---
task_categories:
- visual-question-answering
language:
- en
tags:
- image
- text
- vlm
- spatial-perception
- spatial-reasoning
annotations_creators:
- expert-generated
pretty_name: SPHERE
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
source_datasets:
- "MS COCO-2017"
configs:
- config_name: distance_and_counting
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/combine_2_skill/distance_and_counting.json"
- config_name: distance_and_size
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/combine_2_skill/distance_and_size.json"
- config_name: position_and_counting
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/combine_2_skill/position_and_counting.json"
- config_name: object_manipulation
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/reasoning/object_manipulation.json"
- config_name: object_manipulation_w_intermediate
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/reasoning/object_manipulation_w_intermediate.json"
- config_name: object_occlusion
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/reasoning/object_occlusion.json"
- config_name: object_occlusion_w_intermediate
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/reasoning/object_occlusion_w_intermediate.json"
- config_name: counting_only-paired-distance_and_counting
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/single_skill/counting_only-paired-distance_and_counting.json"
- config_name: counting_only-paired-position_and_counting
  data-files: "coco_test2017_annotations/single_skill/counting_only-paired-position_and_counting.json"
- config_name: distance_only
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/single_skill/distance_only.json"
- config_name: position_only
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/single_skill/position_only.json"
- config_name: distance_only
  data_files: "coco_test2017_annotations/single_skill/size_only.json"
---

[SPHERE (Spatial Perception and Hierarchical Evaluation of REasoning)](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.12693) is a benchmark for assessing spatial reasoning in vision-language models. It introduces a hierarchical evaluation framework with a human-annotated dataset, testing models on tasks ranging from basic spatial understanding to complex multi-skill reasoning. SPHERE poses significant challenges for both state-of-the-art open-source and proprietary models, revealing critical gaps in spatial cognition.

## Usage

This dataset is designed to be used on top of [MS COCO-2017](https://cocodataset.org).
For more details, please see https://github.com/zwenyu/SPHERE-VLM?tab=readme-ov-file#data.