets": [
[
364,
394
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69249",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"vitrectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
341,
351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69250",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
787,
798
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69251",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"40"
],
"offsets": [
[
830,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69252 | 25526831 | [
{
"id": "69253",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cognitive behavioral therapy for early adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and clinical anxiety : a randomized , controlled trial . Clinically elevated anxiety is a common , impairing feature of autism spectrum disorders ( ASD ) . A modular CBT program designed for preteens with ASD , Behavioral Interventions for Anxiety in Children with Autism ( BIACA ; Wood et al. , 2009 ) was enhanced and modified to address the developmental needs of early adolescents with ASD and clinical anxiety . Thirty-three adolescents ( 11-15 years old ) were randomly assigned to 16 sessions of CBT or an equivalent waitlist period . The CBT model emphasized exposure , challenging irrational beliefs , and behavioral supports provided by caregivers , as well as numerous ASD-specific treatment elements . Independent evaluators , parents , and adolescents rated symptom severity at baseline and posttreatment/postwaitlist . In intent-to-treat analyses , the CBT group outperformed the waitlist group on independent evaluators ' ratings of anxiety severity on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale ( PARS ) and 79 % of the CBT group met Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale criteria for positive treatment response at posttreatment , as compared to only 28.6 % of the waitlist group . Group differences were not found for diagnostic remission or questionnaire measures of anxiety . However , parent-report data indicated that there was a positive treatment effect of CBT on autism symptom severity . The CBT manual under investigation , enhanced for early adolescents with ASD , yielded meaningful treatment effects on the primary outcome measure ( PARS ) , although additional developmental modifications to the manual are likely warranted . Future studies examining this protocol relative to an active control are needed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1820
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69254",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Cognitive behavioral therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
28
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69255",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69256",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Behavioral Interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
293,
317
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69257",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69258",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"equivalent waitlist period"
],
"offsets": [
[
595,
621
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69259",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69260",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"exposure , challenging irrational beliefs"
],
"offsets": [
[
649,
690
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69261",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"behavioral supports"
],
"offsets": [
[
697,
716
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69262",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69263",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
251
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69264",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CBT"
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[
248,
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69265",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"symptom severity"
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[
853,
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],
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},
{
"id": "69266",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"ratings of anxiety severity on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale ( PARS )"
],
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[
1019,
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},
{
"id": "69267",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale"
],
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[
1124,
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},
{
"id": "69268",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"diagnostic remission or questionnaire measures of anxiety ."
],
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[
1318,
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],
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},
{
"id": "69269",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"parent-report data"
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[
1388,
1406
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},
{
"id": "69270",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"positive treatment effect of CBT on autism symptom severity ."
],
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[
1434,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "69271",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"early adolescents"
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[
33,
50
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{
"id": "69272",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism spectrum disorders and clinical anxiety"
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"offsets": [
[
56,
102
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69273",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"preteens"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
281
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69274",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
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"offsets": [
[
230,
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69275",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"early adolescents"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69276",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD and clinical anxiety"
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"offsets": [
[
472,
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69277",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty-three"
],
"offsets": [
[
499,
511
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69278",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adolescents ( 11-15 years old )"
],
"offsets": [
[
512,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69279 | 25526832 | [
{
"id": "69280",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Improving peer engagement of children with autism on the school playground : a randomized controlled trial . This study aimed to test the effects of a psychosocial intervention , Remaking Recess , on peer engagement for children with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) . Using a randomized , wait-list-controlled design , the intervention was implemented during recess at four elementary schools . The immediate treatment ( IT ) group consisted of 13 ( 2 female ) elementary school students with ASD and the wait-list ( WL ) group contained 11 ( 4 female ) students with ASD . All of the children with ASD were fully included in the general education program . Analyses revealed that time spent engaged with peers was significantly increased for the IT group and maintained over the follow-up . School playground staff in the IT group showed increased behaviors aimed at improving peer engagement for children with ASD compared to playground staff at the WL sites . These improvements did not maintain to follow-up . These results suggest that a low dose , brief intervention can be beneficial in increasing peer engagement for children with autism in inclusive settings , but continued support of playground staff is likely needed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1231
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69281",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"peer engagement"
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[
10,
25
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69282",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"psychosocial intervention , Remaking Recess"
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[
151,
194
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69283",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"immediate treatment ( IT )"
],
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[
400,
426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69284",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"wait-list ( WL ) group"
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[
506,
528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69285",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"peer engagement"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
25
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69286",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"time spent engaged with peers was significantly increased"
],
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[
682,
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]
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69287",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"showed increased behaviors aimed at improving peer engagement for children"
],
"offsets": [
[
833,
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]
],
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},
{
"id": "69288",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"improvements did not maintain"
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[
970,
999
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69289",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"peer engagement for children with autism"
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"offsets": [
[
200,
240
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69290",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
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"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69291",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69292",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69293",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism spectrum disorder ( ASD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
234,
266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69294",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"13"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
448
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69295",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"2"
],
"offsets": [
[
451,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69296",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
453,
459
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69297",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"elementary school students"
],
"offsets": [
[
462,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69298",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
261,
264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69299",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"11"
],
"offsets": [
[
539,
541
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69300",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"4"
],
"offsets": [
[
544,
545
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69301",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
453,
459
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69302",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"students"
],
"offsets": [
[
480,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69303",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69304",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
261,
264
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69305",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
29,
37
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69306",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
261,
264
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69307 | 25527253 | [
{
"id": "69308",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Efficacy of venlafaxine XR for the treatment of pain in patients with spinal cord injury and major depression : a randomized , controlled trial . OBJECTIVES To ( 1 ) determine the efficacy of venlafaxine XR for the treatment of pain ( secondary aim ) in individuals with spinal cord injury ( SCI ) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) on the efficacy of venlafaxine XR for major depressive disorder ( MDD ) ( primary aim ) ; and ( 2 ) test the hypothesis that venlafaxine XR would be effective for both neuropathic and nociceptive pain . DESIGN Multisite , double-blind , randomized ( 1:1 ) controlled trial with subjects block randomized and stratified by site , lifetime history of substance abuse , and prior history of MDD . SETTING Six Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in university-based medical schools . PARTICIPANTS Individuals ( N=123 ) with SCI and major depression between 18 and 64 years of age , at least 1 month post-SCI who also reported pain . INTERVENTION Twelve-week trial of venlafaxine XR versus placebo using a flexible titration schedule . OUTCOME MEASURES A 0-to-10 numeric rating scale for pain , pain interference items of the Brief Pain Inventory ; 30 % and 50 % responders . RESULTS The effect of venlafaxine XR on neuropathic pain was similar to that of placebo . However venlafaxine XR resulted in statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in nociceptive pain site intensity and interference even after controlling for anxiety , depression , and multiple pain sites within the same individual . For those who achieved a minimally effective dose of venlafaxine XR , some additional evidence of effectiveness was noted for those with mixed ( both neuropathic and nociceptive ) pain sites . CONCLUSIONS Venlafaxine XR could complement current medications and procedures for treating pain after SCI and MDD that has nociceptive features . Its usefulness for treating central neuropathic pain is likely to be limited . Research is needed to replicate these findings and determine whether the antinociceptive effect of venlafaxine XR generalizes to persons with SCI pain without MDD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2161
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69309",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69310",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69311",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69312",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
23
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69313",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69314",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1049,
1056
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69315",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"flexible titration schedule"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1092
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69316",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69317",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1049,
1056
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69318",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69319",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69320",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1783,
1797
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69321",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"venlafaxine XR"
],
"offsets": [
[
12,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69322",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"0-to-10 numeric rating scale for pain , pain interference items of the Brief Pain Inventory ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
1114,
1207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69323",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
1502,
1509
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69324",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
","
],
"offsets": [
[
125,
126
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69325",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69326",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
", and multiple pain sites"
],
"offsets": [
[
1523,
1548
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69327",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with spinal cord injury and major depression :"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69328",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"pain ( secondary aim ) in individuals with spinal cord injury ( SCI ) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial ( RCT ) on the efficacy of venlafaxine XR for major depressive disorder ( MDD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
419
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69329",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"( N=123"
],
"offsets": [
[
869,
876
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69330",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"18 and 64 years of age"
],
"offsets": [
[
917,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69331 | 25528326 | [
{
"id": "69332",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Diet-Related Colorectal Cancer Prevention Beliefs and Dietary Intakes in an Urban Minority Population . In the United States , colorectal cancer ( CRC ) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death and third most commonly diagnosed cancer among adults . This study is the first to examine the relationship between diet-related beliefs for colorectal cancer prevention and dietary intake among an urban , predominantly Black population ( n = 169 ) . More than two-thirds reported diet-related CRC prevention beliefs . Those with diet-related CRC prevention beliefs had healthier intakes for dietary fiber ( p = .005 ) , fruit , vegetable , bean ( p = .027 ) , red meat ( p = .032 ) , vitamin C ( p = .039 ) , and cholesterol ( p = .045 ) . Most people may already have diet-related CRC prevention beliefs and having them is associated with a more healthful dietary intake ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
878
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69333",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Dietary Intakes"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69334",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dietary intake"
],
"offsets": [
[
378,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69335",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"diet-related"
],
"offsets": [
[
320,
332
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69336",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dietary fiber"
],
"offsets": [
[
596,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69337",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fruit , vegetable , bean"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69338",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"red meat"
],
"offsets": [
[
665,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69339",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"diet-related CRC prevention beliefs"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69340",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dietary intake"
],
"offsets": [
[
378,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69341",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"diet-related beliefs for colorectal cancer prevention and dietary intake"
],
"offsets": [
[
320,
392
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69342",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intakes for dietary fiber"
],
"offsets": [
[
584,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69343",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fruit , vegetable , bean"
],
"offsets": [
[
625,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69344",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"red meat"
],
"offsets": [
[
665,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69345",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"vitamin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69346",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
718,
729
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69347",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healthful dietary intake ."
],
"offsets": [
[
852,
878
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69348",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"169"
],
"offsets": [
[
447,
450
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69349 | 25530107 | [
{
"id": "69350",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of low versus high dialysate sodium concentration on blood pressure and endothelial-derived vasoregulators during hemodialysis : a randomized crossover study . BACKGROUND Intradialytic hypertension affects ∼15 % of hemodialysis patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality . While intradialytic hypertension is associated with increases in endothelin 1 relative to nitric oxide ( NO ) , the cause of these imbalances is unknown . In vitro evidence suggests that altering plasma sodium levels could affect endothelial-derived vasoregulators and blood pressure ( BP ) . Thus , we hypothesized that compared to high dialysate sodium , low dialysate sodium concentration would lower endothelin 1 levels , increase NO release , and reduce BP . STUDY DESIGN 3-week , 2-arm , randomized , crossover study . SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 16 patients with intradialytic hypertension . INTERVENTION Low ( 5 mEq/L below serum sodium ) versus high ( 5 mEq/L above serum sodium ) dialysate sodium concentration . OUTCOMES Endothelin 1 , nitrite ( NO2 ( - ) ) , and BP . MEASUREMENTS Mixed linear regression was used to compare the effect of dialysate sodium ( low vs high ) and randomization arm ( low-then-high vs high-then-low ) on intradialytic changes in endothelin 1 , NO2 ( - ) , and BP values . RESULTS The average systolic BP throughout all hemodialysis treatments in a given week was lower with low dialysate sodium concentrations compared with treatments with high dialysate sodium concentrations ( parameter estimate , -9.9 [ 95 % CI , -13.3 to -6.4 ] mm Hg ; P < 0.001 ) . The average change in systolic BP during hemodialysis also was significantly lower with low vs high dialysate sodium concentrations ( parameter estimate , -6.1 [ 95 % CI , -9.0 to -3.2 ] mm Hg ; P < 0.001 ) . There were no significant differences in intradialytic levels of endothelin 1 or NO2 ( - ) with low vs high dialysate sodium concentrations . LIMITATIONS Carryover effects limited the power to detect significant changes in endothelial-derived vasoregulators , and future studies will require parallel trial designs . CONCLUSIONS Low dialysate sodium concentrations significantly decreased systolic BP and ameliorated intradialytic hypertension . Longer studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of low dialysate sodium concentrations on BP and clinical outcomes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2377
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69351",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure and endothelial-derived vasoregulators"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69352",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"affect endothelial-derived vasoregulators and blood pressure ( BP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
526,
593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69353",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower endothelin 1 levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
701,
726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69354",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increase NO release"
],
"offsets": [
[
729,
748
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69355",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"reduce"
],
"offsets": [
[
755,
761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69356",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"OUTCOMES Endothelin 1"
],
"offsets": [
[
1021,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69357",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"nitrite ( NO2 ( - ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1045,
1066
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69358",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"BP"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69359",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intradialytic changes in endothelin 1"
],
"offsets": [
[
1242,
1279
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69360",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"NO2 ( - )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1055,
1064
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69361",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"BP values"
],
"offsets": [
[
1298,
1307
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69362",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"The average systolic"
],
"offsets": [
[
1318,
1338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69363",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"0.001"
],
"offsets": [
[
1583,
1588
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69364",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"The average change in systolic BP during hemodialysis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1593,
1646
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69365",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"differences in intradialytic levels of endothelin 1"
],
"offsets": [
[
1828,
1879
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69366",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in endothelial-derived vasoregulators"
],
"offsets": [
[
2014,
2059
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69367",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"significantly decreased systolic"
],
"offsets": [
[
2167,
2199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69368",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ameliorated intradialytic hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
2207,
2245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69369",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1433,
1447
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69370",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"16 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
851,
862
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69371",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"intradialytic hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
335
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69372 | 25532076 | [
{
"id": "69373",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Cariprazine in the treatment of acute mania in bipolar I disorder : a double-blind , placebo-controlled , phase III trial . BACKGROUND This Phase III , randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of flexibly-dosed cariprazine in patients with acute manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder . METHODS Patients were randomized to 3 weeks of double-blind treatment with cariprazine 3-12mg/day ( n=158 ) or placebo ( n=154 ) . The primary efficacy parameter was change from baseline to Week 3 in Young Mania Rating Scale ( YMRS ) total score . The secondary efficacy parameter was change from baseline to Week 3 in Clinical Global Impressions-Severity ( CGI-S ) score . RESULTS Mean change from baseline to Week 3 in YMRS total score was significantly greater for patients receiving cariprazine 3-12mg/day versus placebo ( P=0.0004 ) . Significant differences between groups in YMRS total score mean change were observed by Day 4 ( first postbaseline assessment ) and maintained throughout double-blind treatment ( all assessments , P < 0.01 ) . Cariprazine also demonstrated statistically significant superiority over placebo on YMRS response ( ≥50 % improvement : cariprazine , 58.9 % ; placebo , 44.1 % ; P=0.0097 ) and remission ( YMRS total score≤12 : cariprazine , 51.9 % ; placebo , 34.9 % ; P=0.0025 ) and mean change in CGI-S ( P=0.0027 ) score and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale ( PANSS ) ( P=0.0035 ) total score . The most common cariprazine-related ( ≥10 % and twice placebo ) treatment emergent adverse events ( TEAEs ) were akathisia , extrapyramidal disorder , tremor , dyspepsia , and vomiting . Mean change from baseline in metabolic parameters were generally small and similar between groups . LIMITATIONS Lack of active comparator arm ; short duration of study . CONCLUSION In this study , cariprazine 3-12mg/day was effective and generally well tolerated in the treatment of manic and mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2029
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69374",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Cariprazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
11
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69375",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cariprazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
277
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69376",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cariprazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
277
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69377",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"or placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
470,
480
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69378",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cariprazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
277
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69379",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Cariprazine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
11
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69380",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and tolerability"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
247
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69381",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Young Mania Rating Scale ( YMRS ) total score ."
],
"offsets": [
[
562,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69382",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Clinical Global Impressions-Severity ( CGI-S ) score ."
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
735
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69383",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"YMRS total score"
],
"offsets": [
[
783,
799
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69384",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"YMRS response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1196,
1209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69385",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"acute manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
295,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69386",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cariprazine 3-12mg/day"
],
"offsets": [
[
437,
459
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69387",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=158"
],
"offsets": [
[
462,
467
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69388",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=154"
],
"offsets": [
[
483,
488
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69389 | 25533997 | [
{
"id": "69390",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Inverse fluoxetine effects on inhibitory brain activation in non-comorbid boys with ADHD and with ASD . RATIONALE Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) are often comorbid and have both performance and brain dysfunctions during motor response inhibition . Serotonin agonists modulate motor response inhibition and have shown positive behavioural effects in both disorders . AIMS We therefore used functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) to investigate the so far unknown shared and disorder-specific inhibitory brain dysfunctions in these two disorders , as well as the effects of a single dose of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine . METHODS Age-matched boys with ADHD ( 18 ) , ASD ( 19 ) and healthy controls ( 25 ) were compared with fMRI during a stop task measuring motor inhibition . Patients were scanned twice , under either an acute dose of fluoxetine or placebo in a double-blind , placebo-controlled randomised design . Repeated measures analyses within patients assessed drug effects . To test for potential normalisation effects of brain dysfunctions , patients under each drug condition were compared to controls . RESULTS Under placebo , relative to controls , ASD boys showed overactivation in left and right inferior frontal cortex ( IFC ) , while ADHD boys showed disorder-specific underactivation in orbitofrontal cortex ( OFC ) and basal ganglia . Under fluoxetine , the prefrontal dysfunctions were no longer observed , due to inverse effects of fluoxetine on these activations : fluoxetine downregulated IFC and OFC activation in ASD but upregulated them in ADHD . CONCLUSIONS The findings show that fluoxetine normalises frontal lobe dysfunctions in both disorders via inverse effects , downregulating abnormally increased frontal activation in ASD and upregulating abnormally decreased frontal activation in ADHD , potentially reflecting inverse baseline serotonin levels in both disorders ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1989
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69391",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"functional magnetic resonance imaging"
],
"offsets": [
[
445,
482
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69392",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"compared with fMRI during a stop task measuring motor inhibition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
797,
863
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69393",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"an acute dose of fluoxetine"
],
"offsets": [
[
907,
934
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69394",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
938,
945
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69395",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
966,
984
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69396",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inhibitory brain activation"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69397",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"motor response inhibition"
],
"offsets": [
[
276,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69398",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"behavioural effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
382,
401
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69399",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inhibitory brain dysfunctions"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69400",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"motor inhibition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
845,
863
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69401",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"drug effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1057,
1071
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69402",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"normalisation effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1094,
1115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69403",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"overactivation in left and right inferior frontal cortex ( IFC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1266,
1330
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69404",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"underactivation in orbitofrontal cortex ( OFC ) and basal ganglia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1374,
1441
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69405",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prefrontal dysfunctions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1465,
1488
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69406",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"IFC and OFC activation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1600,
1622
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69407",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"frontal lobe dysfunctions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1718,
1743
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69408",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"frontal activation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1820,
1838
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69409",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"frontal activation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1820,
1838
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69410",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"boys"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69411",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ADHD"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69412",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69413",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"boys"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69414",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ADHD"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69415",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69416",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
768,
784
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69417",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69418",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"boys"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69419",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ADHD"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69420",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"boys"
],
"offsets": [
[
74,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69421 | 25534295 | [
{
"id": "69422",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin versus carboplatin and paclitaxel in very platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer patients : results from a subset analysis of the CALYPSO phase III trial . AIM To perform a subset analysis of patients with very platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer ( ROC ) enrolled in the phase III CALYPSO trial . PATIENTS AND METHODS The international non-inferiority trial enrolled women with ROC that relapsed > 6 months following first- or second-line platinum- and paclitaxel-based therapies . Patients were randomised to CD [ carboplatin-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ( PLD ) ] or CP ( carboplatin-paclitaxel ) and stratified by treatment-free interval ( TFI ) . In this analysis , patients with a TFI > 24 months were analysed separately for progression free survival ( PFS ) , the primary endpoint of CALYPSO , overall survival ( OS ) and safety . RESULTS A total of 259 very platinum-sensitive patients were included ( n=131 , CD ; n=128 , CP ) . Median PFS was 12.0 months for the CD arm and 12.3 months for CP [ HR=1.05 ( 95 % CI , 0.79-1.40 ) ; P=0.73 for superiority ] and median OS was 40.2 months for CD and 43.9 for CP [ HR=1.18 ( 95 % CI 0.85-1.63 ) ; P=0.33 for superiority ] . Overall response rates were 42 % and 38 % , respectively ( P=0.46 ) . Toxicities were more common with CP versus CD , including grade 3/4 neutropenia ( 40.8 % versus 27.5 % ; P=0.025 ) , nausea ( 4.8 % versus 3.1 % ; P=0.47 ) , allergic reaction ( 8 % versus 3.1 % ; P=0.082 ) sensory neuropathy ( 4.8 % versus 2.3 % ; P=0.27 ) and grade 2 alopecia ( 88 % versus 9.2 % ; P < 0.001 ) . Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia ( 12.2 % versus 3.2 % ; P=0.007 ) and mucositis ( 2.3 % versus 0 % ; P=0.089 ) were more common with CD . Grade 3/4 hand-foot syndrome occurred rarely with CD ( 3 patients versus 0 in CP arm ; P=0.089 ) . CONCLUSION CP and CD were equally effective treatment regimens for patients with very platinum-sensitive ROC . The favourable risk-benefit profile suggests carboplatin-PLD as treatment of choice for these patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2064
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69423",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Carboplatin and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69424",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carboplatin and paclitaxel"
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69425",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"platinum- and paclitaxel-based therapies"
],
"offsets": [
[
490,
530
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69426",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CD [ carboplatin-pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ( PLD ) ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
561,
619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69427",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CP ( carboplatin-paclitaxel )"
],
"offsets": [
[
623,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69428",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CD"
],
"offsets": [
[
561,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69429",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CP"
],
"offsets": [
[
623,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69430",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CP"
],
"offsets": [
[
623,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69431",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CD"
],
"offsets": [
[
561,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69432",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CD"
],
"offsets": [
[
561,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69433",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"CD"
],
"offsets": [
[
561,
563
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69434",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"carboplatin-PLD"
],
"offsets": [
[
2005,
2020
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69435",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"Median PFS"
],
"offsets": [
[
992,
1002
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69436",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"median OS"
],
"offsets": [
[
1122,
1131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69437",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1240,
1254
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69438",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1302,
1312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69439",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"grade 3/4 neutropenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1360,
1381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69440",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"nausea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1419,
1425
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69441",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"allergic reaction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1460,
1477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69442",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"sensory neuropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1509,
1527
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69443",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"grade 2 alopecia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1564,
1580
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69444",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1617,
1643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69445",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"mucositis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1682,
1691
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69446",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Grade 3/4 hand-foot syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
1750,
1778
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69447",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"very platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer patients :"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69448",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"subset analysis of the CALYPSO phase III trial"
],
"offsets": [
[
150,
196
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69449",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with very platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer ( ROC ) enrolled in the phase III CALYPSO trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
235,
347
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69450",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"total of 259"
],
"offsets": [
[
902,
914
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69451",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"platinum-sensitive patients were included ("
],
"offsets": [
[
920,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69452",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
", CD ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
970,
976
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69453",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
", CP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
983,
989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69454",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with very platinum-sensitive ROC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1916,
1959
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69455 | 25542620 | [
{
"id": "69456",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Crohn 's disease management after intestinal resection : a randomised trial . BACKGROUND Most patients with Crohn 's disease need an intestinal resection , but a majority will subsequently experience disease recurrence and require further surgery . This study aimed to identify the optimal strategy to prevent postoperative disease recurrence . METHODS In this randomised trial , consecutive patients from 17 centres in Australia and New Zealand undergoing intestinal resection of all macroscopic Crohn 's disease , with an endoscopically accessible anastomosis , received 3 months of metronidazole therapy . Patients at high risk of recurrence also received a thiopurine , or adalimumab if they were intolerant to thiopurines . Patients were randomly assigned to parallel groups : colonoscopy at 6 months ( active care ) or no colonoscopy ( standard care ) . We used computer-generated block randomisation to allocate patients in each centre to active or standard care in a 2:1 ratio . For endoscopic recurrence ( Rutgeerts score ≥i2 ) at 6 months , patients stepped-up to thiopurine , fortnightly adalimumab with thiopurine , or weekly adalimumab . The primary endpoint was endoscopic recurrence at 18 months . Patients and treating physicians were aware of the patient 's study group and treatment , but central reading of the endoscopic findings was undertaken blind to the study group and treatment . Analysis included all patients who received at least one dose of study drug . This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT00989560 . FINDINGS Between Oct 13 , 2009 , and Sept 28 , 2011 , 174 ( 83 % high risk across both active and standard care groups ) patients were enrolled and received at least one dose of study drug . Of 122 patients in the active care group , 47 ( 39 % ) stepped-up treatment . At 18 months , endoscopic recurrence occurred in 60 ( 49 % ) patients in the active care group and 35 ( 67 % ) patients in the standard care group ( p=0.03 ) . Complete mucosal normality was maintained in 27 ( 22 % ) of 122 patients in the active care group versus four ( 8 % ) in the standard care group ( p=0.03 ) . In the active care arm , of those with 6 months recurrence who stepped up treatment , 18 ( 38 % ) of 47 patients were in remission 12 months later ; conversely , of those in remission at 6 months who did not change therapy recurrence occurred in 31 ( 41 % ) of 75 patients 12 months later . Smoking ( odds ratio [ OR ] 2.4 , 95 % CI 1.2-4.8 , p=0.02 ) and the presence of two or more clinical risk factors including smoking ( OR 2.8 , 95 % CI 1.01-7.7 , p=0.05 ) increased the risk of endoscopic recurrence . The incidence and type of adverse and severe adverse events did not differ significantly between patients in the active care and standard care groups ( 100 [ 82 % ] of 122 vs 45 [ 87 % ] of 52 ; p=0.51 ) and ( 33 [ 27 % ] of 122 vs 18 [ 35 % ] of 52 ; p=0.36 ) , respectively . INTERPRETATION Treatment according to clinical risk of recurrence , with early colonoscopy and treatment step-up for recurrence , is better than conventional drug therapy alone for prevention of postoperative Crohn 's disease recurrence . Selective immune suppression , adjusted for early recurrence , rather than routine use , leads to disease control in most patients . Clinical risk factors predict recurrence , but patients at low risk also need monitoring . Early remission does not preclude the need for ongoing monitoring . FUNDING AbbVie , Gutsy Group , Gandel Philanthropy , Angior Foundation , Crohn 's Colitis Australia , and the National Health and Medical Research Council ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
3617
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69457",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"intestinal resection"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69458",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"metronidazole"
],
"offsets": [
[
585,
598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69459",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"thiopurine"
],
"offsets": [
[
661,
671
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69460",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"adalimumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
677,
687
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69461",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"colonoscopy at 6 months"
],
"offsets": [
[
782,
805
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69462",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( active care )"
],
"offsets": [
[
806,
821
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69463",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"no colonoscopy ( standard care )"
],
"offsets": [
[
825,
857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69464",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
218
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69465",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"endoscopic recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
991,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69466",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"The primary endpoint was endoscopic recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
1151,
1197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69467",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"endoscopic recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
991,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69468",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"p=0.03"
],
"offsets": [
[
1974,
1980
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69469",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Complete mucosal normality"
],
"offsets": [
[
1985,
2011
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69470",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"months recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
2184,
2201
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69471",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"in remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
2261,
2273
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69472",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"endoscopic recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
991,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69473",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"The incidence and type of adverse and severe adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
2652,
2711
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69474",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"clinical risk of recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
2968,
2995
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69475",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postoperative Crohn 's disease recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
3125,
3166
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69476",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"disease control"
],
"offsets": [
[
3267,
3282
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69477",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"predict recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
3324,
3342
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69478",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"need monitoring"
],
"offsets": [
[
3375,
3390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69479",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Early remission"
],
"offsets": [
[
3393,
3408
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69480",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with Crohn 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69481",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Crohn 's disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69482",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Patients at high risk of recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
609,
644
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69483",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"122 patients in the active care group"
],
"offsets": [
[
1750,
1787
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69484 | 25542821 | [
{
"id": "69485",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Efficacy and safety of repeated use of ulipristal acetate in uterine fibroids . OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of repeated 12-week courses of 5 or 10 mg daily of ulipristal acetate for intermittent treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids . DESIGN Double-blind , randomized administration of two 12-week courses of ulipristal acetate . SETTING Gynecology centers . PATIENT ( S ) A total of 451 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroid ( s ) and heavy bleeding . INTERVENTION ( S ) Two repeated 12-week treatment courses of daily 5 or 10 mg of ulipristal acetate . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE ( S ) Amenorrhea , controlled bleeding , fibroid volume , quality of life ( QoL ) , pain . RESULT ( S ) In the 5- and 10-mg treatment groups ( 62 % and 73 % of patients , respectively ) achieved amenorrhea during both treatment courses . Proportions of patients achieving controlled bleeding during two treatment courses were > 80 % . Menstruation resumed after each treatment course and was diminished compared with baseline . After the second treatment course , median reductions from baseline in fibroid volume were 54 % and 58 % for the patients receiving 5 and 10 mg of ulipristal acetate , respectively . Pain and QoL improved in both groups . Ulipristal acetate was well tolerated with less than 5 % of patients discontinuing treatment due to adverse events . CONCLUSION ( S ) Repeated 12-week courses of daily oral ulipristal acetate ( 5 and 10 mg ) effectively control bleeding and pain , reduce fibroid volume , and restore QoL in patients with symptomatic fibroids . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01629563 ( PEARL IV ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1644
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69486",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ulipristal acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69487",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ulipristal acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69488",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ulipristal acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69489",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"5 or 10 mg of ulipristal acetate"
],
"offsets": [
[
549,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69490",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69491",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69492",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69493",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69494",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Amenorrhea , controlled bleeding , fibroid volume ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
611,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69495",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life ( QoL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
663,
686
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69496",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
693
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69497",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"amenorrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
800,
810
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69498",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"controlled bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
624,
643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69499",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Menstruation resumed"
],
"offsets": [
[
940,
960
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69500",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"median reductions from baseline in fibroid volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
1069,
1118
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69501",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"Pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
1216,
1220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69502",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"QoL"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
684
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69503",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tolerated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1283,
1292
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69504",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse events ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1355,
1371
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69505",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
471,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69506",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
693
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69507",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"fibroid volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
646,
660
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69508",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"QoL"
],
"offsets": [
[
681,
684
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69509",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"uterine fibroids ."
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69510",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"symptomatic uterine fibroids ."
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69511",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Gynecology centers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
363,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69512",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"451"
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69513",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"symptomatic uterine fibroid ( s ) and heavy bleeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
479
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69514 | 25542917 | [
{
"id": "69515",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Relationships of PROP Taste Phenotype , Taste Receptor Genotype , and Oral Nicotine Replacement Use . INTRODUCTION Recommended dosage of oral nicotine replacement therapy ( NRT ) product is often not achieved in smoking cessation attempts . n-6-propylthiouracil ( PROP ) bitter taste phenotype may be a potential risk factor for non-adherence to oral NRT products due to their bitter taste . There is limited literature on this phenotype in the context of smoking and none in relation to oral NRT pharmacotherapy . METHODS The association of PROP taste phenotype with NRT usage and sensory response to products was examined . In a cross-over experimental design , 120 participants received a 1 week supply of nicotine inhalers and 1 week of nicotine lozenges with random assignment to order . Mixed effects linear model analyses were conducted . RESULTS PROP taste phenotype and taste receptor genotype were not associated with NRT usage or sensory response to NRT , after adjusting for other factors . However , PROP non-tasters used a higher number of lozenges per day ( continuous exposure ) than nicotine cartridges ( intermittent exposure ) . Unexpectedly , half of baseline PROP non-tasters shifted to taster phenotype 2 weeks after smoking cessation or reduction . Menthol cigarette smokers identified higher NRT strength of sensation scores than nonmenthol smokers . Taste receptor genotype was related to PROP taste phenotype ( Kendall τ = .591 , p = .0001 ) . CONCLUSIONS A nonsignificant relationship of PROP phenotype and NRT usage may be associated with NRT under-dosing and limited variance in the outcome variable . PROP non-tasters ' greater use of lozenges is consistent with nicotine exposure being less aversive to non-tasters . Further research of this and other factors impacting NRT usage are warranted to effectively inform smoking cessation pharmacotherapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1882
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69516",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"1 week supply of nicotine inhalers and 1 week of nicotine lozenges"
],
"offsets": [
[
692,
758
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69517",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"number of lozenges per day"
],
"offsets": [
[
1044,
1070
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69518",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"higher NRT strength of sensation scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1309,
1348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69519",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"120"
],
"offsets": [
[
664,
667
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69520",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"nicotine inhalers"
],
"offsets": [
[
709,
726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69521",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Menthol cigarette smokers"
],
"offsets": [
[
1272,
1297
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69522",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"nonmenthol smokers ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1354,
1374
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69523 | 25546925 | [
{
"id": "69524",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of treatment on pregnancy outcomes in women with one elevated oral glucose tolerance test value . OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate whether dietary intervention could reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity in pregnancies with one elevated 100 g oral glucose tolerance test ( OGTT ) value . MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was conducted among patients with positive 50 g glucose challenge test ( GCT ) and one elevated 100 g OGTT value . Plasma glucose value of 140 mg/dL was used as the threshold to define an abnormal GCT result . Carpenter and Coustan criteria were used to evaluate the OGTT results . Seventy-four women with normal GCT values comprised group I. Ninety-nine women with one elevated 100 g OGTT value who were given a caloric diet and 102 women with one elevated OGTT value in group III who received antenatal care with no special diet were randomly assigned to groups II and III , respectively . All women were followed up until the end of pregnancy . Poor maternal outcome was defined as : cesarean delivery performed due to cephalopelvic disproportion , failure to progress or fetal distress , preeclampsia , and/or preterm labor . Poor perinatal outcome was defined as : small for gestational age , large for gestational age or admission to a neonatal intensive care unit . The groups were compared in terms of maternal and perinatal outcomes . RESULTS The rates of macrosomia and large for gestational age incidence were significantly higher in group III as compared to groups I and II . When we examined the multivariate effects of the risk factors considered to be predictive of poor maternal outcomes , group III was the only statistically significant risk factor ( OR=3.90 , 95 % CI:1.95- 7.84 ; p= < 0.001 ) . In terms of poor perinatal outcome , one elevated OGTT value ( group III ) was the only significant risk factor ( OR=2.92 , 95 % CI:1.56-5.46 ; p= < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION Women with one elevated OGTT value benefit from a structured program of diet therapy aimed to reduce adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2073
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69525",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"dietary intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
184
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69526",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"caloric diet"
],
"offsets": [
[
759,
771
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69527",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"antenatal care with no special diet"
],
"offsets": [
[
841,
876
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69528",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"diet therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
2003,
2015
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69529",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69530",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"elevated oral glucose tolerance test value"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69531",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with positive 50 g glucose challenge test ( GCT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
366,
424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69532",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"one elevated 100 g OGTT value"
],
"offsets": [
[
429,
458
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69533",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy-four"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
640
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69534",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69535",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ninety-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
689,
700
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69536",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69537",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"102"
],
"offsets": [
[
776,
779
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69538",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69539",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69540",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"Women"
],
"offsets": [
[
1931,
1936
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69541 | 25549656 | [
{
"id": "69542",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Wrist Rehabilitation Assisted by an Electromyography-Driven Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Robot After Stroke . BACKGROUND Augmented physical training with assistance from robot and neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( NMES ) may introduce intensive motor improvement in chronic stroke . OBJECTIVE To compare the rehabilitation effectiveness achieved by NMES robot-assisted wrist training and that by robot-assisted training . METHODS This study was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial with a 3-month follow-up . Twenty-six hemiplegic subjects with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to receive 20-session wrist training with an electromyography ( EMG ) -driven NMES robot ( NMES robot group , n = 11 ) and with an EMG-driven robot ( robot group , n = 15 ) , completed within 7 consecutive weeks . Clinical scores , Fugl-Meyer Assessment ( FMA ) , Modified Ashworth Score ( MAS ) , and Action Research Arm Test ( ARAT ) were used to evaluate the training effects before and after the training , as well as 3 months later . An EMG parameter , muscle co-contraction index , was also applied to investigate the session-by-session variation in muscular coordination patterns during the training . RESULTS The improvement in FMA ( shoulder/elbow , wrist/hand ) obtained in the NMES robot group was more significant than the robot group ( P < .05 ) . Significant improvement in ARAT was achieved in the NMES robot group ( P < .05 ) but absent in the robot group . NMES robot-assisted training showed better performance in releasing muscle co-contraction than the robot-assisted across the training sessions ( P < .05 ) . CONCLUSIONS The NMES robot-assisted wrist training was more effective than the pure robot . The additional NMES application in the treatment could bring more improvements in the distal motor functions and faster rehabilitation progress ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1872
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69543",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Electromyography-Driven Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Robot"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69544",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Augmented physical training with assistance from robot and neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( NMES )"
],
"offsets": [
[
129,
233
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69545",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"NMES robot-assisted wrist training"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
396
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69546",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"robot-assisted training ."
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
434
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69547",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"20-session wrist training with an electromyography ( EMG ) -driven NMES robot"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
692
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69548",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"EMG-driven robot"
],
"offsets": [
[
735,
751
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69549",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"NMES robot"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
372
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69550",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"NMES robot-assisted wrist training"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
396
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69551",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Fugl-Meyer Assessment ( FMA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
836,
865
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69552",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Modified Ashworth Score ( MAS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
868,
899
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69553",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Action Research Arm Test ( ARAT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
906,
939
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69554",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"improvement in FMA ( shoulder/elbow , wrist/hand )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1225,
1275
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69555",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ARAT"
],
"offsets": [
[
933,
937
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69556",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"better performance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1514,
1532
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69557",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"releasing muscle co-contraction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1536,
1567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69558",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Stroke"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69559",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
530,
540
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69560",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hemiplegic"
],
"offsets": [
[
541,
551
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69561",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"chronic stroke"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
293
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69562 | 25552279 | [
{
"id": "69563",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Concentrated parenteral nutrition solutions and central venous catheter complications in preterm infants . UNLABELLED Standardised , concentrated neonatal parenteral nutrition ( PN ) regimens can overcome early nutritional deficits in very preterm infants . A PN regimen with increased macronutrient content ( standardised , concentrated , added macronutrients parenteral ( SCAMP ) ) has been shown to improve early head growth in a randomised controlled trial . Line complications including late onset sepsis were secondary outcomes of this study . Infants were started on standardised , concentrated PN at birth and randomised at 2-5 days to either switch to SCAMP or remain on control PN . Central venous catheter ( CVC ) , blood culture ( BC ) and inflammatory marker data were collected for the 28-day intervention period . 150 infants were randomised with mean ( SD ) birth weight ( g ) of 900 ( 158 ) versus 884 ( 183 ) in SCAMP ( n=74 ) and control ( n=76 ) groups , respectively . There were no differences in CVC use/type or duration or in positive/negative BC with/without associated C reactive protein rise in SCAMP versus control groups . Increasing the macronutrient content of a standardised , concentrated neonatal PN regimen does not increase CVC complication rates . TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN 76597892 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1328
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69564",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"parenteral nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
33
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69565",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"concentrated neonatal parenteral nutrition ( PN ) regimens"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69566",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"standardised , concentrated , added macronutrients parenteral ( SCAMP ) )"
],
"offsets": [
[
310,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69567",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"concentrated PN"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
604
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69568",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SCAMP"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69569",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"remain on control PN ."
],
"offsets": [
[
670,
692
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69570",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"SCAMP"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
379
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69571",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"PN"
],
"offsets": [
[
178,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69572",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"central venous catheter complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69573",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Line complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
463,
481
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69574",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"late onset sepsis"
],
"offsets": [
[
492,
509
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69575",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Central venous catheter ( CVC ) , blood culture ( BC ) and inflammatory marker data"
],
"offsets": [
[
693,
776
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69576",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"birth weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
874,
886
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69577",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CVC use/type or duration or in positive/negative BC with/without associated C reactive protein rise"
],
"offsets": [
[
1019,
1118
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69578",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"CVC complication rates ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1260,
1284
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69579",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"central venous catheter complications"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69580",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"preterm infants"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69581",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"very preterm infants"
],
"offsets": [
[
235,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69582",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"150"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
832
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69583",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=74"
],
"offsets": [
[
938,
942
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69584",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=76"
],
"offsets": [
[
959,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69585 | 25555877 | [
{
"id": "69586",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of stellate ganglionic block on hemodynamic changes and intrapulmonary shunt in perioperative patients with esophageal cancer . OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the effects of stellate ganglion block ( SGB ) on hemodynamic changes and intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation ( OLV ) . PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty ASA class I-II patients undergoing elective esophageal surgery were randomly divided into two groups : general anesthesia group ( group N , n=15 ) and general anesthesia combined SGB group ( group S , n=15 ) , patients in group S were received left SGB before induction . Radial artery was cannulated for arterial blood pressure ( ABP ) monitoring and blood sampling and Swan-Ganz catheter was position in the pulmonary artery via right internal jugular vein under local anesthesia . ECG , MAP , HR , CVP , continuous cardiac output ( CCO ) index and BIS were continuously monitored during anesthesia . General anesthesia was induced with propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg , sufentanil 0.4 μg/kg , and Rocuronium 0.6-0.9 mg/kg . Endobronchial occluder was placed blindly after tracheal indubation and the correct position was verified by auscultation and fiberoptic bronchoscopy . The patients were mechanically ventilated . The ventilation conditions were Fio2=100 % , VT = 8-10 ml/kg , I : E = 1:2 and respiratory rate was adjusted to maintained PETCO2 at 35-45 mmHg during both two-lung ventilation ( TLV ) and OLV . Anesthesia was maintained with continuous infusion of propofol 4-10 mg/kg·h , sufentanil 0.2 μg/kg·h , vecuronium o.1 mg/kg·h , BIS was maintained at 45-55 . Blood samples were taken from radial artery and S-G catheter for blood gas analysis at following intervals : during spontaneous breathing when the patient was awake ( T0 ) , 1 min after tracheal indubation ( T1 ) , 1 min after patient was placed in lateral position ( T2 ) and 15 min after it ( T3 ) , 1 min after ribs was braced ( T4 ) , 30 , 60 , 120 min during the course of OLV ( T5 , T6 , T7 ) , the two lungs were ventilated again for 30 min ( T8 ) and Qs/Qt was calculated . RESULTS SVRI , MAP , HR in group N increased significantly at T1 , T2 , T4 compared with group S ( p < 0.05 ) . Qs/Qt was significantly increased after patient was placed in lateral position and increased further during OLV ; the calculated Qs/Qt values were highest at T5· PaO2 was significantly lower after OLV was started and reached the lowest level at T6 then was gradually increasing . There was no significant difference in Qs/Qt and PaO2 at all time points between two groups . CONCLUSIONS SGB before induction effectively suppress the stress response work as stable blood dynamics and does not affect Qs/Qt and arterial oxygenation during OLV , SGB is a safe technique of anesthesia for general thoracic surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2815
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69587",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"stellate ganglionic block"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69588",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hemodynamic changes"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69589",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intrapulmonary shunt"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69590",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hemodynamic changes"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69591",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intrapulmonary shunt"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69592",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"arterial blood pressure ( ABP ) monitoring and blood"
],
"offsets": [
[
649,
701
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69593",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"perioperative patients with esophageal cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69594",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"METHODS"
],
"offsets": [
[
329,
336
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69595",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASA class I-II patients undergoing elective esophageal surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69596 | 25560349 | [
{
"id": "69597",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Aloe vera gel and cesarean wound healing ; a randomized controlled clinical trial . BACKGROUND Failure in complete healing of the wound is one of the probable complications of cesarean . The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of dressing with aloe vera gel in healing of cesarean wound . METHODS This prospective randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 90 women who had undergone cesarean operation in Amir-al-Momenin hospital ( Gerash , Iran ) . The participants were randomly divided into two groups each containing 45 patients . In one group , the wound was dressed with aloe vera gel , while simple dressing was used in the control group . Wound healing was assessed 24 hours and 8 days after the cesarean operation using REEDA scale . The data were analyzed through Chi-square and t-test . RESULTS The participants ' mean age was 27.56±4.20 in the aloe vera group and 26.62±4.88 in the control group , but the difference was not statistically significant . However , a significant difference was found between the two groups concerning body mass index , heart rate , and systolic blood pressure ( P < 0.05 ) . Also , a significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to the wound healing score 24 hours after the operation ( P=0.003 ) . After 8 days , however , the difference in the wound healing score was not significant ( P=0.283 ) . Overall , 45 participants in the aloe vera group and 35 ones in the control group had obtained a zero score 24 hours after the operation . These measures were respectively obtained as 42 and 41eight days after the operation . CONCLUSION According to the findings of this study , the women are recommended to be informed regarding the positive effects of dressing with aloe vera gel ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1782
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69598",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Aloe vera gel"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
13
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69599",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aloe vera gel"
],
"offsets": [
[
259,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69600",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dressed with aloe vera gel"
],
"offsets": [
[
593,
619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69601",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"simple dressing"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69602",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healing"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69603",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"healing of cesarean wound"
],
"offsets": [
[
276,
301
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69604",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Wound healing"
],
"offsets": [
[
676,
689
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69605",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"REEDA scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
758,
769
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69606",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"concerning body mass index"
],
"offsets": [
[
1062,
1088
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69607",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1091,
1101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69608",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"systolic blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1108,
1131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69609",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the wound healing score 24 hours after the operation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1231,
1283
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69610",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the wound healing score"
],
"offsets": [
[
1231,
1254
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69611",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"positive effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1733,
1749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69612",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"90"
],
"offsets": [
[
385,
387
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69613",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
388,
393
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69614",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"undergone cesarean operation"
],
"offsets": [
[
402,
430
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69615",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"45 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
550,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69616",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"27.56±4.20"
],
"offsets": [
[
867,
877
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69617",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"26.62±4.88"
],
"offsets": [
[
905,
915
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69618",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
388,
393
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69619 | 25561389 | [
{
"id": "69620",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Does watching a video on third molar surgery increase patients ' anxiety level ? OBJECTIVE To identify the effects of watching live taping of third molar removal on patients ' anxiety levels before and after extraction . STUDY DESIGN This study was based on a prospective , cross-sectional , observational investigation of the different patient education techniques about the effect of third molar removal on patients ' anxiety level . A total of 333 patients were randomized into three groups : two study groups ( for group 1 , basic information was given verbally ; for group 2 , which was the study group , basic information was given verbally and through a movie on third molar extraction ) ; and a control group ( basic information was given verbally ; it did not include information on operative procedures and recovery ) . Anxiety levels were assessed by using the Dental Anxiety Scale ( DAS ) and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ( STAI ) . Pain was assessed with a visual analog scale . Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 16.0 . RESULTS Group 2 patients were significantly more anxious before the surgical procedure , and the most significant decreases in DAS and STAI scores were observed in that group . The age , surgery time , and education level were not correlated with anxiety or pain levels ; however , female patients had high levels of anxiety ( P < .05 ) . CONCLUSION Preoperative multimedia information increases the anxiety of patients undergoing third molar surgery ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1513
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69621",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"third molar surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69622",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"watching live taping of third molar removal"
],
"offsets": [
[
118,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69623",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"basic information was given verbally ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
529,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69624",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"basic information was given verbally and through a movie on third molar extraction ) ;"
],
"offsets": [
[
610,
696
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69625",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control group ( basic information was given verbally ; it did not include information on operative procedures and recovery )"
],
"offsets": [
[
703,
827
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69626",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Preoperative multimedia information"
],
"offsets": [
[
1411,
1446
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69627",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients ' anxiety level"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69628",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients ' anxiety levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
165,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69629",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients ' anxiety level"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
78
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69630",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"333 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
447,
459
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69631",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients undergoing third molar surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
1472,
1511
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69632 | 25564411 | [
{
"id": "69633",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hepatectomy Versus Hepatectomy With Lymphadenectomy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma : A Prospective , Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial . GOALS AND BACKGROUND The role of preventive lymphadenectomy has not yet been determined for hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) patients . We designed a study to evaluate the effect of hepatectomy combined with preventive lymphadenectomy on HCC patients . STUDY Patients were randomly divided into group A ( treated with hepatectomy alone ) and group B ( underwent hepatectomy combined with lymphadenectomy ) . The postoperative complications and oncologic prognoses were analyzed . RESULTS Of the 85 patients enrolled into this study , 79 cases ( 38 in group A and 41 in group B ) were pathologically confirmed to have HCC and received curative resection . One hundred and sixteen lymph nodes were dissected and evaluated as negative by the pathologist . The 12- , 36- , and 60-month disease-free survival rates of group A were 81.6 % , 68.4 % , and 63.2 % , respectively , whereas they were 78.0 % , 65.9 % , and 63.4 % , respectively , for group B . The 12- , 36- , and 60-month overall survival rates in group A were 94.7 % , 78.9 % , and 65.8 % , respectively , whereas they were 87.8 % , 78.0 % , and 70.7 % , respectively , in group B . The differences in the disease-free survival and overall survival between the 2 groups were not statistically significant according to the log-rank test ( P=0.811 and P=0.881 , respectively ) . The difference in the surgical complication rate between groups A and B was not statistically significant ( 47.4 % vs. 36.6 % , P=0.332 ) . CONCLUSIONS Although hepatectomy combined with regional lymphadenectomy is a safe procedure , preventive lymphadenectomy may not decrease the rate of tumor recurrence nor improve the prognosis in early-stage HCC patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1834
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69634",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Hepatectomy Versus Hepatectomy With Lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
51
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69635",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"hepatectomy combined with preventive lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
319,
371
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69636",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( treated with hepatectomy alone )"
],
"offsets": [
[
440,
474
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69637",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( underwent hepatectomy combined with lymphadenectomy )"
],
"offsets": [
[
487,
542
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69638",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"hepatectomy combined with regional lymphadenectomy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1633,
1683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69639",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oncologic prognoses"
],
"offsets": [
[
581,
600
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69640",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"disease-free survival rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
919,
946
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69641",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1116,
1138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69642",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"disease-free survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
919,
940
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69643",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1116,
1132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69644",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"surgical complication rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1494,
1520
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69645",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"recurrence"
],
"offsets": [
[
1768,
1778
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69646",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"prognosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1795,
1804
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69647",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
229,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69648",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"HCC"
],
"offsets": [
[
256,
259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69649",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"85"
],
"offsets": [
[
632,
634
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69650",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"79"
],
"offsets": [
[
671,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69651",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"38"
],
"offsets": [
[
682,
684
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69652",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"41"
],
"offsets": [
[
700,
702
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69653",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"HCC"
],
"offsets": [
[
256,
259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69654",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"early-stage HCC patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1808,
1834
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69655 | 25568377 | [
{
"id": "69656",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Continual feeding of two types of microalgal biomass affected protein digestion and metabolism in laying hens . A 14-wk study was conducted to determine the nutritional efficacy and ssmetabolic impact of 2 types of microalgal biomass as alternative protein sources in laying hen diets . Shaver hens ( total = 150 and 26 wk old ) were fed 1 of 5 diets : a control or a defatted green microalgal biomass ( DG ; Desmodesmus spp . ) at 25 % and a full-fatted diatom biomass ( FD ; Staurosira spp . ) at 11.7 % inclusion with or without protease . This experiment consisted of 5 replicates per treatment and each replicate contained 6 hens individually reared in cages ( 1 hen for biochemical data/replicate ) . Despite decreased ADFI ( P = 0.03 ) , hens fed DG or FD had final BW , overall hen-day egg production , and egg quality similar to the controls . Feeding DG or FD did not alter plasma concentrations of insulin , glutamine , and uric acid or alkaline phosphatase activity at wk 8 or 14 but decreased plasma 3-methyhistine concentrations ( P = 0.03 ) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP ) activities ( P < 0.001 ) at wk 14 and improved ( P = 0.002 ) ileal total AA digestibility . Although DG or FD exhibited moderate effects on intestinal brush border protease activities and mRNA levels of duodenal transporters Pept1 , Lat1 , and Cat1 , both substantially enhanced ( P < 0.05 ) phosphorylation of hepatic protein synthesis key regulator S6 ribosomal protein ( S6 ) and the ratio of phospho-S6 to S6 in the liver of hens . However , DG and FD manifested with different impacts on weights of egg and egg albumen , proteolytic activity of jejunal digesta , plasma TRAP activity , ileal total AA digestibility , and several intestinal genes and hepatic proteins . Supplemental protease in the DG and FD diets produced mixed effects on a number of measures . In conclusion , our findings revealed the feasibility of including greater levels of microalgal biomass as a source of feed protein for laying hens and a novel potential of the biomass in improving dietary protein digestion and body protein metabolism than previously perceived ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2152
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69657",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Continual feeding"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
17
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69658",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"microalgal biomass"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69659",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"microalgal biomass"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69660",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
355,
362
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69661",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"defatted green microalgal biomass ( DG"
],
"offsets": [
[
368,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69662",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"full-fatted diatom biomass"
],
"offsets": [
[
443,
469
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69663",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"microalgal biomass"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69664",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and ssmetabolic impact"
],
"offsets": [
[
169,
200
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69665",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"alter plasma concentrations of insulin , glutamine , and uric acid or alkaline phosphatase activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
878,
977
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69666",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma 3-methyhistine concentrations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1006,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69667",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP ) activities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1060,
1115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69668",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intestinal brush border protease activities and mRNA levels of duodenal transporters Pept1 , Lat1 , and Cat1"
],
"offsets": [
[
1245,
1353
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69669",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"weights of egg and egg albumen , proteolytic activity of jejunal digesta , plasma TRAP activity , ileal total AA digestibility , and several intestinal genes and hepatic proteins ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1598,
1778
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69670",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mixed effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1833,
1846
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69671",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of measures ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1852,
1872
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69672",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"laying hen"
],
"offsets": [
[
98,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69673",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"total = 150"
],
"offsets": [
[
301,
312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69674",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"26 wk old"
],
"offsets": [
[
317,
326
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69675 | 25568383 | [
{
"id": "69676",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Inclusion of anti-phospholipase A2 antibody to backgrounding diets on performance , feed efficiency , in vitro fermentation , and the acute-phase response of growing beef calves . In Exp . 1 , individual performance and daily DMI was measured on 70 crossbred weaned calves during a 70-d period using a GrowSafe system ( GrowSafe Systems Ltd. , Airdrie , AB , Canada ) at the University of Florida North Florida Research and Education Center Feed Efficiency Facility ( FEF ) . Calves were fed a low-concentrate ( LC ) growing diet , blocked by weight and sex , and then randomly assigned to pens to receive either no additional supplement ( CON ; n = 35 ) or receive a supplement of anti-phospholipase A2 antibody ( aPLA2 ) at an inclusion rate of 0.6 % of the diet DM ( n = 35 ) . After the 70-d feed efficiency ( FE ) trial ( Phase 1 ) , calves were loaded into a commercial livestock trailer and were driven for approximately 1,600 km during 24 h. Upon return to the FEF ( Phase 2 ) , calves were relocated to the same pens and groups and received the same diets and treatments for 28 d. Blood samples from each calf were collected on d 0 , 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 14 , 21 , and 28 relative to initiation of transportation and were analyzed for determination of concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin . In Phase 1 , initial BW ( 242.0 ± 3.7 kg ; P = 0.92 ) , BW at d 70 ( 313.0 ± 4.1 kg ; P = 0.79 ) , and ADG ( 1.01 ± 0.02 kg ; P = 0.95 ) were similar between treatments . However , daily DMI was greater ( P = 0.01 ) for CON ( 9.18 ± 0.15 kg ) than aPLA2 ( 8.53 ± 0.15 kg ) . In addition , residual feed intake was greater ( P = 0.002 ) for CON ( 0.389 ± 0.110 kg/d ) than aPLA2 calves ( -0.272 ± 0.110 kg/d ) . In Phase 2 , after transportation , there were no differences between treatments on BW loss due to transportation shrink ( 26.0 ± 0.6 kg ; P = 0.86 ) , BW at d 28 ( 339.0 ± 4.1 kg ; P = 0.72 ) , ADG ( 1.28 ± 0.03 kg/d ; P = 0.72 ) , G : F ( 0.164 ± 0.004 ; P = 0.83 ) , and concentrations of plasma haptoglobin ( 0.08 ± 0.02 mg/mL ; P = 0.41 ) . However , concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin were greater ( P < 0.001 ) for CON calves ( 14.3 ± 0.3 mg/dL ) compared to aPLA2 calves ( 13.0 ± 0.3 mg/dL ) . In Exp . 2 , the effects of aPLA2 inclusion on LC and high-concentrate ( HC ) substrates on in vitro fermentation parameters were assessed . Addition of aPLA2 had no effects on in vitro fermentation parameters of LC and HC substrates . In conclusion , supplementation of aPLA2 improved FE of growing beef calves when fed LC diets in Phase 1 and addition of aPLA2 had no effect on fermentation parameters of LC and HC substrates . In addition , calves supplemented with aPLA2 had reduced concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin after 24 h of transportation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2786
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69677",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"anti-phospholipase A2 antibody"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69678",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"low-concentrate ( LC ) growing diet"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69679",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"either no additional supplement"
],
"offsets": [
[
606,
637
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69680",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"receive a supplement of anti-phospholipase A2 antibody ( aPLA2"
],
"offsets": [
[
658,
720
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69681",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"performance , feed efficiency , in vitro fermentation , and the acute-phase response of growing beef calves ."
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69682",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"concentrations of plasma ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1256,
1312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69683",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"BW"
],
"offsets": [
[
1334,
1336
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69684",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"anti-phospholipase A2 antibody"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69685",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"growing"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69686",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"calves"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69687",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"70"
],
"offsets": [
[
246,
248
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69688 | 25572620 | [
{
"id": "69689",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Efficacy of a tobacco quitline among adult cancer survivors . OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study ( conducted 2010-2013 ) was to determine the efficacy of two common types of tobacco quitlines in adult cancer survivors who regularly smoked cigarettes . METHOD Adult onset cancer survivors in Memphis , Tennessee ( n=427 , 67 % female , 60 % Caucasian ) were randomized either to a Proactive ( i.e. , counselor-initiated calls ) or Reactive ( i.e. , participant-initiated calls ) quitline . Both conditions also received nicotine replacement therapy . The primary outcome was biochemically-verified ( i.e. , salivary cotinine ) smoking cessation . RESULTS While 12-month self-reported abstinence was consistent with other published studies of smoking cessation ( 22 % and 26 % point prevalence abstinence for Proactive and Reactive conditions , respectively ) , 48 % of participants who were tested for cotinine failed biochemical verification , indicating a considerable falsification of self-reported cessation . Adjusted cessation rates were less than 5 % in both intervention conditions . CONCLUSION Our results are consistent with other studies indicating that traditional smoking cessation interventions are ineffective among cancer survivors . Moreover , self-reports of cessation were unreliable in cancer survivors participating in a quitline intervention , indicating that future studies should include biochemical verification . Given the importance of smoking cessation among cancer survivors and low cessation rates in the current study , it may be necessary to design alternative interventions for this population . ClinicalTrials.gov identifier : NCT00827866 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1673
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69690",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"tobacco quitline"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69691",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"tobacco quitlines"
],
"offsets": [
[
174,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69692",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"counselor-initiated calls"
],
"offsets": [
[
399,
424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69693",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"participant-initiated calls"
],
"offsets": [
[
448,
475
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69694",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"nicotine replacement therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
519,
547
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69695",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"quitline intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
1341,
1362
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69696",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69697",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"smoking cessation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
626,
645
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69698",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"smoking cessation"
],
"offsets": [
[
626,
643
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69699",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"self-reported cessation . Adjusted cessation rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
987,
1037
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69700",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"traditional smoking cessation interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
1164,
1207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69701",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"self-reports of cessation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1260,
1285
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69702",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cessation rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1022,
1037
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69703",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adult"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69704",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer survivors"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69705",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adult"
],
"offsets": [
[
37,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69706",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69707",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69708",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=427"
],
"offsets": [
[
313,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69709",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
326,
332
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69710",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69711 | 25577772 | [
{
"id": "69712",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The development and feasibility of a composite score of echocardiographic indices that may stratify outcome in patients with diabetes mellitus . BACKGROUND Early detection of changes in cardiac structure and function associated with type 2 diabetes ( T2DM ) is important . However when multiple abnormalities are present , combining individual measurements can be subjective . This study sought to create a simple echo score that summarises measurements that may detect early and prognostically important changes in cardiac function . METHODS Standard echocardiography was performed on 849 people with T2DM ( median age 65years , 40 % female , median duration of diabetes 5.5years ) . Principal components analysis was performed on measurements of LV mass , LA volume , E : e ' , and s ' , to create an objective summary score . The score was included in two Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for CV risk factors : one estimated the development of heart failure ( HF ) and the second estimated any CV event . RESULTS The first two principal components represented 75 % of the variation between the four echo measurements . A continuous score that represents the residual difference between these two components was derived that only requires measurement of medial E : e ' and s ' . The score was significantly associated with the development of HF within four years ( hazard ratio 1.34 ; 95 % CI 1.15 , 1.56 ) . CONCLUSIONS We have developed a simple , objective score that enhances the use of echocardiography in the detection of sub-clinical cardiac disease in people with T2DM . Initial findings suggest that it may help identify those at increased risk of developing HF within four years ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1699
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69713",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Standard echocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
543,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69714",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"echocardiography"
],
"offsets": [
[
552,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69715",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"echo score"
],
"offsets": [
[
414,
424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69716",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LV mass"
],
"offsets": [
[
748,
755
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69717",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"LA volume , E : e '"
],
"offsets": [
[
758,
777
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69718",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"s"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69719",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"objective summary score"
],
"offsets": [
[
803,
826
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69720",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart failure ( HF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
954,
974
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69721",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"any CV event"
],
"offsets": [
[
1000,
1012
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69722",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"development of HF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1336,
1353
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69723",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"score"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69724",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with diabetes mellitus"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69725",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"type 2 diabetes ( T2DM )"
],
"offsets": [
[
233,
257
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69726",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"849"
],
"offsets": [
[
586,
589
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69727",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"median age 65years"
],
"offsets": [
[
609,
627
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69728",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
635,
641
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69729",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"diabetes"
],
"offsets": [
[
125,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69730",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"T2DM"
],
"offsets": [
[
251,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69731 | 25579054 | [
{
"id": "69732",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effects of a single dose of oxytocin on working memory in schizophrenia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
77
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69733",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"single dose of oxytocin"
],
"offsets": [
[
17,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69734",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"working memory"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
58
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69735",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"schizophrenia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
62,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69736 | 25580916 | [
{
"id": "69737",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive therapy to risperidone for treatment of irritability in autism : a randomized , double-blind , placebo-controlled clinical trial of efficacy and safety . OBJECTIVES According to the proposed interference of N-acetylcysteine ( NAC ) with pathophysiologic processes of autistic disorders ( ADs ) , we aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of NAC as an adjunct to risperidone in the treatment of ADs in a randomized , double-blind , clinical trial . METHODS The participants were referred outpatients between 4 and 12 years of age with the diagnosis of ADs and a score of more than 12 on Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community ( ABC-C ) Irritability subscale score . The participants were randomized into 2 groups . One group received risperidone plus NAC , and the other group received risperidone plus placebo . The dose of risperidone was titrated between 1 and 2.0 mg/d , and the dose of NAC was 600 to 900 mg/d . The main outcome was mean decrease in the ABC-C irritability subscale score from baseline at 5 and 10 weeks . Changes in other subscales were considered as secondary outcome measures . RESULTS Forty patients completed the 10-week trial . Baseline characteristics including age , sex and body weight , as well as baseline scores in 5 subscales did not demonstrate statistically significant difference between the 2 groups . Repeated-measures analysis showed significant effect for time × treatment interaction in irritability ( P = 0.01 ) and hyperactivity/noncompliance ( P = 0.02 ) subscales . By week 10 , the NAC group showed significantly more reduction in irritability ( P = 0.02 ) and hyperactivity/noncompliance ( P = 0.01 ) subscales scores . CONCLUSIONS N-acetylcysteine can be considered as an adjuvant therapy for ADs with beneficial therapeutic outcomes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1822
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69738",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"N-acetylcysteine"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69739",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69740",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"N-acetylcysteine ( NAC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
265
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69741",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NAC"
],
"offsets": [
[
260,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69742",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69743",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone plus NAC"
],
"offsets": [
[
772,
792
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69744",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"risperidone plus placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
824,
848
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69745",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"risperidone"
],
"offsets": [
[
45,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69746",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NAC"
],
"offsets": [
[
260,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69747",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the effectiveness and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
349,
377
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69748",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community ( ABC-C ) Irritability subscale score ."
],
"offsets": [
[
626,
703
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69749",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mean decrease in the ABC-C irritability subscale score"
],
"offsets": [
[
976,
1030
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69750",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Changes in other subscales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1065,
1091
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69751",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"baseline scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1267,
1282
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69752",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"subscales"
],
"offsets": [
[
1082,
1091
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69753",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effect"
],
"offsets": [
[
353,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69754",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"in autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
96
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69755",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"participants were referred outpatients between 4 and 12 years of age"
],
"offsets": [
[
500,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69756",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"the diagnosis of ADs"
],
"offsets": [
[
574,
594
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69757",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"a score of more than 12 on Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community ( ABC-C ) Irritability subscale score"
],
"offsets": [
[
599,
701
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69758",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty"
],
"offsets": [
[
1148,
1153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69759",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"10-week"
],
"offsets": [
[
1177,
1184
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69760 | 25589191 | [
{
"id": "69761",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Afatinib versus cisplatin-based chemotherapy for EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma ( LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 ) : analysis of overall survival data from two randomised , phase 3 trials . BACKGROUND We aimed to assess the effect of afatinib on overall survival of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma through an analysis of data from two open-label , randomised , phase 3 trials . METHODS Previously untreated patients with EGFR mutation-positive stage IIIB or IV lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled in LUX-Lung 3 ( n=345 ) and LUX-Lung 6 ( n=364 ) . These patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive afatinib or chemotherapy ( pemetrexed-cisplatin [ LUX-Lung 3 ] or gemcitabine-cisplatin [ LUX-Lung 6 ] ) , stratified by EGFR mutation ( exon 19 deletion [ del19 ] , Leu858Arg , or other ) and ethnic origin ( LUX-Lung 3 only ) . We planned analyses of mature overall survival data in the intention-to-treat population after 209 ( LUX-Lung 3 ) and 237 ( LUX-Lung 6 ) deaths . These ongoing studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , numbers NCT00949650 and NCT01121393 . FINDINGS Median follow-up in LUX-Lung 3 was 41 months ( IQR 35-44 ) ; 213 ( 62 % ) of 345 patients had died . Median follow-up in LUX-Lung 6 was 33 months ( IQR 31-37 ) ; 246 ( 68 % ) of 364 patients had died . In LUX-Lung 3 , median overall survival was 28.2 months ( 95 % CI 24.6-33.6 ) in the afatinib group and 28.2 months ( 20.7-33.2 ) in the pemetrexed-cisplatin group ( HR 0.88 , 95 % CI 0.66-1.17 , p=0.39 ) . In LUX-Lung 6 , median overall survival was 23.1 months ( 95 % CI 20.4-27.3 ) in the afatinib group and 23.5 months ( 18.0-25.6 ) in the gemcitabine-cisplatin group ( HR 0.93 , 95 % CI 0.72-1.22 , p=0.61 ) . However , in preplanned analyses , overall survival was significantly longer for patients with del19-positive tumours in the afatinib group than in the chemotherapy group in both trials : in LUX-Lung 3 , median overall survival was 33.3 months ( 95 % CI 26.8-41.5 ) in the afatinib group versus 21.1 months ( 16.3-30.7 ) in the chemotherapy group ( HR 0.54 , 95 % CI 0.36-0.79 , p=0.0015 ) ; in LUX-Lung 6 , it was 31.4 months ( 95 % CI 24.2-35.3 ) versus 18.4 months ( 14.6-25.6 ) , respectively ( HR 0.64 , 95 % CI 0.44-0.94 , p=0.023 ) . By contrast , there were no significant differences by treatment group for patients with EGFR Leu858Arg-positive tumours in either trial : in LUX-Lung 3 , median overall survival was 27.6 months ( 19.8-41.7 ) in the afatinib group versus 40.3 months ( 24.3-not estimable ) in the chemotherapy group ( HR 1.30 , 95 % CI 0.80-2.11 , p=0.29 ) ; in LUX-Lung 6 , it was 19.6 months ( 95 % CI 17.0-22.1 ) versus 24.3 months ( 19.0-27.0 ) , respectively ( HR 1.22 , 95 % CI 0.81-1.83 , p=0.34 ) . In both trials , the most common afatinib-related grade 3-4 adverse events were rash or acne ( 37 [ 16 % ] of 229 patients in LUX-Lung 3 and 35 [ 15 % ] of 239 patients in LUX-Lung 6 ) , diarrhoea ( 33 [ 14 % ] and 13 [ 5 % ] ) , paronychia ( 26 [ 11 % ] in LUX-Lung 3 only ) , and stomatitis or mucositis ( 13 [ 5 % ] in LUX-Lung 6 only ) . In LUX-Lung 3 , neutropenia ( 20 [ 18 % ] of 111 patients ) , fatigue ( 14 [ 13 % ] ) and leucopenia ( nine [ 8 % ] ) were the most common chemotherapy-related grade 3-4 adverse events , while in LUX-Lung 6 , the most common chemotherapy-related grade 3-4 adverse events were neutropenia ( 30 [ 27 % ] of 113 patients ) , vomiting ( 22 [ 19 % ] ) , and leucopenia ( 17 [ 15 % ] ) . INTERPRETATION Although afatinib did not improve overall survival in the whole population of either trial , overall survival was improved with the drug for patients with del19 EGFR mutations . The absence of an effect in patients with Leu858Arg EGFR mutations suggests that EGFR del19-positive disease might be distinct from Leu858Arg-positive disease and that these subgroups should be analysed separately in future trials . FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
3955
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69762",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Afatinib"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69763",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cisplatin-based chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69764",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"afatinib"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69765",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LUX-Lung"
],
"offsets": [
[
94,
102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69766",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"LUX-Lung 6"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69767",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"afatinib"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69768",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"chemotherapy ( pemetrexed-cisplatin [ LUX-Lung 3 ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
654,
704
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69769",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gemcitabine-cisplatin [ LUX-Lung 6 ] )"
],
"offsets": [
[
708,
746
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69770",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69771",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69772",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69773",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69774",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69775",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69776",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
152
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69777",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"grade 3-4 adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
2825,
2849
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69778",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"rash or acne"
],
"offsets": [
[
2855,
2867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69779",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"diarrhoea"
],
"offsets": [
[
2962,
2971
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69780",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"paronychia"
],
"offsets": [
[
3005,
3015
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69781",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"stomatitis or mucositis"
],
"offsets": [
[
3057,
3080
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69782",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"neutropenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
3133,
3144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69783",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"fatigue"
],
"offsets": [
[
3179,
3186
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69784",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"leucopenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
3207,
3217
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69785",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"grade 3-4 adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
2825,
2849
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69786",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"neutropenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
3133,
3144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69787",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"vomiting"
],
"offsets": [
[
3439,
3447
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69788",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"leucopenia"
],
"offsets": [
[
3207,
3217
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69789",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma ( LUX-Lung 3"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69790",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"LUX-Lung 6"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
119
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69791",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69792",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"adenocarcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69793",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=345"
],
"offsets": [
[
543,
548
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69794",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=364"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
573
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69795",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"345"
],
"offsets": [
[
545,
548
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69796",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with EGFR"
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
291
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69797",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"229 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
2885,
2897
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69798",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"239 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
2931,
2943
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69799",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with del19 EGFR mutations"
],
"offsets": [
[
3655,
3689
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69800",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with Leu858Arg EGFR mutations"
],
"offsets": [
[
3720,
3758
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69801 | 25594611 | [
{
"id": "69802",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Exploring the role of tanezumab as a novel treatment for the relief of neuropathic pain . OBJECTIVE Evaluate efficacy and safety of tanezumab , a humanized monoclonal antibody against nerve growth factor , in neuropathic pain . DESIGN Two randomized controlled trials . SUBJECTS Patients with pain due to diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DPN ) or postherpetic neuralgia ( PHN ) . METHODS In the DPN study , patients received subcutaneous tanezumab 20 mg or placebo on Day 1 and Week 8 . Evaluations included change from baseline in average DPN pain ( primary endpoint ) , Patient 's Global Assessment of DPN , and safety ( including neuropathy assessments ) . Due to a partial clinical hold limiting enrollment and treatment duration , the prespecified landmark analysis was modified post hoc from Week 16 to Week 8 . In the PHN study , patients received intravenous tanezumab 50 μg/kg , tanezumab 200 μg/kg , or placebo on Day 1 . Evaluations included change from baseline in average daily pain ( primary endpoint ) , Brief Pain Inventory-short form , Patient 's Global Assessment of pain from PHN , and safety . RESULTS Mean DPN pain reduction from baseline to Week 8 was greater with tanezumab vs placebo ( P = 0.009 ) ; differences in Patient 's Global Assessment of DPN were not significant ( P > 0.05 ) . Neither tanezumab dose resulted in significant differences vs placebo in efficacy in PHN ( P > 0.05 ) , although tanezumab 200 μg/kg provided some benefit . Neuropathy assessments showed no meaningful changes . CONCLUSIONS Tanezumab provided effective pain reduction in DPN . In PHN , only the highest tanezumab dose reduced pain ; treatment differences were not significant . No new safety concerns were observed despite preexisting neuropathy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1757
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69803",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tanezumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69804",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tanezumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69805",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tanezumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69806",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
457,
464
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69807",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tanezumab"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69808",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"Mean DPN pain reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1122,
1145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69809",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69810",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"neuropathic pain ."
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69811",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"neuropathic pain ."
],
"offsets": [
[
71,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69812",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"diabetic peripheral neuropathy ( DPN"
],
"offsets": [
[
305,
341
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69813",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"despite preexisting neuropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1725,
1755
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69814 | 25612845 | [
{
"id": "69815",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Pharmacokinetic study between a bilayer matrix fentalyl patch and a monolayer matrix fentanyl patch : single dose administration in healthy volunteers . AIMS Transdermal fentanyl is a well established treatment for cancer pain . The aim of the present study is to assess the relative bioavailability of fentanyl from two different transdermal systems by evaluating plasma drug concentrations after single administration of Fentalgon® ( test ) , a novel bilayer matrix type patch , and Durogesic SMAT ( reference ) , a monolayer matrix type patch . In the Fentalgon patch the upper 6 % fentanyl reservoir layer maintains a stable concentration gradient between the lower 4 % donor layer and the skin . The system provides a constant drug delivery over 72 h. METHODS This was an open label , single centre , randomized , single dose , two period crossover clinical trial , that included 36 healthy male volunteers . The patches were applied to non-irritated and non-irradiated skin on the intraclavicular pectoral area . Blood samples were collected at different time points ( from baseline to 120 h post-removal of the devices ) and fentanyl concentrations were determined using a validated LC/MS/MS method . Bioequivalence was to be claimed if the 90 % confidence interval of AUC ( 0 , t ) and C ( max ) ratios ( test : reference ) were within the acceptance range of 80-125 % and 75-133 % , respectively . RESULTS The 90 % confidence intervals of the AUC ( 0 , t ) ratio ( 116.3 % [ 109.6 , 123.4 % ] ) and C ( max ) ratio ( 114.4 % [ 105.8 , 123.8 % ] were well included in the acceptance range and the C ( max ) ratio also met the narrower bounds of 80-125 % . There was no relevant difference in overall safety profiles of the two preparations investigated , which were adequately tolerated , as expected for opioid-naïve subjects . CONCLUSIONS The new bilayer matrix type patch , Fentalgon® , is bioequivalent to the monolayer matrix type Durogesic SMAT fentanyl patch with respect to the rate and extent of exposure of fentanyl ( Eudra/CT no . 2005-000046-36 ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2068
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69816",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bilayer matrix fentalyl patch and a monolayer matrix fentanyl patch"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69817",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Transdermal fentanyl"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69818",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"fentanyl"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69819",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"AUC ( 0 , t ) ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
1452,
1471
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69820",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"acceptance range"
],
"offsets": [
[
1348,
1364
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69821",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"C ( max ) ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
1294,
1309
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69822",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tolerated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1785,
1794
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69823",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
885,
887
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69824",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male volunteers"
],
"offsets": [
[
896,
911
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69825 | 25616941 | [
{
"id": "69826",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hepatic cytoprotective effect of ischemic and anesthetic preconditioning before liver resection when using intermittent vascular inflow occlusion : a randomized clinical trial . BACKGROUND Ischemic preconditioning ( IPC ) and anesthetic preconditioning ( APC ) have been reported to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion ( IR ) injury after liver resection under continuous inflow occlusion . This study evaluates whether these strategies enhance hepatic protection of remnant liver against IR after liver resection with intermittent clamping ( INT ) . METHODS A total of 106 patients without underlying liver disease and submitted to liver resection using INT were randomized into 3 groups : IPC ( 10 minutes of inflow occlusion followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion before liver transection ) , APC ( sevoflurane administration for 20 minutes before liver transection ) , and INT ( no preconditioning ) . Patients were also stratified according to the extent of the hepatectomy . Cytoprotection was evaluated by comparing hepatocyte and endothelial dysfunction markers , apoptosis , histologic lesions , and postoperative outcome . RESULTS No differences were observed in preoperative chemotherapy and steatosis , total warm ischemia time , operative time , or blood loss . Kinetics of transaminases ( aspartate aminotransferase , P = .137 ; alanine aminotransferase , P = .616 ) , bilirubin ( P = .980 ) , and hyaluronic acid increase ( P = .514 ) revealed no differences . Significant apoptosis was present in 40 % of patients , mild-to-moderate leukocyte infiltration and steatosis in 45 % and 55 % , respectively , and mild sinusoidal congestion in 65 % , with a similar distribution in the 3 groups . When patients were stratified by major versus minor resections , no differences were observed in any of the variables studied . Postoperative clinical outcomes were also similar . CONCLUSION These results suggest that these protocols of IPC and APC used in this study do not provide better cytoprotection from IR when INT is used ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2032
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69827",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"ischemic"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69828",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"anesthetic preconditioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69829",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Ischemic preconditioning ( IPC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
189,
221
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69830",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"anesthetic preconditioning ( APC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
260
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69831",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"intermittent clamping ( INT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
514,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69832",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"IPC ( 10 minutes of inflow occlusion followed by 10 minutes of reperfusion before liver transection )"
],
"offsets": [
[
686,
787
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69833",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"APC ( sevoflurane administration for 20 minutes before liver transection )"
],
"offsets": [
[
790,
864
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69834",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"INT ( no preconditioning )"
],
"offsets": [
[
871,
897
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69835",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"IPC"
],
"offsets": [
[
216,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69836",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"APC"
],
"offsets": [
[
255,
258
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69837",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"INT"
],
"offsets": [
[
538,
541
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69838",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Cytoprotection"
],
"offsets": [
[
975,
989
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69839",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"comparing hepatocyte and endothelial dysfunction markers , apoptosis , histologic lesions , and postoperative outcome"
],
"offsets": [
[
1007,
1124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69840",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"preoperative chemotherapy and steatosis , total warm ischemia time , operative time , or blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
1167,
1266
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69841",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Kinetics of transaminases"
],
"offsets": [
[
1269,
1294
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69842",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"bilirubin"
],
"offsets": [
[
1377,
1386
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69843",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"hyaluronic acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
1406,
1421
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69844",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Significant apoptosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1470,
1491
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69845",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mild-to-moderate leukocyte infiltration and steatosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1526,
1579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69846",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mild sinusoidal congestion"
],
"offsets": [
[
1618,
1644
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69847",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"liver resection with intermittent clamping ( INT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
493,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69848",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"106 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
565,
577
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69849",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"liver disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69850 | 25617202 | [
{
"id": "69851",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of self-collection of HPV DNA offered by community health workers at home visits on uptake of screening for cervical cancer ( the EMA study ) : a population-based cluster-randomised trial . BACKGROUND Control of cervical cancer in developing countries has been hampered by a failure to achieve high screening uptake . HPV DNA self-collection could increase screening coverage , but implementation of this technology is difficult in countries of middle and low income . We investigated whether offering HPV DNA self-collection during routine home visits by community health workers could increase cervical screening . METHODS We did a population-based cluster-randomised trial in the province of Jujuy , Argentina , between July 1 , 2012 , and Dec 31 , 2012 . Community health workers were eligible for the study if they scored highly on a performance score , and women aged 30 years or older were eligible for enrolment by the community health worker . 200 community health workers were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group ( offered women the chance to self-collect a sample for cervical screening during a home visit ) or the control group ( advised women to attend a health clinic for cervical screening ) . The primary outcome was screening uptake , measured as the proportion of women having any HPV screening test within 6 months of the community health worker visit . Analysis was by intention to treat . This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT02095561 . FINDINGS 100 community health workers were randomly allocated to the intervention group and 100 were assigned to the control group ; nine did not take part . 191 participating community health workers ( 94 in the intervention group and 97 in the control group ) initially contacted 7650 women ; of 3632 women contacted by community health workers in the intervention group , 3049 agreed to participate ; of 4018 women contacted by community health workers in the control group , 2964 agreed to participate . 2618 ( 86 % ) of 3049 women in the intervention group had any HPV test within 6 months of the community health worker visit , compared with 599 ( 20 % ) of 2964 in the control group ( risk ratio 4·02 , 95 % CI 3·44-4·71 ) . INTERPRETATION Offering self-collection of samples for HPV testing by community health workers during home visits resulted in a four-fold increase in screening uptake , showing that this strategy is effective to improve cervical screening coverage . This intervention reduces women 's barriers to screening and results in a substantial and rapid increase in coverage . Our findings suggest that HPV testing could be extended throughout Argentina and in other countries to increase cervical screening coverage . FUNDING Instituto Nacional del Cáncer ( Argentina ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2817
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69852",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"self-collection of HPV DNA"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69853",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"HPV DNA self-collection"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69854",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"HPV DNA self-collection"
],
"offsets": [
[
325,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69855",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"intervention group ( offered women the chance to self-collect a sample for cervical screening during a home visit )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1042,
1157
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69856",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control group ( advised women to attend a health clinic for cervical screening )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1165,
1245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69857",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"uptake of screening for cervical cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69858",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"screening uptake ."
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
324
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69859",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"screening coverage"
],
"offsets": [
[
364,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69860",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cervical screening ."
],
"offsets": [
[
603,
623
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69861",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"screening uptake"
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
322
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69862",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"HPV screening test"
],
"offsets": [
[
1338,
1356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69863",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"HPV test"
],
"offsets": [
[
2091,
2099
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69864",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"screening uptake"
],
"offsets": [
[
306,
322
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69865",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cervical screening coverage"
],
"offsets": [
[
2473,
2500
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69866",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"reduces women 's barriers to screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
2521,
2559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69867",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"and rapid increase in coverage"
],
"offsets": [
[
2589,
2619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69868",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"increase cervical screening coverage"
],
"offsets": [
[
2725,
2761
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69869",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"countries of middle and low income"
],
"offsets": [
[
439,
473
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69870",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"province of Jujuy , Argentina"
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
719
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69871",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
875
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69872",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged 30 years or older"
],
"offsets": [
[
876,
898
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69873",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"200"
],
"offsets": [
[
960,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69874",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"191"
],
"offsets": [
[
1679,
1682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69875",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"94"
],
"offsets": [
[
1724,
1726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69876",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"97"
],
"offsets": [
[
1757,
1759
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69877",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"7650"
],
"offsets": [
[
1803,
1807
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69878",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
875
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69879",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"3632"
],
"offsets": [
[
1819,
1823
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69880",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
875
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69881",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"3049"
],
"offsets": [
[
1896,
1900
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69882",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"4018"
],
"offsets": [
[
1928,
1932
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69883",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"2964"
],
"offsets": [
[
2000,
2004
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69884 | 25619686 | [
{
"id": "69885",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Three-Arm Randomized Phase III Trial : Quality Aloe and Placebo Cream Versus Powder as Skin Treatment During Breast Cancer Radiation Therapy . BACKGROUND The efficacy of aloe extract in reducing radiation-induced skin injury is controversial . The purpose of the present 3-arm randomized trial was to test the efficacy of quality-tested aloe extract in reducing the severity of radiation-induced skin injury and , secondarily , to examine the effect of a moist cream versus a dry powder skin care regimen . MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 248 patients with breast cancer were randomized to powder , aloe cream , or placebo cream . Acute skin toxicity was scored weekly and after treatment at weeks 1 , 2 , and 4 using a modified 10-point Catterall scale . The patients scored their symptom severity using a 6-point Likert scale and kept an acute phase diary . RESULTS The aloe formulation did not reduce acute skin toxicity or symptom severity . Patients with a greater body mass index were more likely to develop acute skin toxicity . A similar pattern of increased skin reaction toxicity occurred with both study creams compared with the dry powder regimen . CONCLUSION No evidence was found to support prophylactic application of quality aloe extract or cream to improve the symptoms or reduce the skin reaction severity . Our results support a dry skin care regimen of powder during radiation therapy ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1407
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69886",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"Aloe and Placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
47,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69887",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Powder"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69888",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aloe extract"
],
"offsets": [
[
170,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69889",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"moist cream"
],
"offsets": [
[
455,
466
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69890",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dry powder skin care regimen ."
],
"offsets": [
[
476,
506
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69891",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"powder , aloe cream"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69892",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo cream ."
],
"offsets": [
[
616,
631
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69893",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"aloe extract"
],
"offsets": [
[
170,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69894",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Breast Cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
122
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69895",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"248"
],
"offsets": [
[
540,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69896",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"breast cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
558,
571
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69897 | 25622776 | [
{
"id": "69898",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Using behavioral economics to predict opioid use during prescription opioid dependence treatment . BACKGROUND Research grounded in behavioral economics has previously linked addictive behavior to disrupted decision-making and reward-processing , but these principles have not been examined in prescription opioid addiction , which is currently a major public health problem . This study examined whether pre-treatment drug reinforcement value predicted opioid use during outpatient treatment of prescription opioid addiction . METHODS Secondary analyses examined participants with prescription opioid dependence who received 12 weeks of buprenorphine-naloxone and counseling in a multi-site clinical trial ( N=353 ) . Baseline measures assessed opioid source and indices of drug reinforcement value , including the total amount and proportion of income spent on drugs . Weekly urine drug screens measured opioid use . RESULTS Obtaining opioids from doctors was associated with lower pre-treatment drug spending , while obtaining opioids from dealers/patients was associated with greater spending . Controlling for demographics , opioid use history , and opioid source frequency , patients who spent a greater total amount ( OR=1.30 , p < .001 ) and a greater proportion of their income on drugs ( OR=1.31 , p < .001 ) were more likely to use opioids during treatment . CONCLUSIONS Individual differences in drug reinforcement value , as indicated by pre-treatment allocation of economic resources to drugs , reflects propensity for continued opioid use during treatment among individuals with prescription opioid addiction . Future studies should examine disrupted decision-making and reward-processing in prescription opioid users more directly and test whether reinforcer pathology can be remediated in this population ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1822
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69899",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"buprenorphine-naloxone"
],
"offsets": [
[
637,
659
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69900",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"counseling"
],
"offsets": [
[
664,
674
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69901",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"opioid use"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69902",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"indices of drug reinforcement value"
],
"offsets": [
[
763,
798
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69903",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Weekly urine drug screens"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
895
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69904",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"disrupted decision-making"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
221
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69905",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"reward-processing"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69906",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"during prescription opioid dependence treatment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
98
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69907",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"participants with prescription opioid dependence who received 12 weeks of buprenorphine-naloxone and counseling in a multi-site clinical trial"
],
"offsets": [
[
563,
705
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69908",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"N=353"
],
"offsets": [
[
708,
713
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69909",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"individuals with prescription opioid addiction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1576,
1622
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69910 | 25623276 | [
{
"id": "69911",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effects of stimulation of the autonomic nervous system via perioperative nutrition on postoperative ileus and anastomotic leakage following colorectal surgery ( SANICS II trial ) : a study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND Postoperative ileus and anastomotic leakage are important complications following colorectal surgery associated with short-term morbidity and mortality . Previous experimental and preclinical studies have shown that a short intervention with enriched enteral nutrition dampens inflammation via stimulation of the autonomic nervous system and thereby reduces postoperative ileus . Furthermore , early administration of enteral nutrition reduced anastomotic leakage . This study will investigate the effect of nutritional stimulation of the autonomic nervous system just before , during and early after colorectal surgery on inflammation , postoperative ileus and anastomotic leakage . METHODS/DESIGN This multicenter , prospective , double-blind , randomized controlled trial will include 280 patients undergoing colorectal surgery . All patients will receive a selfmigrating nasojejunal tube that will be connected to a specially designed blinded tubing system . Patients will be allocated either to the intervention group , receiving perioperative nutrition , or to the control group , receiving no nutrition . The primary endpoint is postoperative ileus . Secondary endpoints include anastomotic leakage , local and systemic inflammation , ( aspiration ) pneumonia , surgical complications classified according to Clavien-Dindo , quality of life , gut barrier integrity and time until functional recovery . Furthermore , a cost-effectiveness analysis will be performed . DISCUSSION Activation of the autonomic nervous system via perioperative enteral feeding is expected to dampen the local and systemic inflammatory response . Consequently , postoperative ileus will be reduced as well as anastomotic leakage . The present study is the first to investigate the effects of enriched nutrition given shortly before , during and after surgery in a clinical setting . TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT02175979 - date of registration : 25 June 2014 . Dutch Trial Registry : NTR4670 - date of registration : 1 August 2014 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2291
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69912",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"perioperative nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69913",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"selfmigrating nasojejunal tube"
],
"offsets": [
[
1123,
1153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69914",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"receiving perioperative nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
1287,
1320
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69915",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"receiving no nutrition"
],
"offsets": [
[
1349,
1371
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69916",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postoperative ileus"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69917",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anastomotic leakage"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69918",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anastomotic leakage"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69919",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postoperative ileus"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69920",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anastomotic leakage"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69921",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"local and systemic inflammation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1470,
1501
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69922",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"( aspiration ) pneumonia"
],
"offsets": [
[
1504,
1528
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69923",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"surgical complications classified according to"
],
"offsets": [
[
1531,
1577
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69924",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Clavien-Dindo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1578,
1591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69925",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1594,
1609
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69926",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"gut barrier integrity and time until functional recovery"
],
"offsets": [
[
1612,
1668
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69927",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"local and systemic inflammatory response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1849,
1889
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69928",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"postoperative ileus"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69929",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anastomotic leakage"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
133
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69930",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"280 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1050,
1062
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69931",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"colorectal surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
144,
162
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69932 | 25629971 | [
{
"id": "69933",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The effect of power asymmetries on cooperation and punishment in a prisoner 's dilemma game . Recent work has suggested that punishment is detrimental because punishment provokes retaliation , not cooperation , resulting in lower overall payoffs . These findings may stem from the unrealistic assumption that all players are equal : in reality individuals are expected to vary in the power with which they can punish defectors . Here , we allowed strong players to interact with weak players in an iterated prisoner 's dilemma game with punishment . Defecting players were most likely to switch to cooperation if the partner cooperated : adding punishment yielded no additional benefit and , under some circumstances , increased the chance that the partner would both defect and retaliate against the punisher . Our findings show that , in a two-player game , cooperation begets cooperation and that punishment does not seem to yield any additional benefits . Further work should explore whether strong punishers might prevail in multi-player games ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1050
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69934",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"cooperation and punishment"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69935",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"prisoner 's dilemma game"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69936",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"punishment"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69937",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"iterated prisoner 's dilemma game with punishment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
549
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69938",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"punishment"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
61
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69939",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"two-player game"
],
"offsets": [
[
842,
857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69940",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cooperation and punishment in a prisoner 's dilemma game"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69941",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cooperation"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69942",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"power asymmetries"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69943",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"iterated prisoner 's dilemma game"
],
"offsets": [
[
498,
531
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69944 | 25640884 | [
{
"id": "69945",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Reducing cancer screening disparities in medicare beneficiaries through cancer patient navigation . Significant racial disparities in cancer mortality are seen between Medicare beneficiaries . A randomized controlled trial tested the use of lay navigators ( care managers ) to increase cancer screening of Asian and Pacific Islander Medicare beneficiaries . The study setting was Moloka'i General Hospital on the island of Moloka'i , Hawai'i , which was one of six sites participating in the Cancer Prevention and Treatment Demonstration sponsored by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services . Between 2006 and 2009 , 488 Medicare beneficiaries ( 45 % Hawaiian , 35 % Filipino , 11 % Japanese , 8 % other ) were randomized to have a navigator help them access cancer screening services ( experimental condition , n = 242 ) or cancer education ( control condition , n = 246 ) . Self-reported data on screening participation were collected at baseline and exit from the study , and differences were tested using chi-square . Groups were similar in demographic characteristics and baseline screening prevalence of breast , cervical , prostate , and colorectal cancers . At study exit , 57.0 % of women in the experimental arm and 36.4 % of controls had had a Papanicolaou test in the past 24 months ( P = .001 ) , 61.7 % of women in the experimental arm and 42.4 % of controls had had a mammogram in the past 12 months ( P = .003 ) , 54.4 % of men in the experimental arm and 36.0 % of controls had had a prostate-specific antigen test in the past 12 months ( P = .008 ) , and 43.0 % of both sexes in the experimental arm and 27.2 % of controls had had a flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy in the past 5 years ( P < .001 ) . Findings suggest that navigation services can increase cancer screening in Medicare beneficiaries in groups with significant disparities ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1869
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69946",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"cancer patient navigation"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69947",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lay navigators ( care managers ) to increase cancer screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
302
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69948",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"navigator help them access cancer screening services ( experimental condition"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
816
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69949",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"cancer education"
],
"offsets": [
[
832,
848
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69950",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"baseline"
],
"offsets": [
[
947,
955
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69951",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"navigation services"
],
"offsets": [
[
1753,
1772
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69952",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cancer screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69953",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"cancer mortality"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
150
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69954",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cancer screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69955",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Self-reported data on screening participation"
],
"offsets": [
[
883,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69956",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Papanicolaou test"
],
"offsets": [
[
1262,
1279
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69957",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"mammogram"
],
"offsets": [
[
1390,
1399
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69958",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"prostate-specific antigen test in the past 12 months"
],
"offsets": [
[
1508,
1560
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69959",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy in the past 5 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1658,
1715
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69960",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"cancer screening"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69961",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cancer patient navigation"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69962",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"488 Medicare beneficiaries"
],
"offsets": [
[
624,
650
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69963",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"45 % Hawaiian"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
666
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69964",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"35 % Filipino"
],
"offsets": [
[
669,
682
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69965",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"11 % Japanese"
],
"offsets": [
[
685,
698
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69966",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"8 % other"
],
"offsets": [
[
701,
710
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69967 | 25643864 | [
{
"id": "69968",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized Controlled Trial of Mind Reading and In Vivo Rehearsal for High-Functioning Children with ASD . This randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of a computer software ( i.e. , Mind Reading ) and in vivo rehearsal treatment on the emotion decoding and encoding skills , autism symptoms , and social skills of 43 children , ages 7-12 years with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder ( HFASD ) . Children in treatment ( n = 22 ) received the manualized protocol over 12 weeks . Primary analyses indicated significantly better posttest performance for the treatment group ( compared to controls ) on 3 of the 4 measures of emotion decoding and encoding and these were maintained at 5-week follow-up . Analyses of secondary measures favored the treatment group for 1 of the 2 measures ; specifically , ASD symptoms were significantly lower at posttest and follow-up ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
885
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69969",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Mind Reading"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69970",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"In Vivo Rehearsal"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69971",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"computer software"
],
"offsets": [
[
168,
185
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69972",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"vivo rehearsal treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
217,
241
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69973",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"emotion decoding and encoding skills , autism symptoms , and social skills"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
323
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69974",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"indicated significantly better posttest performance"
],
"offsets": [
[
515,
566
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69975",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"High-Functioning"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69976",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Children"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69977",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69978",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"43"
],
"offsets": [
[
327,
329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69979",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
330,
338
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69980",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"ages 7-12 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
341,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69981",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"high-functioning autism spectrum disorder ( HFASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
411
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
69982 | 25644279 | [
{
"id": "69983",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized trial of interferon- and ribavirin-free ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir in treatment-experienced hepatitis C virus-infected patients . UNLABELLED Approximately 2 million Japanese individuals are infected with hepatitis C virus and are at risk for cirrhosis , end-stage liver disease , and hepatocellular carcinoma . Patients in whom interferon ( IFN ) /ribavirin ( RBV ) therapy has failed remain at risk as effective therapeutic options are limited . This phase 2 , randomized , open-label study evaluated an IFN- and RBV-free regimen of once-daily ombitasvir ( ABT-267 ) , an NS5A inhibitor , plus paritaprevir ( ABT-450 ) , an NS3/4A protease inhibitor dosed with ritonavir ( paritaprevir/ritonavir ) , in pegylated IFN/RBV treatment-experienced Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus subtype 1b or genotype 2 infection . Patients without cirrhosis ( aged 18-75 years ) with subtype 1b infection received ombitasvir 25 mg plus paritaprevir/ritonavir 100/100 mg or 150/100 mg for 12 or 24 weeks ; patients with genotype 2 infection received ombitasvir 25 mg plus paritaprevir/ritonavir 100/100 mg or 150/100 mg for 12 weeks . Sustained virologic response ( SVR ) at posttreatment week 24 ( SVR24 ) was the primary endpoint . Adverse events were collected throughout the study . One hundred ten patients received ≥1 dose of study medication . In the subtype 1b cohort , SVR24 rates were high ( 88.9 % -100 % ) regardless of paritaprevir dose or treatment duration . In the genotype 2 cohort , SVR24 rates were 57.9 % and 72.2 % with 100 mg and 150 mg of paritaprevir , respectively . The SVR24 rate was higher in patients with subtype 2a ( 90 % ) than 2b ( 27 % ) . Concordance between SVR12 and SVR24 was 100 % . The most common adverse events overall were nasopharyngitis ( 29 % ) and headache ( 14 % ) . CONCLUSION In this difficult-to-treat population of patients in whom prior pegylated IFN/RBV had failed , ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir demonstrated potent antiviral activity with a favorable safety profile among Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b or 2a infection ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2110
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "69984",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon-"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69985",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ribavirin-free ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69986",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"interferon ( IFN"
],
"offsets": [
[
346,
362
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69987",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"/ribavirin ( RBV )"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69988",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN- and RBV-free"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
540
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69989",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ombitasvir ( ABT-267 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
563,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69990",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NS5A inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
591,
605
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69991",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"paritaprevir ( ABT-450 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
613,
637
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69992",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"NS3/4A protease inhibitor"
],
"offsets": [
[
643,
668
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69993",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ritonavir ( paritaprevir/ritonavir )"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
716
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69994",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IFN/RBV"
],
"offsets": [
[
732,
739
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69995",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ombitasvir 25 mg plus paritaprevir/ritonavir"
],
"offsets": [
[
923,
967
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69996",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ombitasvir 25 mg plus paritaprevir/ritonavir 100/100 mg or 150/100 mg"
],
"offsets": [
[
923,
992
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69997",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Sustained virologic response ( SVR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1143,
1179
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69998",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cohort , SVR24 rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1377,
1397
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "69999",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cohort , SVR24 rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1377,
1397
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70000",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SVR24"
],
"offsets": [
[
1207,
1212
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70001",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"between SVR12 and SVR24"
],
"offsets": [
[
1694,
1717
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70002",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"were nasopharyngitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1769,
1789
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70003",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"and headache"
],
"offsets": [
[
1799,
1811
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70004",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"treatment-experienced hepatitis C virus-infected patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
88,
147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70005",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hepatitis C virus subtype 1b or genotype 2 infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
785,
837
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70006",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Patients without cirrhosis ( aged 18-75 years )"
],
"offsets": [
[
840,
887
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70007",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with genotype 2 infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
1014,
1048
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70008",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One hundred ten patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1295,
1319
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70009",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"this difficult-to-treat population of patients in whom prior pegylated IFN/RBV had failed"
],
"offsets": [
[
1837,
1926
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70010",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"among Japanese patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b or 2a infection"
],
"offsets": [
[
2034,
2108
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70011 | 25644584 | [
{
"id": "70012",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial of treatment withdrawal in psoriatic arthritis ( REmoval of treatment for patients in REmission in psoriatic ArThritis ( RETREAT ( F ) ) . TNF therapy is effective for all aspects of psoriatic disease , but these drugs are costly and the long-term effects are unknown . Further , methotrexate causes concern with long-term adverse events . The purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility of drug withdrawal from patients with psoriatic arthritis , in stable low disease state . We examined the availability of patients , their willingness to participate , study procedures , and the proportion of patients in the withdrawal arm who relapsed during the study . Low disease state was defined by minimal disease activity criteria ( MDA ) , and relapse by failure to achieve these criteria . Patients in the withdrawal group underwent a phased withdrawal of medication where the last treatment added was the first withdrawn . Assessments were monthly for 3 months before study exit . Seventy-two patients were invited to participate , of which 57 were found to be eligible . Twenty-six ( 36.1 % ) subsequently attended the screening visit but 9 failed eligibility criteria so that 17 patients ( 29.8 % of the 57 eligible patients , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 18.4 , 43.4 % ) were randomised at a ratio of 2:1 in favour of the withdrawal arm ( 11 withdrawals , 6 standard care ) . Six patients experienced a flare , all of whom were in the withdrawal arm ( relapse rate 54.6 % , 95 % CI 23.4 , 83.3 % ) . Four of the flares were apparent from visit 3 ( 8 weeks after starting withdrawal ) . Given the high relapse rate , an alternative trial design of partial treatment withdrawal , possibly including a patient preference arm , is recommended ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1811
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70013",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"drug withdrawal"
],
"offsets": [
[
457,
472
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70014",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawal arm"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
693
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70015",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"phased withdrawal of medication"
],
"offsets": [
[
899,
930
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70016",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawn"
],
"offsets": [
[
976,
985
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70017",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawal arm"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
693
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70018",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawal arm"
],
"offsets": [
[
679,
693
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70019",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"withdrawal )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1642,
1654
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70020",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"test the feasibility"
],
"offsets": [
[
433,
453
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70021",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"availability of patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
560,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70022",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"their willingness to participate"
],
"offsets": [
[
587,
619
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70023",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"study procedures"
],
"offsets": [
[
622,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70024",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"the proportion of patients in the withdrawal arm who relapsed"
],
"offsets": [
[
645,
706
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70025",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Assessments"
],
"offsets": [
[
988,
999
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70026",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"flare"
],
"offsets": [
[
1474,
1479
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70027",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"relapse rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1523,
1535
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70028",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"psoriatic arthritis"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
100
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70029",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with psoriatic arthritis , in stable low disease state ."
],
"offsets": [
[
478,
543
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70030",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy-two"
],
"offsets": [
[
1046,
1057
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70031",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"57"
],
"offsets": [
[
1106,
1108
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70032 | 2564725 | [
{
"id": "70033",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Esmolol versus verapamil in the acute treatment of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter . The effects of esmolol , an ultrashort-acting beta blocker , and verapamil were compared in controlling ventricular response in 45 patients with atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter , in a randomized , parallel , open-label study . Patients with either new onset ( less than 48 hours , n = 31 ) or old onset ( greater than 48 hours , n = 14 ) of atrial fibrillation or flutter with rapid ventricular rate were stratified to receive esmolol ( n = 21 ) or verapamil ( n = 24 ) . Drug efficacy was measured by ventricular rate reduction and conversion to sinus rhythm . The heart rate declined with esmolol from 139 to 100 beats/min ( p less than 0.001 ) and with verapamil from 142 to 97 beats/min ( p less than 0.001 ) . Fifty percent of esmolol-treated patients with new onset of arrhythmias converted to sinus rhythm , whereas only 12 % of those who received verapamil converted ( p less than 0.03 ) . Mild hypotension was observed in both treatment groups . Esmolol compares favorably with verapamil with respect to both efficacy and safety in acutely decreasing ventricular response during atrial fibrillation or flutter . Moreover , conversion to sinus rhythm is significantly more likely with esmolol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1299
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70034",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70035",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70036",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
106,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70037",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70038",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
106,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70039",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70040",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
106,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70041",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70042",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"esmolol-treated"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
844
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70043",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70044",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
7
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70045",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"verapamil"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70046",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"esmolol"
],
"offsets": [
[
106,
113
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70047",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ventricular response"
],
"offsets": [
[
195,
215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70048",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Drug efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
569,
582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70049",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ventricular rate reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
599,
625
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70050",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"conversion to sinus rhythm ."
],
"offsets": [
[
630,
658
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70051",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"heart rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
663,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70052",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"converted to sinus rhythm"
],
"offsets": [
[
884,
909
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70053",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Mild hypotension"
],
"offsets": [
[
995,
1011
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70054",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy and safety"
],
"offsets": [
[
1115,
1134
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70055",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"acutely decreasing ventricular response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1138,
1177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70056",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"conversion to sinus rhythm"
],
"offsets": [
[
630,
656
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70057",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"atrial fibrillation"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70058",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"45"
],
"offsets": [
[
219,
221
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70059",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"31"
],
"offsets": [
[
382,
384
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70060",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"14"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
432
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70061 | 25648577 | [
{
"id": "70062",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Baseline distribution of participants with depression and impaired quality of life in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial . BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated the psychosocial effect of heart failure in patients with reduced ejection fraction . However , the effects on patients with preserved ejection fraction have not yet been elucidated . This study aimed to determine the baseline characteristics of participants with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction as it relates to impaired quality of life ( QOL ) and depression , identify predictors of poor QOL and depression , and determine the correlation between QOL and depression . METHODS AND RESULTS Among patients enrolled in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial ( TOPCAT ) , 3400 patients completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire , 3395 patients completed European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale , and 1431 patients in United States and Canada completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 . The mean summary score on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire was 54.8 , and on European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale , it was 60.3 ; 27 % of patients had moderate to severe depression . Factors associated with better Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale via multiple logistic regression analysis were American region , older age , no history of angina pectoris or asthma , no use of hypoglycemic agent , more activity level , and lower New York Heart Association class . Factors associated with depression via multiple logistic regression analysis included younger age , female sex , comorbid angina , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , use of a hypoglycemic agent , lower activity level , higher New York Heart Association class , and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use . There were significant correlations between each of the QOL scores and depression . CONCLUSIONS Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction , who were younger had higher New York Heart Association class or comorbid angina pectoris , had lower activity levels , lived in Eastern Europe or were taking hypoglycemic agents , were more likely to have impaired QOL and depression . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL : http : //www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier : NCT00094302 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2429
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70063",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Aldosterone Antagonist Trial ( TOPCAT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
828,
867
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70064",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70065",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire"
],
"offsets": [
[
898,
938
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70066",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70067",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1063,
1095
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70068",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire"
],
"offsets": [
[
898,
938
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70069",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70070",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire"
],
"offsets": [
[
898,
938
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70071",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"European QOL 5D Visual Analog Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
965,
1000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70072",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"QOL scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
1990,
2000
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70073",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70074",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70075",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"impaired quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70076",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with reduced ejection fraction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
273,
314
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70077",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"heart failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
256,
269
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70078",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"preserved ejection fraction"
],
"offsets": [
[
354,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70079",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial ( TOPCAT"
],
"offsets": [
[
779,
865
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70080",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"3400 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
870,
883
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70081",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"heart failure"
],
"offsets": [
[
256,
269
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70082",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"younger"
],
"offsets": [
[
1705,
1712
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70083",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"impaired QOL and depression"
],
"offsets": [
[
2298,
2325
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70084 | 25656334 | [
{
"id": "70085",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized controlled trial of guided self-help for improving the experience of caring for carers of clients with depression . AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive behaviour therapy guided self-help manual for enhancing the experience of caregiving of family carers of individuals with depression . BACKGROUND The prevalence of depression is increasing markedly in Thailand . While primary carers give most of the support for individuals with depression , they receive little support from mental health services in this critical role . DESIGN A randomized controlled trial . METHOD Carers were randomized to guided self-help ( n = 27 ) , while the control group received standard information and support ( n = 27 ) . Both groups also received a short weekly telephone call . Participants were assessed at three time points ; the outcome measure was the Experience of Caregiving Inventory . A doubly multivariate analysis of variance ( anova ) procedure , including between-group and within-group factors , was implemented . Fieldwork was from October 2007-May 2008 . RESULTS Fifty-four carers completed the study and intent-to-treat analyses were undertaken . The findings showed there was a significant reduction in the total negative experience of caring , from baseline to post-treatment , in the intervention group recipients of the manual compared with the control group and treatment effects were maintained at one-month follow-up . Similarly , a significant improvement in the total positive experience of caring occurred , from baseline to post-treatment , in the intervention group in contrast with the control group and these outcomes were sustained at one-month follow-up . CONCLUSION Guided self-help strengthen carers ' positive and reduces their negative , experience of caring . The study contributes to the limited evidence base about this approach in a developing country such as Thailand ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1921
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70086",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"guided self-help"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70087",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"cognitive behaviour therapy guided self-help manual"
],
"offsets": [
[
168,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70088",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"guided self-help"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70089",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"control group received standard information and support"
],
"offsets": [
[
662,
717
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70090",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"short weekly telephone call"
],
"offsets": [
[
759,
786
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70091",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Caregiving Inventory"
],
"offsets": [
[
881,
901
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70092",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Guided self-help"
],
"offsets": [
[
1710,
1726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70093",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"experience of caring for carers"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
99
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70094",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"experience of caregiving of family carers"
],
"offsets": [
[
238,
279
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70095",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total negative experience of caring"
],
"offsets": [
[
1235,
1270
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70096",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"total positive experience of caring"
],
"offsets": [
[
1498,
1533
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70097",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"experience of caring"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70098",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n = 27"
],
"offsets": [
[
641,
647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70099",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"( n = 27"
],
"offsets": [
[
639,
647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70100",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-four carers"
],
"offsets": [
[
1089,
1106
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70101 | 25659440 | [
{
"id": "70102",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Reducing blood loss in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty : combined intravenous-intra-articular tranexamic acid administration . A prospective randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND We asked whether tranexamic acid ( TXA ) administration could reduce blood loss and blood transfusion requirements after simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty ( TKA ) . This study examined the role of a novel method of TXA administration in TKA . METHODS TXA was administered as a bolus dose of 15 mg/kg 10 min before the inflation of the tourniquet on the first side . This was followed by intra-articular administration of 3 grams at 10 min before the deflation of the tourniquet . IV infusion of 10 mg/kg/h was continued for 3h following completion on the second side . We measured volume of drained blood 48 h postoperatively , decrease in hemoglobin levels 12h postoperatively , amount of blood transfused ( BT ) , and number of patients requiring allogenic BT . RESULTS Median postoperative volume of drained blood was lower in the group receiving TXA ( 500.00 mL ) than in control subjects ( 900.00 mL ) ( p < 0.05 ) [ 95 % CI ( -525.00 ) to ( -300.00 ) ] . The median hemoglobin decrease 12 h postoperatively was lower in patients receiving TXA ( 2.10 g/dL ) than in control subjects ( 3.10 g/dL ) ( p < 0.05 ) [ 95 % CI ( -1.60 ) to ( -0.60 ) ] . The amount of BT and number of patients requiring BT were lower in patients receiving TXA than in control subjects . Nevertheless , the number of allogeneic units of packed red blood cells transfused in the postoperative period was not significantly higher in the control group than in the TXA group ( p=0.109 ) [ 95 % CI ( 0.101 ) to ( 0.117 ) ] . CONCLUSIONS This prospective randomized study showed that during simultaneous bilateral TKA , TXA reduced blood loss with negligible side effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1858
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70103",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tranexamic acid"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70104",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"tranexamic acid ( TXA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
214,
237
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70105",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TXA was administered as a bolus dose"
],
"offsets": [
[
461,
497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70106",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intra-articular administration"
],
"offsets": [
[
597,
627
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70107",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"IV infusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
701
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70108",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TXA"
],
"offsets": [
[
232,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70109",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"TXA"
],
"offsets": [
[
232,
235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70110",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70111",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood loss and blood transfusion requirements"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
311
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70112",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"volume of drained blood 48 h postoperatively , decrease in hemoglobin levels 12h postoperatively , amount of blood transfused ( BT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
791,
923
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70113",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"number of patients requiring allogenic BT ."
],
"offsets": [
[
930,
973
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70114",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"volume of drained blood"
],
"offsets": [
[
791,
814
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70115",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"median hemoglobin decrease 12 h postoperatively"
],
"offsets": [
[
1175,
1222
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70116",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"amount of BT and number of patients requiring BT"
],
"offsets": [
[
1366,
1414
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70117",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"packed red blood cells transfused"
],
"offsets": [
[
1528,
1561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70118",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70119",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"side effects ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1844,
1858
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70120",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70121",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty ( TKA )"
],
"offsets": [
[
318,
372
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70122 | 25659828 | [
{
"id": "70123",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of adjunctive zonisamide treatment on weight and body mass index in children with partial epilepsy . BACKGROUND Zonisamide has been associated with weight loss in children and adults . AIMS OF THE STUDY To assess the effects of adjunctive zonisamide on weight and body mass index ( BMI ) in children with partial epilepsy . METHODS A subanalysis was conducted of a Phase III trial and extension study , in which children with partial epilepsy received adjunctive zonisamide ( target dose 8 mg/kg/day ; maximum 500 mg/day ) . Changes in weight were correlated with skeletal development and sexual maturation . RESULTS Overall , 179 children ( 93 male , 86 female ; age 6-18 years ) received zonisamide ( mean duration 370.6 days ) . Weight loss ≥ 5 % was reported for 64 of 179 ( 35.8 % ) zonisamide-treated children . Of these , 46.9 % were overweight/obese at study entry , compared with 23.4 % at study end ( P = 0.0007 ) ; 48.4 % had normal weight at study entry , compared with 65.6 % at study end ( P = 0.03 ) . Three patients were underweight at study entry , and four more became underweight by study end . No consistent correlations between weight loss and skeletal development or sexual maturation were observed . CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-third of children treated with zonisamide experienced ≥ 5 % weight loss . Weight loss was most apparent in children with high baseline BMI values and did not appear to be associated with any consistent effects on growth and development ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1498
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70124",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"zonisamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70125",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Zonisamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
120,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70126",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"zonisamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70127",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"adjunctive zonisamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70128",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"zonisamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
32
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70129",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"weight and body mass index"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70130",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70131",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"weight and body mass index ( BMI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
261,
295
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70132",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70133",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Weight loss ≥ 5 %"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
757
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70134",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"were overweight/obese"
],
"offsets": [
[
844,
865
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70135",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"normal weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
945,
958
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70136",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"were underweight"
],
"offsets": [
[
1040,
1056
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70137",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"became underweight"
],
"offsets": [
[
1088,
1106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70138",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"between weight loss and skeletal development or sexual maturation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1149,
1214
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70139",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"experienced ≥ 5 % weight loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
1303,
1332
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70140",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Weight"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
746
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70141",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70142",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"partial epilepsy"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70143",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"weight loss"
],
"offsets": [
[
156,
167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70144",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70145",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70146",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70147",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"179"
],
"offsets": [
[
635,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70148",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70149",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"93"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
652
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70150",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
653,
657
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70151",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"86"
],
"offsets": [
[
660,
662
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70152",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
663,
669
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70153",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"age 6-18 years )"
],
"offsets": [
[
672,
688
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70154 | 25660225 | [
{
"id": "70155",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lung cancer diagnosis and staging with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration compared with conventional approaches : an open-label , pragmatic , randomised controlled trial . BACKGROUND The diagnosis and staging of lung cancer is an important process that identifies treatment options and guides disease prognosis . We aimed to assess endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration as an initial investigation technique for patients with suspected lung cancer . METHODS In this open-label , multicentre , pragmatic , randomised controlled trial , we recruited patients who had undergone a CT scan and had suspected stage I to IIIA lung cancer , from six UK centres and randomly assigned them to either endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration ( EBUS-TBNA ) or conventional diagnosis and staging ( CDS ) , for further investigation and staging . If a target node could not be accessed by EBUS-TBNA , then endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration ( EUS-FNA ) was allowed as an alternative procedure . Randomisation was stratified according to the presence of mediastinal lymph nodes measuring 1 cm or more in the short axis and by recruiting centre . We used a telephone randomisation method with permuted blocks of four generated by a computer . Because of the nature of the intervention , masking of participants and consenting investigators was not possible . The primary endpoint was the time-to-treatment decision after completion of the diagnostic and staging investigations and analysis was by intention-to-diagnose . This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov , number NCT00652769 . FINDINGS Between June 10 , 2008 , and July 4 , 2011 , we randomly allocated 133 patients to treatment : 66 to EBUS-TBNA and 67 to CDS ( one later withdrew consent ) . Two patients from the EBUS-TBNA group underwent EUS-FNA . The median time to treatment decision was shorter with EBUS-TBNA ( 14 days ; 95 % CI 14-15 ) than with CDS ( 29 days ; 23-35 ) resulting in a hazard ratio of 1·98 , ( 1·39-2·82 , p < 0·0001 ) . One patient in each group had a pneumothorax from a CT-guided biopsy sample ; the patient from the CDS group needed intercostal drainage and was admitted to hospital . INTERPRETATION Transbronchial needle aspiration guided by endobronchial ultrasound should be considered as the initial investigation for patients with suspected lung cancer , because it reduces the time to treatment decision compared with conventional diagnosis and staging techniques . FUNDING UK Medical Research Council ."
],
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[
0,
2586
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}
] | [
{
"id": "70156",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration"
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"offsets": [
[
39,
103
]
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"normalized": []
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{
"id": "70157",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration"
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"offsets": [
[
39,
103
]
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"normalized": []
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{
"id": "70158",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70159",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"conventional diagnosis and staging"
],
"offsets": [
[
829,
863
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70160",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration"
],
"offsets": [
[
973,
1024
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70161",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"time-to-treatment decision"
],
"offsets": [
[
1470,
1496
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70162",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"median time to treatment decision"
],
"offsets": [
[
1904,
1937
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70163",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"pneumothorax"
],
"offsets": [
[
2126,
2138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70164",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Lung cancer diagnosis"
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"offsets": [
[
0,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70165",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with suspected lung cancer ."
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
506
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70166",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lung cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
242,
253
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70167",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"133 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1751,
1763
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70168",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"66"
],
"offsets": [
[
1779,
1781
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70169",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"67"
],
"offsets": [
[
1799,
1801
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70170",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"for patients with suspected lung cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
465,
504
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70171 | 25668435 | [
{
"id": "70172",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Oxytocin increases eye contact during a real-time , naturalistic social interaction in males with and without autism . Autism spectrum conditions ( autism ) affect ~1 % of the population and are characterized by deficits in social communication . Oxytocin has been widely reported to affect social-communicative function and its neural underpinnings . Here we report the first evidence that intranasal oxytocin administration improves a core problem that individuals with autism have in using eye contact appropriately in real-world social settings . A randomized double-blind , placebo-controlled , within-subjects design is used to examine how intranasal administration of 24 IU of oxytocin affects gaze behavior for 32 adult males with autism and 34 controls in a real-time interaction with a researcher . This interactive paradigm bypasses many of the limitations encountered with conventional static or computer-based stimuli . Eye movements are recorded using eye tracking , providing an objective measurement of looking patterns . The measure is shown to be sensitive to the reduced eye contact commonly reported in autism , with the autism group spending less time looking to the eye region of the face than controls . Oxytocin administration selectively enhanced gaze to the eyes in both the autism and control groups ( transformed mean eye-fixation difference per second=0.082 ; 95 % CI:0.025-0.14 , P=0.006 ) . Within the autism group , oxytocin has the most effect on fixation duration in individuals with impaired levels of eye contact at baseline ( Cohen 's d=0.86 ) . These findings demonstrate that the potential benefits of oxytocin in autism extend to a real-time interaction , providing evidence of a therapeutic effect in a key aspect of social communication ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1780
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70173",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Oxytocin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70174",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Oxytocin"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70175",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intranasal oxytocin"
],
"offsets": [
[
391,
410
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70176",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
597
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70177",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70178",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"with and without autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
93,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70179",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Autism spectrum conditions ( autism )"
],
"offsets": [
[
119,
156
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70180",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"individuals with autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
455,
478
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70181",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"32"
],
"offsets": [
[
719,
721
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70182",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70183",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
110,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70184 | 25670026 | [
{
"id": "70185",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1816
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70186",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Biofeedback Therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70187",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Biofeedback therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
120
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70188",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"BF treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
485,
497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70189",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"biofeedback"
],
"offsets": [
[
662,
673
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70190",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"wait-list control groups ."
],
"offsets": [
[
677,
703
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70191",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"biofeedback treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
815,
836
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70192",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Effect of Biofeedback Therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
28,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70193",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
458,
497
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70194",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"headache intensity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
871,
891
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70195",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
932,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70196",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
","
],
"offsets": [
[
194,
195
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70197",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
955,
962
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70198",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
", irritation"
],
"offsets": [
[
963,
975
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70199",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"headache-related disability"
],
"offsets": [
[
978,
1005
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70200",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack"
],
"offsets": [
[
1014,
1071
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70201",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"headache of at least moderate intensity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1079,
1118
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70202",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"RESULTS Headache intensity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1141,
1167
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70203",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
1391,
1399
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70204",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"frequency of days when headache"
],
"offsets": [
[
1435,
1466
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70205",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"headache-related disability"
],
"offsets": [
[
978,
1005
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70206",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
932,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70207",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"depression , anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
1567,
1587
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70208",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"psychological stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
932,
952
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70209",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"one"
],
"offsets": [
[
576,
579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70210",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
580,
584
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70211",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"26"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70212",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"female"
],
"offsets": [
[
592,
598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70213",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"migraine"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
183
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70214 | 25670541 | [
{
"id": "70215",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy ( HART ) of 70.6 Gy with concurrent 5-FU/Mitomycin C is superior to HART of 77.6 Gy alone in locally advanced head and neck cancer : long-term results of the ARO 95-06 randomized phase III trial . PURPOSE To report the long-term results of the ARO 95-06 randomized trial comparing hyperfractionated accelerated chemoradiation with mitomycin C/5-fluorouracil ( C-HART ) with hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy ( HART ) alone in locally advanced head and neck cancer . PATIENTS AND METHODS The primary endpoint was locoregional control ( LRC ) . Three hundred eighty-four patients with stage III ( 6 % ) and IV ( 94 % ) oropharyngeal ( 59.4 % ) , hypopharyngeal ( 32.3 % ) , and oral cavity ( 8.3 % ) cancer were randomly assigned to 30 Gy/2 Gy daily followed by twice-daily 1.4 Gy to a total of 70.6 Gy concurrently with mitomycin C/5-FU ( C-HART ) or 16 Gy/2 Gy daily followed by twice-daily 1.4 Gy to a total dose of 77.6 Gy alone ( HART ) . Statistical analyses were done with the log-rank test and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses . RESULTS The median follow-up time was 8.7 years ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] : 7.8-9.7 years ) . At 10 years , the LRC rates were 38.0 % ( C-HART ) versus 26.0 % ( HART , P=.002 ) . The cancer-specific survival and overall survival rates were 39 % and 10 % ( C-HART ) versus 30.0 % and 9 % ( HART , P=.042 and P=.049 ) , respectively . According to multivariate Cox regression analysis , the combined treatment was associated with improved LRC ( hazard ratio [ HR ] : 0.6 [ 95 % CI : 0.5-0.8 ; P=.002 ] ) . The association between combined treatment arm and increased LRC appeared to be limited to oropharyngeal cancer ( P=.003 ) as compared with hypopharyngeal or oral cavity cancer ( P=.264 ) . CONCLUSIONS C-HART remains superior to HART in terms of LRC . However , this effect may be limited to oropharyngeal cancer patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1951
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70216",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy ( HART"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70217",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"5-FU/Mitomycin C"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
100
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70218",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"HART"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70219",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mitomycin C/5-fluorouracil ( C-HART )"
],
"offsets": [
[
379,
416
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70220",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"hyperfractionated accelerated radiation therapy ( HART ) alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
422,
484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70221",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"RESULTS The median follow-up"
],
"offsets": [
[
1116,
1144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70222",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"10 years , the"
],
"offsets": [
[
1221,
1235
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70223",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"P=.002"
],
"offsets": [
[
1292,
1298
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70224",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"The cancer-specific survival and overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
1303,
1352
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70225",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"associated with improved"
],
"offsets": [
[
1536,
1560
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70226",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"and increased"
],
"offsets": [
[
1675,
1688
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70227",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"in terms"
],
"offsets": [
[
1862,
1870
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70228",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"locally advanced head and neck cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70229",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"locally advanced head and neck cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70230",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Three hundred eighty-four patients with stage III"
],
"offsets": [
[
605,
654
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70231",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"limited to oropharyngeal cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
1708,
1739
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70232 | 25673113 | [
{
"id": "70233",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of sodium and potassium supplementation on blood pressure and arterial stiffness : a fully controlled dietary intervention study . We performed a randomised , placebo-controlled , crossover study to examine the effects of sodium and potassium supplementation on blood pressure ( BP ) and arterial stiffness in untreated ( pre ) hypertensive individuals . During the study , subjects were on a fully controlled diet that was relatively low in sodium and potassium . After a 1-week run-in period , subjects received capsules with supplemental sodium ( 3 g d ( -1 ) , equals 7.6 g d ( -1 ) of salt ) , supplemental potassium ( 3 g d ( -1 ) ) or placebo , for 4 weeks each , in random order . Fasting office BP , 24-h ambulatory BP and measures of arterial stiffness were assessed at baseline and every 4 weeks . Of 37 randomized subjects , 36 completed the study . They had a mean pre-treatment BP of 145/81 mm Hg and 69 % had systolic BP ⩾140 mm Hg . Sodium excretion was increased by 98 mmol per 24 h and potassium excretion by 63 mmol per 24 h during active interventions , compared with placebo . During sodium supplementation , office BP was significantly increased by 7.5/3.3 mm Hg , 24-h BP by 7.5/2.7 mm Hg and central BP by 8.5/3.6 mm Hg . During potassium supplementation , 24-h BP was significantly reduced by 3.9/1.6 mm Hg and central pulse pressure by 2.9 mm Hg . Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index were not significantly affected by sodium or potassium supplementation . In conclusion , increasing the intake of sodium caused a substantial increase in BP in subjects with untreated elevated BP . Increased potassium intake , on top of a relatively low-sodium diet , had a beneficial effect on BP . Arterial stiffness did not materially change during 4-week interventions with sodium or potassium ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1824
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70234",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium and potassium supplementation"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70235",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium and potassium supplementation"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70236",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium"
],
"offsets": [
[
11,
17
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70237",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"supplemental potassium"
],
"offsets": [
[
607,
629
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70238",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
167,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70239",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure and arterial stiffness :"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70240",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"blood pressure ( BP ) and arterial stiffness"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
314
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70241",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"measures of arterial"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
760
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70242",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"pre-treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
886,
899
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70243",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased"
],
"offsets": [
[
978,
987
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70244",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"intake"
],
"offsets": [
[
1529,
1535
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70245",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"blood pressure"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70246",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"arterial stiffness :"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70247",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"blood pressure ( BP )"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
291
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70248",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"arterial stiffness"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70249",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"untreated ( pre ) hypertensive individuals"
],
"offsets": [
[
318,
360
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70250",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"37"
],
"offsets": [
[
820,
822
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70251",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"36"
],
"offsets": [
[
845,
847
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70252",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"sodium caused a substantial increase"
],
"offsets": [
[
1539,
1575
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70253 | 25675062 | [
{
"id": "70254",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized , double-blind controlled trial of lumbar interlaminar epidural injections in central spinal stenosis : 2-year follow-up . BACKGROUND While low back pain is the number one cause of disability in the United States , lumbar spinal stenosis along with intervertebral disc herniation and degenerative spondylolisthesis is one of the 3 most common diagnosis of low back and leg pain for which surgery is performed . Numerous modalities of treatments including drug therapy and complex surgical fusions have been recommended for treatment of central spinal stenosis . Epidural injections are one of the commonly performed nonsurgical interventions in managing central spinal stenosis ; however , there has been paucity of literature in reference to efficacy of epidural injections in managing central spinal stenosis with lumbar interlaminar epidural injections . STUDY DESIGN A randomized , double-blind , active controlled trial . SETTING Private interventional pain management practice and specialty referral center in the United States . OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of lumbar interlaminar epidural injections with or without steroids in providing effective and long-lasting pain relief with improvement in functional status for the management of chronic low back and lower extremity pain related to lumbar central spinal stenosis . METHODS A randomized , double-blind , active-control trial was designed with the inclusion of 120 patients assigned to 2 groups . Group I patients received lumbar interlaminar epidural injections of local anesthetic ( lidocaine 0.5 % ) 6 mL , whereas Group II received lumbar interlaminar epidural injections with local anesthetic ( lidocaine 0.5 % ) 5 mL mixed with 1 mL of steroids and 6 mg of betamethasone . OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT Outcomes were assessed utilizing the numeric pain rating scale ( NRS ) and Oswestry Disability Index ( ODI ) at 3 , 6 , 12 , 18 , and 24 months post treatment . The primary outcome measure was significant improvement , defined as 50 % improvement in pain and disability scores . RESULTS Significant relief and functional status improvement was seen in 72 % and 73 % of patients in Groups I and II at the end of 2 years considering all participants ; however , this was 84 % and 85 % in the successful group . Overall significant improvement was achieved for 65.7 ± 37.3 weeks in Group 1 and 68.9 ± 37.7 weeks in Group II at the end of 2 years when all participants were considered ; whereas , this was 77 ± 27.8 weeks and 77.9 ± 30.2 weeks when they were separated into successful categories . The average number of procedures per patient was 5 to 6 in both groups . LIMITATIONS Limitations of this trial include lack of placebo control group and treatment of patients with multiple procedures over a period of 2 years . CONCLUSION Lumbar interlaminar epidural injections of local anesthetic with or without steroids provide relief in a significant proportion of patients with lumbar central spinal stenosis . CLINICAL TRIAL NCT00681447 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
3023
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70255",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Epidural injections"
],
"offsets": [
[
575,
594
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70256",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"epidural injections"
],
"offsets": [
[
68,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70257",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lumbar interlaminar epidural injections"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
87
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70258",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lumbar interlaminar epidural injections with or without steroids"
],
"offsets": [
[
1090,
1154
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70259",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"lumbar interlaminar epidural injections of local anesthetic ( lidocaine 0.5 % ) 6 mL"
],
"offsets": [
[
1509,
1593
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70260",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Group II received lumbar interlaminar epidural injections with local anesthetic ( lidocaine 0.5 % ) 5 mL mixed with 1 mL of steroids and 6 mg of betamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
1604,
1762
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70261",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"numeric pain rating scale ( NRS"
],
"offsets": [
[
1822,
1853
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70262",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Oswestry Disability Index ( ODI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1860,
1893
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70263",
"type": "Outcome_Pain",
"text": [
"50 % improvement in pain"
],
"offsets": [
[
2015,
2039
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70264",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"disability scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
2044,
2061
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70265",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Significant relief and functional status improvement"
],
"offsets": [
[
2072,
2124
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70266",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lumbar spinal stenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
250
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70267",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"120"
],
"offsets": [
[
1447,
1450
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70268",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lumbar central spinal stenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1320,
1350
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70269 | 25681235 | [
{
"id": "70270",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Assessment of paravalvular aortic regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement : intra-core laboratory variability . BACKGROUND There is significant disparity in the reported incidence of moderate and severe paravalvular aortic regurgitation ( PAR ) between the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves ( PARTNER ) I and PARTNER II trials , which may be related to the echocardiographic methodologies used by separate core laboratories . To further explore the variability in echocardiographic interpretation of PAR , agreement between the grading of PAR by the core laboratory of PARTNER IIB was compared with that by a consortium of echocardiography core laboratory directors . METHODS The PARTNER IIB core laboratory reevaluated patients using primarily the circumferential extent of the regurgitant jet for PAR . A consortium of echocardiography core laboratory directors was formed to evaluate the echocardiographic images and to grade PAR and central and total aortic regurgitation in a randomly chosen subset of the randomized patients in the PARTNER IIB trial using a multiwindow , multiparametric approach . Both a four-class scale ( none or trace , mild , moderate , and severe ) and a seven-class ( none , trace , mild , mild to moderate , moderate , moderate to severe , and severe ) scale were used . Levels of grading agreement between the consortium and original core laboratory in both scales were determined using weighted κ statistics . RESULTS Only 87 patients assessed for PAR by the consortium could be paired with readings by the PARTNER IIB core laboratory . Using the four-class grading scheme the weighted κ statistic for PAR was 0.481 ( 95 % confidence limits , 0.367 , 0.595 ) . Using the seven-class scale , the weighted κ statistic for PAR was 0.517 ( 95 % confidence limits , 0.431 , 0.607 ) . For either grading scheme , 15.9 % of patients graded by the PARTNER IIB core laboratory as having moderate PAR would have been graded as having mild PAR using the multiparametric approach . Similar results were seen for central and total aortic regurgitation assessments . CONCLUSIONS Using primarily the circumferential extent criteria , the PARTNER IIB core laboratory overestimated the severity of PAR compared to the consortium using a multi-parametric approach . Although a more granular classification scheme for PAR may slightly improve concordance between core laboratories , differences in the incidence of moderate or severe PAR are likely related to differences in grading methodology . A multiparametric approach is advocated , and other echocardiographic methods for assessing PAR deserve further study ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2656
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70271",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"transcatheter aortic valve replacement"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70272",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"echocardiographic images"
],
"offsets": [
[
917,
941
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70273",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"paravalvular aortic regurgitation ( PAR )"
],
"offsets": [
[
222,
263
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70274",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PAR ."
],
"offsets": [
[
825,
830
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70275",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
258,
261
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70276",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"for PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
821,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70277",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the weighted κ statistic for PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1632,
1664
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70278",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the weighted κ statistic for PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1632,
1664
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70279",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"moderate PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1937,
1949
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70280",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"mild PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
1983,
1991
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70281",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"for central and total aortic regurgitation"
],
"offsets": [
[
2055,
2097
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70282",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"of PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
529
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70283",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"severe PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
2467,
2477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70284",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"transcatheter aortic valve replacement :"
],
"offsets": [
[
54,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70285",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"moderate and severe paravalvular aortic regurgitation"
],
"offsets": [
[
202,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70286",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves ( PARTNER ) I and PARTNER II trials"
],
"offsets": [
[
276,
352
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70287",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"87"
],
"offsets": [
[
1482,
1484
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70288",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"PAR"
],
"offsets": [
[
258,
261
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70289 | 25690266 | [
{
"id": "70290",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of telephone triage for managing same-day consultation requests in general practice : a cluster randomised controlled trial comparing general practitioner-led and nurse-led management systems with usual care ( the ESTEEM trial ) . BACKGROUND Telephone triage is proposed as a method of managing increasing demand for primary care . Previous studies have involved small samples in limited settings , and focused on nurse roles . Evidence is limited regarding the impact on primary care workload , costs , and patient safety and experience when triage is used to manage patients requesting same-day consultations in general practice . OBJECTIVES In comparison with usual care ( UC ) , to assess the impact of GP-led telephone triage ( GPT ) and nurse-led computer-supported telephone triage ( NT ) on primary care workload and cost , patient experience of care , and patient safety and health status for patients requesting same-day consultations in general practice . DESIGN Pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial , incorporating economic evaluation and qualitative process evaluation . SETTING General practices ( n = 42 ) in four regions of England , UK ( Devon , Bristol/Somerset , Warwickshire/Coventry , Norfolk/Suffolk ) . PARTICIPANTS Patients requesting same-day consultations . INTERVENTIONS Practices were randomised to GPT , NT or UC . Data collection was not blinded ; however , analysis was conducted by a statistician blinded to practice allocation . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary - primary care contacts [ general practice , out-of-hours primary care , accident and emergency ( A & E ) and walk-in centre attendances ] in the 28 days following the index consultation request . Secondary - resource use and costs , patient safety ( deaths and emergency hospital admissions within 7 days of index request , and A & E attendance within 28 days ) , health status and experience of care . RESULTS Of 20,990 eligible randomised patients ( UC n = 7283 ; GPT n = 6695 ; NT n = 7012 ) , primary outcome data were analysed for 16,211 patients ( UC n = 5572 ; GPT n = 5171 ; NT n = 5468 ) . Compared with UC , GPT and NT increased primary outcome contacts ( over 28-day follow-up ) by 33 % [ rate ratio ( RR ) 1.33 , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 1.30 to 1.36 ] and 48 % ( RR 1.48 , 95 % CI 1.44 to 1.52 ) , respectively . Compared with GPT , NT was associated with a marginal increase in primary outcome contacts by 4 % ( RR 1.04 , 95 % CI 1.01 to 1.08 ) . Triage was associated with a redistribution of primary care contacts . Although GPT , compared with UC , increased the rate of overall GP contacts ( face to face and telephone ) over the 28 days by 38 % ( RR 1.38 , 95 % CI 1.28 to 1.50 ) , GP face-to-face contacts were reduced by 39 % ( RR 0.61 , 95 % CI 0.54 to 0.69 ) . NT reduced the rate of overall GP contacts by 16 % ( RR 0.84 , 95 % CI 0.78 to 0.91 ) and GP face-to-face contacts by 20 % ( RR 0.80 , 95 % CI 0.71 to 0.90 ) , whereas nurse contacts increased . The increased rate of primary care contacts in triage arms is largely attributable to increased telephone contacts . Estimated overall patient-clinician contact time on the index day increased in triage ( GPT = 10.3 minutes ; NT = 14.8 minutes ; UC = 9.6 minutes ) , although patterns of clinician use varied between arms . Taking account of both the pattern and duration of primary outcome contacts , overall costs over the 28-day follow-up were similar in all three arms ( approximately £75 per patient ) . Triage appeared safe , and no differences in patient health status were observed . NT was somewhat less acceptable to patients than GPT or UC . The process evaluation identified the complexity associated with introducing triage but found no consistency across practices about what works and what does not work when implementing it . CONCLUSIONS Introducing GPT or NT was associated with a redistribution of primary care workload for patients requesting same-day consultations , and at similar cost to UC . Although triage seemed to be safe , investigation of the circumstances of a larger number of deaths or admissions after triage might be warranted , and monitoring of these events is necessary as triage is implemented . TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN20687662 . FUNDING This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment ; Vol . 19 , No . 13 . See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4573
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70291",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"telephone triage"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70292",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"general practitioner-led and nurse-led management systems"
],
"offsets": [
[
184,
241
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70293",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Telephone triage"
],
"offsets": [
[
292,
308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70294",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"triage"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
69
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70295",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"usual care ( UC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
713,
730
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70296",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"GP-led telephone triage ( GPT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
757,
788
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70297",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"nurse-led computer-supported telephone triage ( NT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
793,
845
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70298",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"GP-led telephone triage ( GPT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
757,
788
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70299",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"nurse-led computer-supported telephone triage ( NT"
],
"offsets": [
[
793,
843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70300",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"20,990"
],
"offsets": [
[
1966,
1972
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70301",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n = 7012"
],
"offsets": [
[
2036,
2044
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70302 | 25691677 | [
{
"id": "70303",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Final Report of the Intergroup Randomized Study of Combined Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Plus Radiotherapy Versus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Alone in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer . PURPOSE We have previously reported that radiotherapy ( RT ) added to androgen-deprivation therapy ( ADT ) improves survival in men with locally advanced prostate cancer . Here , we report the prespecified final analysis of this randomized trial . PATIENTS AND METHODS NCIC Clinical Trials Group PR.3/Medical Research Council PR07/Intergroup T94-0110 was a randomized controlled trial of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer . Patients with T3-4 , N0/Nx , M0 prostate cancer or T1-2 disease with either prostate-specific antigen ( PSA ) of more than 40 μg/L or PSA of 20 to 40 μg/L plus Gleason score of 8 to 10 were randomly assigned to lifelong ADT alone or to ADT+RT . The RT dose was 64 to 69 Gy in 35 to 39 fractions to the prostate and pelvis or prostate alone . Overall survival was compared using a log-rank test stratified for prespecified variables . RESULTS One thousand two hundred five patients were randomly assigned between 1995 and 2005 , 602 to ADT alone and 603 to ADT+RT . At a median follow-up time of 8 years , 465 patients had died , including 199 patients from prostate cancer . Overall survival was significantly improved in the patients allocated to ADT+RT ( hazard ratio [ HR ] , 0.70 ; 95 % CI , 0.57 to 0.85 ; P < .001 ) . Deaths from prostate cancer were significantly reduced by the addition of RT to ADT ( HR , 0.46 ; 95 % CI , 0.34 to 0.61 ; P < .001 ) . Patients on ADT+RT reported a higher frequency of adverse events related to bowel toxicity , but only two of 589 patients had grade 3 or greater diarrhea at 24 months after RT . CONCLUSION This analysis demonstrates that the previously reported benefit in survival is maintained at a median follow-up of 8 years and firmly establishes the role of RT in the treatment of men with locally advanced prostate cancer ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1997
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70304",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Combined Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Plus Radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70305",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Alone"
],
"offsets": [
[
114,
148
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70306",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiotherapy ( RT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
247
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70307",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"androgen-deprivation therapy ( ADT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
257,
293
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70308",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
966,
982
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70309",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Overall survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
966,
982
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70310",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"higher frequency of adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1614,
1648
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70311",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"bowel toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1660,
1674
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70312",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"diarrhea"
],
"offsets": [
[
1729,
1737
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70313",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
315,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70314",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"locally advanced prostate cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
324,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70315",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"NCIC Clinical Trials Group PR.3/Medical Research Council PR07/Intergroup T94-0110"
],
"offsets": [
[
456,
537
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70316",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"advanced prostate cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
332,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70317",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"One thousand two hundred five patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
1066,
1104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70318",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
315,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70319",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"locally advanced prostate cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
324,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70320 | 25694364 | [
{
"id": "70321",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Computer-Assisted Face Processing Instruction Improves Emotion Recognition , Mentalizing , and Social Skills in Students with ASD . This study examined the extent to which a computer-based social skills intervention called FaceSay was associated with improvements in affect recognition , mentalizing , and social skills of school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder ( ASD ) . FaceSay offers students simulated practice with eye gaze , joint attention , and facial recognition skills . This randomized control trial included school-aged children meeting educational criteria for autism ( N = 31 ) . Results demonstrated that participants who received the intervention improved their affect recognition and mentalizing skills , as well as their social skills . These findings suggest that , by targeting face-processing skills , computer-based interventions may produce changes in broader cognitive and social-skills domains in a cost- and time-efficient manner ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
969
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70322",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Computer-Assisted Face Processing Instruction"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70323",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"computer-based social skills intervention called FaceSay"
],
"offsets": [
[
174,
230
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70324",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"FaceSay"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
230
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70325",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Emotion Recognition"
],
"offsets": [
[
55,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70326",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Mentalizing"
],
"offsets": [
[
77,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70327",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"Social Skills"
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70328",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"eye gaze , joint attention , and facial recognition skills ."
],
"offsets": [
[
432,
492
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70329",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"affect recognition and mentalizing skills , as well as their social skills ."
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
766
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70330",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"broader cognitive and social-skills domains"
],
"offsets": [
[
887,
930
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70331",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cost- and time-efficient manner"
],
"offsets": [
[
936,
967
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70332",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Students with ASD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70333",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"school-aged children"
],
"offsets": [
[
323,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70334",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Autism Spectrum Disorder ( ASD ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
349,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70335",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"school-aged children"
],
"offsets": [
[
323,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70336",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
586,
592
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70337 | 25700292 | [
{
"id": "70338",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The nature of placebo response in clinical studies of major depressive disorder . OBJECTIVE To review factors influencing placebo response and clinical trial outcome in depression , and suggest ways to optimize trial success in mood disorders . DATA SOURCES PubMed searches were conducted by cross-referencing the terms depression , depressive with placebo , clinical trial , and clinical trials for studies published in English between 1970 and September 2013 . STUDY SELECTION Relevant abstracts were identified in PubMed , including clinical trials , quantitative studies , and qualitative research . We obtained and reviewed relevant articles and utilized their information to synthesize the present review . DATA EXTRACTION Included articles were grouped in the following areas of relevance : ( 1 ) biological validity of illness , ( 2 ) baseline severity of illness , ( 3 ) chronicity of the index episode of depression , ( 4 ) age of participants , ( 5 ) medical and psychiatric comorbidity , ( 6 ) probability of receiving placebo , ( 7 ) use of prospective treatment phases ( lead-in ) ( 8 ) dosing schedule , ( 9 ) trial duration , ( 10 ) frequency of follow-up assessments , and ( 11 ) study outcome measure . RESULTS Several key elements emerge as critical to the ultimate success of a clinical trial , including the probability of receiving placebo , study duration , dosing schedule , visit frequency , the use of blinded lead-in phases , the use of centralized raters , illness severity and duration , and comorbid anxiety . CONCLUSIONS Our increasing understanding of the placebo response in clinical trials of major depressive disorder lends to a , gradually , more predictable phenomenon and , hopefully , to one that becomes lesser in magnitude and variability . Several elements have emerged that seem to play a critical role in trial success , gradually reshaping the design of clinical , translational , as well as mechanistic studies in depression ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1972
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70339",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70340",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70341",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70342",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"receiving placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1021,
1038
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70343",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70344",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70345",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"probability of receiving placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1006,
1038
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70346",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"study duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
1364,
1378
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70347",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"dosing schedule"
],
"offsets": [
[
1101,
1116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70348",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"visit frequency"
],
"offsets": [
[
1399,
1414
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70349",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the use of blinded lead-in phases"
],
"offsets": [
[
1417,
1450
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70350",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"the use of centralized raters"
],
"offsets": [
[
1453,
1482
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70351",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"illness severity and duration"
],
"offsets": [
[
1485,
1514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70352",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"comorbid anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
1521,
1537
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70353 | 25714521 | [
{
"id": "70354",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Long-term functional outcomes and predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms in the BRAT trial : revisiting the clip vs coil debate . BACKGROUND Acute hydrocephalus is a well-known sequela of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH ) . Controversy exists about whether open microsurgical methods serve to reduce shunt dependency compared with endovascular techniques . OBJECTIVE To determine predictors of shunt-dependent hydrocephalus and functional outcomes after aneurysmal SAH . METHODS A total of 471 patients who were part of a prospective , randomized , controlled trial from 2003 to 2007 were retrospectively reviewed . All variables including demographic data , medical history , treatment , imaging , and functional outcomes were included as part of the trial . No additional variables were retrospectively collected . RESULTS Ultimately , 147 patients ( 31.2 % ) required a ventriculoperitoneal shunt ( VPS ) in our series . Age , dissecting aneurysm type , ruptured vertebrobasilar aneurysm , Fisher grade , Hunt and Hess grade , admission intraventricular hemorrhage , admission intraparenchymal hemorrhage , blood in the fourth ventricle on admission , perioperative ventriculostomy , and hemicraniectomy were significant risk factors ( P < .05 ) associated with shunt-dependent hydrocephalus on univariate analysis . On multivariate analysis , intraventricular hemorrhage and intraparenchymal hemorrhage were independent risk factors for shunt dependency ( P < .05 ) . Clipping vs coiling treatment was not statistically associated with VPS after SAH on both univariate and multivariate analyses . Patients who did not receive a VPS at discharge had higher Glasgow Outcome Scale and Barthel Index scores and were more likely to be functionally independent and to return to work 72 months after surgery ( P < .05 ) . CONCLUSION There is no difference in shunt dependency after SAH among patients treated by endovascular or microsurgical means . Patients in whom shunt-dependent hydrocephalus does not develop after SAH tend to have improved long-term functional outcomes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2139
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70355",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Clipping"
],
"offsets": [
[
1537,
1545
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70356",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"coiling"
],
"offsets": [
[
1549,
1556
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70357",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt-dependent hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70358",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt dependency"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70359",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt-dependent hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70360",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"functional outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70361",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"functional outcomes"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70362",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt-dependent hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70363",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intraventricular hemorrhage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1105,
1132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70364",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intraparenchymal hemorrhage"
],
"offsets": [
[
1145,
1172
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70365",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt dependency"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70366",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Glasgow Outcome Scale"
],
"offsets": [
[
1725,
1746
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70367",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Barthel Index"
],
"offsets": [
[
1751,
1764
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70368",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt dependency"
],
"offsets": [
[
365,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70369",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"shunt-dependent hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70370",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms"
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
128
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70371",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Acute hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
197,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70372",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"471 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
567
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70373",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"part of a prospective , randomized , controlled trial from 2003 to 2007 were retrospectively reviewed"
],
"offsets": [
[
577,
678
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70374",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients treated by endovascular or microsurgical means"
],
"offsets": [
[
1954,
2009
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70375",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"shunt-dependent hydrocephalus"
],
"offsets": [
[
48,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70376 | 25719544 | [
{
"id": "70377",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Mask ventilation with two different face masks in the delivery room for preterm infants : a randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND If an infant fails to initiate spontaneous breathing after birth , international guidelines recommend a positive pressure ventilation ( PPV ) . However , PPV by face mask is frequently inadequate because of leak between the face and mask . Despite a variety of available face masks , none have been prospectively compared in a randomized fashion . We aimed to evaluate and compare leak between two commercially available round face masks ( Fisher & Paykel ( F & P ) and Laerdal ) in preterm infants < 33 weeks gestational age in the delivery room . METHODS Infants born at the Royal Alexandra Hospital from April to September 2013 at < 33 weeks gestational age who received mask PPV in the delivery room routinely had a flow sensor placed between the mask and T-piece resuscitator . Infants were randomly assigned to receive PPV with either a F & P or Laerdal face mask . All resuscitators were trained in the use of both face masks . We compared mask leak , airway pressures , tidal volume and ventilation rate between the two groups . RESULTS Fifty-six preterm infants ( n=28 in each group ) were enrolled ; mean±s.d . gestational age 28±3 weeks ; birth weight 1210±448 g ; and 30 ( 52 % ) were male . Apgar scores at 1 and 5 min were 5±3 and 7±2 , respectively . Infants randomized to the F & P face mask and Laerdal face mask had similar mask leak ( 30 ( 25-38 ) versus 35 ( 24-46 ) % , median ( interquartile range ) , respectively , P=0.40 ) and tidal volume ( 7.1 ( 4.9-8.9 ) versus 6.6 ( 5.2-8.9 ) ml kg ( -1 ) , P=0.69 ) during PPV . There were no significant differences in ventilation rate , inflation time or airway pressures between groups . CONCLUSION The use of either face mask during PPV in the delivery room yields similar mask leak in preterm infants < 33 weeks gestational age ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1931
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70378",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Mask ventilation"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
16
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70379",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"face mask"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70380",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"round face masks"
],
"offsets": [
[
554,
570
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70381",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Fisher & Paykel ( F & P )"
],
"offsets": [
[
573,
598
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70382",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Laerdal"
],
"offsets": [
[
603,
610
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70383",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"PPV with either a F & P"
],
"offsets": [
[
958,
981
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70384",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Laerdal face mask"
],
"offsets": [
[
985,
1002
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70385",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"leak between two commercially available round face masks"
],
"offsets": [
[
514,
570
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70386",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"mask leak"
],
"offsets": [
[
1080,
1089
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70387",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"airway pressures"
],
"offsets": [
[
1092,
1108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70388",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tidal volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
1111,
1123
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70389",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"ventilation rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1128,
1144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70390",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"mask"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70391",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tidal"
],
"offsets": [
[
1111,
1116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70392",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"ventilation rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1128,
1144
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70393",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"inflation time"
],
"offsets": [
[
1736,
1750
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70394",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"airway"
],
"offsets": [
[
1092,
1098
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70395",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"preterm infants :"
],
"offsets": [
[
72,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70396",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"infant fails to initiate spontaneous breathing after birth"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
197
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70397",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"preterm infants < 33 weeks gestational age in the delivery room ."
],
"offsets": [
[
616,
681
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70398",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Infants born at the Royal Alexandra Hospital"
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
734
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70399",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"April to September 2013 at < 33 weeks gestational age who"
],
"offsets": [
[
740,
797
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70400",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
1178,
1187
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70401",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"preterm infants ( n=28 in each group ) were enrolled"
],
"offsets": [
[
1188,
1240
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70402",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"gestational age 28±3 weeks ; birth weight 1210±448 g ; and"
],
"offsets": [
[
1254,
1312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70403",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"30"
],
"offsets": [
[
1313,
1315
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70404",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"( 52 % ) were male"
],
"offsets": [
[
1316,
1334
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70405",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"mask leak in preterm infants < 33 weeks gestational"
],
"offsets": [
[
1874,
1925
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70406 | 25726411 | [
{
"id": "70407",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomized , multicenter , multivendor study of myocardial perfusion imaging with regadenoson CT perfusion vs single photon emission CT. BACKGROUND Myocardial CT perfusion ( CTP ) is a promising tool for the detection of myocardial ischemia . We hypothesize that regadenoson CTP is noninferior to regadenoson single photon emission CT ( SPECT ) for detecting or excluding myocardial ischemia . METHODS Patients ( men ≥ 45 years ; women ≥ 50 years ) with known or suspected coronary artery disease ( n = 124 ) were randomized to 1 of 2 diagnostic sequences : rest and regadenoson SPECT on day 1 , then regadenoson CTP and rest CTP ( and coronary CT angiography [ CTA ] ) ( CTA ; same acquisition ) on day 2 or regadenoson CTP and rest CTP ( and CTA ) on Day 1 , then rest and regadenoson SPECT on day 2 . Scanning platforms included 64- , 128- , 256- , and 320-slice systems . The primary analysis examined the agreement rate between CTP and SPECT for detecting or excluding reversible ischemia in ≥ 2 myocardial segments as assessed by independent , blinded readers . RESULTS Complete and interpretable CTP and SPECT scans were obtained for 110 patients . Regadenoson CTP was noninferior to SPECT for detecting or excluding reversible ischemia with an agreement rate of 0.87 ( 95 % confidence interval [ CI ] , 0.77-0.97 ) and sensitivity and specificity of 0.90 ( 95 % CI , 0.71-1.00 ) and 0.84 ( 95 % CI , 0.77-0.91 ) , respectively . The agreement rate for detecting or excluding ≥ 1 fixed defects by regadenoson CTP and SPECT was 0.86 ( 95 % CI , 0.74-0.98 ) . With SPECT as the reference standard , the diagnostic accuracies for detecting or excluding ischemia by regadenoson CTP and CTA alone were 0.85 ( 95 % CI , 0.78-0.91 ) and 0.69 ( 95 % CI , 0.60-0.77 ) , respectively . CONCLUSIONS This study establishes the noninferiority of regadenoson CTP to SPECT for detecting or excluding myocardial ischemia ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1915
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70408",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"regadenoson CT perfusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70409",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"single photon emission CT."
],
"offsets": [
[
112,
138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70410",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the agreement rate between CTP and SPECT for detecting or excluding reversible ischemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
908,
995
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70411",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"SPECT for detecting or excluding reversible ischemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
943,
995
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70412",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"respectively"
],
"offsets": [
[
1424,
1436
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70413",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"The agreement"
],
"offsets": [
[
1439,
1452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70414",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"excluding ≥ 1 fixed"
],
"offsets": [
[
1475,
1494
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70415",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial ischemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
242
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70416",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial ischemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
242
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70417",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"men"
],
"offsets": [
[
415,
418
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70418",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"45 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
421,
429
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70419",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
432,
437
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70420",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"50 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
440,
448
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70421",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"coronary artery disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
475,
498
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70422",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"124"
],
"offsets": [
[
505,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70423",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"110"
],
"offsets": [
[
1143,
1146
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70424",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"myocardial ischemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
242
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70425 | 25733274 | [
{
"id": "70426",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of finasteride on serum androstenedione and risk of prostate cancer within the prostate cancer prevention trial : differential effect on high- and low-grade disease . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of finasteride on serum androst-4-ene-3,17-dione ( androstenedione ) and its association with prostate cancer risk among subjects who participated in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial . METHODS We analyzed serum androstenedione levels in 317 prostate cancer cases and 353 controls , nested in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial , a randomized placebo-controlled trial that found finasteride decreased prostate cancer risk . Androstenedione is the second most important circulating androgen in men besides testosterone and also a substrate for 5α-reductase enzyme . RESULTS We observed a 22 % increase in androstenedione levels compared with the baseline values in subjects who were treated with finasteride for 3 years . This significant increase did not vary by case-control status . Adjusted odds ratio and 95 % confidence interval for the third tertile of absolute change in androstenedione levels compared with the first tertile were 0.42 ( 95 % confidence interval , 0.19-0.94 ) for low-grade ( Gleason score < 7 ) cases . Similar results were observed when analyzed using percent change . There were no significant associations between serum androstenedione levels and the risk of high-grade disease . CONCLUSION The results of this nested case-control study confirm that finasteride blocks the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone ( DHT ) and of androstenedione to 5α-androstanedione-3,17-dione , which also leads to the reduction of DHT formation . This decrease in DHT may help reduce the risk of low-grade prostate cancer in men . Our data on a differential effect of androstenedione also suggest that some high-grade prostate cancers may not require androgen for progression ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1912
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70427",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"finasteride"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70428",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"finasteride"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70429",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo-controlled"
],
"offsets": [
[
555,
573
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70430",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"finasteride"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70431",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Prostate Cancer"
],
"offsets": [
[
361,
376
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70432",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"317"
],
"offsets": [
[
448,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70433",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"353"
],
"offsets": [
[
478,
481
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70434 | 25744288 | [
{
"id": "70435",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Enhancing the experience of carers in the chemotherapy outpatient setting : an exploratory randomised controlled trial to test impact , acceptability and feasibility of a complex intervention co-designed by carers and staff . PURPOSE Supporting someone through chemotherapy can be emotionally and physically demanding . However , research has yet to establish the type of support carers require or the best way to provide this . This study tested the feasibility and acceptability of a complex intervention for carers that was co-designed by staff and carers of patients starting chemotherapy . METHODS Forty-seven carers were recruited , randomised between the intervention ( n = 24 ) and control ( n = 23 ) groups . A questionnaire was completed pre- and post-intervention measuring knowledge of chemotherapy and its side effects , experience of care , satisfaction with outpatient services , coping and emotional wellbeing . The intervention process was evaluated by carers and healthcare professionals ( HCPs ) in focus groups . RESULTS Recruitment to the study was unproblematic and attrition from it was low , suggesting the intervention and study processes were acceptable to patients and carers . Carers in receipt of the 'Take Care ' intervention reported statistically significantly better understanding of symptoms and side effects and their information needs being more frequently met than carers in the control . Confidence in coping improved between baseline and follow-up for the intervention group and declined for the control although differences were insufficient to achieve statistical significance . There was no significant difference between the two groups ' emotional wellbeing . HCP and carer focus groups confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of the intervention . CONCLUSIONS The 'Take Care ' intervention proved acceptable to carers and HCPs and demonstrates considerable promise and utility in practice . Study findings support the conduct of a fully powered RCT to determine the intervention 's effectiveness and cost-effectiveness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2068
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70436",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"complex intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70437",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70438",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
179,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70439",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
109
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70440",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"questionnaire"
],
"offsets": [
[
720,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70441",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70442",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
54
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70443",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"feasibility and acceptability"
],
"offsets": [
[
451,
480
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70444",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"experience of carers in the chemotherapy outpatient setting :"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70445",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty-seven carers were recruited"
],
"offsets": [
[
603,
636
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70446",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"( n = 24 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
675,
685
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70447",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"control ( n = 23 ) groups"
],
"offsets": [
[
690,
715
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70448 | 25760553 | [
{
"id": "70449",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A possible link between early probiotic intervention and the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders later in childhood : a randomized trial . BACKGROUND Recent experimental evidence suggests that gut microbiota may alter function within the nervous system providing new insight on the mechanism of neuropsychiatric disorders . METHODS Seventy-five infants who were randomized to receive Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( ATCC 53103 ) or placebo during the first 6 mo of life were followed-up for 13 y . Gut microbiota was assessed at the age of 3 wk , 3 , 6 , 12 , 18 , 24 mo , and 13 y using fluorescein in situ hybridization ( FISH ) and qPCR , and indirectly by determining the blood group secretor type at the age of 13 y . The diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and Asperger syndrome ( AS ) by a child neurologist or psychiatrist were based on ICD-10 diagnostic criteria . RESULTS At the age of 13 y , ADHD or AS was diagnosed in 6/35 ( 17.1 % ) children in the placebo and none in the probiotic group ( P = 0.008 ) . The mean ( SD ) numbers of Bifidobacterium species bacteria in feces during the first 6 mo of life was lower in affected children 8.26 ( 1.24 ) log cells/g than in healthy children 9.12 ( 0.64 ) log cells/g ; P = 0.03 . CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation early in life may reduce the risk of neuropsychiatric disorder development later in childhood possible by mechanisms not limited to gut microbiota composition ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1459
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70450",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"probiotic intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70451",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( ATCC 53103 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
383,
424
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70452",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
428,
435
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70453",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"risk of"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70454",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"neuropsychiatric disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70455",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Gut microbiota"
],
"offsets": [
[
494,
508
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70456",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the blood group secretor type"
],
"offsets": [
[
668,
697
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70457",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and Asperger syndrome ( AS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
733,
814
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70458",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"y , ADHD"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
930
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70459",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"AS"
],
"offsets": [
[
810,
812
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70460",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"The mean ( SD ) numbers of Bifidobacterium species bacteria in feces during the first 6 mo of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
1042,
1140
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70461",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"the risk of neuropsychiatric disorder development"
],
"offsets": [
[
1324,
1373
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70462",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"neuropsychiatric disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70463",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"childhood"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70464",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Seventy-five"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
343
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70465",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"infants"
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
351
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70466",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"randomized to receive Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ( ATCC 53103"
],
"offsets": [
[
361,
422
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70467",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"or placebo during the first"
],
"offsets": [
[
425,
452
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70468",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"childhood"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70469 | 2576261 | [
{
"id": "70470",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effect of two monophasic oral contraceptives containing gestodene or desogestrel on serum lipoprotein lipid levels . Forty-nine healthy women aged 20-35 years who had not been pregnant or using an oral contraceptive ( OC ) for the previous 3 months were randomized into two groups , one group taking an OC containing 75 micrograms gestodene ( GTD ) and 30 micrograms ethinyl estradiol ( EE ) , and the other group using an OC with 150 micrograms desogestrel ( DSG ) and 30 micrograms EE . Fasting blood samples were taken before treatment , and after cycles 3 and 6 , between the 18th and the 22nd day of the cycle . Blood lipoprotein lipid levels were measured . Serum total cholesterol did not change significantly in both groups . However , in the first three cycles , serum triglyceride increased by 46 % and 40 % and HDL-cholesterol by 14 % and 8 % in the GTD and DSG groups , respectively . The serum LDL level decreased by 6.2 % and 11.8 % , respectively . Between the third and sixth cycle , no further significant changes were observed , nor did these changes differ significantly between the two groups . In conclusion , both OC preparations exerted small and probably favorable effects on serum lipoprotein lipid levels ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1232
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70471",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"monophasic oral contraceptives"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
44
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70472",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gestodene"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70473",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desogestrel"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70474",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"oral contraceptive ( OC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
197,
222
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70475",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"OC"
],
"offsets": [
[
218,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70476",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"gestodene ( GTD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
331,
348
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70477",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"ethinyl estradiol ( EE )"
],
"offsets": [
[
367,
391
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70478",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"OC"
],
"offsets": [
[
218,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70479",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"desogestrel ( DSG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
446,
465
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70480",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"GTD"
],
"offsets": [
[
343,
346
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70481",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"DSG"
],
"offsets": [
[
460,
463
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70482",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"OC"
],
"offsets": [
[
218,
220
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70483",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Fasting blood samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
489,
510
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70484",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood lipoprotein lipid levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
617,
647
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70485",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Serum total cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
664,
687
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70486",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum triglyceride increased"
],
"offsets": [
[
772,
800
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70487",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"HDL-cholesterol"
],
"offsets": [
[
822,
837
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70488",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"GTD and DSG"
],
"offsets": [
[
861,
872
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70489",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum LDL level"
],
"offsets": [
[
901,
916
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70490",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum lipoprotein lipid levels"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70491",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Forty-nine"
],
"offsets": [
[
117,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70492",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"women"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
141
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70493",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"aged 20-35 years"
],
"offsets": [
[
142,
158
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70494",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"oral contraceptive"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70495 | 25764092 | [
{
"id": "70496",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Lateral MI Explains the Presence of Prominent R Wave ( R ≥ S ) in V1 . AIMS It is necessary to clarify if the presence of a prominent R wave in V1 , in post-myocardial infarction ( MI ) patients , is due to the involvement of the posterior wall ( currently inferobasal segment ) or the lateral wall ( as has been demonstrated recently by electrocardiographic contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance [ ECG-CE-CMR ] correlations studies ) . METHODS In 155 patients with inferolateral zone MI , as detected by CE-CMR , the following ECG parameters were evaluated and correlated with MI location according to CE-CMR : R/S ratio in V1 ≥ 1 ( classic criteria for posterior MI ) , R/S ratio in V1 ≥ 0.5 , and R in V1 ≥ 3 mm . RESULTS R/S ≥ 1 criterion : Present in 20 cases : 3 of lateral MI , 17 of inferolateral MI , 0 of inferior MI . Absent in 135 cases , 81 of lateral/inferolateral MI ( 28/53 ) , 54 of inferior MI ( SE 19.8 % , SP 100 % ) . R/S ≥ 0.5 criterion : Present in 47 cases : 6 of lateral MI , 39 of inferolateral MI , 2 of inferior MI . Absent in 108 cases , 56 of lateral/inferolateral MI ( 25/31 ) , 52 of inferior MI ( SE 44.6 % , SP 96.4 % ) . R ≥ 3 mm criterion : Present in 30 cases : 5 of IM lateral , 23 of inferolateral MI , 2 of inferior MI . Absent in 125 cases , 73 lateral/inferolateral MI ( 26/47 ) , 52 inferior MI ( SE 27.7 % , SP 96.4 % ) . CONCLUSIONS The presence of prominent the R wave in V1 is due to the lateral MI and not to the involvement of inferobasal segment of inferior wall ( old posterior wall ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1544
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70497",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Lateral MI"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
10
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70498",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Prominent R Wave"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70499",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"following ECG parameters"
],
"offsets": [
[
525,
549
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70500",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"to CE-CMR :"
],
"offsets": [
[
607,
618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70501",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"inferobasal segment"
],
"offsets": [
[
257,
276
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70502",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"in post-myocardial infarction ( MI ) patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
149,
194
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70503",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"155 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
455,
467
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70504",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"inferolateral zone MI"
],
"offsets": [
[
473,
494
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70505 | 2577555 | [
{
"id": "70506",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"[ European topic : liver surgery II -- regional chemotherapy ] . The most important methods of regional chemotherapy are exemplified by 657 cases of primary and secondary liver only malignancies . I . Adjuvant portal therapy of the liver with resection of the colorectal primary malignancy seems to be advantageous for advanced tumors . II . It is still unresolved whether survival is prolonged by adjuvant treatment of the liver following curative resection of colorectal liver metastases . III . The median survival time ( FUDR , pump ) is 17 months for palliative local chemotherapy of unresectable colorectal liver metastases . IV . Primary non-resectable liver malignancies show the best results after chemoembolisation ( Frankfurt method ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
747
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70507",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"liver surgery II -- regional chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70508",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"regional chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
39,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70509",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Adjuvant portal therapy of the liver with resection of the colorectal primary malignancy"
],
"offsets": [
[
201,
289
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70510",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"curative resection of colorectal liver metastases"
],
"offsets": [
[
440,
489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70511",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"palliative local chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
556,
585
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70512",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
381
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70513",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"median survival time ( FUDR , pump )"
],
"offsets": [
[
502,
538
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70514",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"657"
],
"offsets": [
[
136,
139
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70515 | 25776840 | [
{
"id": "70516",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Qingre quyu granule stabilizes plaques through inhibiting the expression of tenascin-C in patients with severe carotid stenosis . OBJECTIVE To investigate the therapeutic effects of Qingre Quyu Granule ( QQG ) on the patients with severe carotid stenosis , and to explore the mechanism of it . METHODS Ninety-six patients with severe carotid stenosis were enrolled in the study and were classified into a QQG group ( n=48 ) and a control group ( n=48 ) randomly using consecutively numbered envelopes . The patients in the QQG group were given QQG and Western medicine , those in the control group were given Western medicine merely , the course of treatment was 16 weeks . All patients went through endarterectomy after treatment . Plaques were subjected to the analysis of CD3 , CD68 , soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM-1 ) , matrix metalloprotease-9 ( MMP-9 ) , CD40L , tenascin-C , and collagen content lipid content by immunohistochemistry or polarized light analysis . RESULTS By the end of experiment , the expressions of CD3 , CD68 , ICAM-1 , MMP9 , CD40L and tenascin-C on the plaques were statistically significant lower in the QQG group compared with the control group ( P < 0.01 ) . The lipid content of the plaque was also significantly lower in the QQG group compared with the control group ( P < 0.01 ) . The interstitial collagen in the tissue sections of the plaques was also significantly higher in the QQG group in comparison with the control group ( P < 0.01 ) . CONCLUSION QQG could stabilize carotid artery plaques through inhibiting pro-inflammation factors and restraining the tenascin-C and MMP9 pathway ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1645
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70517",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Qingre Quyu Granule ( QQG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
182,
209
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70518",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70519",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control group"
],
"offsets": [
[
430,
443
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70520",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70521",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70522",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"Western medicine"
],
"offsets": [
[
552,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70523",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"Western medicine"
],
"offsets": [
[
552,
568
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70524",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70525",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70526",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QQG"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70527",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"therapeutic effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70528",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"expressions of CD3 , CD68 , ICAM-1 , MMP9 , CD40L and tenascin-C"
],
"offsets": [
[
1029,
1093
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70529",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lipid content of the plaque"
],
"offsets": [
[
1214,
1241
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70530",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with severe carotid stenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70531",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with severe carotid stenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
90,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70532",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ninety-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
302,
312
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70533",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"with severe carotid stenosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
127
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70534 | 25778317 | [
{
"id": "70535",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Assessment of radiotherapy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma : a prospective study . PURPOSE To explore the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy combined with concurrent combination chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC ) . METHODS Two hundred patients with stage III/IV NPC were randomly allocated into the treatment group ( N=100 ) and the control group ( N=100 ) . Patients in the control group received conventional fractionated radiotherapy , while patients in the treatment group received conventional fractionated radiotherapy combined with concurrent combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU ) . Short-term efficacy , radiotherapy toxicity , shortand long-term survival were compared . RESULTS The short-term response rate of the treatment group was 96 % , which was significantly higher than that of the control group ( 87 % , p < 0.05 ) . The local radiation toxicity of the treatment group was similar to that of the control group p > 0.05 ) , but the hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities were significantly higher in the treatment group p < 0.05 ) . The 1- , 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 87 , 80 , and 76 % , respectively , in the treatment group and 74 , 64 , and 51 % , respectively , in the control group , significantly favoring the treatment group p < 0.05 ) . CONCLUSION Radiotherapy with concurrent combination chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients with advanced NPC but at the cost of significant toxicity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1603
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70536",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70537",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combined with adjuvant chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
27,
62
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70538",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70539",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combined with concurrent combination chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
212,
261
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70540",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"conventional fractionated radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70541",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"conventional fractionated radiotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
523,
561
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70542",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"combined with concurrent combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil ( 5-FU )"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
742
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70543",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Radiotherapy with concurrent combination chemotherapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1452,
1505
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70544",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
187,
195
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70545",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Short-term efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
745,
764
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70546",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"radiotherapy toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
767,
788
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70547",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"shortand long-term survival"
],
"offsets": [
[
791,
818
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70548",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"short-term response"
],
"offsets": [
[
847,
866
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70549",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"local radiation toxicity"
],
"offsets": [
[
994,
1018
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70550",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1104,
1149
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70551",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"overall survival rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1235,
1257
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70552",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prognosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1522,
1531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70553",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"toxicity ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1593,
1603
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70554",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
130
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70555",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC )"
],
"offsets": [
[
282,
337
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70556",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Two hundred patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
348,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70557",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"stage III/IV NPC"
],
"offsets": [
[
374,
390
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70558",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"advanced NPC"
],
"offsets": [
[
1549,
1561
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70559 | 25778837 | [
{
"id": "70560",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Examining the Relationship Between Parental Anxiety and Treatment Response in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Anxiety . In response to the high co-occurrence of anxiety symptoms in youth with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) , several interventions have been developed for this population . In spite of promising findings , some youth with ASD respond only minimally to such interventions . To understand potential factors that may impact treatment response , the current study explores the role of parental anxiety in youth treatment outcome . Thirty-one youth with ASD , ages 7-18 , and their parents participated in the study . Parents completed the State/Trait Anxiety Inventory pre- and post-treatment . Contrary to previous research , there was no correlation between parental anxiety and youth anxiety at baseline or post-treatment . However , parental trait anxiety significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment for parents of treatment responders . The findings are consistent with previous research and suggest a youth-to-parent influence ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1083
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70561",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"State/Trait Anxiety Inventory pre- and post-treatment"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
733
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70562",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"State/Trait Anxiety Inventory"
],
"offsets": [
[
680,
709
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70563",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"parental anxiety and youth anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
801,
835
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70564",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"parental trait anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
878,
900
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70565",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Children and Adolescents"
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
102
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70566",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Autism Spectrum Disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
108,
132
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70567",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"youth with ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
356,
370
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70568",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Thirty-one"
],
"offsets": [
[
572,
582
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70569",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"youth"
],
"offsets": [
[
208,
213
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70570",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"ages 7-18"
],
"offsets": [
[
600,
609
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70571 | 25791707 | [
{
"id": "70572",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of clinical treatment of otospongiosis : a pilot study . OBJECTIVES To evaluate the applicability of magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) as a method for monitoring the activity of otospongiotic lesions before and after clinical treatment . STUDY DESIGN Prospective , randomized , controlled , double-blind study . SETTING One single tertiary care institution in a large , cosmopolitan city . METHODS Twenty-six patients ( n = 42 ears ) with clinical , audiometric , and tomographic diagnosis of otosclerosis were enrolled . If computed tomography ( CT ) demonstrated active lesions , these patients underwent MRI to detect otospongiotic foci , seen as areas of gadolinium enhancement . Patients were divided into 3 groups and received treatment with placebo , sodium alendronate , or sodium fluoride for 6 months . After this period , clinical and audiometric evaluations and a second MRI were performed . Each MRI was evaluated by both a neuroradiologist and an otolaryngologist in a subjective ( visual ) and objective ( using specific eFilm Workstation software ) manner . RESULTS Otospongiosis was most predominantly identified in the region anterior to the oval window , and this site was reliable for comparing pre- and posttreatment scans . The patients in the alendronate and sodium fluoride groups had MRI findings that suggested a decrease in activity of otospongiotic lesions , more relevant in the alendronate group . These findings were statistically significant for both subjective and objective MRI evaluations . CONCLUSIONS MRI shows higher sensitivity than clinical or audiometric assessment for detecting reduction in activity of otospongiosis . The objective MRI evaluation based on software analysis was the most accurate method of monitoring clinical treatment response in otospongiosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1853
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70573",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Magnetic resonance imaging"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
26
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70574",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70575",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"computed tomography"
],
"offsets": [
[
571,
590
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70576",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70577",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
794,
801
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70578",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium alendronate"
],
"offsets": [
[
804,
822
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70579",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sodium fluoride"
],
"offsets": [
[
828,
843
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70580",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70581",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70582",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70583",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70584",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
175,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70585",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"otospongiosis :"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70586",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty-six"
],
"offsets": [
[
444,
454
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70587",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n = 42 ears"
],
"offsets": [
[
466,
477
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70588",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"otosclerosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
539,
551
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70589 | 25795413 | [
{
"id": "70590",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Selective insulin resistance in homeostatic and cognitive control brain areas in overweight and obese adults . OBJECTIVE Impaired brain insulin action has been linked to obesity , type 2 diabetes , and neurodegenerative diseases . To date , the central nervous effects of insulin in obese humans still remain ill defined , and no study thus far has evaluated the specific brain areas affected by insulin resistance . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 25 healthy lean and 23 overweight/obese participants , we performed magnetic resonance imaging to measure cerebral blood flow ( CBF ) before and 15 and 30 min after application of intranasal insulin or placebo . Additionally , participants explicitly rated pictures of high-caloric savory and sweet food 60 min after the spray for wanting and liking . RESULTS In response to insulin compared with placebo , we found a significant CBF decrease in the hypothalamus in both lean and overweight/obese participants . The magnitude of this response correlated with visceral adipose tissue independent of other fat compartments . Furthermore , we observed a differential response in the lean compared with the overweight/obese group in the prefrontal cortex , resulting in an insulin-induced CBF reduction in lean participants only . This prefrontal cortex response significantly correlated with peripheral insulin sensitivity and eating behavior measures such as disinhibition and food craving . Behaviorally , we were able to observe a significant reduction for the wanting of sweet foods after insulin application in lean men only . CONCLUSIONS Brain insulin action was selectively impaired in the prefrontal cortex in overweight and obese adults and in the hypothalamus in participants with high visceral adipose tissue , potentially promoting an altered homeostatic set point and reduced inhibitory control contributing to overeating behavior ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1890
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70591",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"magnetic resonance imaging"
],
"offsets": [
[
516,
542
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70592",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"intranasal insulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
646
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70593",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
657
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70594",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"insulin"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
17
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70595",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
650,
657
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70596",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"cerebral blood flow ( CBF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
554,
581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70597",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CBF"
],
"offsets": [
[
576,
579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70598",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"insulin-induced CBF reduction"
],
"offsets": [
[
1217,
1246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70599",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"peripheral insulin sensitivity"
],
"offsets": [
[
1337,
1367
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70600",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"eating behavior"
],
"offsets": [
[
1372,
1387
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70601",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"wanting of sweet foods"
],
"offsets": [
[
1509,
1531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70602",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"overweight and obese"
],
"offsets": [
[
81,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70603",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
108
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70604",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"25"
],
"offsets": [
[
448,
450
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70605",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"23"
],
"offsets": [
[
468,
470
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70606 | 25795561 | [
{
"id": "70607",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Offering personalized health behavior feedback did not increase response rate : a randomized controlled trial ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
111
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70608",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"personalized health behavior feedback"
],
"offsets": [
[
9,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70609",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
64,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70610 | 25797097 | [
{
"id": "70611",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The neural correlates of semantic richness : evidence from an fMRI study of word learning . We investigated the neural correlates of concrete nouns with either many or few semantic features . A group of 21 participants underwent two days of training and were then asked to categorize 40 newly learned words and a set of matched familiar words as living or nonliving in an MRI scanner . Our results showed that the most reliable effects of semantic richness were located in the left angular gyrus ( AG ) and middle temporal gyrus ( MTG ) , where activation was higher for semantically rich than poor words . Other areas showing the same pattern included bilateral precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus . Our findings support the view that AG and anterior MTG , as part of the multimodal network , play a significant role in representing and integrating semantic features from different input modalities . We propose that activation in bilateral precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus reflects interplay between AG and episodic memory systems during semantic retrieval ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1071
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70612",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"training"
],
"offsets": [
[
241,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70613",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"matched familiar words as living or nonliving in an MRI scanner"
],
"offsets": [
[
320,
383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70614",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"most reliable effects of semantic richness"
],
"offsets": [
[
414,
456
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70615",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"located in the left angular gyrus ( AG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
462,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70616",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"middle temporal gyrus ( MTG )"
],
"offsets": [
[
507,
536
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70617",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"integrating semantic features"
],
"offsets": [
[
842,
871
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70618",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"21"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
205
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70619 | 25798575 | [
{
"id": "70620",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Safety and benefit of discontinuing statin therapy in the setting of advanced , life-limiting illness : a randomized clinical trial . IMPORTANCE For patients with limited prognosis , some medication risks may outweigh the benefits , particularly when benefits take years to accrue ; statins are one example . Data are lacking regarding the risks and benefits of discontinuing statin therapy for patients with limited life expectancy . OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety , clinical , and cost impact of discontinuing statin medications for patients in the palliative care setting . DESIGN , SETTING , AND PARTICIPANTS This was a multicenter , parallel-group , unblinded , pragmatic clinical trial . Eligibility included adults with an estimated life expectancy of between 1 month and 1 year , statin therapy for 3 months or more for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease , recent deterioration in functional status , and no recent active cardiovascular disease . Participants were randomized to either discontinue or continue statin therapy and were monitored monthly for up to 1 year . The study was conducted from June 3 , 2011 , to May 2 , 2013 . All analyses were performed using an intent-to-treat approach . INTERVENTIONS Statin therapy was withdrawn from eligible patients who were randomized to the discontinuation group . Patients in the continuation group continued to receive statins . MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes included death within 60 days ( primary outcome ) , survival , cardiovascular events , performance status , quality of life ( QOL ) , symptoms , number of nonstatin medications , and cost savings . RESULTS A total of 381 patients were enrolled ; 189 of these were randomized to discontinue statins , and 192 were randomized to continue therapy . Mean ( SD ) age was 74.1 ( 11.6 ) years , 22.0 % of the participants were cognitively impaired , and 48.8 % had cancer . The proportion of participants in the discontinuation vs continuation groups who died within 60 days was not significantly different ( 23.8 % vs 20.3 % ; 90 % CI , -3.5 % to 10.5 % ; P=.36 ) and did not meet the noninferiority end point . Total QOL was better for the group discontinuing statin therapy ( mean McGill QOL score , 7.11 vs 6.85 ; P=.04 ) . Few participants experienced cardiovascular events ( 13 in the discontinuation group vs 11 in the continuation group ) . Mean cost savings were $ 3.37 per day and $ 716 per patient . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This pragmatic trial suggests that stopping statin medication therapy is safe and may be associated with benefits including improved QOL , use of fewer nonstatin medications , and a corresponding reduction in medication costs . Thoughtful patient-provider discussions regarding the uncertain benefit and potential decrement in QOL associated with statin continuation in this setting are warranted . TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier : NCT01415934 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2943
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70621",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70622",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statin"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70623",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"discontinue or continue"
],
"offsets": [
[
1019,
1042
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70624",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70625",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Statin therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1245,
1259
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70626",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"receive"
],
"offsets": [
[
1396,
1403
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70627",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statins"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70628",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"statins"
],
"offsets": [
[
283,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70629",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"death within 60 days ( primary outcome )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1459,
1499
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70630",
"type": "Outcome_Mortality",
"text": [
"survival ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
1502,
1512
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70631",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"cardiovascular events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1513,
1534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70632",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life ( QOL )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1558,
1581
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70633",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"symptoms"
],
"offsets": [
[
1584,
1592
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70634",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"number of nonstatin medications"
],
"offsets": [
[
1595,
1626
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70635",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"cost savings"
],
"offsets": [
[
1633,
1645
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70636",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Total QOL"
],
"offsets": [
[
2156,
2165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70637",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"cardiovascular events"
],
"offsets": [
[
1513,
1534
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70638",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Mean cost savings"
],
"offsets": [
[
2392,
2409
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70639",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"QOL"
],
"offsets": [
[
1576,
1579
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70640",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"fewer nonstatin medications"
],
"offsets": [
[
2626,
2653
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70641",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"corresponding reduction in medication costs"
],
"offsets": [
[
2662,
2705
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70642",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"advanced , life-limiting illness :"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70643",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with limited prognosis"
],
"offsets": [
[
149,
180
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70644",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with limited life expectancy"
],
"offsets": [
[
395,
432
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70645",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients in the palliative care setting"
],
"offsets": [
[
537,
576
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70646",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
717,
723
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70647",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cardiovascular disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
865,
887
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70648",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"recent active cardiovascular disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
941,
977
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70649",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"381"
],
"offsets": [
[
1667,
1670
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70650",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"Mean ( SD ) age was 74.1 ( 11.6 ) years"
],
"offsets": [
[
1796,
1835
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70651 | 25798729 | [
{
"id": "70652",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Initial abstinence status and contingency management treatment outcomes : does race matter ? OBJECTIVE Limited research has evaluated African American substance users ' response to evidence-based treatments . This study examined the efficacy of contingency management ( CM ) in African American and White cocaine users . METHOD A secondary analysis evaluated effects of race , treatment condition , and baseline cocaine urine sample results on treatment outcomes of African American ( n = 444 ) and White ( n = 403 ) cocaine abusers participating in one of six randomized clinical trials comparing CM to standard care . RESULTS African American and White patients who initiated treatment with a cocaine-negative urine sample remained in treatment for similar durations and submitted a comparable proportion of negative samples during treatment regardless of treatment type ; CM was efficacious in both races in terms of engendering longer durations of abstinence in patients who began treatment abstinent . Whites who began treatment with a cocaine positive sample remained in treatment longer and submitted a higher proportion of negative samples when assigned to CM than standard care . African Americans who initiated treatment with a cocaine positive sample , however , did not remain in treatment longer with CM compared with standard care , and gains in terms of drug use outcomes were muted in nature relative to Whites . This interaction effect persisted through the 9-month follow-up period . CONCLUSIONS CM is not equally effective in reducing drug use among all subgroups , specifically African American patients who are using cocaine upon treatment entry . Future research on improving treatment outcomes in this population is needed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1747
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70653",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"contingency management"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70654",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"contingency management ( CM )"
],
"offsets": [
[
245,
274
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70655",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CM"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70656",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"standard care"
],
"offsets": [
[
604,
617
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70657",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CM"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70658",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CM"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70659",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"standard care"
],
"offsets": [
[
604,
617
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70660",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CM"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70661",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"standard care"
],
"offsets": [
[
604,
617
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70662",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"CM"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70663",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"contingency management ( CM )"
],
"offsets": [
[
245,
274
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70664",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cocaine users"
],
"offsets": [
[
305,
318
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70665",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"444"
],
"offsets": [
[
489,
492
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70666",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"403"
],
"offsets": [
[
511,
514
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70667",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"cocaine abusers"
],
"offsets": [
[
517,
532
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70668 | 25801058 | [
{
"id": "70669",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Effects of four traditional Chinese medicines on the pharmacokinetics of simvastatin . 1 . Concomitant traditional Chinese medicines ( TCMs ) could be the reason for relative poor efficacy of statins in dyslipidemia patients in China . 2 . An open-label , randomized , 5-period crossover study in healthy Chinese was designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic interaction and tolerability of multiple doses of certain TCMs on a single dose of simvastatin . In each period , subjects received one of five treatments . In Treatment A , subjects received a single dose of 20 mg simvastatin . In Treatment B , C , D or E , subjects received Tong Xin Luo , Nao Xin Tong , Guan Mai Ning or Yin Xing Ye for 7 days and a single dose of 20 mg simvastatin on Day 7 . The washout period was 7 days . 3 . The 97.5 % confidence interval of the AUC0-48 h geometric mean ratio of simvastatin acid and simvastatin for simvastatin given after multiple oral doses of one of the TCMs versus simvastatin given alone were fully contained within the prespecified bounds of ( 0.50 , 2.00 ) . 4 . Exposures to simvastatin acid and simvastatin following a single dose of simvastatin alone were similar to those following coadministration of a single dose of simvastatin with multiple doses of each of the TCM preparations tested . Simvastatin and these TCMs were well tolerated ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1352
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70670",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"traditional Chinese medicines"
],
"offsets": [
[
16,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70671",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"simvastatin"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70672",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the pharmacokinetic interaction and tolerability"
],
"offsets": [
[
338,
386
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70673",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"interval of the AUC0-48 h geometric"
],
"offsets": [
[
813,
848
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70674",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"0.50 , 2.00 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
1051,
1064
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70675",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Exposures to simvastatin acid and"
],
"offsets": [
[
1071,
1104
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70676",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"these TCMs were well"
],
"offsets": [
[
1320,
1340
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70677",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"dyslipidemia"
],
"offsets": [
[
203,
215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70678",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"healthy"
],
"offsets": [
[
297,
304
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70679 | 25801501 | [
{
"id": "70680",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The Effects of Naltrexone on Subjective Response to Methamphetamine in a Clinical Sample : a Double-Blind , Placebo-Controlled Laboratory Study . Methamphetamine ( MA ) use disorder is a serious psychiatric condition for which there are no FDA-approved medications . Naltrexone ( NTX ) is an opioid receptor antagonist with demonstrated efficacy , albeit moderate , for the treatment of alcoholism and opioid dependence . Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that NTX may be useful for the treatment of MA use disorder . To inform treatment development , we conducted a double-blind , randomized , crossover , placebo-controlled human laboratory study of NTX . Non-treatment-seeking individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for MA abuse or dependence ( n=30 ) completed two separate 5-day inpatient stays . During each admission , participants completed testing sessions comprised of MA cue-reactivity and intravenous MA administration ( 30 mg ) after receiving oral NTX ( 50 mg ) or placebo for 4 days . This study tested the hypotheses that NTX would ( a ) attenuate cue-induced MA craving , and ( b ) reduce subjective responses to MA administration . Results largely supported the study hypotheses such that ( a ) NTX significantly blunted cue-induced craving for MA and ( b ) attenuated several of the hedonic subjective effects of MA , including craving , during controlled MA administration and as compared with placebo . NTX decreased overall subjective ratings of 'crave drug , ' 'stimulated , ' and 'would like drug access , ' decreased the the post-MA administration timecourse of 'anxious ' and increased ratings of 'bad drug effects , ' as compared with placebo . These findings support a potential mechanism of action by showing that NTX reduced cue-induced craving and subjective responses to MA . This is consistent with positive treatment studies of NTX for amphetamine dependence , as well as ongoing clinical trials for MA ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1942
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70681",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70682",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Methamphetamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70683",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Methamphetamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70684",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Naltrexone"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70685",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MA"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
166
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70686",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"overall subjective ratings of 'crave drug , ' 'stimulated , ' and 'would like drug access"
],
"offsets": [
[
1442,
1531
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70687",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"timecourse of 'anxious '"
],
"offsets": [
[
1577,
1601
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70688",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"increased ratings of 'bad drug effects"
],
"offsets": [
[
1606,
1644
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70689",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"reduced cue-induced craving and subjective responses to"
],
"offsets": [
[
1751,
1806
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70690",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Methamphetamine ( MA ) use disorder"
],
"offsets": [
[
146,
181
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70691",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MA abuse or dependence"
],
"offsets": [
[
727,
749
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70692",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"n=30"
],
"offsets": [
[
752,
756
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70693 | 25806587 | [
{
"id": "70694",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The Impact of Partial Vascular Occlusion on Oxidative Stress Markers during Resistance Exercise . This study sought to examine the effects of partial vascular occlusion ( PVO ) on oxidative stress markers in response to resistance exercise and at rest in young resistance-trained males . 12 resistance-trained males performed 6 conditions in random counterbalanced order : rest ( R ) , low-intensity ( LIRE : 30 % 1RM ) and moderate-intensity ( MIRE : 70 % 1RM ) resistance exercise with or without PVO . Blood samples were obtained before and immediately after each condition and plasma protein carbonyls ( PC ) , glutathione ratio , oxygen radical absorbance capacity ( ORAC ) , and xanthine oxidase ( XO ) were evaluated . The addition of PVO resulted in significantly greater plasma PC and glutathione ratio in the rest condition . During LIRE the addition of PVO significantly attenuated plasma PC . The MIRE condition , independent of PVO , resulted in significantly higher PC concentration and glutathione ratio compared to the rest and LIRE conditions . The addition of PVO during MIRE resulted in a significant increase in PC . Thus , this study revealed that PVO increased oxidative stress at rest and enhanced the oxidative stress response to MIRE , but when combined with LIRE oxidative stress was attenuated . These findings suggest that the utilization of PVO during LIRE may alter ROS-induced accumulation in the blood which may influence cellular signaling ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1474
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70695",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Partial Vascular Occlusion"
],
"offsets": [
[
14,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70696",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Resistance Exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70697",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"partial vascular occlusion ( PVO )"
],
"offsets": [
[
142,
176
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70698",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"resistance exercise"
],
"offsets": [
[
220,
239
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70699",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"rest ( R ) , low-intensity ( LIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
373,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70700",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"resistance exercise with or without PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
463,
502
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70701",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70702",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"LIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
402,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70703",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70704",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70705",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"addition"
],
"offsets": [
[
730,
738
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70706",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"PVO during MIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
1078,
1093
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70707",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70708",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
445,
449
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70709",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"LIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
402,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70710",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"PVO"
],
"offsets": [
[
171,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70711",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"LIRE"
],
"offsets": [
[
402,
406
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70712",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Blood samples"
],
"offsets": [
[
505,
518
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70713",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma protein carbonyls ( PC ) , glutathione ratio , oxygen radical absorbance capacity ( ORAC ) , and xanthine oxidase ( XO )"
],
"offsets": [
[
581,
708
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70714",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"plasma PC and glutathione ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
811
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70715",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"higher PC concentration"
],
"offsets": [
[
973,
996
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70716",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"glutathione ratio"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
632
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70717",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
900,
904
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70718",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"oxidative stress"
],
"offsets": [
[
180,
196
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70719",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Resistance Exercise ."
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70720",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young"
],
"offsets": [
[
255,
260
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70721",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
280,
285
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70722",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"12"
],
"offsets": [
[
288,
290
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70723",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
280,
285
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70724 | 25807670 | [
{
"id": "70725",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Role of warm saline mouth rinse in prevention of alveolar osteitis : a randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND The present study was aimed at determining the role warm saline rinse in the prevention of alveolar osteitis following dental extractions . MATERIALS AND METHODS Apparently patients aged 16 and above who were referred to the Oral Surgery Clinic of our institution , with an indication for non-surgical extraction of pathologic teeth were prospectively and uniformly randomized into warm saline group and control . The experimental group ( n = 80 ) were instructed to gargle 6 times daily with warm saline and no such instructions were given to the second group ( n = 80 ) to serve as controls . Information on demographic , indications for extraction , and development of alveolar osteitis were obtained and analyzed . Comparative statistics were done using Pearson 's chi square or Fisher 's exact test as appropriate . A p value of less than 0.05 was considered significant . RESULTS The demographic and other baseline parameters such as indications for extractions were comparable among the study groups ( p > 0.05 ) . The overall prevalence of alveolar osteitis was 13.7 % . There was a statistical significant difference between the study groups with respect to development of alveolar osteitis ( X2 = 15.00 , df = 1 , p = 0.001 ) .The risk of development of alveolar osteitis was 4 times higher in the control group ( OR = 4.33 , P = 0.001 ) . CONCLUSION Warm saline mouth rinse instruction is beneficial in the prevention of development of alveolar osteitis after dental extractions ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1603
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70726",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"warm saline mouth rinse"
],
"offsets": [
[
8,
31
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70727",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"warm saline rinse"
],
"offsets": [
[
164,
181
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70728",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"warm saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
8,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70729",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"control"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70730",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"gargle 6 times daily with warm saline"
],
"offsets": [
[
579,
616
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70731",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"no such instructions"
],
"offsets": [
[
621,
641
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70732",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"controls"
],
"offsets": [
[
696,
704
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70733",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"Warm saline mouth rinse"
],
"offsets": [
[
1473,
1496
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70734",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"alveolar osteitis :"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70735",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"prevention of alveolar osteitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
35,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70736",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"development of alveolar osteitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
769,
801
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70737",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"overall prevalence of alveolar osteitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1138,
1177
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70738",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"alveolar osteitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70739",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"risk of development of alveolar osteitis"
],
"offsets": [
[
1353,
1393
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70740",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"patients aged 16 and above"
],
"offsets": [
[
285,
311
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70741",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Oral Surgery Clinic"
],
"offsets": [
[
337,
356
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70742",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"non-surgical extraction of pathologic teeth"
],
"offsets": [
[
401,
444
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70743",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"experimental group ( n = 80 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
530,
559
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70744",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"second group ( n = 80 )"
],
"offsets": [
[
660,
683
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70745 | 25810108 | [
{
"id": "70746",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A randomised controlled comparison between stimulating and standard catheters for lumbar plexus block . The aim of this randomised , prospective , blinded study was to evaluate if stimulating catheters can decrease the minimum effective anaesthetic volume in 50 % of patients during lumbar plexus block using mepivacaine 1.5 % compared with standard catheters . Fifty-eight patients of ASA physical status 1-3 were randomly allocated to receive a lumbar plexus block via a stimulating or standard catheter , with 29 in each group . The first dose was 30 ml and subsequent doses were determined using the up-and-down staircase method . The minimum effective anaesthetic volume50 was 12.2 ml ( 95 % CI 7.3-17.1 ml ) using the stimulating catheter and 24.8 ml ( 95 % CI 23.2-27.5 ml ) with the standard catheter ( p < 0.0001 ) . Complete lumbar plexus block was achieved with the initial dose of mepivacaine in 29 ( 100 % ) patients in the stimulating catheter group and 20 ( 69 % ) patients in the standard catheter group ( p = 0.002 ) . This study showed that use of a stimulating catheter halves the minimum effective anaesthetic volume50 of mepivacaine 1.5 % while increasing the success rate in patients receiving continuous lumbar plexus block ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1248
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70747",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"stimulating and"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
58
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70748",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard catheters"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70749",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"stimulating catheters"
],
"offsets": [
[
180,
201
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70750",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"mepivacaine"
],
"offsets": [
[
309,
320
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70751",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard catheters"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70752",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"lumbar plexus block via a stimulating or"
],
"offsets": [
[
447,
487
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70753",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"standard catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70754",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lumbar plexus block ."
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70755",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"minimum effective anaesthetic volume"
],
"offsets": [
[
219,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70756",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"effective anaesthetic volume50"
],
"offsets": [
[
647,
677
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70757",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Complete lumbar plexus block"
],
"offsets": [
[
826,
854
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70758",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"success rate"
],
"offsets": [
[
1181,
1193
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70759",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients during lumbar plexus block"
],
"offsets": [
[
267,
302
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70760",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Fifty-eight patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70761",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"lumbar plexus block"
],
"offsets": [
[
82,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70762",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"standard catheter"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70763",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"29"
],
"offsets": [
[
513,
515
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70764 | 25818246 | [
{
"id": "70765",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"MDMA-assisted therapy : A new treatment model for social anxiety in autistic adults . The first study of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ( MDMA ) -assisted therapy for the treatment of social anxiety in autistic adults commenced in the spring of 2014 . The search for psychotherapeutic options for autistic individuals is imperative considering the lack of effective conventional treatments for mental health diagnoses that are common in this population . Serious Adverse Events ( SAEs ) involving the administration of MDMA in clinical trials have been rare and non-life threatening . To date , MDMA has been administered to over 1133 individuals for research purposes without the occurrence of unexpected drug-related SAEs that require expedited reporting per FDA regulations . Now that safety parameters for limited use of MDMA in clinical settings have been established , a case can be made to further develop MDMA-assisted therapeutic interventions that could support autistic adults in increasing social adaptability among the typically developing population . As in the case with classic hallucinogens and other psychedelic drugs , MDMA catalyzes shifts toward openness and introspection that do not require ongoing administration to achieve lasting benefits . This infrequent dosing mitigates adverse event frequency and improves the risk/benefit ratio of MDMA , which may provide a significant advantage over medications that require daily dosing . Consequently , clinicians could employ new treatment models for social anxiety or similar types of distress administering MDMA on one to several occasions within the context of a supportive and integrative psychotherapy protocol ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1690
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70766",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MDMA-assisted therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70767",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ( MDMA ) -assisted therapy"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
165
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70768",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70769",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70770",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70771",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"MDMA-assisted therapeutic interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
916,
955
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70772",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70773",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70774",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
4
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70775",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Serious Adverse Events ( SAEs )"
],
"offsets": [
[
458,
489
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70776",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"unexpected drug-related SAEs"
],
"offsets": [
[
698,
726
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70777",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"social adaptability"
],
"offsets": [
[
1005,
1024
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70778",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"openness and introspection"
],
"offsets": [
[
1170,
1196
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70779",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"adverse event frequency"
],
"offsets": [
[
1303,
1326
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70780",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"the risk/benefit ratio of MDMA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1340,
1370
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70781",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"social anxiety"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
64
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70782",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"social anxiety in autistic"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70783",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"social anxiety in autistic adults commenced in the spring of 2014"
],
"offsets": [
[
187,
252
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70784",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"MDMA has been administered"
],
"offsets": [
[
598,
624
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70785",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"1133 individuals"
],
"offsets": [
[
633,
649
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70786 | 25820842 | [
{
"id": "70787",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Serotonergic psychedelics temporarily modify information transfer in humans . BACKGROUND Psychedelics induce intense modifications in the sensorium , the sense of \" self , \" and the experience of reality . Despite advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular level mechanisms of these drugs , knowledge of their actions on global brain dynamics is still incomplete . Recent imaging studies have found changes in functional coupling between frontal and parietal brain structures , suggesting a modification in information flow between brain regions during acute effects . METHODS Here we assessed the psychedelic-induced changes in directionality of information flow during the acute effects of a psychedelic in humans . We measured modifications in connectivity of brain oscillations using transfer entropy , a nonlinear measure of directed functional connectivity based on information theory . Ten healthy male volunteers with prior experience with psychedelics participated in 2 experimental sessions . They received a placebo or a dose of ayahuasca , a psychedelic preparation containing the serotonergic 5-HT2A agonist N , N-dimethyltryptamine . RESULTS The analysis showed significant changes in the coupling of brain oscillations between anterior and posterior recording sites . Transfer entropy analysis showed that frontal sources decreased their influence over central , parietal , and occipital sites . Conversely , sources in posterior locations increased their influence over signals measured at anterior locations . Exploratory correlations found that anterior-to-posterior transfer entropy decreases were correlated with the intensity of subjective effects , while the imbalance between anterior-to-posterior and posterior-to-anterior transfer entropy correlated with the degree of incapacitation experienced . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that psychedelics induce a temporary disruption of neural hierarchies by reducing top-down control and increasing bottom-up information transfer in the human brain ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
2039
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70788",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Serotonergic psychedelics"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70789",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Psychedelics"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
101
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70790",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"psychedelics"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70791",
"type": "Intervention_Control",
"text": [
"placebo"
],
"offsets": [
[
1036,
1043
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70792",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dose of ayahuasca"
],
"offsets": [
[
1049,
1066
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70793",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"psychedelic"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
24
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70794",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"serotonergic 5-HT2A agonist N , N-dimethyltryptamine"
],
"offsets": [
[
1110,
1162
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70795",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"psychedelics"
],
"offsets": [
[
13,
25
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70796",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"global brain dynamics"
],
"offsets": [
[
338,
359
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70797",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"changes in directionality of information flow"
],
"offsets": [
[
635,
680
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70798",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"brain oscillations"
],
"offsets": [
[
780,
798
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70799",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"changes in the coupling of brain oscillations"
],
"offsets": [
[
1205,
1250
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70800",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anterior-to-posterior transfer entropy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1580,
1618
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70801",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"anterior-to-posterior"
],
"offsets": [
[
1580,
1601
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70802",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"posterior-to-anterior transfer entropy"
],
"offsets": [
[
1742,
1780
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70803",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"temporary disruption"
],
"offsets": [
[
1901,
1921
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70804",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"neural hierarchies"
],
"offsets": [
[
1925,
1943
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70805",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Ten"
],
"offsets": [
[
910,
913
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70806",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
922,
926
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70807",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"prior experience with psychedelics"
],
"offsets": [
[
943,
977
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70808 | 25822242 | [
{
"id": "70809",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Randomized comparative efficacy study of parent-mediated interventions for toddlers with autism . OBJECTIVE This study compared effects of two parent-mediated interventions on joint engagement outcomes as augmentations of an early intervention program for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) . METHOD Participants included 86 toddlers ( range 22-36 months ) with ASD and their primary caregiver . Caregiver-child dyads were randomized to receive 10 weeks of hands-on parent training in a naturalistic , developmental behavioral intervention ( joint attention , symbolic play , engagement and regulation-JASPER ) or a parent-only psychoeducational intervention ( PEI ) . Dose was controlled in terms of researcher-parent contact and early intervention services received by the child . RESULTS Results yielded significant effects of the JASPER intervention on the primary outcome of joint engagement . The treatment effect was large ( Cohen 's f² = .69 ) and maintained over the 6-month follow-up . JASPER effects were also found on secondary outcomes of play diversity , highest play level achieved , and generalization to the child 's classroom for child-initiated joint engagement . The PEI intervention was found to be effective in reducing parenting stress associated with child characteristics . All secondary effects were generally small to moderate . CONCLUSIONS These data highlight the benefit of a brief , targeted , parent-mediated intervention on child outcomes . Future studies may consider the combination of JASPER and PEI treatments for optimal parent and child outcomes . Trial registry no . NCT00999778 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1632
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70810",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"parent-mediated interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70811",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"parent-mediated interventions"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
70
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70812",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"hands-on parent training in a naturalistic ,"
],
"offsets": [
[
469,
513
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70813",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"developmental behavioral intervention ( joint attention , symbolic play , engagement and regulation-JASPER )"
],
"offsets": [
[
514,
622
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70814",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"or a"
],
"offsets": [
[
623,
627
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70815",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"parent-only psychoeducational intervention ( PEI )"
],
"offsets": [
[
628,
678
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70816",
"type": "Intervention_Psychological",
"text": [
"JASPER intervention"
],
"offsets": [
[
846,
865
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70817",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"joint engagement"
],
"offsets": [
[
176,
192
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70818",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"play diversity , highest play level achieved , and generalization to the child 's classroom for child-initiated"
],
"offsets": [
[
1064,
1175
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70819",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"reducing parenting stress associated with child characteristics"
],
"offsets": [
[
1245,
1308
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70820",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"toddlers"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70821",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70822",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"toddlers"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
83
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70823",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism spectrum disorder ( ASD )"
],
"offsets": [
[
270,
302
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70824",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"86"
],
"offsets": [
[
334,
336
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70825",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"toddlers ( range 22-36 months )"
],
"offsets": [
[
337,
368
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70826",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"ASD"
],
"offsets": [
[
297,
300
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70827 | 25840597 | [
{
"id": "70828",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Subcutaneous versus intravenous bortezomib in two different induction therapies for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma : an interim analysis from the prospective GMMG-MM5 trial . We investigated the impact of subcutaneous versus intravenous bortezomib in the MM5 trial of the German-Speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group which compared bortezomib , doxorubicin , and dexamethasone with bortezomib , cyclophosphamide , and dexamethasone induction therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma . Based on data from relapsed myeloma , the route of administration for bortezomib was changed from intravenous to subcutaneous after 314 of 604 patients had been enrolled . We analyzed 598 patients who received at least one dose of trial medication . Adverse events were reported more frequently in patients treated with intravenous bortezomib ( intravenous=65 % ; subcutaneous=56 % , P=0.02 ) . Rates of grade 2 or more peripheral neuropathy were higher in patients treated with intravenous bortezomib during the third cycle ( intravenous=8 % ; subcutaneous=2 % , P=0.001 ) . Overall response rates were similar in patients treated intravenously or subcutaneously . The presence of International Staging System stage III disease , renal impairment or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities did not have a negative impact on overall response rates in either group . To our knowledge this is the largest study to present data comparing subcutaneous with intravenous bortezomib in newly diagnosed myeloma . We show better tolerance and similar overall response rates for subcutaneous compared to intravenous bortezomib . The clinical trial is registered at eudract.ema.europa.eu as n. 2010-019173-16 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1680
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70829",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Subcutaneous versus intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70830",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"subcutaneous versus intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
207,
249
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70831",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70832",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"doxorubicin"
],
"offsets": [
[
344,
355
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70833",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70834",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70835",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cyclophosphamide"
],
"offsets": [
[
394,
410
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70836",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"dexamethasone"
],
"offsets": [
[
362,
375
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70837",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"Subcutaneous"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
12
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70838",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70839",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"subcutaneous"
],
"offsets": [
[
207,
219
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70840",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
20,
42
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70841",
"type": "Outcome_Adverse-effects",
"text": [
"Adverse events"
],
"offsets": [
[
737,
751
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70842",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Rates of"
],
"offsets": [
[
882,
890
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70843",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"grade 2 or more peripheral neuropathy"
],
"offsets": [
[
891,
928
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70844",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Overall response rates"
],
"offsets": [
[
1063,
1085
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70845",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"International Staging System stage III disease , renal impairment or adverse cytogenetic abnormalities"
],
"offsets": [
[
1169,
1271
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70846",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"myeloma"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70847",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"tolerance"
],
"offsets": [
[
1501,
1510
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70848",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"response"
],
"offsets": [
[
1071,
1079
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70849",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"newly diagnosed multiple myeloma"
],
"offsets": [
[
84,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70850",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"314 of 604 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
619,
638
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70851",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"598 patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
671,
683
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70852",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients treated with intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
785,
829
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70853",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"treated with intravenous bortezomib"
],
"offsets": [
[
794,
829
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70854 | 25840599 | [
{
"id": "70855",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Prolonged sirolimus administration after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is associated with decreased risk for moderate-severe chronic graft-versus-host disease . Effective pharmacological strategies employed in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation should prevent serious chronic graft-versus-host disease and facilitate donor-recipient immune tolerance . Based on demonstrated pro-tolerogenic activity , sirolimus ( rapamycin ) is an agent with promise to achieve these goals . In a long-term follow-up analysis of a randomized phase II trial comparing sirolimus/tacrolimus versus methotrexate/tacrolimus for graft-versus-host disease prevention in matched sibling or unrelated donor transplant , we examined the impact of prolonged sirolimus administration ( ≥ 1 year post-transplant ) . Median follow-up time for surviving patients at time of this analysis was 41 months ( range 27-60 ) for sirolimus/tacrolimus and 49 months ( range 29-63 ) for methotrexate/tacrolimus . Sirolimus/tacrolimus patients had significantly lower National Institutes of Health Consensus moderate-severe chronic graft-versus-host disease ( 34 % vs. 65 % ; P=0.004 ) and late acute graft-versus-host disease ( 20 % vs. 43 % ; P=0.04 ) . While sirolimus/tacrolimus patients had lower prednisone exposure and earlier discontinuation of tacrolimus ( median time to tacrolimus discontinuation 368 days vs. 821 days ; P=0.002 ) , there was no significant difference in complete immune suppression discontinuation ( 60-month estimate : 43 % vs. 31 % ; P=0.78 ) . Prolonged sirolimus administration represents a viable approach to mitigate risk for moderate-severe chronic and late acute graft-versus-host disease . Further study of determinants of successful immune suppression discontinuation is needed ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1802
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70856",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sirolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70857",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sirolimus ( rapamycin )"
],
"offsets": [
[
428,
451
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70858",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sirolimus/tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
577,
597
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70859",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"methotrexate/tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
605,
628
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70860",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"sirolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70861",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"chronic graft-versus-host disease ."
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
176
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70862",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"post-transplant ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
793,
812
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70863",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Median follow-up time for surviving patients"
],
"offsets": [
[
813,
857
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70864",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower National Institutes of Health Consensus moderate-severe chronic graft-versus-host disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
1046,
1141
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70865",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"and late acute graft-versus-host disease"
],
"offsets": [
[
1170,
1210
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70866",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"lower prednisone exposure"
],
"offsets": [
[
1280,
1305
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70867",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"earlier discontinuation of tacrolimus"
],
"offsets": [
[
1310,
1347
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70868",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"in complete immune suppression discontinuation"
],
"offsets": [
[
1464,
1510
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70869",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70870",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation"
],
"offsets": [
[
41,
86
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70871 | 25841244 | [
{
"id": "70872",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Coronary artery bypass graft surgery provides clinically important quality-of-life improvements over medical therapy in patients with ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
174
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70873",
"type": "Intervention_Surgical",
"text": [
"Coronary artery bypass graft surgery"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
36
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70874",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality-of-life improvements"
],
"offsets": [
[
67,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70875",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"patients with ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
120,
174
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70876 | 25842725 | [
{
"id": "70877",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic study on efficacy of Qingrehuatan decoction against abundant phlegm-heat syndrome in young adults with essential hypertension . OBJECTIVE To observe the influence of Qingrehuatan decoction ( QRHT ) on serum metabolic profile in young essential hypertension ( YEH ) patients with abundant phlegm-heat syndrome and provide a basis for treatment with the decoction . METHODS Twelve male YEH patients were randomly selected and serum samples were collected for examination before and after 4 weeks of the treatment with QRHT . Twelve healthy males were randomly selected and their serum samples were collected as a control . All serum samples were detected using metabolomic technology with 1H nuclear magnetic resonance . Differences in metabolites were studied by principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminate analysis , which produced scores and loadings plots . RESULTS After 4 weeks of treatment , serum substances could be distinguished between the YEH patients with abundant phlegm-heat syndrome and the control patients . The specific serum endog- enous metabolites tended to improve after the treatment . QRHT can appropriately increase the levels of glucose , lactic acid , citric acid , high-density lipoprotein , phosphatidylcholine , glycerophosphate choline , hydroxybutyrate , alanine , and glutamate . QRHT could also decrease the levels of low-density lipoprotein/very low-density lipoprotein , lipids , N-acetyl glycoprotein , and O-acetyl glycoprotein . CONCLUSION QRHT can effectively ameliorate metabolic disorders in YEH Patients with abundant phlegm-heat syndrome . 1H NMR-based metabolomic technology can provide an objective basis for the treatment of YEH patients with abundant phlegm-heat syndrome using QRHT ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1803
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70878",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Qingrehuatan decoction"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
91
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70879",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Qingrehuatan decoction ( QRHT )"
],
"offsets": [
[
214,
245
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70880",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QRHT ."
],
"offsets": [
[
564,
570
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70881",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QRHT"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70882",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QRHT"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70883",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"QRHT"
],
"offsets": [
[
239,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70884",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"efficacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70885",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum metabolic profile"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
272
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70886",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"serum endog- enous metabolites"
],
"offsets": [
[
1109,
1139
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70887",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of glucose , lactic acid , citric acid , high-density lipoprotein , phosphatidylcholine , glycerophosphate choline , hydroxybutyrate , alanine , and glutamate ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1216,
1383
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70888",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"levels of low-density lipoprotein/very low-density lipoprotein , lipids , N-acetyl glycoprotein , and O-acetyl glycoprotein ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1413,
1538
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70889",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"metabolic disorders"
],
"offsets": [
[
1582,
1601
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70890",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young adults"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
145
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70891",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70892",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"young"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70893",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"hypertension"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
173
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70894",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"abundant phlegm-heat syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
129
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70895",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twelve"
],
"offsets": [
[
420,
426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70896",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
427,
431
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70897",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twelve"
],
"offsets": [
[
420,
426
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70898",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"males"
],
"offsets": [
[
586,
591
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70899",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"phlegm-heat syndrome"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
129
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70900 | 25851025 | [
{
"id": "70901",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial on a Sabgh Formulation for Patients With Vitiligo . BACKGROUND The cosmetic problem that vitiligo produces affects patients psychologically . Many patients with vitiligo are suggested to cover their white skin patches with cosmetic products . There are formulations in traditional Iranian pharmacy to color these white skin patches . In this study , one of these formulations was compared with a cosmetic formulation . METHODS Two groups of patients were selected . One group used a marketed formulation and other group used a traditional Iranian Pharmacy formulation . The quality of life of the patients was compared based on the Dermatology Life Quality Index Questionnaire . RESULTS Both interventions were associated with statistically improved Dermatology Life Quality Index scores over the 8-week intervention ( P < .05 ) , although the difference between the 2 was not statistically significant ( P = .436 ) . CONCLUSION Traditional Iranian Pharmacy formulation is effective in increasing the quality of life in vitiligo patients ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1080
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70902",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"Sabgh Formulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
46,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70903",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"formulations"
],
"offsets": [
[
294,
306
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70904",
"type": "Intervention_Pharmacological",
"text": [
"cosmetic formulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
437,
457
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70905",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"marketed formulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
524,
544
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70906",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"traditional Iranian Pharmacy formulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
568,
608
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70907",
"type": "Intervention_Other",
"text": [
"Traditional Iranian Pharmacy"
],
"offsets": [
[
970,
998
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70908",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
630
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70909",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"Dermatology Life Quality Index scores"
],
"offsets": [
[
791,
828
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70910",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"quality of life"
],
"offsets": [
[
615,
630
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70911 | 25854713 | [
{
"id": "70912",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"Visual Assessment of Relative Apical Sparing Pattern Is More Useful Than Quantitative Assessment for Diagnosing Cardiac Amyloidosis in Borderline or Mildly Increased Left Ventricular Wall Thickness . BACKGROUND Relative apical sparing pattern of longitudinal strain ( RapSP-LS ) was suggested in advanced cardiac amyloidosis ( CA ) . It is unclear whether it is present in less advanced CA . METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with presumptive diagnosis of CA and mean left ventricular wall thickness ( LVWT ) ≤14 mm were recruited . Apart from RapSP-LS visually identified , relative apical longitudinal strain index ( RapLSI ) was defined as [ average apical LS/ ( average basal LS+average mid-ventricle LS ) ] . Among 119 patients included , 47 were finally diagnosed with CA . RapLSI was higher in the CA group compared to other causes of increased mean LVWT ( P < 0.001 ) , but with a significant range of overlap noted . In contrast , RapSP-LS visually assessed was noted in most CA patients ( 31/47 , 66.0 % ) except in those with preserved LV ejection fraction , normal LVWT , and mildly decreased global LS , suggesting least advanced CA . On multivariate analysis of the added diagnostic role of RapSP-LS or RapLSI on top of clinical , electrocardiographic , and conventional echocardiographic parameters , addition of RapLSI produced only borderline increase in area under the curve of the multivariate model ( P=0.05 ) , whereas addition of RapSP-LS significantly increased it ( P < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS Visual identification of RapSP-LS is useful in terms of added diagnostic value compared with quantitative calculation of RapLSI . Its clinical application , however , should be used with caution in patients with less advanced CA ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1741
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70913",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Visual Assessment of Relative Apical Sparing Pattern"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70914",
"type": "Intervention_Educational",
"text": [
"Relative apical sparing pattern of longitudinal strain"
],
"offsets": [
[
211,
265
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70915",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"( RapSP-LS )"
],
"offsets": [
[
266,
278
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70916",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"CA . RapLSI"
],
"offsets": [
[
770,
781
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70917",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increased mean LVWT"
],
"offsets": [
[
837,
856
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70918",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"added diagnostic value"
],
"offsets": [
[
1567,
1589
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70919",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Borderline or Mildly Increased Left Ventricular Wall Thickness ."
],
"offsets": [
[
135,
199
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70920",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"Patients with presumptive diagnosis of CA and mean left ventricular wall thickness ( LVWT ) ≤14 mm were recruited"
],
"offsets": [
[
412,
525
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70921",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"119"
],
"offsets": [
[
715,
718
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70922",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"47"
],
"offsets": [
[
739,
741
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70923",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"CA"
],
"offsets": [
[
327,
329
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70924",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"in patients with less advanced CA"
],
"offsets": [
[
1706,
1739
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
70925 | 25861158 | [
{
"id": "70926",
"type": "document",
"text": [
"The short-term effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on electroencephalography in children with autism : a randomized crossover controlled trial . Abnormal synaptic maturation and connectivity are possible etiologies of autism . Previous studies showed significantly less alpha activity in autism than normal children . Therefore , we studied the effects of anodal tDCS on peak alpha frequency ( PAF ) related to autism treatment evaluation checklist ( ATEC ) . Twenty male children with autism were randomly assigned in a crossover design to receive a single session of both active and sham tDCS stimulation ( 11 mA ) over F3 ( left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ) . Pre- to postsession changes in a measure of cortical activity impacted by tDCS ( PAF ) and ATEC were compared between groups . We also examined the associations between pre- and postsession changes in the PAF and ATEC . The results show significant pre- to postsession improvements in two domains of ATEC ( social and health/behavior domains ) following active tDCS , relative to sham treatment . PAF also significantly increased at the stimulation site , and an increase in PAF was significantly associated with improvements in the two domains of ATEC impacted by tDCS . The findings suggest that a single session of anodal tDCS over the F3 may have clinical benefits in children with autism and that those benefits may be related to an increase in PAF ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
1437
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "70927",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"transcranial direct current stimulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
26,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70928",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anodal tDCS"
],
"offsets": [
[
371,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70929",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"active and sham tDCS stimulation"
],
"offsets": [
[
589,
621
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70930",
"type": "Intervention_Physical",
"text": [
"anodal tDCS"
],
"offsets": [
[
371,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70931",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"changes in a measure of cortical activity"
],
"offsets": [
[
702,
743
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70932",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"tDCS ( PAF )"
],
"offsets": [
[
756,
768
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70933",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ATEC"
],
"offsets": [
[
466,
470
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70934",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PAF"
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70935",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ATEC ."
],
"offsets": [
[
895,
901
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70936",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"results show significant pre- to postsession improvements"
],
"offsets": [
[
906,
963
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70937",
"type": "Outcome_Mental",
"text": [
"two domains of ATEC ( social and health/behavior domains )"
],
"offsets": [
[
967,
1025
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70938",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"tDCS"
],
"offsets": [
[
378,
382
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70939",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PAF"
],
"offsets": [
[
409,
412
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70940",
"type": "Outcome_Other",
"text": [
"increased"
],
"offsets": [
[
1102,
1111
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70941",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"increase in PAF"
],
"offsets": [
[
1145,
1160
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70942",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"ATEC"
],
"offsets": [
[
466,
470
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70943",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"clinical benefits"
],
"offsets": [
[
1333,
1350
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70944",
"type": "Outcome_Physical",
"text": [
"PAF ."
],
"offsets": [
[
1432,
1437
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70945",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70946",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70947",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70948",
"type": "Participant_Sample-size",
"text": [
"Twenty"
],
"offsets": [
[
475,
481
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70949",
"type": "Participant_Sex",
"text": [
"male"
],
"offsets": [
[
482,
486
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70950",
"type": "Participant_Age",
"text": [
"children"
],
"offsets": [
[
95,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "70951",
"type": "Participant_Condition",
"text": [
"autism"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
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