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  {"tstamp": 1726511011.1335, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "bothbadvote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "1f8023cc87934a44b870c211c8eb57f5", "0_model_name": "Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen2-7B-instruct", "0_prompt": "inference-time scaling of large language model", "0_output": [["inference-time scaling of large language model", "Title: Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models\n\nAbstract: We study empirical scaling laws for language model performance on the cross-entropy loss. The loss scales as a power-law with model size, dataset size, and the amount of compute used for training, with some trends spanning more than seven orders of magnitude. Other architectural details such as network width or depth have minimal effects within a wide range. Simple equations govern the dependence of overfitting on model/dataset size and the dependence of training speed on model size. These relationships allow us to determine the optimal allocation of a fixed compute budget. Larger models are significantly more sample-efficient, such that optimally compute-efficient training involves training very large models on a relatively modest amount of data and stopping significantly before convergence."]], "0_corpus": "arxiv", "1_conv_id": "bef242fe769f424fa1b6e7b7750330a9", "1_model_name": "nomic-ai/nomic-embed-text-v1.5", "1_prompt": "inference-time scaling of large language model", "1_output": [["inference-time scaling of large language model", "Title: Beyond Chinchilla-Optimal: Accounting for Inference in Language Model Scaling Laws\n\nAbstract: Large language model (LLM) scaling laws are empirical formulas that estimate changes in model quality as a result of increasing parameter count and training data. However, these formulas, including the popular DeepMind Chinchilla scaling laws, neglect to include the cost of inference. We modify the Chinchilla scaling laws to calculate the optimal LLM parameter count and pre-training data size to train and deploy a model of a given quality and inference demand. We conduct our analysis both in terms of a compute budget and real-world costs and find that LLM researchers expecting reasonably large inference demand (~1B requests) should train models smaller and longer than Chinchilla-optimal."]], "1_corpus": "arxiv"}
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  {"tstamp": 1726511722.6092, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "bothbadvote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "7cc267058378483ab0f6a1312fd4ef5d", "0_model_name": "Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen2-7B-instruct", "0_prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "0_output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nTOGAF began to be developed in 1995 by The Open Group, based on the United States Department of Defense's TAFIM and Capgemini's Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF). As of 2016, The Open Group claims that TOGAF is employed by 80% of Global 50 companies and 60% of Fortune 500 companies.\nOverview\nAn architecture framework is a set of tools that can be used for developing a broad range of different architectures. It should:\ndescribe a method for defining an information system in terms of a set of building blocks\nshow how the building blocks fit together\ncontain a set of tools\nprovide a common vocabulary\ninclude a list of recommended standards\ninclude a list of compliant products that can be used to implement the building blocks.\nThe ANSI/IEEE Standard 1471-2000 specification of architecture (of software-intensive systems) may be stated as: \"the fundamental organization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution\".\nHowever TOGAF has its own view, which may be specified as either a \"formal description of a system, or a detailed plan of the system at component level to guide its implementation\", or as \"the structure of components, their interrelationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time\".\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is the core of TOGAF which describes a method for developing and managing the life-cycle of enterprise architecture."]], "0_corpus": "wikipedia", "1_conv_id": "5ab5abbab89e4154856081f226798056", "1_model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "1_prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "1_output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nBusiness capability-based planning Guidance on how to use TOGAF to develop security architectures and SOA\nThe latest version is TOGAF 10, launched on 25 April 2022.\nThe Open Group provides TOGAF free of charge to organizations for their own internal noncommercial purposes.\nTOGAF pillars\nEnterprise architecture domains\nTOGAF is based on four interrelated areas of specialization called architecture domains:\nBusiness architecture which defines the business strategy, governance, organization, and key business processes of the organization\nData architecture which describes the structure of an organization's logical and physical data assets and the associated data management resources\nApplications architecture which provides a blueprint for the individual systems to be deployed, the interactions between the application systems, and their relationships to the core business processes of the organization with the frameworks for services to be exposed as business functions for integration\nTechnical architecture, or technology architecture, which describes the hardware, software, and network infrastructure needed to support the deployment of core, mission-critical applications\nArchitecture Development Method\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is applied to develop an enterprise architecture which will meet the business and information technology needs of an organization. It may be tailored to the organization's needs and is then employed to manage the execution of architecture planning activities."]], "1_corpus": "wikipedia"}
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  {"tstamp": 1726512086.7887, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "tievote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "4b1f81ad55ba4315976816662cc254a8", "0_model_name": "text-embedding-3-large", "0_prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "0_output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "0_corpus": "arxiv", "1_conv_id": "9fa5e360a4634b9eb781f99879d5a450", "1_model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "1_prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "1_output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "1_corpus": "arxiv"}
 
 
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  {"tstamp": 1726511011.1335, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "bothbadvote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "1f8023cc87934a44b870c211c8eb57f5", "0_model_name": "Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen2-7B-instruct", "0_prompt": "inference-time scaling of large language model", "0_output": [["inference-time scaling of large language model", "Title: Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models\n\nAbstract: We study empirical scaling laws for language model performance on the cross-entropy loss. The loss scales as a power-law with model size, dataset size, and the amount of compute used for training, with some trends spanning more than seven orders of magnitude. Other architectural details such as network width or depth have minimal effects within a wide range. Simple equations govern the dependence of overfitting on model/dataset size and the dependence of training speed on model size. These relationships allow us to determine the optimal allocation of a fixed compute budget. Larger models are significantly more sample-efficient, such that optimally compute-efficient training involves training very large models on a relatively modest amount of data and stopping significantly before convergence."]], "0_corpus": "arxiv", "1_conv_id": "bef242fe769f424fa1b6e7b7750330a9", "1_model_name": "nomic-ai/nomic-embed-text-v1.5", "1_prompt": "inference-time scaling of large language model", "1_output": [["inference-time scaling of large language model", "Title: Beyond Chinchilla-Optimal: Accounting for Inference in Language Model Scaling Laws\n\nAbstract: Large language model (LLM) scaling laws are empirical formulas that estimate changes in model quality as a result of increasing parameter count and training data. However, these formulas, including the popular DeepMind Chinchilla scaling laws, neglect to include the cost of inference. We modify the Chinchilla scaling laws to calculate the optimal LLM parameter count and pre-training data size to train and deploy a model of a given quality and inference demand. We conduct our analysis both in terms of a compute budget and real-world costs and find that LLM researchers expecting reasonably large inference demand (~1B requests) should train models smaller and longer than Chinchilla-optimal."]], "1_corpus": "arxiv"}
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  {"tstamp": 1726511722.6092, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "bothbadvote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "7cc267058378483ab0f6a1312fd4ef5d", "0_model_name": "Alibaba-NLP/gte-Qwen2-7B-instruct", "0_prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "0_output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nTOGAF began to be developed in 1995 by The Open Group, based on the United States Department of Defense's TAFIM and Capgemini's Integrated Architecture Framework (IAF). As of 2016, The Open Group claims that TOGAF is employed by 80% of Global 50 companies and 60% of Fortune 500 companies.\nOverview\nAn architecture framework is a set of tools that can be used for developing a broad range of different architectures. It should:\ndescribe a method for defining an information system in terms of a set of building blocks\nshow how the building blocks fit together\ncontain a set of tools\nprovide a common vocabulary\ninclude a list of recommended standards\ninclude a list of compliant products that can be used to implement the building blocks.\nThe ANSI/IEEE Standard 1471-2000 specification of architecture (of software-intensive systems) may be stated as: \"the fundamental organization of a system, embodied in its components, their relationships to each other and the environment, and the principles governing its design and evolution\".\nHowever TOGAF has its own view, which may be specified as either a \"formal description of a system, or a detailed plan of the system at component level to guide its implementation\", or as \"the structure of components, their interrelationships, and the principles and guidelines governing their design and evolution over time\".\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is the core of TOGAF which describes a method for developing and managing the life-cycle of enterprise architecture."]], "0_corpus": "wikipedia", "1_conv_id": "5ab5abbab89e4154856081f226798056", "1_model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "1_prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "1_output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nBusiness capability-based planning Guidance on how to use TOGAF to develop security architectures and SOA\nThe latest version is TOGAF 10, launched on 25 April 2022.\nThe Open Group provides TOGAF free of charge to organizations for their own internal noncommercial purposes.\nTOGAF pillars\nEnterprise architecture domains\nTOGAF is based on four interrelated areas of specialization called architecture domains:\nBusiness architecture which defines the business strategy, governance, organization, and key business processes of the organization\nData architecture which describes the structure of an organization's logical and physical data assets and the associated data management resources\nApplications architecture which provides a blueprint for the individual systems to be deployed, the interactions between the application systems, and their relationships to the core business processes of the organization with the frameworks for services to be exposed as business functions for integration\nTechnical architecture, or technology architecture, which describes the hardware, software, and network infrastructure needed to support the deployment of core, mission-critical applications\nArchitecture Development Method\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is applied to develop an enterprise architecture which will meet the business and information technology needs of an organization. It may be tailored to the organization's needs and is then employed to manage the execution of architecture planning activities."]], "1_corpus": "wikipedia"}
13
  {"tstamp": 1726512086.7887, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "tievote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "4b1f81ad55ba4315976816662cc254a8", "0_model_name": "text-embedding-3-large", "0_prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "0_output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "0_corpus": "arxiv", "1_conv_id": "9fa5e360a4634b9eb781f99879d5a450", "1_model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "1_prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "1_output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "1_corpus": "arxiv"}
14
+ {"tstamp": 1726513501.6176, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "rightvote", "models": ["", ""], "ip": "", "0_conv_id": "2879018da7ca4d8ca57c95f99af06a21", "0_model_name": "Salesforce/SFR-Embedding-2_R", "0_prompt": "A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "0_output": [["A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "Title: Word Embeddings for Chemical Patent Natural Language Processing\n\nAbstract: We evaluate chemical patent word embeddings against known biomedical embeddings and show that they outperform the latter extrinsically and intrinsically. We also show that using contextualized embeddings can induce predictive models of reasonable performance for this domain over a relatively small gold standard."]], "0_corpus": "arxiv", "1_conv_id": "3becfa2a63804aa2a8c0e3a1707cec9f", "1_model_name": "intfloat/e5-mistral-7b-instruct", "1_prompt": "A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "1_output": [["A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "Title: A Survey on Contextual Embeddings\n\nAbstract: Contextual embeddings, such as ELMo and BERT, move beyond global word representations like Word2Vec and achieve ground-breaking performance on a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Contextual embeddings assign each word a representation based on its context, thereby capturing uses of words across varied contexts and encoding knowledge that transfers across languages. In this survey, we review existing contextual embedding models, cross-lingual polyglot pre-training, the application of contextual embeddings in downstream tasks, model compression, and model analyses."]], "1_corpus": "arxiv"}
data/retrieval_individual-fc2e4671-7e20-44ad-a373-899a077f1401.jsonl CHANGED
@@ -86,3 +86,5 @@
86
  {"tstamp": 1726511688.113, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726511687.7018, "finish": 1726511688.113, "ip": "", "conv_id": "5ab5abbab89e4154856081f226798056", "model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nBusiness capability-based planning Guidance on how to use TOGAF to develop security architectures and SOA\nThe latest version is TOGAF 10, launched on 25 April 2022.\nThe Open Group provides TOGAF free of charge to organizations for their own internal noncommercial purposes.\nTOGAF pillars\nEnterprise architecture domains\nTOGAF is based on four interrelated areas of specialization called architecture domains:\nBusiness architecture which defines the business strategy, governance, organization, and key business processes of the organization\nData architecture which describes the structure of an organization's logical and physical data assets and the associated data management resources\nApplications architecture which provides a blueprint for the individual systems to be deployed, the interactions between the application systems, and their relationships to the core business processes of the organization with the frameworks for services to be exposed as business functions for integration\nTechnical architecture, or technology architecture, which describes the hardware, software, and network infrastructure needed to support the deployment of core, mission-critical applications\nArchitecture Development Method\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is applied to develop an enterprise architecture which will meet the business and information technology needs of an organization. It may be tailored to the organization's needs and is then employed to manage the execution of architecture planning activities."]], "corpus": "wikipedia"}
87
  {"tstamp": 1726512079.7028, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "text-embedding-3-large", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726512079.0738, "finish": 1726512079.7028, "ip": "", "conv_id": "4b1f81ad55ba4315976816662cc254a8", "model_name": "text-embedding-3-large", "prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}
88
  {"tstamp": 1726512079.7028, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726512079.0738, "finish": 1726512079.7028, "ip": "", "conv_id": "9fa5e360a4634b9eb781f99879d5a450", "model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}
 
 
 
86
  {"tstamp": 1726511688.113, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726511687.7018, "finish": 1726511688.113, "ip": "", "conv_id": "5ab5abbab89e4154856081f226798056", "model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "prompt": "Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "output": [["Please read this scenario prior to answering the question.\n\nArmstrong Defense Industries is the prime contractor for the Dreadnought Unmanned Aircraft System program.\n\nOver the course of this contract, the company has grown rapidly by acquisition and has inherited numerous different procurement processes and related IT systems. Armstrong Defense is moving aggressively to consolidate and reduce redundant procurement processes and systems. The CEO has announced that the company will seek to leverage higher volume discounts and lower related IT support costs by instituting a preferred supplier program.\n\nTo achieve this goal, Armstrong Defense needs to define Baseline and Target Architectures. These architectures must address key stakeholders concerns such as:\n\n1. What groups of people should be involved in procurement-related business processes?\n2. What current applications do those groups use?\n3. Which procurement-related business processes are supported by zero, one, or many existing applications?\n4. What are the overall lifetimes of the Request for Proposal and Purchase Order business objects?\n5. What non-procurement applications will need to be integrated with any new procurement applications?\n6. What data will need to be shared?\n\nAt present, there are no particularly useful architectural assets related to this initiative. All assets need to be acquired and customized or created from scratch. The company prefers to implement existing package applications from systems vendors with little customization.\n\nThe architecture development project has just completed its Architecture Context iteration cycle and is about to begin the Architecture Definition iteration cycle.\n\nArmstrong Defense is using TOGAF for its internal Enterprise Architecture activities. It uses an iterative approach for executing Architecture Development Method (ADM) projects.\n\nYou are serving as the Lead Architect.\n\nYou have been asked to identify the most appropriate architecture viewpoints for this situation. Based on TOGAF 9, which of the following is the best answer?\n\nAnswer A: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Baseline Business Process catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a Technology Portfolio catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data diagram\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with an Actor/Process/Data catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with a System/Technology matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Dissemination diagram\n\nAnswer B: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the key business objects with Product Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Business Function matrix and a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Organization matrix and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer C: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the key business objects with Data Lifecycle diagrams\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture with Application Communication diagrams and an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with a Business Service/Function catalog and a Business Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with an Application and User Location diagram and a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture with a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nAnswer D: In the early iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Baseline Business Architecture with an Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Baseline Application Architecture with a System/Function matrix\nDescribe the Baseline Data Architecture using a Data Entity/Data Component catalog\n\nIn the later iterations of the Architecture Definition:\n\nDescribe the Target Business Architecture with en Organization/Actor catalog\nDescribe the Target Application Architecture using Application Communication diagrams end an Application Interaction matrix\nDescribe the Target Data Architecture with a System/Data matrix", "The Open Group Architecture Framework\n\nBusiness capability-based planning Guidance on how to use TOGAF to develop security architectures and SOA\nThe latest version is TOGAF 10, launched on 25 April 2022.\nThe Open Group provides TOGAF free of charge to organizations for their own internal noncommercial purposes.\nTOGAF pillars\nEnterprise architecture domains\nTOGAF is based on four interrelated areas of specialization called architecture domains:\nBusiness architecture which defines the business strategy, governance, organization, and key business processes of the organization\nData architecture which describes the structure of an organization's logical and physical data assets and the associated data management resources\nApplications architecture which provides a blueprint for the individual systems to be deployed, the interactions between the application systems, and their relationships to the core business processes of the organization with the frameworks for services to be exposed as business functions for integration\nTechnical architecture, or technology architecture, which describes the hardware, software, and network infrastructure needed to support the deployment of core, mission-critical applications\nArchitecture Development Method\nThe Architecture Development Method (ADM) is applied to develop an enterprise architecture which will meet the business and information technology needs of an organization. It may be tailored to the organization's needs and is then employed to manage the execution of architecture planning activities."]], "corpus": "wikipedia"}
87
  {"tstamp": 1726512079.7028, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "text-embedding-3-large", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726512079.0738, "finish": 1726512079.7028, "ip": "", "conv_id": "4b1f81ad55ba4315976816662cc254a8", "model_name": "text-embedding-3-large", "prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}
88
  {"tstamp": 1726512079.7028, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726512079.0738, "finish": 1726512079.7028, "ip": "", "conv_id": "9fa5e360a4634b9eb781f99879d5a450", "model_name": "intfloat/multilingual-e5-large-instruct", "prompt": "Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "output": [["Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents,Humans, and Environment ", "Title: Towards Unified Alignment Between Agents, Humans, and Environment\n\nAbstract: The rapid progress of foundation models has led to the prosperity of autonomous agents, which leverage the universal capabilities of foundation models to conduct reasoning, decision-making, and environmental interaction. However, the efficacy of agents remains limited when operating in intricate, realistic environments. In this work, we introduce the principles of $\\mathbf{U}$nified $\\mathbf{A}$lignment for $\\mathbf{A}$gents ($\\mathbf{UA}^2$), which advocate for the simultaneous alignment of agents with human intentions, environmental dynamics, and self-constraints such as the limitation of monetary budgets. From the perspective of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$, we review the current agent research and highlight the neglected factors in existing agent benchmarks and method candidates. We also conduct proof-of-concept studies by introducing realistic features to WebShop, including user profiles to demonstrate intentions, personalized reranking for complex environmental dynamics, and runtime cost statistics to reflect self-constraints. We then follow the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$ to propose an initial design of our agent, and benchmark its performance with several candidate baselines in the retrofitted WebShop. The extensive experimental results further prove the importance of the principles of $\\mathbf{UA}^2$. Our research sheds light on the next steps of autonomous agent research with improved general problem-solving abilities."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}
89
+ {"tstamp": 1726513479.8571, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "Salesforce/SFR-Embedding-2_R", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726513479.4783, "finish": 1726513479.8571, "ip": "", "conv_id": "2879018da7ca4d8ca57c95f99af06a21", "model_name": "Salesforce/SFR-Embedding-2_R", "prompt": "A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "output": [["A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "Title: Word Embeddings for Chemical Patent Natural Language Processing\n\nAbstract: We evaluate chemical patent word embeddings against known biomedical embeddings and show that they outperform the latter extrinsically and intrinsically. We also show that using contextualized embeddings can induce predictive models of reasonable performance for this domain over a relatively small gold standard."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}
90
+ {"tstamp": 1726513479.8571, "task_type": "retrieval", "type": "chat", "model": "intfloat/e5-mistral-7b-instruct", "gen_params": {}, "start": 1726513479.4783, "finish": 1726513479.8571, "ip": "", "conv_id": "3becfa2a63804aa2a8c0e3a1707cec9f", "model_name": "intfloat/e5-mistral-7b-instruct", "prompt": "A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "output": [["A benchmark to measure the performance of contextualized word embeddings against traditional embeddings.", "Title: A Survey on Contextual Embeddings\n\nAbstract: Contextual embeddings, such as ELMo and BERT, move beyond global word representations like Word2Vec and achieve ground-breaking performance on a wide range of natural language processing tasks. Contextual embeddings assign each word a representation based on its context, thereby capturing uses of words across varied contexts and encoding knowledge that transfers across languages. In this survey, we review existing contextual embedding models, cross-lingual polyglot pre-training, the application of contextual embeddings in downstream tasks, model compression, and model analyses."]], "corpus": "arxiv"}